Foundation Project Research Articles

Novel graph convolutional network for geological profile prediction using non-equidistant borehole data

ABSTRACT Accurately predicting geological profiles from sparse borehole data is challenging due to limited data availability and complex spatial correlations within strata. This study presents an advanced graph convolutional network designed to model flexible graph structures and predict geological profiles using unequally spaced borehole data. In this framework, each graph node corresponds to a stratum unit which represents the transformed coordinate features, with edges indicating spatial relationships among these units. Initially, the method was applied to a case study in Australia, demonstrating a 30% improvement in boundary accuracy compared to traditional methods. Subsequently, the approach was employed in a foundation project in Hangzhou, achieving mean measurement accuracies above 0.8 for validating boreholes. The study further explored the impact of borehole quantity and unequal spacing on prediction accuracy. Results indicate that significant accuracy gains occur only when new boreholes add critical spatial features; otherwise, the improvement remains minimal. Additionally, flexible borehole positioning results in a 44% disparity between the most and least accurate predictions.

Stabilization strategy of normal and chrome tanning effluent mixed subsoil: a novelty to enhance the soil characteristics

Soil stabilisation is a unique method to effectively and accurately find a solution to the issues caused by loose subsoil. This research investigates the problems of uncontrolled industrial effluent disposal, mainly from tannery enterprises, which presents severe environmental problems in emerging nations due to soil properties changing and large regions being unfit for cultivation and human habitation. The study uses Atterberg's limits, sieve analysis, and direct shear testing to examine the effects of untreated tannery effluents on soil parameters. The findings show that the soil's shear strength, moisture content, and flexibility have all significantly decreased. Lime and waste stone powder were added to lessen these impacts, and this improved soil stability was shown by an increase in the values of all the variables. For efficient soil remediation, the study suggests using waste stone powder and lime in the following proportions: 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%. Combining lime stabilisation methods with industrial by-products like slag and fly ash opens up new possibilities for enhancing the geotechnical characteristics of polluted soils. This study emphasises how important it is to use customised geotechnical design techniques to handle soil contamination issues in infrastructure and foundation projects, especially in areas where the leather industry predominates.

A Study on the Influence of Hydraulic Compactor Reinforcement on the Force Law of an Independent Foundation Under a Column and Its Safety Standard

Due to the complexity of the actual geotechnical environment, the backfill compaction design theory and calculation method are not reflected in the current specification. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of the hydraulic compactor on the foundation structure during the treatment of the backfill of an independent foundation under a column, the Menard formula was modified. At the same time, relying on an independent foundation project under a column in Jinan, the dynamic model of compactor tamping backfilling soil was established. The applicability of the calculation formula is verified by simulating the single-point multiple tamping on the backfill directly above the foundation tie beam, and the influence law of two factors, the thickness of the backfill and the tamping energy, on the force of the foundation tie beam is elucidated. The results show that after reaching the optimum number of tamping, the cumulative soil settlement and the effective reinforcement depth of tamping show a stable trend, and their simulation results are in good agreement with the analytical solution, which provides a supplement to the relevant safety standards. At this critical point, the force on the tie beams peaked and showed up and down fluctuations under the subsequent ramming action. The tamping action of the compactor has a significant effect on the structural forces within the effective reinforcement range, and there is a negative correlation between the magnitude of the structural forces and the thickness of the backfill. According to the numerical calculation results to choose the best construction programme, the on-site monitoring shows that under 42 KJ tamping energy and 1.5 m single backfilling thickness, the tie beam reinforcement stress reaches 18.5~55.5% of the specification warning value, which meets the safety standard. The research results of this paper can provide important guidance for the hydraulic tamping treatment of an independent foundation backfill project.

7847 Radiomic Ultrasound Checkup of Thyroid Nodules Before Radiodiodine Therapy

Abstract Disclosure: A.A. Trukhin: Grant Recipient; Self; Russian Science Foundation (project N 22-15-00135). A.V. Manaev: Grant Recipient; Self; Russian Science Foundation (project N 22-15-00135). S.M. Zakharova: Grant Recipient; Self; Russian Science Foundation (project N 22-15-00135). M.S. Sheremeta: None. E.A. Troshina: Grant Recipient; Self; Russian Science Foundation (project N 22-15-00135). Background: Over 83 years radioiodine therapy (RIT) of autonomous thyroid nodules still have uncovered pages, according to its complexity and thyroid nodules variety. There are two main criteria to allow RIT – no malignancy and presence of iodine uptake, the last one could be checked by Tc-99m-pertachnetate or I-123, I-131 iodine scintigraphy. Case with thyroid nodules first undergo ultrasound (US) TI-RADS classification, then fine needle aspiration stratification according to the Bethesda system. Publications applied such algorithm shows 75-85% accuracy in malignancy determination, that in 15-25% can lead to improper RIT application. Aim: Method development for thyroid nodules ultrasound checkup before I-131 administration and I-131 24h uptake prognosis. Methods: Study includes 150 nodules (65 benign, 60 malignant, 25 autonomous benign thyroid nodules). Both US longitudinal and transversal thyroid nodule projections were obtained via GE Voluson E8 (36% benign cases / 27% malignant cases) and GE Logiq E (64% benign cases / 73% malignant cases) in cinematic loop regime. Autonomous thyroid nodules underwent I-131 pharmacokinetics examination with 24h uptake determination and RIT. Statistical textural features were obtained through spatial adjacency matrix. Results: Analysis of 16 statistical textural features shows weak correlation between 11 statistical textural features E (Energy), S (Entropy), LU (Local homogeneity), MP (Maximum probability), TR (Matrix trace), CORR (Correlation), IMC (information measure of correlation), DV (Difference variance), DE (Difference entropy), SE (Sum entropy), SA (Average value of the sum). ROC-analysis using 11 statistical textural features shows the best model for benign/malignance determination with AUC = 0.83, Se = 74%, Sp = 73%, PPV = 75%, NPV = 72%, Acc = 74%. I-131 pharmacokinetics examination shows strong correlation SA to I-131 24h uptake. Conclusions: The performed study demonstrates the possibility of using textural statistical features of ultrasound images as instrument for thyroid nodules ultrasound checkup before I-131 administration, for extra FNA prescription and prognosis the I-131 24h important in exact therapeutic I-131 activity calculation. Presentation: 6/2/2024

Феноменология сегодня: исторические проблемы и современные тенденции. Возвращаясь к дискуссии 1988 года (материалы «круглого стола»)

In April 2024, a round table titled “Phenomenology Today: Historical Problems and Contemporary Trends. Returning to the 1988 Discussion” was held, dedicated to discussing current problems in phenomenological research in the context of the historical development of phenomenology in the 21st century. The round table was organized by the journal “Voprosy Filosofii”, the Center for Phenomeno­logical Philosophy of the Faculty of Philosophy of RSUH, as well as participants in the Russian Science Foundation project “World, Language, Reality: European and Russian Philosophy in Conceptual and Terminological Dimensions”. Leading phenomenologists, historians of philosophy, and epistemologists participated in the round table. The focus was on the materials of the discussion “Phenomeno­logy and Its Role in Contemporary Philosophy” (Voprosy filosofii, 1988, No. 12). The following topics were discussed: How can the past 36 years in the global and domestic phenomenological movement be assessed? How has the subject configur­ation of phenomenology as a field of study changed? What are the directions of contemporary phenomenological discussions, the specifics of the phenomenolo­gical method and the limits of phenomenological description. Can it be said that the phenomenological method is applied today in the humanities and natural sci­ences, and if so, how effective is it? What is happening today in phenomenology, and what are the current discussions? Phenomenology and analytic philosophy: prospects and possibilities for comparison. The role of phenomenology in the for­mation of epistemological and ontological traditions in Russian philosophy. What has changed in this field over 36 years? The core of the discussions, sparked by the questions posed, became the problem of the relationship between historical reality and the language of philosophy, as well as the understanding of the value of phenomenological strategies in education and scientific activities

ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL ZONING OF THE FOUNDATION PROJECT ON SALINE SOILS OF KANLIKUL DISTRICT

The article is devoted to the engineering-geological zoning of the foundation project on the saline soils of the Kanlikul district. The features of the region's geological and hydrogeological conditions, as well as the influence of soil salinity on the stability and durability of building structures, are considered. The methods of engineering-geological zoning used to assess the suitability of soils for construction are described. The article proposes solutions for designing foundations taking into account the specifics of saline soils, as well as measures to reduce the negative impact of salinization on construction sites. The work is aimed at improving design and construction practices in the region's complex geological conditions.

Machine learning and biological validation identify sphingolipids as potential mediators of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in cancer patients

Background:Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a serious therapy-limiting side effect of commonly used anticancer drugs. Previous studies suggest that lipids may play a role in CIPN. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the particular types of lipids that are regulated as a consequence of paclitaxel administration and may be associated with the occurrence of post-therapeutic neuropathy.Methods:High-resolution mass spectrometry lipidomics was applied to quantify d=255 different lipid mediators in the blood of n=31 patients drawn before and after paclitaxel therapy for breast cancer treatment. A variety of supervised statistical and machine-learning methods was applied to identify lipids that were regulated during paclitaxel therapy or differed among patients with and without post-therapeutic neuropathy.Results:Twenty-seven lipids were identified that carried relevant information to train machine learning algorithms to identify, in new cases, whether a blood sample was drawn before or after paclitaxel therapy with a median balanced accuracy of up to 90%. One of the top hits, sphinganine-1-phosphate (SA1P), was found to induce calcium transients in sensory neurons via the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors.SA1P also showed different blood concentrations between patients with and without neuropathy.Conclusions:Present findings suggest a role for sphinganine-1-phosphate in paclitaxel-induced biological changes associated with neuropathic side effects. The identified SA1P, through its receptors, may provide a potential drug target for co-therapy with paclitaxel to reduce one of its major and therapy-limiting side effects.Funding:This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation, DFG, Grants SFB1039 A09 and Z01) and by the Fraunhofer Foundation Project: Neuropathic Pain as well as the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases (CIMD). This work was also supported by the Leistungszentrum Innovative Therapeutics (TheraNova) funded by the Fraunhofer Society and the Hessian Ministry of Science and Arts. Jörn Lötsch was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG LO 612/16-1).

Machine learning and biological validation identify sphingolipids as potential mediators of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in cancer patients.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a serious therapy-limiting side effect of commonly used anticancer drugs. Previous studies suggest that lipids may play a role in CIPN. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the particular types of lipids that are regulated as a consequence of paclitaxel administration and may be associated with the occurrence of post-therapeutic neuropathy. High-resolution mass spectrometry lipidomics was applied to quantify d=255 different lipid mediators in the blood of n=31 patients drawn before and after paclitaxel therapy for breast cancer treatment. A variety of supervised statistical and machine-learning methods was applied to identify lipids that were regulated during paclitaxel therapy or differed among patients with and without post-therapeutic neuropathy. Twenty-seven lipids were identified that carried relevant information to train machine learning algorithms to identify, in new cases, whether a blood sample was drawn before or after paclitaxel therapy with a median balanced accuracy of up to 90%. One of the top hits, sphinganine-1-phosphate (SA1P), was found to induce calcium transients in sensory neurons via the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors.SA1P also showed different blood concentrations between patients with and without neuropathy. Present findings suggest a role for sphinganine-1-phosphate in paclitaxel-induced biological changes associated with neuropathic side effects. The identified SA1P, through its receptors, may provide a potential drug target for co-therapy with paclitaxel to reduce one of its major and therapy-limiting side effects. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation, DFG, Grants SFB1039 A09 and Z01) and by the Fraunhofer Foundation Project: Neuropathic Pain as well as the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases (CIMD). This work was also supported by the Leistungszentrum Innovative Therapeutics (TheraNova) funded by the Fraunhofer Society and the Hessian Ministry of Science and Arts. Jörn Lötsch was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG LO 612/16-1).

Effect of Monitoring and Evaluation Practices on the Performance of Education-Funded Projects in Rwanda: A Case of the Building Learning Foundation (BLF) Project in Gasabo District

A large number of Rwandan corporate groups have failed to meet their goals because of ineffective monitoring and assessment. Companies with a strong competitive edge use monitoring and evaluation since it is expensive and demands technological competencies. Some of the issues that have arisen inside the BLF project include a lack of expertise, inadequate managerial abilities, and sloppy monitoring and assessment practices. The general objective of the study was to assess the role of monitoring and evaluation practices on performance of education funded project in Rwanda. A case study of Building learning foundation (BLF) in Rwanda. To identify the effect of monitoring and evaluation budgetary allocation on performance of education funded project of building learning foundation in Gasabo District , to determine the effect of monitoring and evaluation risks analysis on performance of education funded project of building learning foundation in Gasabo District , to examine the effect of monitoring and evaluation trainings on performance of education funded project of building learning foundation in Gasabo District and to identify the effect of M&E accountability on performance of education funded project of building learning foundation in Gasabo District. Both the Theory of Change (ToC) and the Realistic Evaluation Theory (RET) were used in this research. There was a total of 184 people considered, and 126 were chosen at random. The researcher utilized a simple random sampling approach to choose a sample from the BLF community. Data were gathered using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation, taking into account the character and organization of the BLF population. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to modify, code, and enter the obtained data. This allowed the researcher to get frequency tables, percentages, means, and standard deviations. The model summary for the regression showed the R value of .861 indicates a strong positive correlation between the predictors and the dependent variable. The R Square value of .742 represents the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the predictors. In this case, approximately 74.2% of the variability in the performance of the BLF project can be explained by the predictors included in the model. the coefficients provide the findings, M&E budgetary allocation has a coefficient of 0.551, indicating that a one-unit increase in budget allocation corresponds to a 0.551 increase in BLF project performance. Similarly, M&E risks analysis, M&E trainings, and M&E accountability show coefficients of 0.285, 0.291, and 0.186 respectively, indicating their respective impacts on BLF project performance. All predictor variables exhibit significant p-values, with M&E budgetary allocation, M&E risks analysis, and M&E trainings demonstrating statistical significance (p = 0.000< 0.05). This emphasizes their crucial roles in influencing positive outcomes in the BLF project. It is evident that when these components are effectively managed, they significantly enhance project performance, validating their importance in the p BLF project performance. The study recommended that Building Learning Foundation in Gasabo District should conduct a cost-benefit analysis to determine the optimal budget allocation for monitoring and evaluation activities.

Issue on Teaching and Training Future Health Informaticians:Partnering with Students to Develop a Capstone for a Graduate Health Informatics Program.

To assess the desirability, feasibility, and sustainability of integrating a project-based capstone course with the course-based curriculum of an interdisciplinary MSc health informatics program guided with a student-partnered steering committee and student-centered approach. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey (n=87) and three semi-structured focus groups (n=18) of health informatics students and alumni. Survey data was analyzed descriptively. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and then analyzed using a general inductive and classic analysis approach. Most students were supportive of including a capstone project but desired an option to work independently or within a group. Students perceived several benefits to capstone courses while concerned over perceived challenges to capstone implementation, evaluation, and managing group processes. Themes identified were: 1) professional development, identity, and career advancement; 2) emulating the real world and learning beyond the classroom, 3) embracing new, full circle learning, 4) anticipated course structure, delivery, and preparation, 5) balancing student choice, interests, and priorities, and 6) concerns over group dynamics, limitations, and support. This study demonstrates the value of having students as partners at each stage in the process from methods conception to course curriculum design. With the steering committee and the curriculum developer, we codeveloped a student-centered course that integrates foundational digital health-related project knowledge acquisition with an inquiry-based project which can be completed independently or in small groups. This study demonstrates the potential benefits and challenges that health informatics educators may consider when (re)-designing capstone courses.

Analysis of Public Health Care Management in Dealing with Covid 19 Situations in India

The COVID-19 pandemic will continue to have an impact on foundation projects worldwide in all sectors, as disruptions to supply chains, a decline in customer demand, and changes to health regulations force a reevaluation of how business is conducted. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) communicate foundation initiatives, which are more difficult to govern due to the long-term authoritative obligations imposed between counterparties, such as outside loan specialists and financial supporters. In addition to determining how the targeted population generally feels about the quality of services they receive, the study aims to gain a deeper understanding of Ayushmann Bharat, a program that falls under the public-private partnership model in the healthcare sector and is necessary to support public-private partnership. The study aims to present recommendations to the government that explicitly encourage the expansion of public-private partnerships and the involvement of private and public firms in the development of healthcare. Nevertheless, there are few state-level studies that address the COVID-19 scenario. The studies on public opinion of the PPP model in the health sector have a gap that the researcher has identified. Therefore, this study aims to investigate practitioners' opinions regarding the implementation of the PPP model in the health sector as well as the public's perspective of the model's many aspects.

Automatic monitoring the risk coupling of foundation pits: integrated point cloud, computer vision and Bayesian networks approach

PurposeManual monitoring is a conventional method for monitoring and managing construction safety risks. However, construction sites involve risk coupling - a phenomenon in which multiple safety risk factors occur at the same time and amplify the probability of construction accidents. It is challenging to manually monitor safety risks that occur simultaneously at different times and locations, especially considering the limitations of risk manager’s expertise and human capacity.Design/methodology/approachTo address this challenge, an automatic approach that integrates point cloud, computer vision technologies, and Bayesian networks for simultaneous monitoring and evaluation of multiple on-site construction risks is proposed. This approach supports the identification of risk couplings and decision-making process through a system that combines real-time monitoring of multiple safety risks with expert knowledge. The proposed approach was applied to a foundation project, from laboratory experiments to a real-world case application.FindingsIn the laboratory experiment, the proposed approach effectively monitored and assessed the interdependent risks coupling in foundation pit construction. In the real-world case, the proposed approach shows good adaptability to the actual construction application.Originality/valueThe core contribution of this study lies in the combination of an automatic monitoring method with an expert knowledge system to quantitatively assess the impact of risk coupling. This approach offers a valuable tool for risk managers in foundation pit construction, promoting a proactive and informed risk coupling management strategy.

Performance Analysis of Buildings Subjected to Foundation Reinforcement

Theoretical Framework: Soil uncertainty poses a challenge for engineers when designing foundation projects, potentially leading to errors and subsequent problems in building construction. These problems include excessive settlements, which can aesthetically, functionally, and structurally impact buildings, resulting in discomfort, high costs, and safety risks for people. This study aims to evaluate the model proposed by Gusmão in 2006 to predict the settlement of buildings before, during, and after foundation reinforcement. Method: The methodology adopted for this research involves applying the model to building A, which underwent foundation reinforcement using self-drilling injected micropiles. The measured settlements were analyzed and compared with the results obtained through the application of the model. Results and Discussion: The model matched the settlement curve measured on-site. It was observed that during the pile driving process, the settlement rate increased. This was found through the ratio between the velocities after the start of pile driving and before the start of reinforcement, which showed values greater than 0 in approximately 95.2% of the applied pillars. Building A stabilized slowly. The calculated λ value for building A was 0.0005. Research Implications: The use of the model is an important tool for selecting the type of foundation reinforcement to be adopted. The parameters found help in choosing the type of pile and the construction process, reducing the number of errors and attempts until the most appropriate reinforcement solution is found, consequently lowering the cost. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature, as the application of this model to real cases of reinforcement had not yet been published, making it an innovative contribution to one of the main phases of the process, the design. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by the parameters found and the model's fit to the measurements taken throughout the reinforcement process, proving that the model is satisfactory.

Tumor-informed deep sequencing of ctDNA detects minimal residual disease and predicts relapse in osteosarcoma

Current surveillance modalities of osteosarcoma relapse exhibit limited sensitivity and specificity. Although circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been established as a biomarker of minimal residual disease (MRD) in many solid tumors, a sensitive ctDNA detection technique has not been thoroughly explored for longitudinal MRD detection in osteosarcoma. From August 2019 to June 2023, 59 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were evaluated in this study. Tumor-informed MRD panels were developed through whole exome sequencing (WES) of tumor tissues. Longitudinal blood samples were collected during treatment and subjected to multiplex PCR-based next-generation sequencing (NGS). Kaplan-Meier curves and Log-rank tests were used to compare outcomes, and Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors. WES analysis of 83 patients revealed substantial mutational heterogeneity, with non-recurrent mutated genes accounting for 58.1%. Tumor-informed MRD panels were successfully obtained for 85.5% of patients (71/83). Among 59 patients with successful MRD panel customization and available blood samples, 13 patients exhibited positive ctDNA detection after surgery. Patients with negative post-operative ctDNA had better event-free survival (EFS) compared to those with positive ctDNA, at 1-6 months after surgery, after adjuvant chemotherapy, and more than 6 months after surgery (p<0.05). In both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, ctDNA results emerged as a significant predictor of EFS (p<0.05). ctDNA detection preceded positive imaging in 5 patients, with an average lead time of 92.6 days. Thirty-nine patients remained disease-free, with ctDNA results consistently negative or turning negative during follow-up. Our study underscores the applicability of tumor-informed deep sequencing of ctDNA in osteosarcoma MRD surveillance and, to our knowledge, represents the largest cohort to date. ctDNA detection is a significant prognostic factor, enabling the early identification of tumor relapse and progression compared to standard imaging, thus offering valuable insights in guiding osteosarcoma patient management. The Grants of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82072964, 82072965, 82203798, 82203026), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (No. 2023A1515012659, 2023A1515010302), and the Regional Combination Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong (No. 2020A1515110010).

Integrating sustainability factors into corporate financial reporting in the modern ESG agenda context. Part 2

Subject. This article discusses innovations and trends in the development of corporate reporting standardization within the framework of the IFRS Foundation project and the initiative of the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group. Objectives. The article aims to reveal the essence of the main innovations and characterize the prospects for improving corporate financial reporting in the context of the development of ESG Standards by the International Sustainability Standards Board of the IFRS Foundation and the Task Force of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards Project. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, comparison, and generalization. Results. Based on an analysis of the ESG agenda modern realities, the article identifies prerequisites and trends in the development of corporate reporting standardization in relation to the integration of sustainable development factors into financial reporting, and determines the impact of innovations of the two systems of sustainability reporting standards being developed on the informative and analytical value of corporate reporting. Conclusions and Relevance. The need to overcome the limitations and shortcomings of the GRI standards predetermined the development of two new systems of standards in the context of the ESG agenda modern realities. The International Sustainability Standards Board of the IFRS Foundation is developing standards designed to become a global framework for the disclosure of information on sustainable development, focused on the needs of investors and financial markets. The European Financial Reporting Advisory Group is developing European Sustainability Reporting Standards, which should cover a wide range of topics to meet the information needs of various stakeholders. New systems of ESG reporting standards are aimed at generating complete, coherent, comparable and verifiable information in the field of sustainable development. The research results obtained will contribute to the further promotion of sustainability reporting, improve corporate financial reporting practices by incorporating the impact of sustainability issues on value creation, and enhance stakeholder awareness and decision-making in a comprehensive and ESG-informed manner.

Estimation of Additional Costs by Seismic Safety in Shallow Foundations Projects

Additional costs for seismic safety in shallow foundation projects for five reinforced concrete buildings with different dimensions in plan and prop, in the city of Santiago de Cuba, an area of greatest seismic danger in Cuba are evaluated. Costs of foundation plates for seismic, wind load and gravity loads are compared separately. Physical mechanical properties were obtained from testing soil samples by SPT test at the construction area. Requirements for designing foundation plates result from the structural modeling using SAP 2000 NL version 14 for combination load according to current Cuban regulations. The book Excel DISCAR 3.0 was used for designing the geotechnical and structural foundation. Budgets were calculated by using the PRESWIN program, showing increases costs for seismic safety of foundation plates between 34 to 66% in relation to similar costs obtained by wind loads or gravitational loads, significantly increasing the dimensions of foundation's plates, concrete and excavation volumes as well as total reinforcing steel weight for seismic loads.

Sea Surface Height Measurements Based on Multi-Antenna GNSS Buoys.

Sea level monitoring is an essential foundational project for studying global climate change and the rise in sea levels. Satellite radar altimeters, which can sometimes provide inaccurate sea surface height data near the coast, are affected by both the instrument itself and geophysical factors. Buoys equipped with GNSS receivers offer a relatively flexible deployment at sea, allowing for long-term, high-precision measurements of sea surface heights. When operating at sea, GNSS buoys undergo complex movements with multiple degrees of freedom. Attitude measurements are a crucial source of information for understanding the motion state of the buoy at sea, which is related to the buoy's stability and reliability during its development. In this study, we designed and deployed a four-antenna GNSS buoy with both position and attitude measurement capabilities near Jimiya Wharf in Qingdao, China, to conduct offshore sea surface monitoring activities. The GNSS data were processed using the Precise Point Positioning (PPK) method to obtain a time series of sea surface heights, and the accuracy was evaluated using synchronous observation data from a small sea surface height radar. The difference between the GNSS buoy and the full-time radar was calculated, resulting in a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.15 cm. Concurrently, the attitude of the GNSS buoy was calculated using multi-antenna technology, and the vertical elevation of the GNSS buoy antenna was corrected using the obtained attitude data. The RMSE between the corrected GNSS buoy data and the high ground radar was 1.12 cm, indicating that the four-antenna GNSS buoy can not only acquire high-precision coastal sea level data but also achieve synchronous measurement of the buoy's attitude. Furthermore, the data accuracy was also improved after the sea level attitude correction.

Integrating sustainability factors into corporate financial reporting in the modern ESG agenda context. Part 1

Subject. This article discusses innovations and trends in the development of corporate reporting standardization within the framework of the IFRS Foundation project and the initiative of the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group. Objectives. The article aims to reveal the essence of the main innovations and characterize the prospects for improving corporate financial reporting in the context of the development of ESG Standards by the International Sustainability Standards Board of the IFRS Foundation and the Task Force of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards Project. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, comparison, and generalization. Results. Based on an analysis of the ESG agenda modern realities, the article identifies prerequisites and trends in the development of corporate reporting standardization in relation to the integration of sustainable development factors into financial reporting, and determines the impact of innovations of the two systems of sustainability reporting standards being developed on the informative and analytical value of corporate reporting. Conclusions and Relevance. The need to overcome the limitations and shortcomings of the GRI standards predetermined the development of two new systems of standards in the context of the ESG agenda modern realities. The International Sustainability Standards Board of the IFRS Foundation is developing standards designed to become a global framework for the disclosure of information on sustainable development, focused on the needs of investors and financial markets. The European Financial Reporting Advisory Group is developing European Sustainability Reporting Standards, which should cover a wide range of topics to meet the information needs of various stakeholders. New systems of ESG reporting standards are aimed at generating complete, coherent, comparable and verifiable information in the field of sustainable development. The research results obtained will contribute to the further promotion of sustainability reporting, improve corporate financial reporting practices by incorporating the impact of sustainability issues on value creation, and enhance stakeholder awareness and decision-making in a comprehensive and ESG-informed manner.

Multi-scale 3D-CRU for EEG emotion recognition* *This research has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund Key Project (U2003207), National Natural Science Foundation of China (6220100261902064), Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (No. 1908085MF209), Key Projects of Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province Universities (No. KJ2018A0018).

In this paper, we propose a novel multi-scale 3D-CRU model, with the goal of extracting more discriminative emotion feature from EEG signals. By concurrently exploiting the relative electrode locations and different frequency subbands of EEG signals, a three-dimensional feature representation is reconstructed wherein the Delta (δ) frequency pattern is included. We employ a multi-scale approach, termed 3D-CRU, to concurrently extract frequency and spatial features at varying levels of granularity within each time segment. In the proposed 3D-CRU, we introduce a multi-scale 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3D-CNN) to effectively capture discriminative information embedded within the 3D feature representation. To model the temporal dynamics across consecutive time segments, we incorporate a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) module to extract temporal representations from the time series of combined frequency-spatial features. Ultimately, the 3D-CRU model yields a global feature representation, encompassing comprehensive information across time, frequency, and spatial domains. Numerous experimental assessments conducted on publicly available DEAP and SEED databases provide empirical evidence supporting the enhanced performance of our proposed model in the domain of emotion recognition. These findings underscore the efficacy of the features extracted by the proposed multi-scale 3D-GRU model, particularly with the incorporation of the Delta (δ) frequency pattern. Specifically, on the DEAP dataset, the accuracy of Valence and Arousal are 93.12% and 94.31%, respectively, while on the SEED dataset, the accuracy is 92.25%.

Impact of tumour stroma-immune interactions on survival prognosis and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in bladder cancer

The tumour stroma is associated with unfavourable prognosis in diverse solid tumours, but its prognostic and predictive value in bladder cancer (BCa) is unclear. In this multicentre, retrospective study, we included 830 patients with BCa from six independent cohorts. Differences in overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were investigated between high-tumour stroma ratio (TSR) and low-TSR groups. Multi-omics analyses, including RNA sequencing, immunohistochemistry, and single-cell RNA sequencing, were performed to study stroma-immune interactions. TSR prediction models were developed based on pelvic CT scans, and the best performing model was selected based on receiver operator characteristic analysis. Compared to low-TSR tumours, high-TSR tumours were significantly associated with worse OS (HR=1.193, 95% CI: 1.046-1.361, P=0.008) and CSS (HR=1.337, 95% CI: 1.139-1.569, P<0.001), and lower rate of pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). High-TSR tumours exhibited higher infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, including Tregs and tumour-associated neutrophils, while low-TSR tumours exhibited higher infiltration of immune-activating cells such as CD8+ Teff and XCR1+ dendritic cells. The TSR prediction model was developed by combining the intra-tumour and tumour base radiomics features, and showed good performance to predict high-TSR, as indicted by area under the curve of 0.871 (95% CI: 0.821-0.921), 0.821 (95% CI: 0.731-0.911), and 0.801 (95% CI: 0.737-0.865) in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively. In patients with low predicted TSR, 92.3% (12/13) achieved pCR, while only 35.3% (6/17) of patients with high predicted TSR achieved pCR. The tumour stroma was found to be significantly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with BCa as a result of tumour stroma-immune interactions. The radiomics prediction model provided non-invasive evaluation of TSR and was able to predict pCR in patients receiving NAC for BCa. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82373254 and 81961128027), Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2023A1515010258), Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2023B1212060013). Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (SL2022A04J01754), Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Clinical Research 5010 Program (Grant No. SYS-5010Z-202401).