Frame Work Research Articles

Systematic analysis of single heavy baryons ΛQ, ΣQ and ΩQ

Motivated by great progresses in experiments in searching for the heavy baryons, we systematically analyze the mass spectra and root mean square radius of single heavy baryons ΛQ, ΣQ and ΩQ. The calculations of the mass spectra are carried out in the frame work of relativized quark model, where the baryon is regarded as a three-body system of quarks. Our results show that the mass of single heavy baryon with λ-mode is lower than those of the ρ-mode and λ-ρ mixing mode, which indicates that the lowest state is dominated by the λ-mode. Basing on this research, we systematically calculate the mass spectra and the root mean square radius of the baryons with λ excited mode. With these predicated mass spectra, the Regge trajectories in the (J, M2) plane are constructed, and the slopes, intercepts of the Regge trajectories are obtained by linear fitting. It is found that all available experimental data are well reproduced by model predictions and fit nicely to the constructed Regge trajectories.

Technology for Kisan Samanvayam: Nutrition Intelligibility of Groundnut Plant using IoT-ML Framework

Neolithic Demographic transition resulting the reduction of habitable land for cultivation. Hence the smart agriculture is the only way to cater higher food demand. The farming community of developing countries like India needs Kisan Samanvayam with futuristic technologies for financially viable cultivation. Technology place vital role in economically nourishment of soil fertility and crop management. In this regard we proposed IoT-ML framework for remotely assessing the soil nutrients (N, P,K), PH and early stage detection of crop deceases. Android APP which is a part and parcel of the frame work enable the farmer to have real time visual statistics of the soil nutrients, notifications and suggestions regarding to the crop management. JXCT Soil NPK sensors, PH sensors, Dual Core ESP32 Controllers, Firebase Cloud and Random Forest Decision Tree machine Learning Algorithm, Micromlgen serve this purpose. Unlike Solitary sensor for entire field, we have divided a hector into four subregions for effective monitoring local region needs. The presence of IoT with TinyML increased the robustness of the framework and results are encouraging with sandy loam soil.

The association of long-term calcium and dairy products intake in adolescence with carotid intima media thickness and metabolic syndrome in early adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

BackgroundCalcium could impact on vascular functions and structures and cause atherosclerosis. Thus, we aimed to examine the association of long-term calcium and dairy products intake in adolescence with cIMT and MetS in early adulthood.MethodsWe considered 217 adolescents aged 12–18 years in the frame work of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006–2009) and follow-up them to early adulthood (2015–2017). The valid food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. Ultrasound examination was used to measure common carotid artery. The joint interim statement and cook et al. criteria were used for adults and adolescents to consider MetS, respectively.ResultsAdolescents’ average calcium intake from dairy and non-dairy sources were 395 mg/d and 1088 mg/d, respectively while adults had 212 mg/d and 1191 mg/d. In addition, the mean of cIMT in adults was 0.54 mm. There was no relationship of non-dairy (β: − 0.03; P = 0.804), and total calcium (β: − 0.001; P = 0.591) intake with cIMT and TG. None of the dairy products had link with cIMT, MetS and its components, except cream with cIMT after full adjustment of potential confounders (β: 0.245; P = 0.009). Also, we found that the intake of non-dairy products could increase DBP after controlling for potential confounders (β: 0.365; P = 0.012). Adolescence with higher quartiles of total calcium intake had no odds ratio of MetS in early adulthood (β: 2.05, P = 0.371).ConclusionsAdolescence calcium and dairy products intake, with the exception of cream did not increase early adulthood cIMT and MetS and its components.

JUSTICE AND PEACE: THE RECONSTRUCTION OF INHERITANCE LAW BASED ON TRADITION IN LOMBOK

This article aims to explore the dialectics of inheritance law thought in Lombok, eastern Indonesia. To focus the study, this article only discusses the thoughts of Maulana Syaikh Muhammad Zainuddin; academics, scholars, figures, and thinkers in Lombok. This research is a descriptive-analysis qualitative research based on literature study and field data. The data collection methods in the research were documentation, interviews, and observation. Documentation is conducted by tracing Maulana Shaykh's work in the field of inheritance and articles related to it. Interviews were conducted with the historical actors, students and family of Maulana Syaikh, as well as the Sasak community in the implementation of inheritance. Observations were conducted by observing the practice of inheritance in Sasak society. The results of this study indicate that the people of Lombok have a tradition system in inheritance, and it has been practiced for hundreds of years. Maulana Syaikh's thinking in some of his works on inheritance aims to introduce the main Islamic law on inheritance and its implementation for the community. However, on the practical side, Maulana Syaikh reconstructed the field of inheritance by considering aspects of local wisdom (al-'urf), public good (maslahah), and the porpuse of law (maqashid al-syariah). Islamic inheritance law was used as a solution only when it was assumed that there was a possibility of conflict in the family. The contribution of this article is to provide a conceptual frame work in solving the problem of inheritance in a society that adopts the multi law system.

Synthesis and anti-Alzheimer potential of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives and probing their molecular interaction mechanism with acetylcholinesterase

Pleiotropic interference may be a prerequisite for the efficient limitation of the progression of multi-factorial diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Concept of designing the single chemical entity acting on two or more targets of interest has potential advantage in AD therapy. In line with this, rational design and synthesis of frame work of hybrids bearing 2,3-disubstituted quinazolinone, vanillin and α-amino phosphonate scaffolds (5a─v) were carried out. A congeneric set of twenty-two synthetic derivatives (5a─v) were evaluated for their cholinesterase inhibitory, antioxidant, DNA nicking, DNA protection, neuroprotective and Aβ aggregation modulatory activities. Amongst tested activities, the most significant and worth mentioning is that the analogues 5m, 5p and 5u were found to be the most potent, selective, and mixed type inhibitors of EeAChE with IC50 values of 0.296 ± 0.030, 0.289 ± 0.027, and 0.306 ± 0.028 μM, respectively. Further, the biophysical approaches indicated that the compounds 5m, 5p, and 5u have a strong binding affinity towards AChE. Kinetic and Molecular docking studies have revealed that the most active congeners were well oriented in the AChE active site by interacting with both catalytic active site (CAS) and peripheral anionic site (PAS). A few parameters derived from molecular dynamics (MD) simulation trajectories emphasized the stability of AChE-5p and 5m complexes throughout the 100 ns simulations, and the local conformational changes of the residues of AChE validate the stability of AChE-5p and 5m complexes. Further, these derivatives significantly impacted ABTS radical scavenging capacities and maximal DNA protection activity. Importantly, Thioflavin T (ThT) assay and FE-SEM study demonstrated compounds 5m, 5p and 5u as effective Aβ1−42 fibril modulators at molecular level by the formation of micro size co-assembled mature structures, thus efficiently abolishing the cytotoxicity of Aβ1–42. Finally, these active compounds are determined to be non-toxic and highly neuroprotective against H2O2-induced cell death in SK-N-SH cell lines. Furthermore, in silico ADMET prediction studies have revealed that the targeted analogues satisfied most of the characteristics of CNS acting drugs. These multi-functional efficacies indicated worthiness of these α-amino phosphonate derivatives being chosen for further pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and behavioral research to test their potential for AD treatment.

Understanding Nonattendance among Women Invited to a Cardiovascular Preventive Initiative

: Dahl M et al. (2022), conducted a study to analysis of women’s reasons for refusing cardiovascular screening aiming to achieve a profound understanding of nonattendance by conducted a semi-structured interviews using Anton sky’s theory of sense of coherence as a theoretical frame work. Totally 1984 women who are born in 1936, 1941, 1946, 1951 and lived in Denmark were invited to participate in a cardiovascular screening programmed, only 74.3% participated in the study. Result showed that nonattendance was rooted in the women’s s social role as caregiver and their individual inner logics, which attested to a line of reasoning without critical reflection. A self-imposed caring role provided the women with meaningfulness in their daily lives, a role they were unwilling to risk by participating. As such, accepting screening was perceived as an unpredictable threat to upholding their social role. Inner logics were used as a strategy to keep life unchanged and uphold their identity. Women who felt healthy, found meaningfulness in relying on their own interpretation of their health status and thus considered screening unnecessarily. Moreover, nonattendance was related to the balance between personal resources and daily caring demands. Conclusion sScreening must be emotionally and cognitively meaningful for women to attend. This study contributed with valuable knowledge on what constitutes public acceptability in relation to cardiovascular preventive initiatives, making it relevant to healthcare professionals and policymakers alike. Involving targeted invitees in designing the screening initiative is likely to facilitate acceptability and encourage participation.

Local Content Policies and Cameroon’s Petroleum Industry: Emerging Challenges and the Way Forward

Although oil exploration and production has been going on in Cameroon, one of the greatest challenges has been how Cameroon can maximise the potential benefits from oil to avoid the under-development path that hits other oil producing countries. This challenge sprout as a result of lack of specialised skills in the development of her oil industry. Thus, the promotion of LCPs in her oil industry is seen as an ideal means to enhance skills and technology transfer in the oil sector. It is in this light that this paper seeks principally to examine how LCPs have been effectively implemented within the Petroleum industry in Cameroon which will go a long way to enhance economic development. To achieve this principal objective, the paper aims specifically to examine the opportunities that the State and the local oil producing communities could derive from a viable LCP framework within the oil industry in Cameroon. The findings of this research reveal that in as much as there exists a regulatory frame work to promote the implementation of the local content policies in the oil industry, the lacunae of the Petroleum Code, weak monitoring committee, limited human resource capacity and insufficient capital has been the major drawbacks for the ineffective implementation of the local content policies in the oil industry in Cameroon. It is in this respect that this paper strongly advocates for the government to define the quantitative, qualitative, reliable and verifiable indicators of local content, outlining a detailed schedule of the implementation of the local content requirements, formulating sanctions via a gradual regime of sanctions for non-compliance with local content obligations, strengthening the capacities of the national workforce as well as suppliers and other national service providers on jobs related to oil exploitation, involving both the local and indigenous communities in the definition and formulation of the objectives of the local content, creating a commission to monitor and evaluate the execution of the fiscal obligations and local content and reinforcing technical education to curb with technology transfer as a means to address the ineffective implementation of the local content policies in the oil sector of Cameroon.

The Celestial Reference Frame at K Band: Imaging. I. The First 28 Epochs

We present K-band (24 GHz) images of 731 compact extragalactic radio sources with submilliarcsecond resolution, based on radio interferometric observations made with the Very Long Baseline Array of 10 telescopes during 29 day long sessions spanning from 2015 to 2018 and recorded at 2048 Mbps. Many of these sources are imaged with submilliarcsecond resolution for the first time at frequencies above X band (8 GHz). From each of the K-band images, we derive the following source properties: peak brightness, core and total flux density, the ratio of peak and core to total flux (compactness measure), radial source extent, structure index, source size, and jet direction. The vast majority of sources are imaged at multiple epochs, providing insights into their temporal behavior. The use of K band was motivated by the fact that the sources are generally intrinsically more compact at higher frequencies, as well as by the factor of 3 improvement in interferometer resolution relative to the historically standard S/X band (2.3/8.4 GHz) used for a large amount of reference frame and calibrator work. Lastly, as most of the sources imaged here are in the K-band component of the third International Celestial Reference Frame, these images serve to characterize the objects used in that International Astronomical Union standard.

The Impact of Mergers & Acquisitions on Bancassurance & on the Market Share of Jordanian Banks

Purpose: The research aims to find out the impact of mergers and acquisitions between banks and insurance companies on the insurance services provided by banks. The study was applied on a sample of Jordanian banks working to give insurance services to their public.
 
 Theoretical framework: The researchers reviewed related references and researches to crystalize theoretical frame work for completing this study.
 
 Design/methodology/approach: The researchers applied the analytical descriptive approach, seven Jordanian banks working to give insurance services to their public were studied. A static panel analysis was used for the period 2008-2019.
 
 Findings: The results of the analysis showed a positive, statistically significant impact of merger and acquisition on bancassurance, and a negative and statistically significant negative impact on the market share.
 
 Research, Practical & Social implications: Final findings of this study supported other studies’ findings. The results showed a significant effect of merger and acquisition on bancassurance as well as a significant negative effect on the market share. This is consistent with the Jordanian reality, as the public's demand for insurance services is not at the required level.
 
 Originality/value: This study didn't contain any part of any other published study of any other person, nor materials which has been accepted for possessing any scientific degree of any university.

A Force Identification Method for Geometric Nonlinear Structures

Excitation identification for nonlinear structures is still a challenging problem due to the convergence and accuracy in this process. In this study, a load estimation method is proposed with orthogonal decomposition, the order for which can be fairly accurately determined by a regression. In this process, the force time history is represented by the orthogonal basis and the coefficients of the orthogonal decomposition are taken as unknowns and augmented to the state variable, which can be identified recursively in state space. A general energy-conserving method is selected to a step-by-step integration to guarantee the convergence of this integration. The proposed method is first validated by numerical simulation studies of a truss structure considering its geometric property. The identification results of the numerical studies demonstrate that the proposed excitation identification method and the orthogonal decomposition order determination method work well for nonlinear structures. The laboratory work of a 7-story frame is investigated to consider the geometric nonlinearity in impact force identification. The results of experimental studies show that uncertainties such as measurement noise and model error are included in the investigation of the accuracy and robustness of the proposed force identification method, while the time history of external forces could be identified with promising results.

Porous Cu-based metal organic framework (Cu-MOF) for highly selective adsorption of organic pollutants

In this study, copper based metal organic frame work (Cu-MOF) was synthesized by using different solvents i. e. H2O, Dimethylformamide (DMF) and DMF ​+ ​C2H5OH ​+ ​H2O solutions at various temperatures. Cu-MOF synthesized in different solvents exhibited a large number of properties and advantages including easy synthesis procedure, high porosity, good crystallinity, high surface area, massive pore volume, controllable pore surface properties (zeta potential), rigid and chemical stability. The as-synthesized Cu- MOF was analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, zeta potential, electrostatic attraction and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). A higher BET surface area of 121.1 ​m2 ​g−1 was obtained for Cu-MOF synthesized in DMF ​+ ​C2H5OH ​+ ​H2O compared with H2O (109.3 ​m2 ​g−1) and DMF (115.1 ​m2 ​g−1) solvents. The as-obtained Cu-MOF was used to investigate adsorption kinetic performances of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dye molecules. Compared with other samples, Cu-MOF synthesized in (DMF ​+ ​C2H5OH ​+ ​H2O) has a significantly enhanced adsorption ability for MB but a lower for MO dyes. After 4 ​min, the adsorption co-efficient (k) values were calculated to be 0.506, 0.846 and 1.1915 min−1 for MB and 0.029, 0.024 and 0.005 min−1 for MO dyes for Cu-MOF (H2O), Cu-MOF (DMF) and Cu-MOF (DMF ​+ ​C2H5OH ​+ ​H2O), respectively. It was found that Cu-MOF has a higher adsorption for MB dye but a poor adsorption capacity for MO, which was attributed to the electrostatic attraction/repulsion phenomena. Moreover, compared with Cu-MOF (DMF) and Cu-MOF (H2O), Cu-MOF (DMF ​+ ​C2H5OH ​+ ​H2O) shows an improved stability at 370, 417 and 423 ​°C temperatures. The result obtained through experiment suggested that porous Cu-MOF microstructures synthesized in DMF ​+ ​C2H5OH ​+ ​H2O have potential application for the treatment wastewaters having MB and MO dyes.

General Trends of the Camelidae Antibody VHHs Domain Dynamics

Conformational flexibility plays an essential role in antibodies' functional and structural stability. They facilitate and determine the strength of antigen-antibody interactions. Camelidae express an interesting subtype of single-chain antibody, named Heavy Chain only Antibody. They have only one N-terminal Variable domain (VHH) per chain, composed of Frameworks (FRs) and Complementarity Determining regions (CDRs) like their VH and VL counterparts in IgG. Even when expressed independently, VHH domains display excellent solubility and (thermo)stability, which helps them to retain their impressive interaction capabilities. Sequence and structural features of VHH domains contributing to these abilities have already been studied compared to classical antibodies. To have the broadest view and understand the changes in dynamics of these macromolecules, large-scale molecular dynamics simulations for a large number of non-redundant VHH structures have been performed for the first time. This analysis reveals the most prevalent movements in these domains. It reveals the four main classes of VHHs dynamics. Diverse local changes were observed in CDRs with various intensities. Similarly, different types of constraints were observed in CDRs, while FRs close to CDRs were sometimes primarily impacted. This study sheds light on the changes in flexibility in different regions of VHH that may impact their in silico design.

Training of Youths in Entrepreneurship/Vocational Skills of Fabric Dyeing in Bade Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria

This study involves the training of some selected youths in Bade Local Government, Gashua, Yobe State on the vocational skills of tie and dye in other to reduce unemployment and poverty which has been the core problem affecting Yobe State especially as it is affected by the insurgency. Fifty (50) youths were trained; questionnaires were administered before and after the training for the purpose of data collection for this study. The results revealed that, 91.2% of the trainees/ respondents were interested in acquiring training skills on the vocation of tie and dye, and are ready to take it up as a business/source of livelihood. 95.8% of the trainees/respondents fall within the ages of 18-35 years, 70.8% of them were male, while 29.2% were female. 66.7% of the trainees/respondents were unemployed. The above figures showed that the youth needs vocational training skills not only in tie and dye, but also in other professions, in order to reduce unemployment and poverty which on the order hand will help to reduce all other social vices in the community. It is recommended that, the government, Non-Governmental Organisation (NGOs), corporate organizations and individuals should invest in massive vocational training for the youths so as to produce quality entrepreneurs, tradesmen and professionals who have the technical frame work to start and successfully manage micro, small and medium enterprise respectively.

Ecofriendly Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium based Metal - Organic Frame Work

Magnesium based metal - organic Framework (MOF) was synthesized by using Benzene Di-Carboxylic acid (BDC), MgSO4.7H2O and a flower extract of Clitoria ternatea. The prepared MOF was characterized by FTIR spectrum, SEM-EDS, XRD, DLS and PL Spectrum. The crystalline nature of the synthesized MOF was revealed in XRD patterns. The nano particle nature of the MOF was confirmed from the SEM pictures. FT-IR spectra showed a peak at 520cm-1 designated characteristic absorption bands of synthesized Mg-MOF nano particles. The zeta potential value showed that the surface charge of the synthesized MOF is neutral and hence disperse in solution without having any tendency for agglomeration and coagulation on standing. The photoluminescence spectra indicated luminescent nature and hence this nano crystalline MOF finds very good application as luminescent material and as sensing material.

Framing messages to support feral dog eradication: Both ecocentric and anthropocentric frames work

Due to their impact on biodiversity, human health, and livestock husbandry, we need to eradicate feral dogs. However, eradication usually encounters public opposition, which hinders its implementation and success. Persuasive messages could help us attain public support for feral dog eradication. We evaluated the effectiveness of two message frames to increase intentions to support eradication of feral dogs via lethal methods. Messages addressed the negative impacts of feral dogs on (1) human health and livestock husbandry (anthropocentric frame) and (2) wildlife (ecocentric frame). These frames were randomly assigned to 506 Chilean citizens and Chilean residents in a before-after survey experiment measuring attitudes, subjective norm, and behavioral intentions to support feral dog eradication via lethal methods. Both frames significantly increased behavioral intentions, attitude, and subjective norm, irrespective of participant demographics. Changes in attitude and subjective norm influenced change in intentions. Both frames can aid managers increase public support to eradicate feral dogs.

An accurate zeroth-order perturbation theory for solving power-law potentials within the frame work of the asymptotic iteration method

An accurate zeroth-order perturbation theory for solving power-law potentials within the frame work of the asymptotic iteration method

A Mode-Matching Tailored-Galerkin Approach for Higher Order Interface Conditions and Geometric Variations

The current study focuses on the modeling and analysis of acoustic scattering from an elastic membrane disc located in a cylindrical waveguide that may involve structural discontinuities. The physical problem is governed by Helmholtz’s equation and involves higher order boundary conditions at the interfaces. The Mode-Matching (MM) method in conjunction with Galerkin formulation is developed to solve the governing boundary value problems. The solution procedure is first applied on two prototype problems to formulate the theoretical frame work, which is then used to analyze the structural response of the elastic membranes attached at the mouth of the cylindrical expansion chamber. The aforementioned solution method yields the linear algebraic systems containing infinite equations. These systems are truncated first and then are numerically solved. From the numerical experiments, it is found that geometrical and material properties of the structure significantly affect the transmission loss as well as the scattering energies.

A contact description for continuum beams with deformable arbitrary cross-section

This work introduces a surface-to-surface contact description in the context of beam-to-beam contact. The introduced contact description is formulated in the frame work of the absolute nodal coordinate formulation. Leveraging the solid element-like features of the absolute nodal coordinate beam formulation and utilizing an interpolation scheme to parameterize the cross-section geometry, the computationally expensive discretization in beam’s thickness directions can be avoided. The developed formulation is general to account for internal and external contact scenarios. Numerical examples illustrate the robustness and applicability of the introduced formulation in contact problems comprising beams with arbitrary cross-sectional geometry and material nonlinearities. The numerical results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed contact solution to problems entailing various contact configurations, such as the presence of coupled large deformation modes within contact, contact between beams with sharp-edges, and a scenario where an arbitrary curve-to-curve contact takes place across beams’ surfaces. Accuracy of the contact integrals and the stability of the proposed formulation are also examined, respectively using the contact path and inf–sup tests. • Surface-to-surface contact is described for arbitrary cross-section beams. • The contact description involves large deformation modes and material nonlinearity. • Beam-inside-beam and sharp-edge contact interactions can be described. • Stability and accuracy of the contact integrals of the formulation are examined.

Cobalt oxide based inorganic-organic hybrid composite as novel anodic material for ultra-stable Li-ion battery

Energy demands for modern society with improved life quality are totally based on materials, which are fossils free to overcome the challenges affecting the health and climate. In the present work, a 3D hierarchical composite of Cobalt oxide@Copper Acetate@Benzenetricarboxylate (Co@CuAc@BTC) is prepared by using Cobalt oxide nanoparticles as a base material to act as an efficient anode material for LIBs. The coating of metallic organic frame work (MOF) of BTC and Cu(II)Ac alternatively, was applied through versatile layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method. Presence of π-conjugated benzene rings in the composite was identified by analysis of FTIR. Face centered cubic crystal structure aligned with crystallographic pattern was confirmed by pXRD analysis. The surface morphology and elemental composition was predicted by SEM-EDS, Specific surface area through BET and the thermal stability through TGA analysis. Nyquist plots show that the charge transfer resistance Rct for composite is lower (377.2 Ω) comparative to Co-oxide Nps (590.2 Ω). Electrochemical studies showed that Co@CuAc@BTC composite, as an active anodic material for LIBs, exhibited a higher discharge capacity of 1380 mA h/g and remarkably good rate performance with a charge capacity of 1060 mA h/g at 100 mA/g with 78% (10% increase comparative to that of Co-oxide Nps) initial columbic efficiency. At 100th cycle material show 97% columbic efficiency with reversible capacity of 1064 mA h/g. outstanding electrochemical performance of Co@CuAc@BTC composite offers an easy, large-scale and low cost route to produce anode materials for LIBs.

Gene expression studies of WT1 mutant Wilms tumor cell lines in the frame work of published kidney development data reveals their early kidney stem cell origin.

In order to get a better insight into the timing of WT1 mutant Wilms tumor development, we compared the gene expression profiles of nine established WT1 mutant Wilms tumor cell lines with published data from different kidney cell types during development. Publications describing genes expressed in nephrogenic precursor cells, ureteric bud cells, more mature nephrogenic epithelial cells and interstitial cell types were used. These studies uncovered that the WT1 mutant Wilms tumor cells lines express genes from the earliest nephrogenic progenitor cells, as well as from more differentiated nephron cells with the highest expression from the stromal/interstitial compartment. The expression of genes from all cell compartments points to an early developmental origin of the tumor in a common stem cell. Although variability of the expression of specific genes was evident between the cell lines the overall expression pattern was very similar. This is likely dependent on their different genetic backgrounds with distinct WT1 mutations and the absence/presence of mutant CTNNB1.