Enhancing ion transport through Metal-Organic-Framework (MOF) membranes is becoming increasingly important in various research fields, such as heavy metal separation from water, CO 2 absorption, and energy conversion. Using two-dimensional metal-organic framework (2D MOF) material has received tremendous attention in the salinity gradient power (SGP) and molecular separation due to its high surface area, tunable pore size, chemical stability, and flexibility. However, low ion flux is crucial yet challenging with standard 2D nanomaterial, due to limited pore, long ion path, and low ion selectivity. The insertion of nanofiber into 2D nanoporous Cu-TCPP membrane can generate interconnections between the interplanar nanofibers and the lamellar 2D nanoporous MOF membrane, introducing a fixed space‑charge density of –1.0×10⁷ C m⁻³ and resulting in increased mechanical strength, ion flux, and ion selectivity compared to the pure 2D MOF membrane. This study focuses on MOF/natural nanofiber membrane applied in converse energy from sustainable resource of seawater and river water. Regarding experiment, green and inexpensive natural-based fiber would be used to synthesize nanofiber (NNF) which are then compounded with 2D nanoporous Cu-TCPP to prepare Cu-TCPP@NNF nanofluidic membranes. The experimental results can be validated by means of COMSOL Multiphysics simulations based on the Poisson-Nernst-Planck and Navier-Stokes equations to indicate the effect of NNF on increasing space charge density and enhancing the ion transport through the membrane. Simulation results show that under a 500/10 mM NaCl gradient, the CuTCPP@NNF membrane delivers an opencircuit voltage (Voc) of 43.6 mV and a shortcircuit current (Isc) of 4.25 mA/m, which are 9% and 21% higher than those of the pristine CuTCPP film (40 mV, 3.5 mA/m). COMSOL simulations replicate experimental diffusion voltage within 1% of errors. These quantitative results demonstrate that NNF integration effectively elevates space charge, amplifies ion‑diffusion‑driven potentials and currents.

Highly sensitive chemiluminescence immunoassay utilizing functionalized magnetic metal-organic framework materials for the detection of CEA and CA199.

Facile preparation of metal organic framework material decorated chitosan composite to efficiently rid hazardous dye methyl orange.

Metal-organic framework materials for encapsulation, release and delivery of essential oils: Engineering strategies and challenges

Ligand-regulated PEDOT-based nanoelectrochemical sensor for ultrasensitive and in situ detection of dopamine in single living cells.

Furans-enriched biofuel and NH3-rich gas from catalytic fast pyrolysis of tobacco biomass over metal-organic framework materials catalyst

As porous crystalline materials, covalent organic frameworks, containing an abundant porous structure, can be adopted as host materials for gas adsorption. A series of functionalized covalent organic framework materials, including methoxy-modified COF-A-OMe and vinyl-modified COF-A-Vinyl, have been constructed to compare with original COF-A in terms of regulation of topology and thermal stability. Upon application for CO2 adsorption, improved adsorption properties have been achieved for COF-A-OMe and COF-A-Vinyl materials with functional group modification. This can be ascribed to the large specific surface area and enhanced pore volume of modified COF materials as well as the optimized adsorption advantages based on the interaction between modified functional groups and CO2 molecules. Although a physically dominated adsorption mechanism existed for COF-A, COF-A-OMe, and COF-A-Vinyl, the synergistic role of -C═N- and -CH═CH2 groups in COF-A-Vinyl for CO2 adsorption has been confirmed based on density functional theory (DFT) simulation. This work can extend the application of organic frameworks for gas adsorption with a rational structure design or functional modification.

Nanozymes offer significant advantages, including high stability, straightforward synthesis, and low cost, positioning them as viable alternatives to natural enzymes. However, the limited variety and specificity of nanozymes have been a persistent challenge. In this study, we developed a copper metal-organic framework material (Cu-MOF) using poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles (PAA NPs) as a structural core. We innovatively discovered that sulfonamides (SAs) can function as coenzymes to activate the oxidase-like activity of Cu-MOF. Through multiple experimental approaches, the mechanism underlying the coenzyme-like function of SAs was investigated. The high affinity between SAs and Cu-based nanozymes serves as the substrate-driven foundation, promoting the generation of multiple reactive oxygen species and collaborating with electron transfer processes to accomplish catalytic oxidation. This discovery provides insights for broadening nanozyme substrate diversity and enhancing nanozyme specificity. Given that SAs are among the most widely used antibiotics, their environmental implications necessitate careful consideration. To address this, we concurrently designed a colorimetric sensing system for SAs based on the Cu-MOF nanozyme, integrating it with smartphone camera functionality to enable RGB detection. Additionally, by applying principal component analysis (PCA) to the RGB data, we achieved simultaneous detection and identification of multiple SAs, even in mixed samples. The present study proposes a substrate-driven nanozyme coenzyme theory, also highlights the potential of smartphone-integrated colorimetric sensors for effective visualization and high-throughput detection, thereby broadening the application scope of nanozyme.

The presence of a heteroatom, particularly a nitrogen atom, in a framework material offers manifold advantages such as chelation capacity, Lewis basicity, and efficient hard-soft acid-base coordination. The recent decade has witnessed nitrogen-rich porous organic polymers (POPs) as the most developed, versatile class of porous materials, showing enormous promise as a platform for heterogeneous catalysis, gas capture and fixation, toxic pollutant removal, and energy storage, among others. The POPs are made from a variety of functional organic units linked by high-energy covalent bonds, utilizing sophisticated organic synthesis techniques. A decent number of publications, including reviews, appearing in the recent literature have focused on the facets of synthetic methodologies and their integration into organic transformation reactions, adsorption and separation technologies, and electrode material fabrication. This review aims to assist researchers in designing nitrogen-rich framework materials and correlating structurally divergent nitrogen species and nitrogen (N) content, which are promising for a vast array of applications ranging from catalysis, separation, to energy materials, as this is the need of the hour.

The development of new carbon (CO2) capture materials has emerged as a top-priority transdisciplinary research field. Ideally, CO2 is not only captured and stored (CCS), but also transformed into more valuable organic compounds, because CO2 itself is a cheap, abundant, non-flammable gas and thus an attractive C1 building block. However, activation of this thermodynamically rather stable molecule requires high activation energies. To overcome this energy barrier, activation of the CO double bond is routinely achieved by exploiting a synergetic metal-ligand cooperativity. The most promising candidates from academia or industry revolve around amino-functionalized materials or components featuring metal-nitrogen bonds. Given their natural abundance, low prices and nontoxicity, environmentally friendly materials should ultimately involve light metals. Recently, we found that the cerium pyrazolate [Ce+IV(pzMe2)4]2 is able to insert CO2 exhaustively and reversibly. In general, such nitrogen-rich azolato ligands comprising pyrazolato, triazolato and tetrazolato derivatives exhibit five-membered aromatic ring systems with nucleophilic nitrogen coordination sites. Azolato ligands adopt a wide variety of coordination modes and especially light metal pyrazolates are a well-established class of compounds. Aiming at higher CO2 uptake capacities, the conceptual approach, developed for the heavy metal cerium, has been consequently adapted to the light metals magnesium, aluminium, scandium and titanium. This review gives an overview of light metal pyrazolates and their CO2 insertion behaviour as well as their catalytic activity in the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 and epoxides to cyclic carbonates. In addition, consideration is given to immobilized variants as well as exemplary complexes and metal-organic framework materials derived from nitrogen-richer azoles/azolates.

ABSTRACT Photocatalytic tandem reactions demonstrate considerable potential in fine chemical synthesis, environmental remediation, and energy conversion by integrating multiple reaction steps into a unified process. This technology employs photogenerated charge carriers to drive sequential transformations, achieving simultaneous step economy and atom economy, thereby offering a sustainable approach for green chemical conversion. The properties of the crystalline framework materials are achieved through their customizable structures and active sites, allowing for the synergistic catalysis of multi‐step photocatalytic tandem reactions via nanoconfinement effects, which leads to the simultaneous enhancement of efficiency, selectivity, and stability. This review systematically analyzes the distinctive advantages of metal organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and composites based on organic framework in photocatalytic tandem reactions, with particular emphasis on their innovative implementations in sustainable synthesis, energy transformation, and environmental management. The work elucidates fundamental structure‐property relationships between crystalline framework material characteristics and reaction pathways, establishes theoretical foundations for designing advanced photocatalytic tandem reaction systems, and outlines future research directions in sustainable chemistry applications.

This study evaluated the biomechanical impact of major connector designs and framework materials, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and cobalt-chromium (CoCr), on deformation and mechanical stress distribution in the framework, periodontal ligament (PDL), and supporting mucosa through finite element analysis (FEA). Intraoral data from a patient were obtained via cone beam computed tomography and a master model scan. Two removable partial denture (RPD) designs were modeled: a lingual plate and a lingual bar. A uniform pressure was applied bilaterally, producing a force of 120 N on each side. Deformation and stress distribution were analyzed using ANSYS Workbench FEA. For PEEK frameworks, the bar design reduced deformation in the framework and mucosa compared with the plate design but produced 25% higher PDL deformation. von Mises stress within the framework increased by 24% with the bar, while PDL stress increased by 58%, and mucosal stress decreased by 84%. In CoCr frameworks, the bar design similarly reduced framework and mucosal deformation, while PDL deformation showed minimal difference (9% lower with the plate). Unlike PEEK, the CoCr bar design reduced von Mises stress across all structures by 23%-57% compared with the plate. The optimal major connector design is material-specific. For PEEK RPD, a bar design may be considered for patients with metal sensitivity and strong abutment teeth. In contrast, a plate design may be indicated for cases with periodontally compromised abutments with good residual ridges. In CoCr RPD, the bar design offers superior stress distribution, whereas the plate may be reserved for cases with strong abutments and good ridge support.

This study presents an enzyme immobilization strategy utilizing zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), a metal-organic framework (MOF) material synthesized in-house, for α-amylase immobilization, establishing a novel solid-phase extraction platform for targeted isolation of enzymatic inhibitors from Gynura medica aqueous extracts. The ZIF-8@α-amylase nanoparticles were prepared using the in situ encapsulation method and exhibited 91% enzyme encapsulation efficiency and enhanced aqueous stability. ZIF-8@α-amylase exhibited a broader operational range, retaining more than 50% activity across 20-70 °C and pH 4.0-9.0 (compared to 20-65 °C and pH 5.5-7.5 for the free enzyme). This immobilized system also demonstrated a high binding capacity of 189.5 mg g-1 for acarbose. Using a mild alkaline buffer for elution, a concentrated fraction showing 18.1% α-amylase inhibition was obtained, which mainly contained phenolic acids, flavonoids, and hydrolyzable tannins as identified by LC-MS/MS. Dose-response analyses demonstrated significant pancreatic amylase inhibition by identified compounds: ellagic acid-4-O-glucoside: 98.86 ± 2.3% (1.0 g L-1), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside: 66.32 ± 1.9% (1.0 g L-1), and methyl gallate: 33.56 ± 1.2% (1.0 g L-1). Overall, ZIF-8@α-amylase is a promising solid-phase extraction platform for selectively enriching bioactive amylase inhibitors from complex botanical matrices, with potential in pharmaceutical discovery and diabetes management.

ABSTRACT The high flammability of ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers limits their important applications in fire safety, thus it has become imperative to improve the fire retardancy through the incorporation of flame retardants. In this study, a novel two‐dimensional (2D) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) material of ZIF‐L has been successfully synthesized and characterized. An intumescent flame retardant (IFR) composed of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and tannic acid (TA) in conjunction with ZIF‐L was constructed and molten‐compounded into the EVA matrix. The flame retardancy of EVA composites was evaluated using limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests, vertical burning testing (UL‐94), and cone calorimetry tests. Compared with neat EVA, the EVA/29(APP/TA)/1ZIF‐L composite exhibited an increased LOI from 20.1% to 24.6%, an improved UL‐94 rating from none to V‐0, and a 60.5% reduction in peak heat release rate (pHRR). Analysis of the decomposition products and char residue suggests a synergistic flame‐retardant effect in condensed phase and gas phase. Moreover, owing to the UV absorption of TA and ZIF‐L and the free‐radical scavenging ability of TA, the EVA composites exhibited significantly enhanced UV shielding, reaching an “excellent” level.

An in-depth understanding of the adsorption and energy storage mechanism of a zeotropic working fluid in metal-organic framework materials is significant for the application of nanomaterials in thermodynamic cycles. In this study, the adsorption behavior and energy storage properties of R32, R1234yf, and their mixtures in MOF-5 were investigated using the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method. The adsorption characteristics and adsorption heat were revealed under different pressure, temperature, and composition conditions. In addition, the rationality of the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) used in the present models was also verified. The study showed that the uptake of R32 was sensitive to both temperature and pressure while that of R1234yf was sensitive to pressure below 1000 kPa but insensitive in the range of 1000-6000 kPa and insensitive to temperature. During the adsorption of R32/R1234yf mixtures, the adsorption of R1234yf also exhibits a similar trend. The selective adsorption coefficient of MOF-5 for R32 in comparison to R1234yf decreased with an increase in temperature and increased with an increase in pressure. By adding MOF-5 to the R32/R1234yf zeotropic mixtures, the enthalpy change of the zeotropic/MOF-5 nanofluid could be improved.

ConspectusCoordination polymers (CPs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly valued for applications in gas storage, separation, and catalysis, but their electronic applications have been limited by low electrical conductivity and charge mobility. The rise of conjugated coordination polymers (c-CPs) has changed this scenario entirely. c-CPs utilize planar, conjugated ligands with ortho-donor coordination groups (-OH, -SH, -NH2, -SeH) to form extended lattices with transition metals, enabling strong d-π conjugation and exceptional charge transport properties.In this Account, we trace our decade-long efforts to develop a distinctive family of c-CPs: those based on the small yet versatile ligand, benzenehexathiol (BHT). We highlight how the small BHT ligand and its soft -SH donors, compared with hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP) and hexaaminotriphenylene (HATP) used in conducting CPs and MOFs, promote stronger metal-ligand coupling, enhanced charge delocalization, and richer coordination chemistry, underpinning the high conductivity and structure diversity of BHT-based c-CPs. We detail the innovative synthetic strategies, such as interfacial synthesis and redox modulation, that enable us to obtain a series of high-crystalline, high-conductivity BHT-based c-CPs. This family of materials has consistently broken records, achieving metallic conductivities exceeding 103 S·cm-1 and charge mobilities up to 400 cm2·V-1·s-1. Notably, they provide a versatile platform for discovering exotic quantum phenomena that are rare in framework materials. Our exploration led to the first CP-based superconductor, Cu3BHT, and has revealed candidates for topological phases such as Weyl semimetal in Ag3BHT and Kondo lattice in CuAg4BHT.We conclude by emphasizing how the structure diversity of BHT-based c-CPs dictates their exceptional chemical and physical properties. This Account is more than a summary. It is a blueprint for the design of the next generation of electrically conducting CPs, illustrating how rational ligand design and synthetic control are able to not only advance electronic material exploration but also open new frontiers in quantum materials research.

As the demand for energy and technological advancements continues to grow, the need for efficient and high-capacity energy storage devices is also increasing. Supercapacitors have emerged as a potential solution, offering advantages such as high specific capacitance, shorter charging times, and longer lifespan. Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) materials have shown promise potential as various electrodes applications due to their superior surface area and porosity. This study focuses on the development of MOF materials based on HKUST-1 with bimetallic modification at a 1:1 ratio, using cobalt and nickel as the metal center. The synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical testing were conducted to evaluate the potential of each material as an electrode for supercapacitor applications. The synthesis was carried out using the coprecipitation method. SEM and XRD characterizations revealed poor crystallinity, with a morphological change to polyhedral shapes with the addition of Ni and elongated shapes with the addition of Co. Electrochemical tests using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge discharge techniques demonstrated poor supercapacitor performance, with non-ideal voltammetry curves and relatively low specific capacitance compared to common supercapacitor materials. The trend shows that secondary metals improves the characteristics of HKUST-1 as supercapacitor. It is shown that the HKUST-1 which has been added with Co and Ni is better than regular HKUST-1, with Co being the best out of all three. This trend is also supported by DFT calculations which shows stronger adsorption in Co active sites, followed by Ni and lastly Cu.

Dynamic finite element analysis of stress distribution in edentulous fixed restorations: Effects of different implant configurations and framework materials.

Molecular structure engineering of COF films via β-Ketoenamine linkages and hydroxyl groups: Scalable fabrication for enhanced electrochromic cycling stability.

Electrospun membrane based on chitosan/ polyvinyl alcohol/sulfur-functionalized metal organic framework for efficient removal of Hg(II) ions.