Furnace Wall Research Articles

Determination of the sootblower activation moment for biomass co-firing in a pulverized coal furnace

The pulverized coal-fired furnaces are expected to use co-firing with biomass for environmental reasons. Although the non-uniform ash deposits are formed on the furnace walls, the uniform deposits could be used for the analysis of the furnace operation. The objective of this investigation was determination of the uniform deposit thickness, used as a criterion for prediction of the sootblower activation moment in coal-biomass co-firing. The investigation comprised numerical simulations for uniform and non-uniform deposits to find the relative differences for the selected variables that were important for the sootblower activation: the mean wall fluxes and flame temperatures. The local thicknesses of the non-uniform deposits were determined by the gamma distribution for several mean and standard deviation values using the inversion method. The thicknesses of the uniform deposits were considered among the measures of central tendency: mode, mean, and median, of the non-uniform deposits. The mean was expected to provide the smallest relative differences, while the mode was excluded from further consideration after analysis of its values. The median was found to be better choice than the mean, as it provided smaller relative differences of the selected variables for the thick deposits, which were important for the sootblower activation. The method based on comparison of the uniform deposits for coal firing and those for the co-firing with biomass was proposed for the prediction of the sootblower activation moment. The method can be used for the selection of the operational regimes for coal-biomass co-firing.

Effect of the Specific Features of the Torch Aerodynamics on the Integrated Efficiency of the Multifuel Boiler

This scientific paper gives the literature review emphasizing that the overwhelming majority of the operated boilers are equipped with vortex burners. These burners are characterized by an increased NOx formation, low operation reliability of screen tubes and convective heating surfaces, small maneuverability range and insufficient economical indicators. The defining role of the aerodynamic organization of the furnace processes affecting the operation efficiency of the boilers was shown for the case of the combustion of the energy fuels of a different type. Hence, the problems of an increased reliability, maneuverability, environmental safety and economical operation of the boilers are rather topical. The above problems faced by Ukraine today have been essentially exacerbated due to the fact that most boilers of the thermal power plants have a depleted resource and the production of new boilers (especially high power boilers) was actually stopped. The use of vortex burners with the traditional counter layout on the two opposite furnace walls is peculiar for the overwhelming majority of modern high power boilers in Ukraine and abroad. In this case, the central zone of the furnace is designed to provide the collision of the burner torches of opposite walls and a high-temperature burning core is created. In the case of gas –oil boilers, the availability of the high-temperature core results in an intensified formation of the thermal nitrogen oxides and a decreased operation reliability of the metal of furnace screens. The torch throw onto the side furnace walls during the combustion of fuel oil results in an essential decrease of the operation reliability of the screen tubes due to a high-temperature hydrogen sulfide corrosion. This paper highlights the issues of the effect of the specific features of the torch aerodynamics on the integrated efficiency of the boiler operation and the optimization of the layouts for the combustion of energy fuels in the multifurnace boilers for further reconstruction of the boilers to reduce the emission of harmful substances, increase reliability and economicity of their operation and enlarge the steam load carrying range.

Ancient metalworking at Yodhawewa site, Sri Lanka: tracing the archaeological and geochemical relationship by analyzing soil and slags

The Yodhawewa archaeometallurgical site was the latest discovery in Sri Lanka in 2018. This study aimed to trace the archaeological and geochemical relationship by analyzing the soil and slags of the site dating back to the c. first to eighth centuries AD. The analysis was mainly based on the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method. The soil chemistry resulted in some clues to special metal processing zones in the excavation-1 area. The cultural layers of that area (profiles 1 and 2) showed relatively high copper composition (max. 470 ppm), and crucible fragments containing copper particles were also detected in the same layers. The vertical distribution of soil elements and their correlations with TiO2 suggested that long-term metal activity may have affected changes in environmental soil chemistry. Relatively high phosphorus was indicated in the soil-related furnace wall, suggesting the artificial addition of organic matter to the clay body during the furnace wall construction to withstand the high temperatures. High iron slag (HIS) varies from 12.96 to 49.63 wt% of Fe2O3 and shows high MnO, P2O5, and V. Lightweight amorphous/glassy slags (LIS) associated with secondary refining have low iron content and a high CaO and Sr composition.

A numerical model for the prediction of the minimum ignition temperature of dust clouds

This paper presents a numerical model for the prediction of the minimum ignition temperature (MIT) of dust clouds. First, a physical model is developed for the dust cloud ignition in the Godbert-Greenwald furnace. A numerical approach is then applied for the MIT prediction based on the physical model. The model considers heat transfer between the air and dust particles, the dust particle reaction kinetics, and the residence times of dust clouds in the furnace. In general, for the 13 dusts studied, the calculated MIT data are in agreement with the experimental values. There is also great accordance between the experimental and numerical MIT variation trends against particle size. Two different ignition modes are discovered. The first one consists in ignition near the furnace wall for bigger particles characterized by rather short residence times. In the second mode, the ignition starts from the center of the furnace by self-heating of the dust cloud for smaller particles with longer residence times. For magnesium, as dust concentration increases, the lowest ignition temperature of the dust cloud IT(conc) decreases first, then transits to increase at a certain point. The transition happens at different dust concentrations for different particle sizes. Moreover, the MIT of the magnesium dust cloud generally increases as particle size increases, but the increasing trend stagnates within a certain medium particle size range.

Research of combustion of solid fuel mixture based on coals of different degrees of metamorphism in the regions of Yenisei Siberia

THE PURPOSE. Consider the combustion process of two coals of different degrees of metamorphism and their mixtures using thermogravimetric analysis based on the change in mass and the rate of change in mass during the heating of fuels. Determine the main characteristics of fuels and the combustion process (temperature of ignition and burnout of the coke residue). Determine the tendency to slagging of coal mixtures. METHODS. When solving the tasks, the thermogravimetric method (TGA). RESULTS. The article provides a brief overview of the combustion of non-design fuels at thermal power plants. The results of technical and elemental analysis of Chernogorsk bituminous coal and Balakhta brown coal are presented. A technique for determining the ignition temperature and burnout of the coke residue is described. The thermograms of the combustion process of two coals of different degrees of metamorphism and their mixtures are presented. The main characteristics of their combustion have been determined. A qualitative analysis of the surface of fuel particles for the presence of pores and cracks is shown. The calculation of the tendency to slagging of coal mixtures has been carried out. CONCLUSION. Thermogravimetric analysis showed an earlier ignition of the Balakhta brown coal in comparison with the Montenegrin bituminous coal. With an increase in the proportion of Balakhta coal in the coal mixture, the profile of the combustion curves shifts to the region of lower temperatures. The addition of 25% Balakhta coal reduces the ignition temperature of Chernogorsk coal by 16%, with an increase in the proportion of Balakhta coal in the mixture, the ignition temperature does not change. Balakhta coal has a high tendency to slagging furnace walls, in contrast to Chernogorsk coal, therefore, an increase in its mass fraction in the coal mixture increases the tendency to slagging furnace screens.

Numerical study on the effects of primary air ratio on ultra-low-load combustion characteristics of a 1050 MW coal-fired boiler considering high-temperature corrosion

Primary air significantly impacts the ultra-low-load combustion of coal-fired utility boilers. In this study, eleven combustion scenarios with varied primary air ratios (the flowrate ratio of primary air to the total air, PAR) were numerically investigated for a 1050 MW double-tangential circular coal-fired boiler under ultra-low load. The effects of PAR on temperature distribution, coal burnout, and gas species were thoroughly examined. Meanwhile, special attention was paid to the reducing atmosphere near furnace walls for alleviating the problem of high-temperature corrosion. Results show that a relatively large high-temperature region in the furnace is achieved at PAR = 0.153, contributing to combustion stability under ultra-low load conditions. Although the residence time tends to be shortened as PAR increases from 0.123 to 0.275, the amount of unburned carbon in coal particles has a general trend of decreasing because of more available oxygen from primary air. Due to the high excess air coefficient at ultra-low load, strong reducing atmosphere and high-temperature regions mostly concentrate around the operating coal burners, posing corrosion hazard there. As PAR increases to 0.275, the area of high CO concentration regions near furnace walls and the maximum CO concentration decrease noticeably, indicating less pronounced high-temperature corrosion at large values of PAR. NO emissions increase from 294.4 mg/Nm3 to 823.7 mg/Nm3 with increasing PAR from 0.123 to 0.275. This is shown to be related to the weakened reducing atmosphere as well as the reduced residence time of the coal particles as PAR increases.

Influence of CaO and Fe2O on the surface tension and structure of SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Fe2O3-MgO synthetic slags

The surface tension of coal slags influences the adhesion between the slag and furnace walls in slagging gasifiers, which further influences the efficiency, maintenance cost and reliability of the gasifier. The influence of CaO and Fe2O3 on the surface tension and structure of synthetic slags were investigated. The results indicate that the surface tension linearly increases with the increase of CaO content in the synthetic slag. When Fe2O3 exceeds 3.8 mole%, the surface tension of synthetic slag increases slowly with the increase of Fe2O3, which is related to Fe2O3 acting as an intermediate oxide. The degree of polymerization and the electrostatic potential of ions are related to a variation in surface tension, and the number of unsatisfied bonds increases because the Si-O-Si network structure was depolymerized. Here, NBO/T cannot reflect the degree of depolymerization of slag due to the variation in intermediate Fe2O3 contents.

Condition Assessment of Boiler Water Wall Tubes using Robotics

Boiler tube failures continues to be the primary cause for forced outages in boilers. To get the boiler back on line and reduce (eliminate) future forced outages due to tube failure, it is extremely important to determine and correct the failure root cause. Detecting and sizing flaws before they cause failures is of critical importance in boiler maintenance. Localized and general wall thinning due to corrosion & erosion in boiler water-wall tubing is a significant inspection concern for boiler operators. There are at least four (4) other methods used for the inspection of Boiler Water walls. These methods are Spot Check UT, A-Scan UT, EMAT, and Scanning Thermograpy. Spot Check UT only gives thickness readings and gets very minimal coverage of the total surface area of the furnace water walls; the chances of finding I.D. flaw mechanisms using Spot Check UT are minimal at best. If Boiler Water walls have been sandblasted, A-Scan UT may be used to inspected larger areas of the furnace walls; in these cases, a steady flow of water is most often used as the couplant. The EMAT technique requires that any Boiler Water wall surfaces be sandblasted. This paper will present a discussion on the deployment of robotic wall crawler using electromagnetic technique to inspect boiler water walls from outside of the tube together with the theoretical background of the technique which explains the quantitative nature of the inspection. Further, case studies will be presented for the technique that allows the extraction of tube wall thickness information from the inspection data.

Numerical study on the influence of pellet proportion on burden distribution in blast furnace

ABSTRACT A mathematical model of the upper part of a 1080 m3 bell-less top blast furnace is established. The influence of the mass proportion of pellet on burden distribution and packed bed structure is analysed by the discrete element method. The results show that the radial segregation of the charge is affected by the pellet ratio: when the proportion of pellets increases from 20% to 40%, the angle of the pile decreases from 32.3° to 27.3°, while the bottom width of the pile increases, and the height and top width of the pile tend to decrease. Furthermore, with the increase of the proportion of pellets, the porosity of the packed bed tends to decrease. For the packed bed within 1 m from the furnace wall, the porosity tends to decrease from the edge to the centre.

Fouling and Slagging Investigation on Ash Derived from Sasol Coal Using ICP and XRF Analytical Techniques

During coal combustion in boilers, light fly ash particles are carried away along with the hot flue gases and the heavier bottom ash particles fall to the bottom of the boiler. The fly ash particles stick on the convective heat transfer surfaces and the furnace wall, causing fouling and slagging deposition problems during the boiler operation. The fouling and slagging effect reduces the boiler’s operational efficiency. This study was motivated by the decline in the operational efficiency of the installed boilers at Sasol synfuel operations in Secunda, Mpumalanga province in the Republic of South Africa. It was assumed that the drop in the boiler efficiency was caused by the coal ash deposition during the boiler operations. The rate of ash deposition and accumulation in the convective heat transfer tubes and furnace water walls during the boiler operation depends on the chemical composition of the coal ash produced during combustion. Coal fly and bottom ash samples were collected from the operational site for laboratory analysis to determine their chemical composition using induced coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, induced coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-OES, ICP-MS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analytical methods. The major, minor and trace elements by mass (%) in the ash samples were obtained from the ICP-OES and ICP-MS, whereas the elemental composition in an oxidised atmosphere was obtained from the XRF analysis. The amount of unburnt coal particles within the ash samples was determined from the loss on ignition (LOI) test. The fouling and slagging prediction during Sasol boiler operation was evaluated using previously developed fouling and slagging indices as a guide using the analysed ash chemical composition results obtained in this study. It was concluded from the analysed results using the guided evaluated indices from the analysed coal ash chemistry that during the operations of Sasol boiler(s) there is a low to medium fouling prediction occurrence on the convective heat transfer tubes and a low slagging in the boiler furnace walls.

Simulation of the flow, temperature, and concentration fields in the reactor of the HIsmelt process

ABSTRACT The flue gas temperature of the Smelting Reduction Vessel (SRV) in the HIsmelt process is high while the temperature of the molten iron is low. Therefore, the heat transfer efficiency between the upper and lower regions in the SRV needs to be further improved. The fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics inside the SRV were studied to derive the mass fraction, temperature distribution, and gas motion. The error between the simulated and measured values remained stable within 5%. The gas in the centre of the SRV shows a high-speed vortex flow. The combustion reaction mainly occurs in the centre of the furnace. Since the heat transfer in the furnace is mainly influenced by the gas flow, the high-temperature zone shows a U-shaped distribution and is mainly around the centre of the region, the oxygen lance outlet, and the furnace wall.

Investigation on lateral dispersion characteristics of fuel particles in dense phase zone of a large-scale circulating fluidized bed boiler under combustion conditions

The dispersion characteristics of fuel particles in the dense phase zone in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers have an important influence on bed temperature distribution and pollutant emissions. However, previous research in literature was mostly on small-scale apparatus, whose results could not be applied directly to large-scale CFB with multiple dispersion sources. To help solve this problem, we proposed a novel method to estimate the lateral dispersion coefficient (Dx) of fuel particles under partial coal cut-off condition in a 350 MW supercritical CFB boiler based on combustion and dispersion models. Meanwhile, we carried out experiments to obtain the Dx in the range of 0.1218–0.1406 m2/s. Numerical simulations were performed and the influence of operating conditions and furnace structure on fuel dispersion characteristics was investigated, the simulation value of Dx was validated against experimental data. Results revealed that the distribution of bed temperature caused by the fuel dispersion was mainly formed by char combustion. Because of the presence of intermediate water-cooled partition wall, the mixing and dispersion of fuel and bed material particles between the left and right sides of the furnace were hindered, increasing the non-uniformity of the bed temperature near furnace front wall.

Numerical Investigation of Burden Distribution in Hydrogen Blast Furnace

Hydrogen injection is a promising technology currently under development to reduce CO2 emissions in ironmaking blast furnaces (BFs). Therefore, hydrogen BF is studied by a recent process model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It focuses on the effect of peripheral opening extent (POE), which represents the coke amount near the furnace wall. The simulations consider a 380 m3 BF operated with hydrogen injection through both shaft and hearth tuyeres. The overall performance of the BF is analyzed in terms of the inner states. It shows that increasing POE hinders the pre-reduction and pre-heating roles of shaft-injected hydrogen (SIH) but improves the CO indirect reduction rate. An optimum peripheral opening extent can be identified to achieve a maximum hot metal (HM) temperature, relatively low bed pressure, and good gas utilization. The interaction between SIH flow rate and burden distribution is also quantified. It shows that the increase in SIH flow rate slows down the CO indirect reduction rate but enhances the H2 indirect reduction rate. These opposite trends account for the less variation of HM temperature with POE as the SIH flow rate increases. This variation becomes trivial at relatively large SIH flow rates and small POEs. Overall, the POE affects the cohesive zones more than the SIH flow rate. However, under the conditions considered, both variables cannot significantly improve the penetration of the shaft injection, the effect of which is generally confined within the peripheral region.

The Making of Bikini Glass in Bida, Nigeria: Ethnography, Chemical Composition, and Archaeology

This paper discusses the process, prospects, and challenges of making bikini glass in Bida (Nupeland), central Nigeria. The Masagá glassmakers of Bida provide the ideal case study for investigating the production of bikini. Nineteenth-century Arab and European writings have described glassmaking in Nupeland; however, with the exception of the study carried out by Peter Robertshaw and his colleagues in 2009, there is no work that identifies the raw materials and formula used to produce bikini glass. Our recent ethnographic work at Bida provided the opportunities to collect raw glass, beads, and unfused raw material for bikini glass as well as vitrified furnace wall fragments for analysis. We present results of binocular observation and chemical compositional analysis conducted on the raw materials, glass products, and furnace remains to understand the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of various materials connected with the production of bikini. From the manufacture of glass to that of glass ornaments, bracelets, and beads, the documentation of the work of Masagá glassmakers provides new data for the history of glass and its techniques. This information is relevant for understanding glassworking in the past. The paper also addresses issues relating to migration, technology transfer, and culture contact between Nupeland and its neighbors in the Lower Niger region. It argues that the investigation of the production of bikini glass in Bida is essential for expanding our knowledge of the archaeology of glassmaking and glassworking in Sub-Saharan Africa and beyond.

Thermal shock resistance of additively manufactured gas-permeable SiO2 ceramic structures for HIP-quench applications

The increasing demand for hot isostatic pressing (HIP) means that a reliable and efficient operation of modern HIP units with fast cool capability is indispensable. A key factor for efficient operation is the ceramic crucible used as the load basket. Its task is to keep as much of the HIPed parts as possible effectively within the hot zone and to prevent them touching the furnace wall. This work focuses on designing a gas-permeable ceramic structure with a high thermal shock resistance that can be scaled up to a load basket for future HIP applications. Stereolithography (SL) 3D printing of a ceramic resin is employed to build various scalable framework structures inspired by nature and by existing engineering applications. Thermal shock tests with water quenching reveal that framework structures with evenly distributed triangular bracings offer the highest flexural strength, whereas auxetic structures are best at retaining their flexural strength after thermal shock.

Experimental study on the influence of fuel-rich and fuel-lean coal/airflow ratio on aerodynamic characteristics of a 300MWe foster wheeler down-fired boiler

Abstract To address the problem of late ignition and poor burnout of Foster-Wheeler down-fired boilers, this study proposed a new combustion technology, which combines adding on arch secondary air and alternately arranging the fuel-lean coal/airflow (FLCA) and fuel-rich coal/airflow (FRCA). The coal particle trajectories of FLCA and FRCA and overall aerodynamic characteristics in the furnace were studied at FRCA and FLCA ratio (R RL) of 5:5, 7:3, and 9:1. The results showed that even at a low FRCA ratio, the new combustion technology could still effectively ensure the penetration depth of pulverised coal/airflow. At different R RL values, the main airflow from the arch appeared in the near-wall area and could penetrate downwards into the cold ash hopper area. With an increase in the value of R RL, the deflection degree of FLCA towards the furnace wall increased, while that of FRCA decreased. At R RL of 7:3, both the penetration depth and deflection degree of FRCA and FLCA were at a high level, which was conductive to promoting the burnout and recommended in practical applications.

Metallurgical Study of Iron Artifacts from Guryong-ri Site in Ungcheon, Boryeong

In the 6<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> centuries, 5 iron artifacts excavated form the Baekje Stone Tomb in Guryong-ri site, Ungcheon, Boryeong, were studied. The sample were metal microscopic observation, SEM-EDS analysis and Raman micro-spectroscopy analysis were conducted to understand the metallurgical characteristics. The microstructure observation showed the presence of ferrite and pearlite throughout, and differences in carbon content existed depending on the direction. Non-metallic inclusions were in the form of long lines, and most of them were wüstite, fayalite. It is indicated that the artifacts were forge welded using hypoeutectoid steel, with signs of carburizing and decarburizing processes. Some crystals with high P2<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, CaO content were identified as sarcopside, ulvöspinel, and perovskite, respectively, through Raman spectroscopy. A comparison of the results with previous studies on the sites of Bujang-ri site in Seosan and Bongseon-ri site in Seocheon, which are adjacent sites in the coastal area, revealed that, while heat treatment technology was available, the artifacts were not heat-treated considering the purpose for use for these artifacts. The chemical composition of the non-metallic inclusions P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, CaO were plotted in proportions to SiO<sub>2</sub> and compared with adjacent sites. Considering that the P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> ratio was widely distributed, the refining technology was not uniform. In addition, the TiO<sub>2</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> ratio was found to be higher than that of other sites, meaning that a titanium-containing ore was used to manufacture the artifacts, unlike in surrounding sites, but it is not detected in all artifacts, so it may have been affected by various factors such as furnace walls in addition to raw materials. Although slag formers were used, considering the CaO/SiO<sub>2</sub> ratio and the (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>)/(CaO/SiO<sub>2</sub>) ratio, which appear to be similar to the surrounding sites, but it is possible that CaO containing raw ore was used because it is also affected by the components of raw ore. As a result of the study, it is highly likely that ore different from that of the surrounding sites was used for production, but a more comprehensive comparative study with the surrounding sites is needed in the future.

Theoretical and Numerical Research on Heat Transfer Mechanism and Temperature Characteristics of Electric Rotary Alumina Kiln

Abstract Electric rotary kiln is one of the key equipment in the chemical industry, which is mainly used for heating materials. In the current research, the heat calculation method of the electric rotary alumina kiln is constructed, and the heat transfer processes in the furnace, the furnace tube, and the furnace tube wall are systematically analyzed. The theoretical model of the electric rotary alumina kiln is established and solved by the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method, and the temperature rise curves in the kiln are obtained. The numerical simulation is carried out to investigate the temperature distribution of materials and gases in the furnace tube. It is revealed in the results that the temperature distribution of the electric rotary alumina kiln is more uniform than that of the internal rotary kiln, and the stable operation state can be reached in a very short time, which means that reduced furnace tube length and reduced production cost can be achieved under the same roasting requirements.

Prediction of H2S corrosion depth for water-cooled wall in lower furnace of utility boiler

The presence of H2S near the water-cooled wall of utility boiler can lead to accelerated corrosion wastage on the furnace wall. While the existing evaluation of annual corrosion wastage caused by H2S is not suitable for the boiler that operated in a wide load range. In this study, a novel H2S corrosion model is developed to predict the metal wastage of water-cooled walls in the lower furnace. Three key independent variables including metal temperature, H2S concentration and corrosion time are considered simultaneously. Based on the experimental corrosion data of pure Fe and boiler steel SA213-T2, the prediction model is represented by a mathematical equation derived from the regression analysis. The validation of this equation is conducted by comparing the predicted and lab-scale corrosion depths, and a reasonable agreement is obtained. The single-factor analyses indicate that the corrosion depth of SA213-T2 almost increases linearly with the increase of H2S concentration, and the growth rate of corrosion depth could raise as the metal temperature increases. Under the extreme condition that temperature as 773 K and H2S as 800 ppm, the predicted annual corrosion depth of SA213-T2 is 1129 μm. In practical terms, the annual corrosion wastage should be calculated by summing the sub-wastages formed during different periods of a year. The predictive model proposed in this study could play an indispensable role in the sub-wastage calculation and benefit the estimation of the annual corrosion wastage.

CFD SIMULATION COMPARISON OF BOILER COMBUSTION TEMPERATURE USING CONVENTIONAL COMBUSTION AIR AND OXY-FUEL COMBUSTION

The burning of fossil fuels is the cause of the largest carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the world today. CO2 emissions may cause the greenhouse effect and global countermeasures. Boilers are steam generators that use fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas in their environment. The boiler itself is commonly used in power plants and industrial steam generators. In its operation, conventional boilers fueled by natural gas use air for the combustion system where the content of Nitrogen (N2) gas in ordinary air reaches 79% which dissolves CO2 gas in the exhaust gas so that the CO2 gas is carried into the atmosphere. Several technologies that aim to reduce CO2 emissions include pre-combustion, post-combustion, and combustion of oxygen fuel. Numerical methods such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are used because the oxy-fuel technology has limited use in the industrial and utility world, and requires large procurement costs. Based on the simulation results, the combustion temperature in the fire system in 1917 o C originating from the combustion system, the resulting temperature is 1857 o C. Even so, the temperature distribution in the oxyfuel combustion system is more even in the combustion system so that the combustion system will be better. This is evidenced by the comparison of temperature comparison graphs on each furnace wall. The result was an increase in the temperature of the wall furnace by 5 o C to 20 o C.