Inventory Form Research Articles

KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN DENGAN LUKA KAKI DIABETIK

The prevalence of diabetes continues to increase from year to year in 2021. There were 90 million cases and 5.5% are predicted to have diabetic foot ulcers, and it is predicted that it will increase by 68% in 2045 with 152 million patients. This study was conducted to determine whether there was a relationship between duration of diabetes and age on the level of anxiety in patients with diabetic foot ulcers at the Kitamura clinic in Pontianak. This type of research is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional approach. The sample used in this study were 60 respondents with diabetic foot ulcers who received treatment at the Kitamura Pancasila Pontianak Clinic, the instruments used in this study were the Anxiety Inventory (S-AI) Form questionnaire to measure anxiety levels and observation sheets for respondent demographic data. The results of the Spearman Ranks test obtained with the results of significance (2-tailed) or p value = 0.005 there is a relationship between the length of time suffering from DM with anxiety levels in diabetic foot ulcers patients and there is no relationship between age and anxiety levels in diabetic foot ulcers patients with p-value 0.064. Conclusion, there was no relationship between age and anxiety level and there was a relationship between duration of DM and anxiety level in patients with DM.

Validating scores from the short form of the Music Self-Perception Inventory (MUSPI-S) with seventh- to ninth-grade school students in Germany

The Music Self-Perception Inventory-Short (MUSPI-S) is a theoretically based instrument consisting of 28 items with subscales that assess music self-concept globally and in six specific areas. The present study sought to validate a German translation of the MUSPI-S using a sample of 444 secondary school students. In addition to participants’ scores from the German translation of the MUSPI-S, associated data included demographic background variables, self-reported school grades in various subjects, and interest in the school subject of music. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the hypothesized factor structure and measurement model for MUSPI-S scores. Latent factor correlations among MUSPI-S subscale scores and correlations of these scores with school grades and interest in the school subject of music aligned well with theoretical expectations and previous research. Findings also provided evidence for strict measurement invariance of scores in the German MUSPI-S across subgroups of gender, school year (i.e., grade level), and musical activity. MUSPI-S subscale factor-level means did not reliably differ among seventh-, eighth-, and ninth-grade students but favored females over males and musically active over non-active students on nearly all subscales. Overall, this evidence supports the use of the German translation of the MUSPI-S in assessing a wide range of important self-perceived musical abilities for research and practical assessment purposes.

Uncovering divergences and potential gaps in local greenhouse gases emissions accounting and aggregation

Due to the contribution of cities to fight climate change, approaches and methodologies for GHG emissions inventories have multiplied; research is growing and numerous initiatives support local authorities in developing their local emissions inventories. The complexity of cities and the lack of data make necessary simplifications and assumptions in inventorying GHG emissions. Despite significant progresses in the compilation of inventories, there are still limitations and uncertainties on aggregation approaches. Therefore, it becomes crucial disclosing the methodologies underlying any emissions accounting frameworks, together with any simplifications and assumptions, with the aim to produce reliable support on local measures and data- driven decision-making in the form of a trustworthy emissions inventory. This study aims at identifying divergences and potential gaps in two approaches for GHG emission inventories at local level complementing the results of previous studies. It is intended as exemplificative of potential issues and limitations occurring in emissions accounting and aggregation. The two approaches are EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research), in place for the GHSL (Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Centre Database) (GHS-UCDB R2019A) and the BEI (Baseline Emission Inventory) approach developed within the Covenant of Mayors initiative. The main limitations uncovered here feature disagreements on spatial and time coverage, on the emissions sources and allocation and the types of emissions considered. Results show that despite the diverse approaches, data is comparable. Therefore, to identify and correct inconsistencies and to ensure the quality of emission inventories available to decision makers, analysis and consistent comparisons between results originating from different and independent methodologies are essential.

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pihak Debitur dalam Perjanjian Fintech (Financial Technology)

Legal protection for debtors who use standard clauses in fintech (Financial Technology) agreements and legal certainty for fintech (Financial Technology) debtors. This research is a normative research. The research approach is legislation, conceptual, case. The research method used in this study is using a legal sociology approach with an activity plan carried out in this study for 8 months. The materials used in this study are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials and use data collection techniques used in the form of inventory, systematization and interpretation which are descriptive analysis. The results of the study indicate that the issuance of Law Number 21 of 2011 concerning the financial services authority marks the significant development of legal protection for debtors. Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions in Article 18 paragraph (1) determines that Electronic Transactions are stated in an Electronic Contract that binds debtors in an agreement. So that with the existence of a binding contract, there are legal consequences for the debtors, where the debtors have rights and obligations which if violated or not fulfilled, legal action can be taken in the form of filing a lawsuit either in court or outside the court.

Penerapan Data Mining untuk Menentukan Ketersediaan Stok Barang Berdasarkan Permintaan Konsumen di PT Indonesia Thai Summit Plastech Menggunakan K-Means Clustering

Inventory is one of the important things for companies because most of the company's activities are embedded in inventory, with various kinds of problems that exist internally and externally, between employees and superiors and between the company and customers, one of which is inventory problems. So, by having a company's inventory that is stable and in line with customer needs, it will be able to prevent problems between the company and its customers and maintain the company's survival. From the results of research carried out in checking stock availability at PT Indonesia Thai Summit Plastech, basically it is still manual, there is no system that can provide and make things easier for the company or warehouse department. With the problems mentioned above, a system is needed that is able to make it easier and provide information to the company or warehouse quickly. The results of this research produce an output in the form of stock availability patterns, stock accuracy or inventory by applying data mining using the k means clustering method.

Do organizations based in Poland need identity leadership? Polish adaptation of the short and full form of identity leadership inventory

PurposeThe study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Polish version of the identity leadership inventory (ILI) proposed by Steffens, Haslam, Reicher et al. (2014) and to confirm the relationship between identity leadership and various job-related outcomes (i.e., trust in leaders, job satisfaction, work engagement and turnover intentions) among employees from Poland-based organizations. Identity leadership appears to be a universal construct (van Dick, Ciampa, & Liang, 2018) but no one has studied it in Poland so far.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 1078 employees collected in two independent subsamples from different organizations located in Northern and Central Poland. We evaluated the ILI’s factorial structure using confirmatory factor analysis.FindingsThe results confirm that the 15-item Polish version of the ILI has a four-dimensional structure with factors representing prototypicality, advancement, entrepreneurship and impresarioship. It showed satisfactory reliability. The identity leadership inventory-short form (four items) also showed a good fit with the data. As expected, the relationships between identity leadership and important work-related outcomes (general level of job satisfaction, work engagement, trust toward the leader and turnover intentions) were also significant.Originality/valueDespite the cultural specifics of Polish organizations, the research results were generally very similar to those in other countries, confirming the universality of the ILI as shown in the Global Identity Leadership Development project (GILD, see van Dick, Ciampa, & Liang, 2018; van Dick et al., 2021).

Prediction of correlation between preoperative parents' anxiety and their child's anxiety before elective surgery under anaesthesia: An observational study.

Preoperative parental anxiety can have a profound impact on their children undergoing surgery. The present study was done to analyse the correlation between preoperative parental anxiety and their child's anxiety in paediatric patients undergoing elective surgery. Paediatric patients aged 2-12 years, scheduled for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia, were included in the study. The child's behaviour and anxiety were assessed in the preoperative area using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS). The parent filled out the demographic questionnaire and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) form in the preoperative area on the day of surgery. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics software version 23.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). A total of 150 children undergoing elective surgery were analysed. Our results showed a strong positive correlation between a child's m-YPAS and his/her parents' anxiety on the day of the surgery (STAI-state) (r = 0.545, P < 0.001). However, the correlation between a child's m-YPAS and his/her parents' anxiety levels (STAI-trait) was not found to be significant (r = 0.109, P = 0.188). A positive correlation was observed between a parent's STAI-state and STAI-trait (r = 0.366, P < 0.001). Factors like area of residence, type of surgery and previous hospitalisation had an influence on the anxiety levels of the child. The birth order of the child, previous hospitalisation and gender of the parent also influenced parental anxiety. Parental anxiety has a significant impact on the child's anxiety during the preoperative period.

Comparison of classical and patient-preferred music on anxiety and recovery after ınguinal hernia repair: a prospective randomized controlled study

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the effects of preoperative listening to patient-preferred music and classical music on postoperative anxiety and recovery.MethodsA prospective, randomized controlled, single-blind study included 255 patients who were scheduled for elective inguinal hernia operation under general anesthesia. Spielberger state State-Trait Anxiety Inventory form 1,2 (STAI-I, STAI-II), Quality of Recovery Score-40 (QoR-40) were applied in the preoperatively. In the preoperative period, the preferential music group (group P) patients listened to their favorite music, while patients in the classical music group (group C) listened to classical music, music was not played in the control group (group N). STAI-I, QoR-40 questionnaire, pain status, and patient satisfaction in the postoperative period were recorded by a blinded investigator.ResultsA total of 217 patients participated in the study analysis. Postoperative STAI-1 score was lower in group P than in group N (p = 0.025) and was similar among other groups. The postoperative QoR-40 score was significantly higher in group P than in group N (p = 0.003), and it was similar between the other groups. While SBP, DBP and HR premusic and post-music changes were significant, there was no difference in other groups. There was no difference between the groups in the NRS score. The patient satisfaction score was significantly higher in group P.ConclusionsPreoperative patient-preferred music application reduces postoperative anxiety and improves recovery quality compared to classical music. In addition, regulation of hemodynamic data and patient satisfaction increase in a preferential music application, but pain scores do not change.Trial registrationNCT04277559|https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/

Investigating the Effect of Singing Bowl Sound on the Level of State-trait Anxiety and Physiological Variables of Patients Awaiting Angiography

PurposeMany patients are anxious and fearful while waiting for angiography, which may negatively affect the performance of this test and their physiological variables. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of singing bowl sounds on situational anxiety and physiological variables of patients awaiting angiography. DesignA semiexperimental pretest and post-test study. MethodsThis semiexperimental pretest and post-test study with 2 groups was conducted from October 2022 to March 2023 in 60 patients (30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group) awaiting angiography at the Angiography Department of Rouhani Hospital, affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences. One hour before angiography, the intervention group received the singing bowl intervention in addition to routine departmental interventions, whereas the control group received only routine departmental interventions. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y-1 was used to measure anxiety. FindingsState-trait anxiety after the intervention was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P = .00). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiration were the same in the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention and showed no statistically significant difference (P > .05). ConclusionsThe results indicated that the singing bowl intervention led to an improvement in anxiety in patients waiting for angiography. Considering that this intervention was performed with a simple, cheap, and accessible instrument, it is therefore suggested that this method be used to reduce state-trait anxiety in clinical anxiety-provoking conditions. Since the physiological variables of the patients before and after the intervention showed no statistically significant difference in both groups, it is suggested that the physiological variables should be investigated in future studies and several clinical situations so that a scientific opinion on the effect of the singing bowl on these variables can be given with more certainty.

Social language development and vocabulary characteristics of three‐ to six‐year‐old children with autism spectrum disorder

AbstractThis study investigates the levels of social language and vocabulary characteristics of three‐ to six‐year‐old children with autism in Vietnam. The research is based on analysis of the developmental assessment reports of 151 children with autism, and 42 parents' reports on their children's vocabulary (recorded using the Child Word Inventory form). The findings show that about 85% of participants have a language level that is below average. The rate of accumulation of words and social language by children with autism is slower than that of typically developing children of the same age. It is also found that the participants' number of production words is 2.4 times greater than their number of reception words. Nonetheless, their receptive words have little correlation with their overall development and social language development. This implies that parents and teachers of children with autism should make a point of assisting them in enlarging and comprehending their vocabulary, to enable them to use their language (words) for effective communication.

Cheesemaking in Cheshire 1550–1750

This article supports a material turn in agricultural and food history by focusing on the utensils and equipment, along with the embodied practices involved in cheesemaking. The period of interest is the long seventeenth century when rich source material is available in the form of probate inventories—lists of the movable goods owned by deceased persons, mainly adult males, and widows. Our laboratory will be Cheshire, an English county that for 200 years, from the mid-seventeenth century, dominated the cheese supply of London and the industrial towns and cities of the north of England. We use 1600 inventories transcribed by Cheshire local historians, a significant portion of which mention cheese and cheesemaking. We argue that the making and marketing of Cheshire cheese was distinctive but that there was nothing inevitable about its success.

Inventorying and proposing solutions for street tree management in Thu Duc city, Ho Chi Minh City

Tree inventory plays an essential role in the urban landscape master plan. It serves as the foundation for data acquisition that supports the planning strategy and decisions relating to the community’s interests, particularly in recently established cities like Thu Duc city. This research was carried out from October 2021 to December 2022 in this city and aimed to inventory to gather qualified information for managing the city’s street trees. The study used an inventory form of street trees including criteria such as name, family, diameter at breast height (DBH), total height, and indicators of vitality and distance from trees to infrastructure. By this form, 287 streets were surveyed. The total number of investigated trees was 31.023 trees belonging to 65 species and 24 flora families, of which the species with a high percentage (from 10% or more) were Dipterocarpus alatus, Hopea odorata, Peltophorum pterocarpum, and Lagerstroemia speciosa. The most numerous plant family was Fabaceae. These trees typically had a height of less than 10 m, with a DBH of less than 20 cm. Many streets did not guarantee the distance between trees and infrastructure, particularly the distance to the electrical systems. The survey also showed that the majority of trees were healthy and grow healthily. From the current situation of Thu Duc city street trees, three solutions must be prioritized in order to improve street trees in this city.

The impact of audiovisual information on parental anxiety levels prior to hypospadias surgery: A prospective single center cohort study

Most parents have anxiety before a pediatric surgical procedure. Parental anxiety may impair the parents' ability to cope with new or stressful situations while their children are undergoing surgery. By effectively improving the education of parents regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and potential complications of hypospadias and surgical repair, it might be feasible to reduce their anxiety during this process. To determine whether structured audiovisual information would reduce parents' anxiety levels compared to classic verbal information. The diagnosis was made and, treatment options were explained, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form - State Anxiety (STAI-I) forms were filled out by parents at the first consultation. In the second consultation, parents were divided into structured audio-visual-information (Group-1) and classic verbal information (Group-2) groups. Following these consultations, all parents in both groups filled out STAI-I again. Parents filled out the forms for the last time on the postoperative-14th-day and the results were compared. A total of 124 (51.2%) parents were informed with structured-audiovisual-informational material and 118 parents (48.8%) were informed with classic verbal information. First STAI-I scores were 57.65±5.17 and 56.91±5.28 for Group-1 and Group-2, respectively, and there was no difference between the groups (p=0.709). The STAI-I scores after the second consultation were 44.82±5.65 and 49.42±2.81 for Group-1 and Group-2, respectively. Parental anxiety decreased in both groups following the second consultation. Notably, a statistically significant superiority was found between the groups in favor of Group-1 (p=0.001). Parents whose children will undergo hypospadias surgery experience significant anxiety. We observed that informing patients adequately and in appropriate language using a suitable method was associated with less anxiety. Preoperative parental anxiety is influenced by several variables, including parent age, parent gender, child age, lack of knowledge, and concerns over complications or pain. Although we are unable to alter the factors of child age and parent gender, we can impact parents' concerns regarding postoperative pain and anesthesia by enhancing their comprehension of the procedure via providing them of sufficient and accurate information. Providing parents with structured audio-visual information about the preoperative and postoperative period before hypospadias surgery is associated with lower parental anxiety levels. Supplying structured audiovisual information regarding the preoperative and postoperative periods can help parents have an improved comprehension of the procedure and minimize their anxiety.

Relationship between disability and physical activity frequency after cervical spine surgery: A linear mixed model analysis.

There is a paucity of data on physical activity and its effects in patients after cervical spine surgery. This study aimed to examine the association between physical activity and disability in patients after cervical spine surgery while also considering age, sex, pain, and central sensitization (CS)-related symptoms. Participants included individuals with a cervical degenerative condition who had undergone surgery. Neck disability index, physical activity frequency, numerical rating scale for pain intensity, and short form of the CS inventory were recorded more than 1 year postoperatively. The linear mixed model was performed to examine the association between physical activity and disability. The responses of 145 participants were analyzed. The linear mixed model results showed that the stretching and light-intensity exercise frequency (β=-0.14, p= 0.039) was independently associated with disability, adjusted for age, sex, pain, and CS-related symptoms. Conversely, other physical activities, such as walking and muscle strength exercises, were not associated with a disability. The findings emphasize the importance of performing regular physical activity, regardless of pain and CS-related symptoms.

Impact of pelvic floor muscle training on sexual function in women affected by stress urinary incontinence.

Pelvic floor muscle training can effectively improve pelvic floor muscle strength and activities; however, its impact on sexual function in women with stress urinary incontinence remains unclear. The study sought to investigate the impact of pelvic floor muscle training on pelvic floor muscle and sexual function in women with stress urinary incontinence. This was a retrospective observational study involving women who visited a urogynecologic clinic at a tertiary medical center. Patients with stress urinary incontinence without pelvic organ prolapse underwent pelvic floor muscle training programs that included biofeedback and intravaginal electrostimulation. Other evaluations included pelvic floor manometry, electromyography, and quality-of-life questionnaires, including the short forms of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire, Urogenital Distress Inventory, and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire. Clinical characteristics, vaginal squeezing and resting pressure, maximal pelvic floor contraction, duration of sustained contraction, quality-of-life scores, and sexual function were compared between baseline and after the pelvic floor muscle training programs. There were 61 women included in the study. The mean number of treatment sessions was 12.9 ± 6.3, and the mean treatment duration was 66.7 ± 32.1days. The short forms of the Urogenital Distress Inventory (7.7 ± 3.8 vs 1.8 ± 2.1; P < .001) and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (5.9 ± 4.3 vs 1.8 ± 2.0; P < .001) scores significantly improved after the pelvic floor muscle training program. In addition, all pelvic floor muscle activities significantly improved, including maximal vaginal squeezing pressure (58.7 ± 20.1 cmH2O vs 66.0 ± 24.7 cmH2O; P = .022), difference in vaginal resting and maximal squeezing pressure (25.3 ± 14.6 cmH2O vs 35.5 ± 16.0 cmH2O; P < .001), maximal pelvic muscle voluntary contraction (24.9 ± 13.8 μV vs 44.5 ± 18.9 μV; P < .001), and duration of contraction (6.2 ± 5.7 s vs 24.9 ± 14.6s; P < .001). Nevertheless, the short form of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire score demonstrated no significant improvement (28.8 ± 9.7 vs 29.2 ± 12.3; P = .752). Pelvic floor muscle training programs may not improve sexual function in women with stress urinary incontinence. The strength of this study is that we evaluated sexual function with validated questionnaires. The small sample size and lack of long-term data are the major limitations. Pelvic floor muscle training can improve pelvic floor muscle activities and effectively treat stress urinary incontinence; however, it may not improve sexual function.

Maladaptive personality traits and older adult relationship satisfaction: A co-twin control approach to understanding associations.

Maladaptive personality traits have been implicated in romantic relationship dissatisfaction, but the etiology of those links and the degree to which they extend to other types of relationships are unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between maladaptive personality traits and satisfaction in various relationships using a co-twin control design to identify potential environmental contributions. The sample consisted of 1340 older adult twin participants from the Minnesota Twin Registry (Mage = 70.3) that completed the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Faceted Brief Form and Network of Relationships Inventory (Revised for Older Adults). Several maladaptive personality traits were phenotypically associated with relationship dissatisfaction, with detachment and negative affect having the largest effects. Further, within twin pair differences in detachment and negative affect were associated with greater relationship dissatisfaction, suggesting that observed associations were mediated partly by the unique environment, not solely the result of genetic and familial confounding. Both phenotypic and co-twin associations were strongest overall in the romantic partner relationship. These findings support the notion that maladaptive personality traits are implicated in interpersonal dysfunction across multiple domains.

The effect of COVID-19 on pain control in patients with a neurostimulator in situ- a retrospective study.

De-novo chronic neuropathic pain following COVID-19 is widely recognised. However, there are currently no published studies investigating the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on patients with pre-existing neuropathic pain who have required spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation. Here, the authors aimed to analyse outcomes in their institution's patients who had spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation or revision procedures to the system over a 5-year period. Specifically, the short-term and long-term outcomes of patients who contracted COVID-19 during the follow-up period were compared to the control group of patients who did not. Patients included in this study had spinal cord stimulator implantation (de-novo and revision procedures) between 1 January 2017 and 31 January 2022, for neuropathic pain of any aetiology. Patients deemed eligible for the study were invited to participate in a telephone survey through which clinical outcome data were collected. Pain scores were assessed with a modified form of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Of 91 patients, 48 (52.7%) had contracted COVID-19 by the time of the survey. Patients who contracted COVID-19 had significantly worse BPI scores in the 'Least pain' domain following their infection and at time of the survey, when compared to their score 6 months after the operation. 22.9% (n = 11) of the patients who contracted COVID-19 experienced a change in their symptoms following their infection. Within this sub-group, there was a statistically significant deterioration in BPI scores in 10/11 domains following their infection and in 2/11 domains at time of the survey. Worsening severity of COVID-19 symptoms was not associated with worse BPI scores. Infection with SARS-CoV-2, in a significant proportion of patients with an SCS in situ, causes at least a transient deterioration in pain control. Further prospective multicentre studies are indicated to establish the prevalence of this phenomenon.

Effects of Subjective Social Status and Self-Esteem in the Association Between Childhood Abuse and Adulthood Anxiety.

Subjective social status influences anxiety, but at present, the mechanism is not fully understood. It has been reported that negative childhood experiences, such as abuse, can influence depressive symptoms through subjective social status and personality traits, such as self-esteem. A similar mechanism is presumed to underlie anxiety symptoms in adulthood. Therefore, we hypothesized that subjective social status and self-esteem are intermediate factors in the indirect effects of childhood abuse on state anxiety in adulthood, and analyzed the indirect effects via these factors using a path analysis. Child Abuse and Trauma Scale, Subjective Social Status, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y questionnaires were administered in a self-report format to 404 adult volunteers from January 2014 to August 2014. In addition, a path analysis was conducted to determine whether subjective social status and self-esteem are associated with the indirect effects of childhood abuse on anxiety symptoms in adulthood. Childhood abuse did not directly affect state anxiety in adulthood, but affected state anxiety via subjective social status and self-esteem. Subjective social status affected state anxiety via self-esteem. This model explained 25.2% of the variation in state anxiety in adult volunteers. The present study demonstrated that childhood abuse affects anxiety in adulthood through subjective social status and self-esteem. Therefore, interventions that enhance subjective social status and self-esteem for adults who experienced childhood abuse may help reduce their anxiety.

Pain medication beliefs in individuals with headache.

To evaluate pain medication beliefs in a community sample of individuals with headache. Previous studies of medication adherence for individuals with headache have identified a high rate of prescription nonfulfillment, frequent medication discontinuation, and widely varying levels of medication-related satisfaction. Still, there is a limited understanding of how these individuals view their medications and their relationships with health-care providers. Insight into these perceptions could prove useful in explaining medication adherence behaviors. In this secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study, data from N = 215 adults with headache were analyzed. Participants completed the Pain Medication Attitudes Questionnaire (PMAQ), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y-2, Weekly Stress Inventory Short Form, and Migraine Disability Scale. These participants also provided a list of their current pain medications. Using the PMAQ, participants could be characterized as having medication beliefs that were "trusting and unconcerned" (n = 83/215 [38.6%]), "skeptical and somewhat worried" (n = 99/215 [46.0%]), or "skeptical and concerned" (n = 33/215 [15.3%]). Individuals with skeptical and concerned beliefs expressed elevated concerns (z > 1.15) about side effects, scrutiny, perceived need, tolerance, withdrawal, and addiction. Individuals who were trusting and unconcerned expressed low levels (z < -0.40) of these beliefs. Increasing levels of mistrust and medication concerns were correlated with higher depression scores on the CES-D, with values ranging from r = 0.23 to r = 0.38. Subgroups of pain medication beliefs were identified, including two groups of patients with at least some concerns about their medical providers. Beliefs ranged from a lack of concern about using pain medications to worries about scrutiny and harm. It is unclear if poor experiences with pain medications cause these beliefs or if they prevent individuals from effectively utilizing medications. Additionally, more negative beliefs about pain medications were associated with more depressive symptoms.

Investigating harms of testing for ovarian cancer - psychological outcomes and cancer conversion rates in women with symptoms of ovarian cancer: A cohort study embedded in the multicentre ROCkeTS prospective diagnostic study.

To investigate psychological correlates in women referred with suspected ovarian cancer via the fast-track pathway, explore how anxiety and distress levels change at 12 months post-testing, and report cancer conversion rates by age and referral pathway. Single-arm prospective cohort study. Multicentre. Secondary care including outpatient clinics and emergency admissions. A cohort of 2596 newly presenting symptomatic women with a raised CA125 level, abnormal imaging or both. Women completed anxiety and distress questionnaires at recruitment and at 12 months for those who had not undergone surgery or a biopsy within 3 months of recruitment. Anxiety and distress levels measured using a six-item short form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6) and the Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-r) questionnaire. Ovarian cancer (OC) conversion rates by age, menopausal status and referral pathway. Overall, 1355/2596 (52.1%) and 1781/2596 (68.6%) experienced moderate-to-severe distress and anxiety, respectively, at recruitment. Younger age and emergency presentations had higher distress levels. The clinical category for anxiety and distress remained unchanged/worsened in 76% of respondents at 12 months, despite a non-cancer diagnosis. The OC rates by age were 1.6% (95% CI 0.5%-5.9%) for age <40 years and 10.9% (95% CI 8.7%-13.6%) for age ≥40 years. In women referred through fast-track pathways, 3.3% (95% CI 1.9%-5.7%) of pre- and 18.5% (95% CI 16.1%-21.0%) of postmenopausal women were diagnosed with OC. Women undergoing diagnostic testing display severe anxiety and distress. Younger women are especially vulnerable and should be targeted for support. Women under the age of 40 years have low conversion rates and we advocate reducing testing in this group to reduce the harms of testing.