Full Cancellation Research Articles

The responses of the supply and demand sides of new energy vehicles to subsidy removal: Empirical evidence from China

The policy-driven development of China’s new energy vehicle (NEV) has been accompanied by significant fluctuations in the industrial chain due to the substantial fiscal subsidy removal. The study aims to examine the impact that three typical fiscal subsidy removal events enacted by China’s government have on various segments of the NEV industrial chain. The three events were enacted in 2016 (a 20% reduction and a limit for local subsidies), 2018 (raising the threshold, no subsidies for range below 150 km, and a 4-month transitional period), and 2019 (a 50% reduction, full cancelation of local subsidies, and a 3-month transitional period). This is done by applying the event study method and a difference-in-difference framework to finance data from capital market and sales data traffic management bureau. Empirical evidence suggests that, on the supply side, the three removal policies have caused various negative influences on companies involved in the industrial chain, with the midstream (e.g. battery, motor, and electric control) being the component of the chain affected the most by the policy removal. On the demand side, the events in 2016 and 2019 have decreased the vehicle sales in NEV pilot cities nationwide. Rather than discouraging consumer purchases, however, the event in 2018 has counter-intuitively boosted vehicle sales due to proper establishment of the transitional period (in comparison to 2019) of the policy. Further, NEV sales in cities with small population are found to be more dependent on government fiscal subsidies. We offer management suggestions and make policy recommendations for subsidy removal.

Assessing breast cancer screening results through the lens of COVID-19 pandemic.

e22507 Background: In January, 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak as the first global health emergency. Lockdowns and restrictive procedures with the full and partial cancellation of preventive measures, including breast cancer (BC) screening, took place in Kazakhstan in 2020-2021. Purpose of this study: to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on BC screening results. Methods: The main screening indicators before (2018-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) were studied: planned coverage and number of examined patients, the proportion of BI-RADS categories (where BI-RADS categories 4-5 are accepted as suspicious for malignancy, additional imaging by ultrasound and/or mammography followed biopsy is recommended), the number of detected cancer cases, the stage of the disease according to the screening database and the Electronic Cancer Registry. Results: 1,624,667 women underwent BC screening in 2018-2019 (96.2% of the planned amount of 1,688,829 women). 1,532,591 (79.4%) women were examined in 2020-2021, though the planned amount was 1,930,515. Before the epidemic, 23,296 patients received BI-RADS categories 4-5 (1.43% from examined women) and were referred for additional ultrasound and mammography examination, in 2020-2021 – 25,008 women (1.63%). 74.2% (1,205,094 women) had BI-RADS category 1 in 2018-2019 and 63.4% (971,754 patients) – during the pandemic. In 2018-2019 - 3,377 BC cases were detected (cancer detection rate was 2.0 per 1000 investigations). In 2020-2021 - 2,474 BC cases were identified (cancer detection rate 1.6 per 1000 investigations). Proportion of screen-detected cancers in stage 0-I was 45.1% in 2018-2019 and 47.5% in 2020-2021. During the pandemic, the number of participants who underwent BC screening significantly decreased (by 20.6% of the planned). The level of cancer detection decreased too (by 22.8%). There was an increase in patients requiring further examination (BI-RADS categories 4-5) and decrease the number women with BI-RADS 1. With an increase in indications for additional ultrasound and radiological examination, the number of revealed cancers reduced by 1.5 times (in 2018-2019, 14.5% patients with BI-RADS categories 4-5 had BC confirmed, in 2020-2021 – only 9.9%). Conclusions: BC screening has been significantly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, attention should be paid to the increase in overdiagnosis of mammographic pathology, possibly due to an increase in the density of breast tissue on the background of nonspecific inflammation accompanied by lymphadenopathy. The impact of COVID-19 on BC is still unknown. Further research will be needed to confirm the link between COVID-19 and mammography picture and BC.

153P The role of screening in the timely diagnosis of breast cancer in the COVID-19 pandemic context

Breast cancer (BC) ranks first in the structure of cancer incidence among women in Kazakhstan. Mammography screening was implemented in 2008. Lockdowns and restrictive procedures with the full and partial cancellation of screening, took place in Kazakhstan in 2020-2021.

Positive-Sequence Voltage Control, Full Negative-Sequence Cancellation, and Current Limitation for Static Compensators

This article presents a control scheme in the stationary reference frame for static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs) that provide three features: 1) regulation of the positive-sequence voltage to the nominal value; 2) full cancellation of the negative-sequence voltage; and 3) peak limitation of the injected currents. These features can help to improve the performance of these devices under perturbed grid conditions, including low, high, and unbalanced voltages. Also, the peak current limiter guarantees both the safe operation of the converter and a priority-based achievement of the voltage regulation targets, which is of interest during severe perturbations like voltage dips. Experimental results, implementation details, and closed-loop analysis are presented to validate the regulation capabilities and demonstrate the feasibility of the power quality improvement.

Competition between baroclinic instability and Ekman transport under varying buoyancy forcings in upwelling systems: An idealized analog to the Southern Ocean.

AbstractCoastal upwelling rates are classically determined by the intensity of the upper-ocean offshore Ekman transport. But (sub-)mesoscale turbulence modulates offshore transport, hence the net upwelling rate. Eddy effects generally oppose the Ekman circulation, resulting in so-called “eddy cancellation”, a process well studied in the Southern Ocean. Here we investigate how air-sea heat/buoyancy fluxes modulate eddy cancellation in an idealized upwelling model. We run CROCO simulations with constant winds but varying heat fluxes with and without submesoscale-rich turbulence. Eddy cancellation is consistently evaluated with three different methods that all account for the quasi-isopycnal nature of ocean circulation away from the surface. For zero heat fluxes the release of available potential energy by baroclinic instabilities is strongest and leads, near the coast, to nearly full cancellation of the Ekman cross-shore circulation by eddy effects, i.e., zero net mean upwelling flow. With increasing heat fluxes eddy cancellation is reduced and the transverse flow progressively approaches the classical Ekman circulation. Sensitivity of the eddy circulation to synoptic changes in air-sea heat fluxes is felt down to 125 m depth despite short experiments of tens of days. Mesoscale dynamics dominate the cancellation effect in our simulations which might also hold for the real ocean as the relevant processes act below the surface boundary layer. Although the idealized setting overemphasis the role of eddies and thus studies with more realistic settings should follow, our findings have important implications for the overall understanding of upwelling system dynamics.

Racial Capitalism and the Black Student Loan Debt Crisis

Background/ContextStudent loans reflect a larger shift in U.S. society in which people are forced to go into debt for basic needs. Student loan debt in the United States has been recognized as a political economic crisis that disproportionately devastates Black people. Scholars have statistically reported on racialized and gendered stratification in student loan outcomes and several name the racial wealth gap as the main contributing factor to the Black student debt crisis. Yet minimal attention has been dedicated to examining, let alone theorizing, the logics and systemic forces that racialize debt in higher education.PurposeDrawing on a theory of racial capitalism, this article fills analytic and theoretical gaps in the study of the Black student debt crisis by detailing how the crisis has been arranged as well as how it functions to constrain, dispossess, and exploit Black people.Research DesignThis article offers a corrective history, systematic analysis, and theoretical explanation of the Black student debt crisis.Findings/ResultsThe paper draws on racial capitalism to account for how student loans as a policy has relied on anti-Black racial logics and systemic forces. The authors address how Black educational desires are co-opted, the government configures inclusion according to predatory terms, and the student loan industry forms a debt trap that exploits repayment struggles. While the majority of Black people who enroll in higher education never secure the promise of college as always “worth it,” the arrangement continues to be worthwhile for student loan profiteers. Student loans are perfect for racial capitalism because they answer demands for social access and inclusion (which are already reduced to mean credentialism) and reproduce both the disposability and dispossession of Black people's everyday lives.Conclusions/RecommendationsThe authors call for the full cancellation of student loan debt. This call forms part of a larger mobilization to abolish the racist logics, processes, and policies that make the Black student debt crisis and Black precarity possible in the first place.

Implementing Nature-Based Solutions in Rural Landscapes: Barriers Experienced in the PHUSICOS Project

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are becoming increasingly important in both the EU and individual countries’ political agendas, as a sustainable means to reduce the risk posed by hydrometeorological hazards. However, as the use of NBS is increasing, a number of barriers regarding their practical implementation also become apparent. A number of review studies have summarized and classified barriers, mainly in urban settings. PHUSICOS is a Horizon 2020 Innovation Action to demonstrate the use of NBS in rural and mountain landscapes. Large-scale demonstrator case sites with several sub-projects are established in Italy, Norway and in the French and Spanish Pyrenees. The present paper describes the project’s NBS measures and their experienced barriers, some of which have resulted in full cancellation of the planned interventions. Many of the barriers experienced in rural settings have the same root causes as the ones described from urban areas, and the main barrier-creating mechanisms are institutional factors, resistance among stakeholders and technical and economic issues. The key element, however, is the lack of knowledge about the ability of NBS to deliver a series of co-benefits in addition to their risk-reducing effects and that long-term thinking is required to see the effect of many of these co-benefits.

On the Comparison and Evaluation of Some Basic Regulator Design Methods

All existing basic regulator design methods are summarized in this paper and compared concerning their usability and formal algebraic formulations. First the regulators based on state-feedback is discussed. These regulators mostly use pole placement, sometimes with full pole cancellation. The other versions are based on characteristic polynomial design, which is a feedback regulator design method. Another class of the regulators are based on the Youla-parameterization, which is sometimes called Q-parameterization. Then it is shortly summarized how a Youla regulator is computed. Finally it is systematically proved that the best usable method is the Youla-parameterization based regulator design introduced by the authors.

Role of Timetable, Rolling Stock Rescheduling, and Information Strategies to Passengers in Public Transport Disruptions

In the event of public transport disruption, operating companies produce disposition timetables depending on different rescheduling strategies, such as retiming or rerouting, with services fully/partially cancelled, and also taking into account more complex, adjusted, feasible rolling stock circulation. The aim is to reduce passengers’ delays, thereby limiting detriment to passengers’ activities and their related satisfaction. The key relation between the supply of operating companies and passengers’ satisfaction is information disseminated about running services. This paper innovatively combines an optimization model and an agent-based micro-simulation model (MATSim) to explore passengers’ (dis)satisfaction with different disposition timetables and information strategies, which is helpful for operating companies to offer better services to passengers in cases of public transport disruption. Activity-based agent behaviors in a multi-modal network are simulated and agents’ delays and scores for the city of Zürich, Switzerland, analyzed. Passengers’ (dis)satisfaction is indicated by their delays in the directly affected (i.e., disrupted) trip and utility for their whole trips and activities estimated by a score function. Disruption results in immediate delays for passengers whose planned services fail to run, plus delays for passengers on the line where extra services are planned to run (rerouted). The earlier information on the disposition timetable is disseminated to passengers, the higher their satisfaction during disruption. Compared with full cancellation of train services, computing a precise feasible rolling stock circulation able to handle partial train cancellations can significantly benefit passengers, especially those whose planned services are disrupted, against minor delays incurred by other group of passengers.

БИО-ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СТАТУС СТАРЕНИЯ: АТАВИЗМ ИЛИ АДАПТАЦИЯ?

The aim of the article is to reveal the bio-ontological essence of the process of aging. Even today aging is often viewed as a counterbiological process that is opposed to the self-preservation and homeostasis of the living. This leads to a reductionist understanding of the essence of aging, its equalization to a physical or chemical phenomenon in its nature (for example, biological consequences of the second law of thermodynamics) or to a genocentrical paradigm when it is understood just as an installed hereditary program. The article justifies a different point of view: aging, undoubtedly demonstrating negative aspects and being part of the “insufficiency” of the living, has, nevertheless, a purely biological, adaptive meaning. The author first of all uses dialectical and system methods in order to show that aging is a contradictory process which has both positive and negative effects on biological structures of different levels and to use an old idea that every biological system is much more than a simple sum of its parts. The research proves that aging is not purely destructive but has an important role in maintaining biological homeostasis. A number of phenomena (autophagy, cell apoptosis, work of immunity, etc.) show that the higher level of organization of life exists largely due to control over the number and multiplication of elements on the underlying level, to the active containment of their proliferation. It is important not only for the existence of multicellular organisms but also for superorganism systems (population, biocenosis, ecosystem, etc.). Aging, therefore, can be viewed as a “slow” variant of “phenoptosis” (V.P. Skulachev) not only because of destructive physicochemical tendencies growing inside the organism with time, but rather because of more “sophisticated” processes of biological autopoiesis. Living is not just a static self-preserving, but a system dynamically reproducing by self “re-assembly”, in which the survival of the whole dialectically involves the periodical dying of certain parts. Aging and death of elements are among foundations for their collective endosymbiosis within a holistic biosystem; thus, aging cannot be reduced, for instance, to the process of a simple growth of entropy. In some way, aging shows that death (as its result) is not only an opposition of life but is incorporated in it, too. Moreover, aging is also dialectically balanced by protective and regenerative processes (the concept “vitauсt” by V.V. Frolkis), which permanently try to compensate its negative impact. Probably, the main line of future medical progress in the sphere of aging will be connected with these processes’ activization. Consequently, it can be concluded that aging is not a harmful atavism but rather a kind of complex adaptation. Therefore, it is not aging itself but the intention to its full cancellation that is a contra-biological tendency. Aging can be viewed as a vivid example of a deep dialectical, truly Heraclitian, unity of such contradictions as life and death, when self-preservation of the living goes through the limitation or dying of its particular components.

Measurement of W^{pm }-boson and Z-boson production cross-sections in pp collisions at sqrt{s}=2.76\xa0TeV with the ATLAS detector

The production cross-sections for W^{pm } and Z bosons are measured using ATLAS data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.0 pb^{-1} collected at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt{s}=2.76 TeV. The decay channels W rightarrow ell nu and Z rightarrow ell ell are used, where ell can be an electron or a muon. The cross-sections are presented for a fiducial region defined by the detector acceptance and are also extrapolated to the full phase space for the total inclusive production cross-section. The combined (average) total inclusive cross-sections for the electron and muon channels are: σW+→ℓνtot=2312±26(stat.)±27(syst.)±72(lumi.)±30(extr.)pb,σW-→ℓνtot=1399±21(stat.)±17(syst.)±43(lumi.)±21(extr.)pb,σZ→ℓℓtot=323.4±9.8(stat.)±5.0(syst.)±10.0(lumi.)±5.5(extr.)pb.\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{amsmath}\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{wasysym}\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{amsfonts}\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{amssymb}\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{amsbsy}\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{mathrsfs}\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{upgreek}\t\t\t\t\\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\t\t\t\t\\begin{document}$$\\begin{aligned} \\sigma ^{\\text {tot}}_{W^{+}\\rightarrow \\ell \\nu }= & {} 2312 \\pm 26\\ (\\text {stat.})\\\\&\\pm 27\\ (\\text {syst.}) \\pm 72\\ (\\text {lumi.}) \\pm 30\\ (\\text {extr.})~\\text {pb} , \\\\ \\sigma ^{\\text {tot}}_{W^{-}\\rightarrow \\ell \\nu }= & {} 1399 \\pm 21\\ (\\text {stat.})\\ \\pm 17\\ (\\text {syst.}) \\\\&\\pm 43\\ (\\text {lumi.}) \\pm 21\\ (\\text {extr.})~\\text {pb} , \\\\ \\sigma ^{\\text {tot}}_{Z \\rightarrow \\ell \\ell }= & {} 323.4 \\pm 9.8\\ (\\text {stat.}) \\pm 5.0\\ (\\text {syst.})\\\\&\\pm 10.0\\ (\\text {lumi.}) \\pm 5.5 (\\text {extr.}) ~\\text {pb} . \\end{aligned}$$\\end{document}Measured ratios and asymmetries constructed using these cross-sections are also presented. These observables benefit from full or partial cancellation of many systematic uncertainties that are correlated between the different measurements.

Effect of systemic enzyme therapy on clinical manifestations of inflammation in gonarthrosis

Despite a significant number of studies on various schemes of OA therapy, there are only some studies with the use of systemic enzyme therapy (ETS) in combination with NSAIDs and / or SYSADOA. The aim was to study the effect of different groups of drugs (NSAIDs, ETS, SYSADOA) on the clinical course of gonarthrosis, as well as to develop an algorithm for the choice of treatment tactics depending on the clinical and sonographic manifestations of this disease. Methods. The data of 46 patients with stage I and stage II OA of Kellgren-Lawrence were analyzed. Patients of the first group received combined oral therapy with chondroitin sulfate (HS) 500 mg 2 times a day and glucosamine sulfate (GS) 750 mg 2 times a day in combination with selective NSAIDs. The second group of patients received combined therapy of HS 500 mg 2 times a day with the GS 750 mg 2 times daily together with Phlogenzym (PL), 2 tablets 3 times a day. All patients included in the study were examined initially, after 8 and 12 weeks. Procedures included clinical (VAS, WOMAC) and instrumental methods with the use of ultrasound of joints to evaluate the pathology of soft tissues and detect synovitis.. Results. Comparing groups 1 (HS, GS and NSAIDs) and 2 (HS and GS together with PL) on the effect on the structural state of cartilage and the dynamics of the main ultrasonic manifestations of OA knee joint, it should be noted that the effectiveness of drugs HS and GS in combination with enzyme therapy was higher, because in this group of treatment of synovitis decreased, whereas in the group of HS and GS, together with NSAIDs, these parameters either increased or remained unchanged. Conclusions. The use of polyenzyme drugs significantly increases the effectiveness of complex therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joints. In patients with gonarthrosis treated with a combination of chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine sulfate and phlogenzym was observed a significant reduction in the severity of synovitis, as well as more frequent lower daily dose of the selective NSAID or their full cancellation, compared with a control group of patients treated with symptomatic drugs retardation in combination with NSAIDs. (For citation: Mazurov VI, Dorovskikh AG, Trofimov EA. Effect of systemic enzyme therapy on clinical manifestations of inflammation in gonarthrosis. Herald of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2018;10(2):107-112).

Tunable Single-Passband Microwave Photonic Filter Based on Integrated Optical Double Notch Filter

A novel-integration-based technique employing a cascaded pair of microring resonators on silicon-on-insulator platform that can achieve a tunable single-passband microwave photonic filter with improved shape factor and extinction ratio is presented. It is based on an integrated optical double notch filter using a cascaded pair of nonidentical microring resonators, in conjunction with optical phase modulation. This results in minimal net phase being introduced by the overall filter at radio frequencies falling outside the region of the notch stopband, thus enabling nearly full antiphase cancellation of the modulation sidebands, which results in the achievement of an improved filter shape factor and extinction ratio. Additionally, it features a bandwidth that is directly determined by the difference between the bandwidths of the two optical notch filters, rather than by their absolute individual bandwidths. Experimental results have verified the concept, and have demonstrated a single-passband filter having tuning range of 6–17 GHz, a shape factor of 1.78, shape-invariant tuning, and a good out-of-band suppression ratio of approximately 20 dB throughout the entire tuning range.

In-Band Full-Duplex Multimode Lens-Loaded Eight-Arm Spiral Antenna

A multimode lens-loaded eight-arm spiral aperture is proposed for in-band full-duplex applications. Specifically, the single eight-arm spiral antenna is composed of a four-arm spiral for transmitting (TX) and a 45° spatially rotated four-arm spiral for receiving (RX). The eight-arm spiral antenna is connected into two $4 \times 4$ Butler matrix beamforming networks (BFNs) to differentiate between the TX and RX arms/ports and distinguish their functionalities. In the absence of BFN imbalances and antenna geometry asymmetries, the isolation is theoretically infinite due to full cancellation at the RX antenna ports and RX beamformer ports. This approach also enables diverse co-polarized TX and RX radiation modes while maintaining theoretically infinite isolation. The considered spiral aperture modes are mode 1, with a broadside pattern, and modes 2 and 3, with conical patterns. The aperture is loaded with a hyperhemispherical dielectric lens to improve the far-field performance. The operational principles are discussed first under ideal conditions, followed by the computational and experimental results. Average measured isolation >38 dB is achieved over 3:1, 1.5:1, and 1.3:1 bandwidths for the radiating TX and RX modes 1–3, respectively. Once the TX and RX are driven with identical modes, similar radiation patterns with high envelope correlation coefficient are obtained.

Localised estimation and control of linear instabilities in two-dimensional wall-bounded shear flows

A new framework is presented for estimation and control of instabilities in wall-bounded shear flows described by the linearised Navier–Stokes equations. The control design considers the use of localised actuators/sensors to account for convective instabilities in an ${\mathcal{H}}_{2}$ optimal control framework. External sources of disturbances are assumed to enter the control domain through the inflow. A new inflow disturbance model is proposed for external excitation of the perturbation modes that contribute to transition. This model allows efficient estimation of the flow perturbations within the localised control region of a conceptually unbounded domain. The state-space discretisation of the infinite-dimensional system is explicitly obtained, which allows application of linear control theoretic tools. A reduced-order model is subsequently derived using exact balanced truncation that captures the input/output behaviour and the dominant perturbation dynamics. This model is used to design an ${\mathcal{H}}_{2}$ optimal controller to suppress the instability growth. The two-dimensional non-periodic channel flow is considered as an application case. Disturbances are generated upstream of the control domain and the resulting flow perturbations are estimated/controlled using point wall shear measurements and localised unsteady blowing and suction at the wall. The controller is able to cancel the perturbations and is robust to both unmodelled disturbances and sensor inaccuracies. For single-frequency and multiple-frequency disturbances with low sensor noise a nearly full cancellation is achieved. For stochastic forced disturbances and high sensor noise an energy reduction in perturbation wall shear stress of 96 % is shown.

Strategic down-regulation of attentional resources as a mechanism of proactive response inhibition.

Efficiently avoiding inappropriate actions in a changing environment is central to cognitive control. One mechanism contributing to this ability is the deliberate slowing down of responses in contexts where full response cancellation might occasionally be required, referred to as proactive response inhibition. The present electroencephalographic (EEG) study investigated the role of attentional processes in proactive response inhibition in humans. To this end, we compared data from a standard stop-signal task, in which stop signals required response cancellation ('stop-relevant'), to data where possible stop signals were task-irrelevant ('stop-irrelevant'). Behavioral data clearly indicated the presence of proactive slowing in the standard stop-signal task. A novel single-trial analysis was used to directly model the relationship between response time and the EEG data of the go-trials in both contexts within a multilevel linear models framework. We found a relationship between response time and amplitude of the attention-related N1 component in stop-relevant blocks, a characteristic that was fully absent in stop-irrelevant blocks. Specifically, N1 amplitudes were lower the slower the response time, suggesting that attentional resources were being strategically down-regulated to control response speed. Drift diffusion modeling of the behavioral data indicated that multiple parameters differed across the two contexts, likely suggesting the contribution from independent brain mechanisms to proactive slowing. Hence, the attentional mechanism of proactive response control we report here might coexist with known mechanisms that are more directly tied to motoric response inhibition. As such, our study opens up new research avenues also concerning clinical conditions that feature deficits in proactive response inhibition.

백홀 시스템에서 시스템 레벨 시뮬레이션 기반 하이브리드 수신기 설계 및 성능 분석

폭발적으로 증가하고 있는 모바일 데이터 트래픽을 수용하기 위하여 셀 간 간섭을 제어할 수 있는 향상된 수신기에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 이를 위해 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project) 에서는 인접 셀의 간섭 신호를 억제 및 제거하여 수신기의 SINR(Signal-to-Noise-plus-Interference Ratio)을 향상시켜 수신 성능을 올리는 NAICS(Network Assisted Interference Cancellation and Suppression)가 표준에서 논의되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이웃셀로 부터 간섭의 영향을 줄이기 위하여 연판정 기반의 향상된 수신기를 제안한다. 제안한 수신기는 MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) 또는 IRC (Interference Rejection Combing) 수신기를 통해 간섭 신호의 불편 추정 (unbiased estimation) 값을 계산 하고 간섭 신호를 억제 및 제거한다. 간섭 신호는 LLR (Log-Likelihood Ratio)로 표현되는 소프트 정보를 통해 업데이트 한다. 시스템 레벨 시뮬레이션은 3GPP LTE-Advanced 하향링크 시스템의 20㎒ 대역을 기반으로 이루어 졌으며, 시뮬레이션 결과 제안한 수신기를 통해 기존 수신기보다 SINR, 전송률 및 스펙트럼 효율 측면에서 성능 향상을 가져다주는 것을 확인하였다.

On the stability of sparse convolutions

We give a stability result for sparse convolutions on ℓ 2 ( G ) × ℓ 1 ( G ) for torsion-free discrete Abelian groups G such as Z . It turns out, that the torsion-free property prevents full cancellation in the convolution of sparse sequences and hence allows to establish stability, that is, injectivity with an universal lower norm bound, which only depends on the support cardinalities of the sequences. This can be seen as a reverse statement of the Young inequality for sparse convolutions. Our result hinges on a compression argument in additive set theory.

An intercausal cancellation model for Bayesian-network engineering

When constructing Bayesian networks with domain experts, network engineers often use the noisy-OR model, and causal interaction models more generally, to alleviate the burden of probability elicitation: the use of such a model serves to reduce the number of probabilities to be elicited on the one hand, and on the other hand forestalls experts having to give assessments for probabilities with compound conditions which they feel are hard to envision. Recently, we have shown that ill-considered use of the noisy-OR model specifically can substantially decrease a network's performance, especially in domains in which causal mechanisms include cancellation effects. Motivated by this observation, we designed a new causal interaction model, with the same engineering advantages as the noisy-OR model, to describe such effects. We detail properties of our intercausal cancellation model, and compare it against existing causal interaction models. We further illustrate the application of our model in the real-world domain of pharmacology. • An intercausal cancellation model is developed for Bayesian-network engineering. • Full, partial, one-sided and mutual cancellation can be modelled. • Our model is better capable to model cancellation than the RNOR and NIN-AND models.

사이드홀 시스템에서 안테나 배열 설계 및 하이브리드 수신기

Recently, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed sidehaul system to cope with the explosively increasing mobile data traffic. The sidehaul system is based on single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FMDA) due to its low peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Also, antenna array is designed to support multiple input multiple output (MIMO) in a restricted space. In this paper, we design the antenna array about uniform linear array (ULA), uniform circular array (UCA) and uniform planar array (UPA), and analysis the performance in sidehaul system. In addition, we propose the novel hybrid receiver full suppression cancellation (FSC) to reduce the interference from neighbor cell in sidehaul system. The proposed receiver can suppress and cancel the interference by combining interference rejection combining (IRC) with successive interference cancellation (SIC).