A waste valorization through incorporation strategy: Phosvitin-mango peel polyphenol compålexes with enhanced antioxidant and anti-aggregation functionalities.

Differential modulation of chloride conductances by iodinated gallic and trans-ferulic acids.

Gallic acid: A promising anti-non-small cell lung cancer compound targeting early growth response protein-1 for apoptosis and ferroptosis.

Rapid and sequential removal of polyphenols and heavy metals from water by zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67)

Biomimetic hydrogel strategy inspired by sea cucumbers: Integrating antibacterial, osteoimmune, and osteogenic functions for infected bone repair.

An in situ-forming hydrogel with a sol-spray system promotes diabetic wound healing via synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of polyphenols from Cornus officinalis: Optimization, mechanisms, and bioactivity.

Nuangong Tiaojing Formula ameliorates luteal phase defect by restoring ovarian-uterine axis function via regulating inflammatory-apoptotic cascade.

Hazelnuts and foods produced using hazelnuts are consumed with pleasure, but it is important to evaluate the waste generated during hazelnut processing and determine their usage methods. This study was conducted to determine the changes in bioactive components, bioaccessibility and antidiabetic activity of nanoparticles synthesized using soy lecithin from hazelnut wastes. The shell-derived nanoparticles had the highest zeta potential (-38.62 mV), and the smallest particle size and polydispersity index values. The production efficiency of nanoparticles was in the range of 79.10-89.46%, and the loading capacity was in the range of 38.17-52.59%. The antioxidant properties and thermal stability of the shell nanoparticle were higher. The highest gallic acid, rutin, o-coumaric acid, quercetin and kaempferol were measured in shell nanoparticles. In the bioaccessibility results, gallic acid (69.47%), protocatechuic acid (61.28%), quercetin (61.50%) and kaempferol (52.07%) were at the highest values in the shell nanoparticle. Lipid peroxidation inhibition was highest in shell nanoparticles (8.41 mg mL-1), while the lowest effect was measured in husk nanoparticles. The order of antidiabetic activity was shell nanoparticles > skin nanoparticles > husk nanoparticles. The investigation revealed that the nanoparticles exhibited significant anticancer activity in the MCF-7 breast cancer and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. Principal component analysis showed that antioxidant properties are the key drivers of principal component one (PC1), while enzyme activities influence principal component two (PC2). The results obtained revealed the potential use of nanoparticles produced from hazelnut waste (especially shell) for therapeutic purposes and prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress. © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

ROS-responsive puerarin-loaded MOF hydrogel coating: Reprogramming the pathological microenvironment for enhanced diabetic bone regeneration.

Danggui-Shaoyao-San ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis via suppressing hepatic macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome.

Gallic acid encapsulation modulates the rheological, structural and functional properties of calcium-induced jack bean protein cold-set gels

This study investigated the effects of different drying methods, including freeze drying, oven drying, shade drying, and microwave drying (360, 600, and 900W), on the volatile profile, total phenolic content (TPC), and color characteristics of wild-grown Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii. Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) analysis identified 26 volatile compounds in the fresh sample, with α-pinene, 3-octanone, limonene, and β-caryophyllene as the predominant constituents. Drying induced pronounced shifts in volatile composition, characterized by an overall increase in isoprenoid compounds and a reduction in fatty acid derivatives, alongside the emergence of compounds such as nonanal and hexadecane. Increasing microwave power led to a decrease in monoterpenes and an increase in sesquiterpenes. TPC (19.5-40.21mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g), and color parameters were also significantly affected (p<0.05), with freeze drying and high-power microwave drying showing improved phenolic retention and color preservation compared to oven and shade drying. Overall, the results indicate that drying influences multiple quality attributes in a method-dependent manner, with variations in processing conditions leading to distinct compositional outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of aligning drying conditions with specific quality targets when processing wild thyme. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study establishes a practical framework for selecting drying strategies in wild thyme (Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii) by linking processing conditions to changes in volatile composition, color, and phenolic content. The results demonstrate that drying induces method-dependent transformations rather than uniform quality changes. Accordingly, drying methods should be chosen on the basis of the targeted product profile together with processing efficiency, enabling more tailored production of high-quality dried thyme.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are major toxic organic constituents attached to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and contribute substantially to PM2.5-associated oxidative stress and respiratory toxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of shallot (Allium ascalonicum) extracts against PAH-induced oxidative stress in human nasal epithelial cells (RPMI 2650). Shallot extracts were prepared using various extraction techniques and assessed for their phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity. Among the extracts evaluated, the supercritical fluid extract exhibited the highest total flavonoid content and anti-inflammatory property, whereas the ethanolic extract (EtOH) exhibited the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity and was therefore selected for subsequent investigations. HPLC analysis of the EtOH extract identified quercetin and gallic acid as major phenolic constituents. Exposure of RPMI-2650 cells to PAHs (0.25 μg/mL) significantly induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation while reducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, indicating oxidative stress induction. Cotreatment with the ethanolic extract (1.25–5 μg/mL) effectively mitigated these effects by reducing ROS generation, suppressing lipid peroxidation, and restoring SOD activity in a dose-dependent manner. These protective effects are attributed to the antioxidant phytochemicals present in shallot, particularly quercetin. Collectively, these findings indicate that shallot extracts attenuate PAH-induced oxidative stress in human nasal epithelial cells.

Tannases (tannin acyl hydrolases, EC 3.1.1.20) catalyze the hydrolysis of galloylated polyphenols, releasing gallic acid and other bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties. These enzymes have a wide range of applications in the food and beverage industry, particularly for improving tea quality. In this study, a tannase gene from Aspergillus niger CECT 2907 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Komagataella phaffii. Two recombinant variants were generated: a double-chain enzyme (AnTanDC) and a single-chain variant (AnTanSC) obtained by mutating two Kex2 protease cleavage sites. Both enzymes were biochemically characterized, and the potential of AnTanSC to enhance the antioxidant properties of black tea was evaluated. Both recombinant tannases were efficiently secreted and produced in 5 L bioreactors, reaching activities of 4238 ± 16 U L-1 (AnTanDC) and 6505 ± 362 U L-1 (AnTanSC). AnTanDC was proteolytically processed into two subunits, whereas AnTanSC remained as a single-chain enzyme. Both variants showed similar pH and temperature activity profiles, with maximal activity around pH 6.0 and 40 °C. AnTanSC showed improved thermal stability compared with AnTanDC, although lower activity toward tannic acid was observed. Treatment of black tea infusions with AnTanSC increased soluble phenolic content 1.94-fold and enhanced antioxidant capacity 5.76-fold and 3.12-fold according to TEAC and FRAP assays, respectively. The engineered single-chain tannase AnTanSC combined improved thermal stability with effective enhancement of the antioxidant properties of black tea, supporting its potential application as a biocatalyst for the processing of tea beverages and other polyphenol-rich foods. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

Sustainable extraction of polyphenols from Pleurotus eryngii using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents with process optimization and biological activity.

Plant-derived by-products are a valuable source of polyphenols with well-documented antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. However, their limited stability restricts their application in functional food systems. This study investigated alginate-based encapsulation by ionotropic gelation as a strategy to improve polyphenol retention and bioactivity, using pomegranate peel and tomato pomace as contrasting plant matrices. Attention was given to the effects of processing parameters, including nozzle diameter, on encapsulation efficiency and functional properties. Plant matrix and processing conditions both significantly affected polyphenol retention, antioxidant capacity (oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)), and antidiabetic activity (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and α-amylase inhibition), confirming strong matrix-dependent behavior. Microspheres prepared from pomegranate peel showed greater retention of key phenolic compounds, including gallic acid (29.7 mg kg-1 FW), ellagic acid (5.0 mg kg-1 FW), flavonols (18.0 mg kg-1 FW), and polymeric procyanidins (1337.6 mg kg-1 FW), and enhanced biological activity. In contrast, tomato pomace showed lower stability, with the highest flavonol retention (45.6 mg kg-1 FW) observed under less restrictive encapsulation conditions. Increasing nozzle diameter (750-1000 μm) improved microsphere morphology, surface integrity, and extract distribution, while reducing structural instability. Correlation analysis indicated that flavan-3-ols, phenolic acids, and punicalagin were the principal contributors to antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. Alginate-based encapsulation efficiency was influenced strongly by plant matrix and process parameters, particularly nozzle diameter. Optimization of these factors enables improved retention of bioactive compounds and enhanced biological activity. The developed system shows potential for the design of stable, functional microspheres applicable in functional foods, nutraceuticals, and controlled-release delivery systems. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

In silico prediction of gallic acid binding to Zika virus NS3/RdRp proteins and in vitro confirmation of its antiviral activity.

Evaluation of the remineralisation potential of a novel peptide GA-C16G2 on artificial root dentine lesions.

The anti-respiratory syncytial virus activity of biochemicals from Pyrola incarnata.