Beyond HbS polymerization inhibition: Antioxidant and anti-hemolytic actions of two varieties of Vigna sesquipedalis (L.) F.Agcaoili in sickle cell disease.

The increasing interest in, and affordability of, 3-D printing has made fast prototyping and manufacturing of components and accessories increasingly popular in MRI research. In this work, visibility in magnetic resonance images and T1 and T2∗ relaxation times of 3-D printed thermoplastic materials were investigated with multi-band sweep imaging with Fourier transformation (MB-SWIFT) and single point imaging (SPI). Ten commonly available 3-D printable plastics were investigated at 9.4T. T1 relaxation times were estimated with inversion recovery (IR-LL) and saturation recovery Look-Locker (SR-LL) as well as variable flip angle (VFA) MB-SWIFT techniques. T2∗ relaxation times were estimated from SPI data. It was observed that acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and some poly(lactic acid) (PLA) -based filaments as well as a proprietary thermoplastic formulation generated detectable signal making them "MRI-visible". Glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PET-G) and nylon -based filaments as well as some PLA formulations were observed to be "MRI-invisible" with minimal to non-existent signal. T1 parameters were estimated to be between 463 and 773ms (VFA), 520-1004ms (IR-LL) and 222-296ms (SR-LL). Average T2∗ relaxation times with SPI were between 69 and 273μs. The results provide a quantitative basis for selecting fused deposition modeling (FDM) materials for ultrashort echo time MRI applications and highlight the importance of both pulse sequence and material composition when designing MRI-compatible structures.

This study presents an experimental investigation of the flow and combustion dynamics of a single LOX/CH 4 liquid-centered swirl injector under high-pressure transcritical conditions, conducted on the cryogenic MASCOTTE test bench. As a preliminary step, the interaction between hydrodynamic and combustion phenomena in a stable operating regime is examined. The structure and evolution of the flame and dense phase are analyzed using synchronized high-speed imaging at 13 kHz, with OH* chemiluminescence capturing the reactive zone and backlighting visualizing the dense phase. Time-averaged and instantaneous fields are provided to highlight the flame structure and flow behavior. Spectral analysis, conducted via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), is performed, and complemented by video filtering using a combination of averaged Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) and phase-averaging techniques. The backlighting recordings reveal a dominant symmetric mode aligned with the preferred instability mode frequency of the dense jet. The corresponding Strouhal number, ranging between 0.25 and 0.5, is consistent with classical hydrodynamic predictions and is identified as a symmetric Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. Similar modal behavior is observed in the OH* chemiluminescence signal, sharing the same dominant frequency and mode shape. These coherent structures are confined to the reaction zone and dense phase region, with no significant modes persisting downstream. In the absence of significant pressure oscillations, it is inferred that the flame dynamics are primarily driven by the dense phase hydrodynamics. These findings enhance the understanding of coupled hydrodynamic-combustion instabilities in transcritical swirl injectors and offer insights relevant to the design and control of next-generation rocket propulsion systems. Novelty and significance statement The novelty of this work lies in its contribution to the very limited experimental data on transcritical LOX/CH 4 swirl flame dynamics available in the literature. Backlighting imaging and OH* chemiluminescence measurements reveal a dominant symmetric mode in the flow oscillations. Additionally, the state-of-the-art Strouhal number definition for non-reactive swirl flows provides a good estimate of the corresponding dominant frequency, which aligns with the preferred instability frequency of the dense jet. This analytical frequency estimation enhances understanding of the coupling between hydrodynamic and combustion instabilities in transcritical swirl injectors, representing a key step toward the development of safe and reliable liquid rocket engines.

Rapid detection of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus in silkworms using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chemometric modelling.

Biochemical components of chicken primordial germ cells are modified by cryopreservation: original analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy.

Neutron-gamma discrimination based on STFT-DFF model and FPGA implementation.

Integrated analysis of dynamic changes in volatile and non-volatile compounds in Chuan Chenpi (Citrus reticulata 'Dahongpao') during aging by GC-IMS and UPLC-MS/MS.

Quantum Fourier Transform Neural Network with image blockwise representation for image classification

Design and development of an electrochemical sensor for real-time lithium monitoring: Safer and smarter patient care

Microbial networks and soil properties influence surface biodegradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polylactic acid (PLA) in soil.

Anti-EGFR liposomal drug delivery system loaded with AGY2 potentiates the anti-cancer effect of AGY2 against EGFR expressed pancreatic cancer.

Extraction and physicochemical characterization of starch from horsegram: A potential raw material for industrial bioproducts

fastfocal: accelerating moving-window raster operations through the Fast Fourier Transform in R

In-vitro assessment of thermal stability, color stability, degree of conversion, nanozeolite and monomer release, and antibacterial effect in nanozeolite-filled 3D printed denture base resin.

Non-lethal molecular biomonitoring of pyrethroid exposure in freshwater fish using FTIR spectroscopy and machine learning.

The biogeochemical processes occurring in soils beneath buried cadavers, here defined as hypogeal cadaver decomposition islands (HCDIs), remain poorly understood, particularly with respect to the role of organic carbon. This study investigated temporal variations in dissolved organic matter (DOM) within HCDI to evaluate its potential as a time-dependent decomposition marker. Twenty piglets were buried under controlled conditions at the non-human Forensic Taphonomy Facility Ticino-LEAF(s) (University of Milan, Italy), using four different concealment scenarios: unclothed, wounded, clothed in cotton, and covered with quicklime prior burial. Soil samples collected at successive post-burial intervals (PBIs) up to 467 days were analyzed for pH, DOM concentration, and molecular composition through Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Results revealed consistent correlations between decomposition stage, soil pH, and DOM dynamics. In most groups, pH increased during early decay and declined in advanced stages, while DOM concentrations peaked at intermediate intervals before returning to baseline levels. FT-IR spectra highlighted molecular markers of lipids, fatty acids, and protein degradation, with adipocere-associated signals detectable at later stages. Quicklime-treated burials exhibited atypical chemical patterns, though DOM analyses remained informative. Other burial conditions, such as the presence of lesions or clothing, significantly influenced both decomposition processes and the expression of biochemical markers. This pilot study suggests that combined monitoring of DOM concentration and molecular characterization, supported by pH measurements, may contribute to a better understanding of decomposition processes. The approach shows potential for estimating the post-burial interval, suggesting a potentially rapid, cost-effective, and context-sensitive support tool for forensic investigations.

The growing environmental concerns regarding petroleum-based plastics have accelerated research into sustainable, alternative materials such as bioplastics or biopolymers. Gelatin-starch blend bioplastics (SPBBs) have gained momentum in research as a possible solution due to their biodegradability, biobased resource and potential for many applications. However, the structural and functional properties of SPBBs, such as barrier performance and rigidity properties, depend on the starch source and the formulation method. This study focuses on characterising SPBBs from potato, tapioca, sago and swamp taro. The aim was to assess the influence of starch composition, evaluated by amylose and amylopectin % ratio, with a specific interest in the relationship between chemical composition and functional properties of the materials. Methods including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), goniometry, water vapour permeability (WVP), oxygen permeability, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMTA) were used to evaluate the biopolymer’s structural integrity, composition and barrier properties. The results revealed no significant variation in amylose to amylopectin ratios and subtle differences in starch profiles; however, once incorporated with the other materials, homogenised profiles were seen. XRD analysis showed distinct polymorphic structures in the raw starches. However, the incorporation of gelatine disrupted the starch structures and inhibited the gelatine’s triple helix reconstitution. Surface Free Energy (SFE) analysis showed that potato SPBB demonstrated wettable potential; in contrast, lower SFE and critical surface tension (CST) values of sago SPBB indicated more hydrophobic surfaces, which is ideal for food packaging. The assessed barrier properties showed that SPBBs have good water barrier properties but poor oxygen permeabilities. DMTA results indicated that tapioca SPBB had the highest rigidity, while sago SPBB had properties more suitable for shock-absorbing material applications. Further research is needed to enhance the specific properties of these polymers for particular applications. • XRD identifed starch polymorphism and demonstrate starch alteration in starch-protein bioplastics. • FTIR confirmed homogenous blending of starch, gelatine, glycerol and water. • Sago SPBBs were most hydrophobic, impacting potential uses. • Tapioca SPBB showed the best relative performance among tested starches for oxygen-sensitive packaging. • Surface behaviour varied by starch types, possibly affecting the potential food contact.

Discrimination between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

A frequency-based approach to improve the geometric accuracy of FY4B/AGRI geostationary satellite observations

Ultrasonic-assisted, Sargassum ilicifolium (brown marine macroalgae)-mediated biogenic synthesis of CuO nanoparticles incorporated in starch/PVA electrospun nanoscaffolds: In vitro safety and antioxidant efficacy assessment.