Food In Vietnam Research Articles

Turystyka kulinarna. Perspektywy i doświadczenia dwóch krajów – Wietnamu i Polski

This article aims to showcase the perspectives and experiences of street food in Vietnam and Poland. While the tapestry and historicity of street food tourism is variegated in the two countries, its prevalence and persistence are enduring in both countries. The methodology used to compile this conceptual article included a survey and observations by two of the authors. The findings indicate the embedment of street food tourism in the lives and cultures of both countries. Growth in Poland can be ascribed to experimentation with luxurious and “foreign” cuisines in the mix. In Vietnam, food served in the streets is traditional, and the settings are commonplace, simple and ordinary, against a backdrop of human and traffic congestion. The occasional mobile vendor with bamboo sticks and baskets, push carts and bicycles/motorcycles complements. In Poland, the traditional dishes take a regional character because of the country’s historical legacy, and natural climatic conditions. Overall, Poles have shown an affinity to prepare and eat food at home. The upsurge in street food in Poland can be attributed to changing lifestyles, increasing incomes and women taking up professional jobs. For policy, it is clear that government has a big role to play especially in regulating street food as a health issue and ensuring public safety on the streets.

Factors Influencing the Supply Chain in the Export-Import Food Market in Vietnam

This study examines the key factors affecting supply chains in Vietnam's food export-import market. Using a mixed-methods approach, including expert interviews, focus groups, and a survey of 400 managers from food export-import companies, the research identifies seven critical factors: food quality and safety, traceability, logistics and transportation management, relationships between supply chain members, enterprise factors, ability to meet market demands, and government policies. Quantitative analysis reveals that food quality and safety has the strongest impact, with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.327. The proposed model explains 56.6% of the variance in supply chain performance. Based on these findings, the study recommends strategies for businesses to enhance their supply chain efficiency, including investing in quality control, implementing traceability technologies, optimizing logistics, building sustainable partnerships, strengthening management capabilities, improving market responsiveness, and leveraging government support. The research contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical management of food export-import supply chains in Vietnam.

Impacts of Corporate Governance on Corporate Sustainability Disclosure in the Food and Beverage Industry Vietnamese listed firms.

This study investigates how corporate governance factors impact corporate sustainability disclosure (CSD) within Vietnam's food and beverage industry. It crunches numbers from 2014 to 2022 for companies in this sector. Using regression analysis on panel data, the study examines variables like company size, financial leverage, regulations, board structure (including duality and independent board size), gender diversity in boards and CEO positions, and ownership (state and foreign). The findings reveal that larger firms, a supportive regulatory environment, and male board chairs lead to more CSD. Conversely, higher financial leverage and foreign ownership seem to hinder it. On the other hand, factors like board duality, CEO gender, and state ownership did not show significant impacts. This study enhances our understanding of CSD and offers practical insights into how corporate governance shapes disclosure practices. It emphasizes the importance of regulatory frameworks in driving CSD in Vietnamese firms, suggesting that relying solely on voluntary disclosure might not suffice to achieve desired outcomes.

Factors influencing the supply chain in the export-import food market in Vietnam

This study explores the factors affecting the supply chain in the Vietnamese food import-export market using qualitative research methods. Through in-depth interviews and group discussions with key stakeholders, the study identifies seven critical factors: regulatory environment and policy challenges, quality control and food safety standards, logistics and infrastructure, market dynamics and consumer preferences, technology adoption and innovation, collaboration and integration across the supply chain, and environmental and sustainability concerns. The results show that a comprehensive approach is needed to improve the industry's competitiveness, including policy reform, infrastructure investment, application of advanced technology and increased cooperation between stakeholders observe and adapt to new market trends and environments. The study proposes specific recommendations to improve supply chain efficiency and proposes future research directions to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics of Vietnam's food import and export market.

Multinational enterprises and local firms’ export market entry: A panel data analysis of Vietnam's food processing industry

AbstractThis study develops new insights into the spillover effects of foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs) on local firms’ export market entry, using the case of Vietnam—a notable global manufacturing hub located in Southeast Asia. The empirical analysis is based on a disaggregated firm‐level panel dataset of 25,032 observations of Vietnamese food processing firms during the period 2011–2016. The food processing industry is an essential part of the country's thriving manufacturing sector, with enormous potential for exports. The random‐effects Probit estimation results suggest that the presence of foreign MNEs significantly raises the likelihood that private local firms become exporters and thereby start integrating into global value chains. Further regressions reveal that foreign presence is also linked to higher export intensity among domestic firms, and that the magnitude of the estimated spillover effects is conditional on the specific measures of foreign MNE presence, the ownership structure in local industry, and the size of local firms. The findings highlight the considerable potential for foreign MNEs to influence local firms’ export prospects and validate the policy efforts to attract foreign direct investment inflows to the examined industry.

Enhancing green brand equity through environmental reputation: The important of green brand image, green brand trust, and green brand loyalty

AbstractWhile previous research have established the advantages of environmental reputation (ER) in the realm of brand development, this article examines the role of ER on the value of green brands in the green food production industry, based on customer perceptions in a newly emerging market, using insights from signal theory and the Hierarchy of Effects Model (HEM). The study data was obtained from consumers who regularly make purchasing decisions for green‐labeled food in Vietnam. The study results suggest that the ER is a critical factor to develop green brand equity (GBE). This is achieved by developing the green brand image (GBI), establishing the green brand trust (GBT), and fostering the green brand loyalty (GBL). The results provide a significant contribution to promoting the development of green brand value in customers' awareness by encouraging activities and programs that enhance ER to strengthen GBI, GBT, and GBL towards green food brands. In addition to the findings, the research has limitations and suggests future research directions.

Unveiling digital transformation: Investigating technology adoption in Vietnam's food delivery industry for enhanced customer experience

Digital platforms are increasingly playing a crucial role in the digital transformation process, enabling small and medium-sized enterprises to gain a competitive advantage and achieve their business objectives. This research study aims to extend the Technology Acceptance Model by incorporating the Stimulus-Organism-Reaction theory to gain a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing satisfaction, continued intention to use, and positive electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in the context of Food Delivery Apps (FDAs). A quantitative approach was employed, and data were collected through a survey administered to 346 FDA users. The results reveal that both Information quality and Task-technology fit have a positive impact on satisfaction and continued intention to use. Additionally, satisfaction was found to have the greatest influence on continued intention to use and positive eWOM, with information quality exerting the most significant impact on satisfaction. Furthermore, the study findings demonstrated that promotion has a significant impact on generating positive eWOM. This study makes a substantial contribution to the existing literature by providing valuable insights into the factors influencing FDA usage and their impact on satisfaction, continued intention to use, and positive eWOM. It serves as a foundation for further research in this emerging field and offers practical implications for stakeholders involved in the development, management, and utilization of FDAs.

Xanthine oxidase, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the essential oil from Piper lolot: In vitro and in silico studies

IntroductionPiper lolot is a species of herb used as a popular food in Vietnam. Furthermore, the species has been used as a Vietnamese traditional medicine to treat many diseases. MethodsChemical constituents in the essential oil from leaves of Piper lolot were determined using GC/MS analysis. The anti-gout and anti-diabetic activities of the essential oil were determined through the inhibitory assays against xanthine oxidase, α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. In addition, molecular docking simulations were used to elucidate the inhibitory mechanism between the main compounds and the enzymes. ResultsThe dominant constituents of the Piper lolot essential oils were determined as β-caryophyllene (20.6%), β-bisabolene (11.6%), β-selinene (8.4%), β-elemene (7.7%), trans-muurola-4(14),5-diene (7.4%), and (E)-β-ocimene (6.7%). The essential oil displayed xanthine oxidase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 28.4, 130.6, and 59.1 μg/mL, respectively. The anti-gout and anti-diabetic activities of the essential oil from the P. lolot species are reported for the first time. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation was consistent to in vitro experiments. ConclusionThe present study provides initial evidence that the essential oil of P. lolot may be a potential natural source to develop new diabetes preparations.

Daily streamflow prediction based on the long short-term memory algorithm: a case study in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Abstract The objective of this study is the development of a state-of-the-art method based on long short-term memory (LSTM), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) to predict the streamflow in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam, an area crucial to Vietnam's food security. Water level and flow data from 2014 to 2018 at the Tan Chau station and Can Tho (on the Hau River) were used as the input data of the prediction model. Three different ranges of data – from the preceding 4, 8, and 12 days – were used to predict streamflow for both 1 and 7 days ahead, resulting in six individual predictions. Various statistical indices, namely root-mean-square error, mean absolute error (MAE), and the coefficient of determination (R2), were used to assess the predictive ability of the model. The results showed that the SVM and random forest models were successful in improving the performance of the LSTM model, with R2 > 80%. For a prediction of 1 day ahead, the proposed models gave an R2 value of 2–5% higher than a prediction of 7 days ahead. These results highlighted that LSTM is a robust technique for characterizing and predicting time series behaviors in hydrology applications.

Impact of perception and assessment of consumers on willingness to pay for upgraded fresh pork: An experimental study in Vietnam

Traditional pork shops play an essential role in delivering pork, the most popular food in Vietnam, to consumers. Studies have shown the need for investment in training and equipment to improve the safety of pork sold at traditional shops. However, it remains unclear how consumers perceived improvement to the hygiene in pork shops and if they are ready to pay premium prices for safer products. This study used an experimental approach to determine consumers' perception and assessment of improved pork shops and their willingness to pay (WTP) for pork products. A total of 152 respondents in two provinces in Vietnam joined in a Becker–DeGroot–Marschak (BDM) mechanism experiment to collect data on WTP for pork from typical and upgraded pork shops. A questionnaire was used to record consumers' perceptions and assessments of the pork shops and products. Overall, consumers were willing to pay 20% more for upgraded fresh pork than for what is currently available on the market. Consumers trusted in the effectiveness of the upgraded intervention and the quality of pork at the pork shop, which increased their WTP for the upgraded pork. Concerns about contaminated pork had a negative impact on the WTP for typical pork, while the high frequency of pork consumption and the existence of elderly family members led to higher WTP for both products. The findings indicate the potential economic benefit of upgrading pork shops, which would be an important driver to motivate sellers to improve food safety.

Understanding tourists’ consumption emotions in street food experiences

Studies have found that consumption emotions play an important role in understanding tourists' behaviors. However, researchers have not sufficiently explored the impact of consumption emotions on tourists' experience with local food, in this case, street food in Vietnam. This study used semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 38 international tourists to Vietnam to understand the emotions evoked by street food and how these are linked to consumption behaviors. Emojis were used as a tool to facilitate the expression of emotions. The paper uses the cognitive appraisal theory to explore and understand the multiple components of consumption emotion and its characteristics. Tourists' diverse emotional responses were found to reflect specific and temporal aspects of tourists' local food experiences and explain tourists' tentative behaviors. The findings also contribute to the understanding and application of emojis as a tool for eliciting emotions in qualitative interviews.

The role of situational factors and purchase intention in actual purchase behaviour for organic food in Vietnam

The role of situational factors and purchase intention in actual purchase behaviour for organic food in Vietnam

The Theory of Planned Behavior and Food Choice Questionnaire toward Organic Food of Millennials in Vietnam

Purpose: People have become more aware of environmental issues in their community, which has changed their food choices and how they buy green products, especially organic food. This study aimed to combine the food choice questionnaire (FCQ) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to examine the effect of the food choice questionnaire on customers' attitude related to the purchase intention of millennials in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach: Data is collected from the three most prominent cities in Vietnam with 520 millennial respondents. The data is tested against the research model using structural equation modeling with SMART-PLS 3.2. Findings: The results indicate that the food choice questionnaire significantly affects customers' attitude toward the organic food of millennials in Vietnam. Moreover, the investigation confirmed the theory of planned behavior toward organic food purchasing of millennials in Vietnam. Research limitations/implications: For the limitation, organic food is studied in this investigation exclusively within a certain geographic area. For the academic implication, the contributions of this investigation are that it updates impacts of the food choice questionnaire based on the TPB in the context of millennials' intentions to purchase organic food in Vietnam. This study can enrich the literature on the combination of FCQ and TPB in the study of consumers' choice of organic food products. For the practical implication, businesses will comprehend the significance of the food choice questionnaire for millennials in Vietnam who intend to purchase organic food. For future research, the practitioners can use this study's model to examined in a variety of contexts, such as concerning eco-friendly items. In addition, this model can generally be applied to other food products such as conventional food, safety food, and products in restaurants or food stores. For academicians, the model can extend and develop additional constructs related to personality. For example, combining the big five personality traits, FCQ, and the TPB will further investigate which customer personality influences the intention to purchase food products. Originality/value: Contribute to the extension of TPB with the combination of FCQ and TPB and the study of millennials in Vietnam toward organic food purchasing intention.

Bacterial composition isolated from ulcers “ba dau” of soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) in Nam Dinh farm and characterization of Aeromonas spp. virulence

Pelodiscus sinensis is a widespread species of soft-shelled turtle that is commercially cultured in freshwater and prominently exploited as speciality food in Vietnam. During the cultivation, there are distinctly recurrent epidemic diseases causing economically vast damage for farmers. In this research, we carried out the isolation of microorganisms from typical ulcers “ba dau” presenting on soft-shelled turtle taken in Nam Dinh farm. The samples were inoculated on common media used for bacteria, actinomyces, fungus and yeast. Only bacteria grew on typical culture medium. Fifteen bacterial strains were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. They were belonged to genera such as Acidovorax (n=1), Acinetobacter (n=1), Aeromonas (n=8), Citrobacter (n=1), Chryseobacterium (n=1), Moraxella (n=1), Paludibacterium (n=1) and Parabacteroides (n=1). In which, eight strains Aeromonas spp. were selected for further research on virulence characterization. PCR results showed that these strains possessed at least 4/7 virulence genes including aer (75%), alt (37.5%), ast (50%), ela (87.5%), exu ( 100%), hlyA (37.5%) and ser (100%). With additional tests, we confirmed the virulent expression by haemolysin (100%), protease (75%), DNAase (75%), elastase (25%) and cytotoxicity (62.5%). These results are scientific basis to establish and develop practical methods for controlling and preventing "ba dau" disease in the soft-shelled turtle in the future.

Disentangling gender‐differentiated impacts on food security and poverty: Empirical evidence from Vietnam

AbstractThis study examines the association between a household head's gender and food insecurity and poverty in Vietnam using data from the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey and exogenous switching treatment effect regression. The findings suggest that food insecurity and poverty differ by the gender of the household head and by the presence (de facto) or absence (de jure) of a spouse among female‐headed households (FHHs). On average, FHHs are less food secure and live in more poverty than male‐headed households (MHHs). Still, their status would improve if they had the same returns on their observed characteristics as those estimated for MHHs. The results further reveal that the probabilities of food insecurity and poverty would be lower if de jure FHHs had the same returns on their observed characteristics as those estimated for MHHs. The probability of poverty would also be lower if de jure FHHs had the same returns on their observed characteristics as those estimated for de facto FHHs. The likelihood of poverty and food insecurity would remain similar if de facto FHHs had the same returns on their observed characteristics as the ones estimated for MHHs. Among all groups, de jure FHHs are likely to be the most vulnerable in Vietnam, suggesting gender equality policies are required. Finally, higher education, increased nonfarm incomes and greater land‐use rights can substantially enhance Vietnam's food security and poverty levels.

Authentication of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Different Chemometric Classification Strategies

Rice is a staple food in Vietnam, and the concern about rice is much greater than that for other foods. Preventing fraud against this product has become increasingly important in order to protect producers and consumers from possible economic losses. The possible adulteration of this product is done by mixing, or even replacing, high-quality rice with cheaper rice. This highlights the need for analytical methodologies suitable for its authentication. Given this scenario, the present work aims at testing a rapid and non-destructive approach to detect adulterated rice samples. To fulfill this purpose, 200 rice samples (72 authentic and 128 adulterated samples) were analyzed by near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy coupled, with partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and soft independent modeling of class analogies (SIMCA). The two approaches provided different results; while PLS-DA analysis was a suitable approach for the purpose of the work, SIMCA was unable to solve the investigated problem. The PLS-DA approach provided satisfactory results in discriminating authentic and adulterated samples (both 5% and 10% counterfeits). Focusing on authentic and 10%-adulterated samples, the accuracy of the approach was even better (with a total classification rate of 82.6% and 82.4%, for authentic and adulterated samples, respectively).

Occurrence of tetrodotoxin in three Nassarius gastropod species in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam

Neurotoxic poisonings with fatal symptoms caused by consumption of Nassarius gastropods have been reported in Vietnam but the causative toxins have not been confirmed. In the present study, Nassarius conoidalis, N. glans and N. pullus, which are considered to be common causative species, were collected in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam in May 2016 for toxin analysis using LC/MS/MS. The results confirmed that TTX is a dominant toxin in these gastropods. Among them, N. glans exhibited the highest toxicity (412.7 ± 107.3 MU/g), followed by N. conoidalis (144.8 ± 82.0 MU/g) and N. pullus (19.6 ± 9.8 MU/g). This is the first report confirming TTX in these species. All specimens in this study were hightly toxic, indicating that the frequency of toxic specimens of the three Nassarius species is extremely high. Further, their toxicities were all beyond the regulatory level of consumption (10 MU/g) for puffer(fish) as recommended in Japan. The present data indicates that N. conoidalis, N. glans and N. pullus are not suitable for food in Vietnam.

The Vietnam's food control system: Achievements and remaining issues

Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, food safety has become a societal issue that has received considerable attention in Vietnam. Cases of food intoxication are copiously reported in the press, while scientific reports show that the risk is imminent and is particularly underestimated due to lack of statistics and appropriate knowledge regarding the food chain. This crisis forced the Vietnam government to adopt structural solutions and construct its national food control system. In 2010, the Parliament approved the Food Safety Law, thanks to which the country started applying modern principles of administration. It implemented regular food safety controls, allocated and relayed the responsibility to decentralized public agencies, and required food information. This article discusses Vietnam's food control system after the promulgation of the Food Safety Law. We show that in addition to the inherent problems such as credibility of risk analysis, the main challenges arise from the daily implementation of control activities. Rule enforcement is weak because of the informal economy in agriculture and food supply sectors. Improvements in rule enforcement are urgently required in this fast changing economy in the middle run.

Trends in food and rice eaten away from home in Vietnam

AbstractThis study analyzes Vietnam's food and rice consumption, especially rice consumption outside home using Vietnam households living standard surveys data 2002–2014. Our study estimates consumption of rice and rice products, not rice alone as in previous studies. The study also assesses how income affects households' rice consumption at home and away from home. Our results show as household income increases, food and rice shares in household total expenditure decrease. Food and rice expenditures outside home increase with household's wealth. Rice consumption away from home of urban residents is higher than in rural areas. There is an increasing trend of purchasing rice and downward trend of rice self‐sufficiency in poorer groups in rural areas. Regression results indicate that income has an effect on rice consumption. It confirms the declining trend of rice consumption at home and the rising trend of rice consumption outside home for richer group in Vietnam recently.

Consumer concern about food safety in Hanoi,Vietnam

A growing demand for safe and high quality food in Vietnam has been driven by not only the rise in living standard but also consumer worry about food safety. This paper analyses consumer concern about food safety and its determinants, taking into account spatial disparities. Using the mixed method which combines data from our consumer survey and group discussions in Hanoi, we found that consumers experienced a high level of anxiety about food safety. In their eyes, pesticide residues, food preservatives, and hormone in livestock were top three risky hazards. As a result, vegetables, fruits, and meat were considered to be most unsafe. The concern about food safety was shaped by the fear of food hazards, risk perception of protein food, risk perception of vegetables and fruits, food risk information acquisition, and region. Region was the most important determinant of food safety concern, suggesting that spatial disparities exist. With a limited capacity to self-supply food and weaker social and kinship networks, urban consumers perceived a lower level of control over food safety. Their level of worry about food safety, therefore, was higher than their rural counterparts. Hence, urban farming is important, as it will help reduce urban consumers’ distress about food safety. To eliminate consumer fear in both rural and urban regions, better risk communication aiming at educating consumers about food hazards is required. Trust in food can be restored by better control of hazards and the safety of common food products.