Social Policy Formulation Research Articles

The Limits of Capitalism: the Rent-Seeking Society as a Global Alternative

The natural limits of capitalism are expressed not only in the global suspension of economic growth, which has been considered endless. It is also a crisis of its non-economic legitimization, of those political forms that have made possible smoothing of inequality generated by capitalism. The nation-state, the model of social state and representative democracy were the mechanisms of access for the most citizens to the fruits of the economic growth generated by capitalism. However, the growth limits of available public resources did not significantly change the strategies of political and economic elites. Attempts to redistribute the non-growing public pie were expressed in neoliberal rhetoric; devaluation of the political nation model as co-citizenship; reduction of forms of social policy; the crisis of democracy, expressed in a return to its narrow interpretation as Schumpeterian competition of the elites. The tendencies related to the fact that the elites would like to keep receiving an additional piece of the public pie at the expense of the majority, reinforce inequality and deprive capitalism of convincing value-institutional regulation that have earlier ensured its stable existence. There is a growing demand in society for return to a more egalitarian model of the distribution of public resources. Its options are less and less associated with capitalism as a society dominated by market metaphor that ideologically represents modernity, but for many reasons has ceased to provide acceptable prospects for the majority. It seems that rental society is becoming an alternative to capitalism without economic growth and with a shrinking labor market. In the rental society, the key mechanisms of stratification and access to resources are again moving from the market to the nation-state, non-market types of public exchanges are strengthening, and social policy is striving for a model of basic unconditional income. The room for social construction is reduced to local utopias and virtues of various minorities, while populism becomes the dominant form of political discourse, which instead of decaying economic classes turns to the majority and is compatible with both the right and the left political value systems.

The effect of adaptive capacity to malaria on subjective welfare in Ghana

Abstract There is a significant correlation between ​climate variability and the incidence of climate-sensitive diseases such as malaria. This has implications for the welfare of households affected by malaria especially in resource-poor communities. Vulnerability and resilience underpin adaptive capacity to malaria, hence understanding the relationship between the latter and welfare is critical for social welfare policy formulation. Yet, the relationship between the adaptive capacity of households and the subjective evaluation of their welfare has not been adequately explored by previous studies. We adopt the theoretical framework developed by van Praag (1968) to investigate this relationship among the urban poor in Accra, Ghana. We found that, to equalize subjective welfare across households with heterogenous adaptive capacities to malaria, those with low adaptive capacity require higher income compared to their counterparts who have high adaptive capacity. Furthermore, households that receive social support require a lower level of income, compared to those who give support and those who neither give nor receive support, to reach the same level of verbal quantification of welfare.

Actores en procesos de transferencia de políticas sociales en América Latina

En esta nota de investigación se aborda el rol de los actores en los procesos de formulación de políticas sociales y en su transferencia entre países de América Latina. El diverso grupo de actores que es posible identificar en la literatura incentiva a ajustar la discusión sobre algunas de sus particularidades: carácter individual o colectivo, rol técnico o político. A través de este ejercicio se perfilan futuras líneas de trabajo y una nomenclatura —tecnócrata social—, las que aportan tanto a la literatura acerca de políticas públicas en Chile como a los estudios respecto de la transferencia y la difusión de políticas en América Latina.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФІНАНСУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СФЕРИ ОБ’ЄДНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД ВОЛИНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

У статті систематизовано найбільш вживані наукові підходи до ідентифікації поняття «соціальна сфера» та подано власне бачення поняття «фінансування соціальної сфери», під яким розуміємо формування і використання бюджетних коштів на фінансування галузей, підприємств, організацій, які безпосередньо пов’язані і визначають спосіб і рівень життя людей, їх добробут, споживання (освіта, культура, охорона здоров’я тощо).
 Промоніторено основні показники фінансування соціальної сфери ОТГ, зокрема проведено оцінку структури, динаміки видатків соціальної сфери бюджетами ОТГ Волинської області здійснено аналіз виконання видатків соціальної сфери бюджетами територіальних громад.
 Проведено SWOT-аналіз механізму фінансування соціальної сфери в Україні. Виявлено, що в Україні, у тому числі ОТГ, на разі невідпрацьована співпраця з недержавним сектором, із благодійними та релігійними організаціями. Тому основне навантаження лежить на бюджетах різних рівнів. Вважаємо, що роздержавлення соціальної сфери через децентралізацію соціальних послуг, детальний підбір постачальників послуг усіх форм власності, залучення громадських, приватних і благодійних організацій має стати пріоритетом при формуванні соціальної політики держави.

Gender aspects of social policy formation in Ukraine

The article considers gender aspects of social policy formation in Ukraine. It is determined that the European integration vector of development chosen by Ukraine requires observance of the principles of sustainable development and achievement of equality of women and men in all spheres of society. It was found that the perception of gender in society is not a stable category, but depends on cultural and social traditions, and may change with changing environments. Ukraine's steps over the past 5 years to implement the principle of gender equality are analyzed and it is established that Ukraine has a sufficiently developed regulatory framework, however, its practical implementation is still imperfect. The creation of gender profiles of regions has been studied and it has been found that they are a useful tool for developing strategies for the development of the region, in determining the priorities of social policy, monitoring and evaluation of activities, etc. It was found that gender mainstreaming in social policy-making will emphasize the special needs of women and men in need of state assistance, which will ensure more accurate policy formulation, efficient allocation of resources, targeted use of budget funds and gender-sensitive decision-making. Innovative approaches to gender mainstreaming in social policy-making at both national and regional levels are analyzed. It is established that gender audit will ensure gender parity of participants in the decision-making process, and gender analysis of decisions or policies in general is aimed at identifying problems and differentiating needs and interests, taking into account gender distribution. Their using in the process of formation and implementation of social policy will make it possible to prevent gender inequality and ensure the formation of gender-sensitive social policy.

Democracia e feminismo no brasil

Este texto reporta-se à história do feminismo no que concerne aos períodos da ditadura militar (1964-1985): anos de chumbo, transição democrática, retorno à democracia. Apresenta a trajetória do movimento feminista que nessa época se consolida tanto em âmbito organizacional, estatal, como político e que com suas reivindicações próprias representa um dos atores de peso no processo de democratização. Refere-se às trocas de experiências feministas, até mesmo com brasileiras exiladas, que resultaram em contatos com outros movimentos sociais emergentes: mulheres da periferia, negros e homossexuais. Esse direcionamento do movimento feminista definiu suas ações em duas grandes áreas, relacionadas à formulação de políticas sociais e ampliação do debate sobre a democratização: a saúde reprodutiva e a violência contra as mulheres, o que levou o movimento em direção às classes populares, desprovidas de direitos à saúde e de direitos à assistência contra os danos da violência. Nomeia ganhos não desprezíveis para as mulheres e a democracia brasileiras como resultado da resistência ao autoritarismo dos anos da ditadura militar, dos diálogos internacionais e com outros movimentos sociais.

Human rights and social welfare pathologies: civil society perspectives on contemporary practice across UK jurisdictions – critical analysis of third cycle UPR data

ABSTRACT This study uses discourse analysis of the critical views expressed in the corpus of United Nations’ Universal Periodic Review (UPR) submissions by civil society organisations (CSOs), in order to explore how the UK, Welsh, Scottish and Northern Ireland governments are responding to their international human rights treaty obligations in the formulation and delivery of social policy. Developed from Hogwood and Peters’ work on the pathology of public policy, the analytical framework investigates CSOs’ critical framings of the disorders, progress and challenges related to social policy-making in the UK. The findings show a raft of shortcomings including a poor monitoring and enforcement, gaps in social protection and discrimination. The original contribution this study is threefold: 1. revealing the nature of prevailing rights violations in the UK; 2. outlining the territorial narratives and contrasts between jurisdictions in the wake of devolution; and 3. showing how the systemic nature of rights violations can be conceptualised using Hogwood and Peters’ theory of public policy making pathologies.

Reflection of the Russian Empire Social Policy (1861–1914)
 in English-American Historiography

The article analyzes English and American researchers’ works which reflected the factors that influenced the formation of the state social policy of the Russian Empire in 1861–1914 and its individual aspects. It is noted that in studies on institutional history foreign scholars point to the problems in organizing the system of local government and self-government, which negatively affected the development
 of the social sphere. These drawbacks include the lack of institutional unity between the various branches of government and a single strategic purpose for the
 state development, the inability of various institutions of power to provide an effective solution to the problems of the population. These issues are indicated by A. Verner, N. Weissman, T. Pearson and others. The works of this direction contain
 negative or neutral assessments of the state internal policy, which included social policy. Its certain aspects have also received coverage in the studies on social history. In foreign historiography attention was paid to such problems as the development of charity in the Russian Empire and the situation of children, as and the healthcare system. For understanding the essence of the state social policy, the conclusions made by A. Lindenmeyr are of particular value. She points to gradual rationalization of assistance to the people in need as well as maintaining the general control of the state over its development. B. Gorshkov, analyzing the problem of child labor in the Russian Empire, for the first time affects the actual social policy of the state. He emphasizes that in this direction, state institutions and the public
 have managed to establish successful cooperation and achieve positive results.

Decent work for sustainable development inpost‐crisisNepal: Social policy challenges and a way forward

AbstractAlthough the Decent Work agenda has received significant attention in the context of sustainable development, the formulation and implementation of appropriate social policies in developing countries remain an underexplored subject. This article responds to this gap and traces country‐specific Decent Work related policies and programs in Nepal—which is recovering from two major crises: a decade‐long armed conflict that ended in 2006 as well as the 2015 earthquake. Drawing on Critical Policy Analysis framework, this article examines how key tenets of the International Labour Organisation's Decent Work platform, namely creation and provision of employment, social protection, social dialogue and rights at work have manifested in Nepal. The findings indicate that while attempts have been made to embrace the Decent Work agenda into social policies and programs, structural instability of political processes means that there is a lack of strategic directions to address a capacity deficit specific to the informal sector and outbound labour migrants. The article makes broader analytical contributions towards evaluating the implementation of social policies driven by the global priority in the context of developing nations with weak governance settings. In countries like Nepal, where the majority of workers are located within the informal sector and as such the administrative reach and effectiveness of Decent Work related social policies designed for the formal sector are limited.

M5. A MULTIMODAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF LEFT-BEHIND CHILDREN’S VISUAL PERCEPTION PROCESSING

BackgroundLeft-behind children（LBC has experienced parent-child separation, which is a special parent-child separation and social isolation model. Adverse events in early development may have important effects on the development of the nervous system, including the influence on sensory and perceptual cognitive processing, thus increasing the susceptibility to mental illness. Meanwhile, there are various neurological and brain root causes behind left-behind children’s learning difficulties, non-socialization and other psychological behavior problems. In addition, left-behind may have sensory, perceptual and cognitive processing abnormalities. This study tries to elaborate and extract the eye movement characteristics of left-behind children, lay a foundation for the discussion of the mechanism of abnormal visual processing, and provide a scientific basis for follow-up of left-behind children and the early identification, prevention and control of mental diseases.MethodsThe standards for grouping left-behind children are as follows: the children who are separated from both parents 6 months after birth and spend less than 2 months with their parents each month, and the non-left-behind children with matched gender, age and education years, exclusion criteria is: neurological diseases, family history of mental illness, broken family (single parent, bereavement), high myopia (greater than 1000 degrees), eye and eyelash cannot be identified by infrared light. EyeControl portable eye movement tester (built-in infrared, speed: 100Hz, error <0.5°) developed by Qingtech and its software processing system were used. The subjects’ eye movements and various analysis indexes in various tasks were collected. The eye movement indexes of smooth pursuit eye movement, fixation stability and free browsing were collected, so as to investigate the effects of left-behind on static attention retention, visual tracking and face recognition in social scenes.ResultsAmong the 175 children, the smooth tracking mean deviation of LBC is significantly increased (P=0.017). The mean deviation of the O and S-curve tracking of the LBC is significantly increased (P=0.018; P=0.034), and the OS curve mean deviation and hyperactivity correlated (r=-0.273, P=0.011). In terms of the time that peak deviation takes (F=4.329, P=0.014), there is significant interaction between the age groups and the left-behind groups. In the social scenes, the first fixation time of face (P=0.039), the number of eye entry count (P=0.020), and the eye fixation time (P=0.003) of LBC are all significantly reduced, and the number of mouth entry count (P=0.007) and the number of fixation (P=0.023) of LBC are all significantly increased. Under the circumstance of low facial processing, there is a significant difference between LBC and NLBC (P=0.009), and that difference is not significant under the circumstance of high facial processing, and there is a significant difference between low facial processing LBC and high facial processing NLBC (P=0.007).DiscussionLeft-behind children have obstacles in dynamic visual information processing, insufficient inhibition and control, and poor cognitive flexibility, which may be related to hyperactivity. The attention retention in visual tracking decreased with the increase of age. Left-behind children have difficulties in face recognition in social scenes. In the case of low facial processing, left-behind children aggravated the defects of speech comprehension, while in the case of high facial processing, left-behind children had no significant influence on speech comprehension. Therefore, we should intervene the left-behind children in the early days, and this study provides a scientific basis for the formulation of social policies.

Механизм управления социальным развитием организации в России

The aim of the study is to analyze the mechanism for managing the social development of Russian organizations. The article discusses the historical aspects of social processes, priority areas of the concept of the formation of a new social policy, the goals of modern social programs. A visual mechanism for managing social development is given, recommendations are formulated to ensure its eff ective operation. The domestic methodology for calculating social indicators based on compiling social passports in the context of humanization of labor and social infrastructure is considered. The typical organizational structures of the personnel management system of Western and Russian organizations are analyzed, distinguishing characteristics are noted. In practice, the traditional tool for implementing the mechanism of managing social development is a set of social benefi ts, in connection with which the article provides an analysis of the components of the social package. The characteristic of social, moral, creative incentives, options for intangible incentives in modern Russian companies, methods and specifi c measures of intangible incentives are given.

Удосконалення організаційно-економічних та фінансових механізмів реалізації державної соціальної та молодіжної політики в контексті підтримки сталого розвитку

The scientific work presents the results of researches on the problems of improvement of organizational, economic and financial mechanisms of realization of the state social and youth policy in the context of support of sustainable development. The scientific vision of sustainable development as a special type of social activity in the context of social and youth policy implementation is presented. The principles of sustainable development are outlined. The author’s position is grounded that for Ukraine the pressing issue of transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development is to increase the efficiency of formation and implementation of the state social and youth policy. Understands state social policy and state youth policy. The directions of the state youth policy in Ukraine, instruments of formation and realization of the state youth policy are presented. The low social activity of young people in Ukraine is pointed out. According to the conducted research, the solution of the problem of increasing the efficiency of formation and implementation of the state social and youth policy is possible due to the improvement of the appropriate organizational, economic and financial instruments. Improvement of organizational, economic and financial instruments for the implementation of state social and youth policy is possible by increasing the efficiency of the formation and implementation of relevant state target programs. The goals and objectives of the State Target Social Program «Youth of Ukraine» for 2016-2020 are analyzed. Suggestions on the subject and object of economic analysis of the implementation of state social and youth programs have been made. The criteria for the formation of a system of indicators for the economic evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of state social and youth programs are indicated. The features of determining the actual and planned effectiveness of state social and youth programs are shown. Vision on calculation of integrated financing indicator of state social and youth programs is presented. It is substantiated that the state social and youth policy should be oriented towards stimulating the so-called “social investment”. The role of social investment is highlighted. The criterion for the effectiveness of social investment is indicated. The list of directions of realization of social investments is given.

Світовий досвід формування та реалізації політики соціального захисту учасників бойових дій

Formulation of the problem. The policy of social protection of combat veterans, namely participants of hostilities (hereinafter referred to as POH), in developed countries is a priority issue of state management. The countries of the world that have achieved a high level of social protection for veterans and are able to ensure the competitiveness of military service include the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France. Also, experience of Croatia and Georgia may be of interest for Ukraine.Lack of experience in coping with the consequences for combat veterans actualizes scientific research into the achievements in this area of the countries with the positive practice of developing social security systems for veterans, which will allow improving the national social protection system, taking into account the economic, political and other realias of Ukraine.Analysis of recent research and publications. Extensive research into the best international practices of social protection of combat veterans was carried out by many domestic and foreign researchers and public NGOs, among which the following deserve special attention: A. Husak, I. Datsyuk, S. Korolev, Yu. Kalagin, O. Shkuropatsky, OO Kondratenko, Ukrainian Union of Afghan Veterans, The Legal Hundred, European Information and Research Center, and others. Despite the rather diverse approach to the problem in the scientific literature, the works that would comprehensively reveal the peculiarities of the implementation of world experience in the formulation and implementation of the state policy of social protection of POH are currently lacking.Formulating the purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to investigate the institutional, regulatory, and practical aspects of the formation and implementation of social protection policy for veterans - combatants in a number of countries of the world.Outline of the main research material. Most developed countries had a rather long period of formulating combat veterans' social protection policies and developing appropriate mechanisms for their implementation: from the end of the eighteenth to the beginning of the twenty-first century. Generalization of world experience in developing a system of social protection for combat veterans, in particular the USA, Great Britain, Germany, France, Croatia and Georgia were conducted according to the following parameters: policy-makers and policy-implementators, legislative support and main activities in the field of social protection of combat veterans.The subjects of formation of the state policy of social protection of veterans are the bodies of state power and institutes of civil society which define the basic directions of protection. It should be noted that the governments of these countries have an appropriate executive body which, together with other institutions, implements social security policy for combat veterans - POH. In the US and Croatia, the main executive body is the Ministry of Veterans Affairs, in the United Kingdom and Germany - the Ministry of Defense, in France - the Ministry of the Armed Forces, in Georgia - the State Veterans Service.It should be noted that the military legislation of these countries is constantly updated in line with the challenges of today. A number of common features and differences can be distinguished regarding the directions of the state policy of social protection of POH and combat veterans. The main directions are: pension and preferential care, health care, vocational adaptation and psychological rehabilitation, housing issues. Effective information platforms, preferential mortgages, life insurance and pastoral care also are in force in many countries.Conclusions. It is advisable for Ukraine to develop social protection system for combat veterans, focusing and relying on already existing effective mechanisms for implementing veterans 'social protection policies in developed countries, a convenient system of enquiries for citizens, efficient feedback, a high level of awareness combat veterans of their rights and guarantees, effective social support programs.The direction of further research may be international mechanisms for communication between public authorities, civil society institutions and veterans, means of establishing effective feedback, maintaining the image of combat veterans, their social adaptation.

ACCESSIBILITY AS AN IMPORTANT CONDITION OF RIGHTS REALIZATION FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

The article considers the problem of accessibility as an important condition of realization of social and legal support for people with disabilities, analyzes the effectiveness of state social policy to protect the rights of people with disabilities, and systematizes knowledge in the field of architectural, transport and information accessibility. The article analyzes such accessibility groups as physical, informational, institutional, mental, as well as international and domestic regulations that determine the need to ensure the accessibility of physical, social, cultural environment, health and education, information and communication for persons with disabilities. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current problems of legal support of people with disabilities, identify their causes and suggest ways to improve, explore the relationship between ensuring the rights of people with disabilities and the issue of creating a barrier-free environment. In accordance with the goal, the effectiveness of the state social policy on the protection of the rights of people with disabilities is analyzed. The article uses such theoretical research methods as analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization, monitoring. The study concludes with special attention to the problem of employment of persons with disabilities and the introduction of positive experience in solution of this issue, the need to modernize the existing social protection system and expand the range of social services to the private sector, as well as solution of this issue on the state level on including persons with disabilities to the formation of social policy.

Genesis of State Social Policy of Ukraine: Administrative and Legal Aspect

The author of the article studies and systematizes the set of available scientific achievements on the origin, formation and development of state social policy of Ukraine, considering the fact that one of the priorities of Ukrainian society in the need for progressive improvement of all mechanisms of public administration is the formation of effective social policy. And taking into account the aggregate of the most urgent issues of the development of our state, connected with overcoming the negative phenomena in a social life, the administrative and legal provision of the reliable mechanism of social protection of the population by public authorities requires particular attention. The author of the research analyzes the historical and legal base of the social sphere of the Ukrainian state since the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine until now. It is emphasized that international legislation aimed at ensuring human rights and freedoms became the basis of regulatory and legal provision of the social sphere in Ukraine.&#x0D; It is noted that the analysis of the content of social functions of the Ukrainian state is characterized by the presence of factors of democratic state formation in the society that is focused on the European vector. The author followed the chronological sequence of the formation of social institutions and legislative regulation of social relations in the state, which led to the current state of social policy. The difficult way of the formation of modern social policy of Ukraine, its achievements, weaknesses and perspective directions of the development are highlighted. The author defines the priority directions of future scientific researches in the specified sphere.

THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL AND THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION – ORIGINS AND TRANSFORMATIONS

The paper describes the cooperation between the International Labour Organisation and the new post- WWII European institutions – mainly Council of Europe and European Economic Community – in the fi eld of social security. At the centre of interest are ILO Convention 102 (1952) and the ILO’s “Ohlin report” (1956) and how they have co-shaped the evolution of the “European Social Model” in the long run. In its second part, the paper nests these developments into the paradigm change, that took place in the 1970s, from Keynesian to neo-liberal policies. While taking due account of ILO–EU divergence in social policy, which began in the 1960s, it describes in broad strokes the later impacts of the paradigm change on social policy formulation in the (new) “competition state”, in which welfare (“the ESM”) was no longer the goal but became a means to strengthen economic performance.

Нова якість життя як складова соціальної безпеки

An important function of the socially oriented State is the formation of its social security. The implementation of a number of measures that guarantee the protection of interests in the social sphere of both an individual citizen and the country as a whole is a task of social security. The purpose of the article is to develop a conceptual approach to the formation of a new quality of life as part of social security. The provisions of the conceptual approach to the formation of social standards of a new quality of life as part of social security in Ukraine are formulated. One of the steps towards the systematic transformation of social policy is the development of a conceptual scheme for the formation of social standards of a new quality of life in Ukraine, which closer defines and details its components: principles, techniques, directions of use, sources of funding, forms of financing, system of provision. It is noted that the basis for the construction of a conceptual scheme for the formation of social standards of a new quality of life in Ukraine is the use of two groups of techniques: the first group directly reflects the provision of citizens: determining the norms and standards of quality of life of the population, determining the normative standard of living, determining the budget limits; the second – indirectly, through the tariff policy in the sphere of social insurance and benefits influences the welfare of citizens. It is also emphasized that in the formation of social policy in terms of determining the social standards of a new quality of life it is necessary to combine and gradually move from the administrative-subsidized to the insurance system of provision. Formation of social standards of new quality of life of the population of Ukraine in the context of social security requires the State to form a balanced socio-economic policy, which aims to implement structural changes in the economy in the context of the implementation of social priorities of society, to form a socially fair and effective system of distribution of created amenities, to ensure social orientation of expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine.

СОЦІАЛЬНИЙ ТУРИЗМ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

The essence, functions and social components of tourism are defined in the article. The strategic goals of the state social policy, which can be solved by social tourism, are determined . ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL ECONOMY Issue IV (80), 2020 35 The analysis of foreign experience taking into account social tourism in the formation of social policy, determining the degree of readiness of Ukraine to introduce social tourism is carried out. The relevance of this article is that recreation and leisure are important factors in the lives of most people, but may be inaccessible and limited to certain categories of people. Therefore, in our opinion, the decision on the issue of inaccessibility and organization of recreation should be partially taken over by the state. This is due to one of its most important functions, namely social, where the center of security is the person, his life and health. Since most of the functions of the state can be realized through politics, we believe that social tourism can become one of the effective elements of social policy. For tourism to become social, it must be accessible to society and create the opportunity to restore human resources for different categories of people, especially those with disabilities. The article is to reveal the essence of social tourism, to identify the main social components that can become an element of social policy of the state. The proposed results indicate that social tourism can be included in the list of social services, and foreign experience in the use of holiday checks can be used by private enterprises to restore the workforce and improve the health of the team. Prospects for further research requires issues of financial and economic nature, filling the state budget for the allocation of subsidies for the development of social tourism and creating conditions for its accessibility for the poor

Methodological concepts of state regulation in the formation of state social policy

Methodological concepts of state regulation in the formation of state social policy

Роль соціальних стандартів у соціальній політиці країни

The article is aimed at defining the role of social standards in the formation of social policy of the country. The peculiarities of interpretation of social policy in scientific literature are analyzed, key agents of the social policy interaction are identified as follows: economic policy, health policy, education and fiscal policy. Education policy provides the economy with human capital and thereby creates preconditions for economic development. Economic policy interacts with social policy in terms of distribution of access to goods, services and resources, as well as in terms of providing employment. In turn, fiscal policy carries out the secondary distribution of income through transfers. Social policy, aside from social protection of the population, aims to create conditions for access to education and services of the health care system. The structure of social standards and guarantees enshrined in the Law of Ukraine «On the State Social Standards and the State Social Guarantees» is considered in terms of definitions of terms, aim and purpose. A brief overview of the world practice of implementation of social welfare programs is specified, in the development of which social standards are taken into account, as well as existing approaches to the formation of social security in Ukraine. As a result of the carried out research, it was found that through preventive, restorative and compensatory interventions, social security allows beneficiaries to maintain their standard of living, find work or improve their own prospects in the labor market, as well as create conditions for social integration and preservation of physical and mental health. In this context, social standards are the criteria for the need for intervention and play the role of the norm on the amount of interference for the implementation of social policy of the State. On the other hand, social standards can act as targeted benchmarks of this policy, agreed with the goals of the country’s development.