This study aimed to model the impact of climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices on soil‒water balance, water use efficiency (WUEET), and wheat yield in the face of climate change. The AquaCrop version 7.1 model was used to estimate the water balance and yield under the baseline (1981-2010) and future (2050s, RCP4.5) climate scenarios. We evaluated five CSA practices, varying in tillage, residue management, and water management, based on experiments conducted in 2020 and 2021. Observed data on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and surface runoff were used for model calibration (2020) and evaluation (2021). The model was evaluated using four performance indicators and found to be robust. The treatments included farmers' conventional practices (CPs), soil bunds (SBs), crop residues (CRs), integrated conservation practices (ICPs), and berken plows (BPs). The results show that climate change is likely to reduce grain yield and WUEET under CP by 1% and 16.3%, respectively, by 2050 compared to the current 2021 period. All CSA practices studied increased grain yield and WUEET over the CP in both periods. Under future climates, ICP showed a greater relative grain yield (Y = 4.51 t/ha), water use efficiency (WUEET = 1.32kg m3), and other soil water balances, followed by CR, BP, and SB over CP. Overall, ICP has shown tremendous potential for climate change adaptation among the other CSA practices tested. Therefore, adaptation to future climate conditions must integrate different practices, and the novel ICP can be promoted as a climate-smart practice in similar farming systems and agro-ecological settings.

ABSTRACT This article addresses the rhetorical dimensions of the language of children and young people around trees and climate change. Via an analysis of statements and stories by children, made in educational settings, the complex constellation of experience, meaning, scientific understanding, mythical imagination and the affective dimensions of fear and hope, that structures children’s environmental awareness, is brought out. In particular, the mythical use to which scientific ideas and terms are put is discussed. In order to foster agency and empowerment with respect to climate futures, environmental education should not only rely on the epistemic regime of scientific thinking but should also adopt a critical rhetorical perspective.

Robinia pseudoacacia is a major tree species for soil and water conservation afforestation in the “Three-North” Region, with crucial ecological improvement and carbon sequestration functions. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of suitable areas and carbon storage of R. pseudoacacia plantations under different future climate scenarios, further reveal the changing trend of their carbon sequestration potential, and provide a scientific basis for the rational layout and sustainable management of R. pseudoacacia plantations in the “Ω”-shaped bend of the Yellow River. Based on the MaxEnt model, we predicted the potential suitable distribution of R. pseudoacacia under future climate change scenarios, identified the potentially threatened geographical distribution regions and area changes in R. pseudoacacia, and clarified the limiting factors affecting the potential geographical distribution of R. pseudoacacia plantations by analyzing the contribution rates and permutation importance of comprehensive environmental variables. Combined with the InVEST model, we estimated and analyzed the spatial distribution of carbon storage in R. pseudoacacia plantations in the 2090s. The results showed that the minimum temperature of the coldest month was the main environmental factor affecting the distribution of potential suitable areas of R. pseudoacacia plantations, with a contribution rate of 46.98%, followed by annual precipitation. Under current climatic conditions, the potential suitable areas of R. pseudoacacia plantations were mainly distributed in the Loess Plateau, Hetao Plain, Ordos Plateau, Kubuqi Desert, and northern Mu Us Sandy Land. The highly suitable areas were mainly concentrated in the south-central part of the Loess Plateau, accounting for approximately 22.81% of the total area of the “Ω”-shaped bend of the Yellow River. Under future climate change, the moderately and highly suitable areas tended to shift northwestward. Under the four future climate scenarios, the carbon storage and carbon density of R. pseudoacacia plantations showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing; by 2100, the carbon storage reached the maximum under the SSP370 scenario, and the areas with medium-to-high carbon storage first expanded and then contracted, mainly concentrated in the Ordos Plateau and Loess Plateau.

Hydrological and sediment transport responses to future climate change scenarios in southeastern Brazil under CMIP6 multi-model ensemble

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a fruit crop of major agronomic, socio-economic, and ecological importance in Morocco, where it plays a key role in sustainable agriculture, particularly in semi-arid and mountainous regions. In the context of climate change and the upward migration of climate-sensitive species, identifying resilient crops such as pomegranate is essential for anticipating future shifts in agricultural suitability. Despite its growing importance, the potential national-scale distribution of P. granatum under current and future climatic conditions remains insufficiently documented. This study aims to identify the main bioclimatic drivers of pomegranate distribution in Morocco, map its current ecological suitability, and project potential changes under future climate scenarios for the 2040 and 2060 horizons. Species distribution modeling was conducted using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) coupled with GIS tools, under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathway scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-3.4, SSP2-4.7, and SSP5-8.5). This work represents the first national-scale modeling effort to assess the future suitability of pomegranate in Morocco. Model performance was robust, with a high AUC value (0.965) and omission rates below 10%, indicating strong predictive accuracy. Jackknife and multicollinearity analyses identified annual precipitation (BIO12), minimum temperature of the coldest month (BIO6), elevation, and precipitation of the coldest quarter (BIO19) as the most influential variables. Current suitability maps highlight highly favorable areas in the Marrakech-Safi and Souss-Massa plains, with moderately suitable zones around the Atlas Mountains, while arid southeastern regions show low suitability. Future projections indicate spatial shifts in suitability depending on emission scenarios. Overall, this study provides valuable decision-support information for climate-smart planning, varietal selection, and sustainable expansion of pomegranate cultivation in Morocco.

Increasing global demands for food and energy necessitate innovative land-use solutions. Agrivoltaics, colocating solar photovoltaics with agriculture, shows promise, but its widespread adoption faces complex biophysical and economic trade-offs in a changing climate. Here, we develop an integrated biophysical-economic modeling framework to quantify how agrivoltaics affect biophysical and economic impacts across the Midwestern United States under both current and project climate conditions. We find strong regional divergences driven by climate gradients. In the humid eastern Midwest, solar panel shading limits photosynthesis, leading to reduced yields (maize -24%; soybean -16%) and lower farmers' profitability (maize -16%; soybean -2%) compared to conventional agriculture. Conversely, in the semiarid western region, shading alleviates heat and water stress, moderating yield reductions for maize (-12%) and even boosting soybean yields (+6%), resulting in improved economic returns (-6% for maize; +9% for soybean), for a scenario with 33% photovoltaic ground coverage ratio. Although agrivoltaics generate substantial electrical energy across all regions, high upfront installation costs challenge solar developers compared to standalone solar photovoltaics. However, our analysis identifies "win-win" opportunities where soybean-based agrivoltaics in the semiarid region produce economic benefits for both farmers and solar developers, highlighting the necessity for region-specific designs tailored to local climate conditions. Critically, future climate projections indicate eastward expansion of semiarid conditions, broadening areas where agrivoltaics can mitigate crop yield penalties (even boosting yield) and improve overall profitability, especially under high-emission scenarios. The results provide a mechanistic and economically integrated understanding essential for developing evidence-based and region-specific strategies to scale agrivoltaics in a changing climate.

Historical baselines reveal suitable conservation landscapes for Javan and Sumatran rhinoceros.

Towards sustainable water use in intensive and super-intensive olive orchards of Alentejo across multiple scenarios for present and future climate

Seed germination is highly temperature sensitive, and increasing global temperatures due to climate change are likely to have a strong effect on agriculture. Improved utilisation of indigenous, arid-resilient crops like fonio (Digitaria exilis) are a commonly proposed solution to improving food security in West Africa. This study develops knowledge of fonio germination requirements and relates them to future predicted climate conditions. We use an interdisciplinary methodology, integrating extensive laboratory-based seed germination experiments under a range of temperatures, with niche suitability and future climate modelling, to investigate trends for how cultivation of fonio may be impacted by climate change. By analysing 37 seed accessions from Guinea, Togo, Mali, and Burkina Faso, we estimated the ceiling temperature for germination of this species to be 43°C (SD=±1.6), with an optimum temperature of 36°C (SD=±2.2) - as also noted from phenotypic observations on seedlings. There is no obvious difference in response by accessions originating from either hotter or cooler climates. By comparing these temperature thresholds to future climate predictions, tested alongside suitability modelling, we see a decline of 7.9-10.45% in the future suitable area for fonio cultivation, depending on the prediction method, especially affecting Senegal, Mali, and Burkina Faso. Newly suitable area is predicted to increase in Guinea, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, and Nigeria by 5.5%. Our findings provide valuable insight into the physiology and thermal tolerance of fonio seeds, and identify particularly vulnerable agricultural regions in West Africa which will require additional support. This should include developing future dryland agriculture policies, livelihood projects, and resilient crop varieties.

Enhancing climate resilience of global dryland maize to cope with future 50-year climate warming

A depth-duration-frequency model for analysis of extreme precipitation events, with application to past and projected future climates in Ireland

Integrating multi-omics reveals the mechanisms of elevated [CO2] enhances salt tolerance of tobacco plants with a photosynthetic regulatory network.

Assessing climate risk and adaptive strategies for forage production in Brazilian pasture-based livestock under future climate scenarios

Durum wheat germplasm response to high temperatures, the role of small HSP26 in the defense response.

Coupled evolution of meteorological and hydrological drought until 2100 based on changes in climate scenarios.

Combined effects of nanomaterials and climate change on aquatic ecosystems: Toxicity, interactions, and regulatory challenges.

Effects of agricultural land use and climate change on abundance and demography differ between two common small mammal species.

Assessment of the thermal energy demand of Spain’s residential building stock under future climate scenarios

Estimating the climate impacts of future paper production and recycling with life cycle assessment.

Healthcare systems significantly contribute to carbon emissions, prompting a shift towards sustainable practices. Physiotherapy interventions, particularly those minimising travel, hospitalisation, and pharmaceuticals, offer promising low carbon strategies for musculoskeletal care (MSK). To synthesise evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on 5 physiotherapy intervention domains-telerehabilitation, prehabilitation, self-management strategies, comparisons with NSAIDs and group exercises in adults aged≥18years with non-traumatic musculoskeletal disorders. An umbrella review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A search across five physiotherapy intervention domains, four electronic databases from date of inception till may 2025: Pubmed, Cochrane, PEDro and Epistemonikos. Acute to chronic MSK conditions were included. Intervention duration varied across studies ranging from short term (2-6weeks) to long term upto 12months. AMSTAR 2, ROBIS and GRADE were used to assess study quality, bias and certainty of evidence. Primary outcomes were pain intensity and physical function. Secondary outcomes included functional capacity, adherence, healthcare utilisation/cost, quality of life, and adverse events. Telerehabilitation and prehabilitation improved pain, function and hospital stay. Exercise-based physiotherapy showed benefits comparable to NSAIDs with fewer side effects, while self-management and group exercise demonstrated scalable but low certainty. Although sustainability was not a primary selection, all included interventions aligned with low carbon healthcare principles, underscoring their potential for integration into future climate conscious care models. Building on findings, future research should integrate sustainability metrics to support the routine adoption of low carbon physiotherapy in MSK care.