Folklore Motifs Research Articles

Artistic interpretation of the mythonyms of Angel and Devil in the works of A.Navoi

The work of Hazrat Alisher Navoi was formed on the basis of a spiritual treasure that has passed a rich and long historical path of development. The work of the great poet is connected with the oral tradition of the people on the one hand, and with the Qur'an and Hadith, which are the main sources of Islam, on the other hand. Stylistic folklorisms emerged as a result of the effective influence of folklore genres, motives and images in the works of A. Navoi. In the article A. The originality of the use of angelic and satanic mythonyms used in Navoi's works and the motives put forward by them are analyzed.

ЗАРОДЖЕННЯ НЕОКЛАСИЦИЗМУ В УКРАЇНІ. НЕОКЛАСИЦИЗМ В ХОРЕОГРАФІЇ, МУЗИЧНОМУ МИСТЕЦТВІ, ЛІТЕРАТУРІ І ДРАМАТУРГІЇ

The article examines the process of origin and formation of the Neoclassicism era in the Ukrainian art. Сultural processes of different types of art of Ukraine of the end of XX – the beginning of XXI century are investigated. the chronological boundaries of the neoclassical epoch in the countries of Europe and Ukraine are compared, their difference is determined. It provides a brief overview of the historical situation that led to the later flowering of neoclassicism. Features of neoclassicism in music, literature, drama and choreography are considered. In particular, the works of Ukrainian neoclassical writers as M. Zerov, M. Drai-Khmara, P. Phylypovych, M. Rylsky, Y.Klen, who entered the society of prosaics and poets «Kyiv Neoclacissist», are briefly characterized. The main goal of the Ukrainian neoclassical literature is outlined namely by researching authentic Ukrainian literature and assimilating the best European literary samples to create own unique literary forms. The musical neoclassical art is analysed, in particular, the essence of the concept "neofolklorism" is revealed (laying certain neoclassical principles on folklore motives, M. Skoryk’s oeuvre as an example). Problematic issues regarding the development of neoclassical drama in Ukraine arise, modern Ukrainian drama is considered in the context of economic market. The problem of Ukrainian drama’s competitive ability and possible conditions for this are analysed. Neoclassical choreographic art is studied, namely its characteristic features, directions, forms. The plot and non-plot neoclassical performances are compared; genres of post-neoclassical performances are listed. Non-plot ballet neoclassicism that originates from American choreographer J. Balanchyn’s oeuvre is created by using jazz and modern dancing means of expression and forms. Plot ballet neoclassicism originates from F. Ashton’s oeuvre and has Anglo-French origin. The main characteristics of the plot neoclassical performance are complicated ballet terminology, increasing of attention to dramatically or literary plot, the presence of realistic, expressionistic and surreal principles, using the pantomime, modern, jazz, popular, folklore dancing means of expression, dance symphony and academic ballet principles.

ХУДОЖНЯ СТРУКТУРА ТЕМАТИЧНОГО ЖІНОЧОГО ОБРАЗУ З ФОЛЬКЛОРНИМИ МОТИВАМИ: ЕТАПИ СТВОРЕННЯ

The aim of the article. The aims of the article are to provide the integrated study of the art structure features of the thematic image development for cultural events by means of makeup, costume, additions; to determine the specifics of the make-up artist vision influence on the image character; its correspondence to the general concept of the event.Historical method, analytical method and comparative analysis method have been used in the pre-project research. The art-associative method, which provided the combination of the female image from the Slavic mythology calendar rites with the modern vision of fashion and female canons of beauty, has been used in the research project process. The sequence of a thematic image creation process for the event with competitional and concert program has been highlighted in the article. The image creation process can be implemented in three stages: the search for an idea and the thematic female image conceptual content definition; the expression means search and necessary materials preparation; the stylization and realization of the image. The importance of external associations, that arises, according to the concept of the event, as a reflection in minds of historical folklore heritage about the autumn calendar cycle customs and rites, on the stage of the image idea search have been determined. The project idea is to embody the interaction of a young, direct perception of the world by a young girl with the cultural experience of ancient Ukrainians and is implemented on the principle of using contrasts – shape, color and texture. The thematic image of the event has been formed with the help of associations with ancient Slavic mythology female images. The scientific novelty is in the definition of the concept, design methods and means of thematic female image development based on the appeal to the ancient Ukrainian cultural heritage. The art-associative method has been identified as the most effective method for the folklore motives based image formation. The art structure of the thematic female image for the cultural event has been revealed; the modern author vision in the expression means selection has been actualized. The sequences of thematic female image development for the cultural and art event, which embodies the concept of the event and perform the strengthening function of the impression and influence on visitors, have been represented. Three stages of project implementation from the conception stage to realization stage have been stated and implemented.

Folklore in the landscape: the case of corpse paths

ABSTRACT This paper examines the idea of “corpse paths”, routes taken by funeral parties bearing deceased persons to their place of burial. These routes often extended across country, linking settlements which did not have licenced places of burial to those which did. They emerged as folklore motifs in various local traditions from at least the early modern period until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when they went out of use due to increased enclosure and regulation of the landscape, and the development of the metalled road network. Although ephemeral, corpse paths as an abstract idea, as well as specific routes, appear in a variety of sources, including oral traditions, church records and historic maps. This paper examines the extent and quality of this evidence. It goes on to argue that, if accepted as folklore motifs, corpse paths provide a connection between conventional archaeological readings of “vernacular” landscapes, and ways in which those landscapes are seen, traversed and exploited in the present day. This includes the contexts of tourism, popular culture and the digital worlds. By making this connection, we gain a richer understanding of those landscapes in both the past and the present.

MYTHOREALITY AND CULTURAL SUPER-MEMORY IN VICTORIA KING’S NOVEL «RECLUSE»

In the world literature, randomly discovered notes, diary and excerpts are widely used as a technique for creating a new artistic text by being its pretext. In the novel of the modern American writer Victoria King «Recluse» in parallel with the narrative line of «found notes» develops the story about the life and fate of the main character Lydia Sergeevna. The text of the novel includes fragments of ancient legends and myths from the book «Legends and Myths of Ancient Greece», in the margins of which one of the heroines of the novel reads a story about another, former life of the 30-50s of the XX century. Introspection and fantasy, intellectual search, aphoristic, figurative style, folklore motifs are successfully combined in the poetics and style of V. King in order to reveal the theme of the deep relationship of all living organisms on planet Earth. Narrative strategy allows the writer to combine three times – mythical, Soviet and post-Soviet. Temporary layers of the narrative intersect, develop in parallel, alternating both in the composition of the novel and in the memory of the characters. The past becomes a myth and suddenly comes to life, sprouting into the fate of the heroes. This is the skill of the writer as a narrator. The heroines of the novel, without hesitation, come to the rescue, stretch a helping hand to the elderly, save the children. Invisible threads in one instant bind the inhabitants of different countries of the world. The cultural super-memory allows the American writer in the pages of the novel to recreate the image of a Kazakh artist, decorator of the Almaty Opera House – Sergei Kalmykov. Imagological discourse is important as a view from abroad. The image of the artist was described, that of fully immersed in his fairy tales, in the memoirs of the main character of the novel, and in the diary entries Darya Belotserkovskaya. The poetics of the novel is characterized by fantasy motifs that reinforce sadness and grief, and folklore elements (song, folk laments, parable). Central is the parable of the old recluse who remains to grieve in the ashes. The measured, unhurried rhythm of the narrative prolongs the simple, unpretentious story. The drama of what is happening is transmitted through the representation of immutability of human essence and the eternal quest of the soul.

FOLKLORE FUNDAMENTALS OF THE IMAGE OF RAIMBEK BATYR IN MODERN LITERATURE

The article provides a detailed theoretical analysis of the continuity of literature and folklore in the context of the development of historical poetics. The place and role of folklore in modern literature in the context of the state of artistic development of the novel genre, including the historical novel, was studied. An example of this is the novel-dilogy "Raimbek Batyr" by Zh. Turlybayevich. The main purpose of the article is to study the role of folklore motifs in the creation of an artistic image of a historical figure. In modern prose, the influence of world folklore on the creation of an artistic image of a real historical figure is considered in detail. The common typological plots of world folklore in the description of Raimbek's formation as a hero, his heroic deeds were considered on the basis of comparative, comparative, typological analysis. As a result, the aspects of the author's personal creativity in creating an artistic image were identified. The results of the analysis showed that the plot structure of the novel is systematized on the basis of parallels with similar motifs typical of archaic, heroic, historical, novel, epic epics in the world folklore heritage, as well as national folklore.

Изображения собак в наскальном искусстве на территории Китая

The paper analyzes images of dogs in rock art of China. According to the semantics of compositions the following groups can be distinguished: hunting dogs, herding dogs, guard dogs, using of dogs in rituals, mythological and folklore motifs and other images. According to the distribution of different thematic groups of images, two big areas – northern and south-western – can be seen. In northern regions of China (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Gansu Province) the scenes of practical use of dogs (hunting, grazing, guarding herds and dwellings) prevail, which can be explained by the characteristics of the economic structure of the nomadic peoples who inhabited these territories. The images of a horseman followed by a dog and a bird of prey seen in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia can be interpreted as depictions of some motifs of heroic epos of Central Asian nomadic peoples. Other compositions in northern regions have been found to depict not only “realistic”, but “mytho-ritual” interpretations as well. In south-western regions (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yunnan Province, Sichuan Province) the images of dogs in ritual and/or a mythological context are more common. It is likely connected with the less practical importance of dogs in the agricultural economy and the higher status of this animal in the spiritual culture of the peoples of Southern China. Rock paintings in Cangyuan County, Yunnan Province, is an exception that combines the images belonging to both traditions, namely a picture of a hunting dog and a dog as a sacrificial animal. Some images cannot yet be deciphered unequivocally.

ФОЛЬКЛОРНЫЕ МОТИВЫ И ИХ ПЕРЕОСМЫСЛЕНИЕ В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ АМЕРИКАНСКОГО ПИСАТЕЛЯ ЛАЙМЕНА ФРЕНКА БАУМА

. It is generally considered that the genre of the literary fairy tale in Europe expressed itself amply in the age of romanticism and used folklore imagery and motifs, as many other literary genres. But the folklore of Native Americans is also known to be ignored by authors in the USA. At the beginning the European folk tales served as the basis for the literary fairytale in the United States. Nonetheless, by the 20th century the authors had decided to create their own national fairy tale tradition. The article deals with the problem of folklore motifs reshaping in the collection entitled “American Fairy Tales” by L.F. Baum. There are some recurrent folklore motifs in the fairy tales: the motif of the forbidden door, the magical object, etc. At the same time, imagery of natural objects typical of North America (corn fields, huge cities with apartment houses) add some new traits to the national variant of the fairytale.

Фольклорные мотивы в драме А.Н. Островского «Гроза»

Фольклорные мотивы в драме А.Н. Островского «Гроза»

ON THE STUDY OF PROPER NAMES OF TREES IN EAST SLAVIC CHARMS

The article is devoted to the proper names of trees in East Slavic charms. Functional groups of texts and folklore motives, which include the proper names of trees, are established. Onyms are categorized from the areal and motivational points of view. The most typical tree species that receive their own names in charms are listed. The problem of the status of epithets of trees as proper names or appellatives is considered in the material of a separate group of homogeneous but widely variable names (“carcolist tree”).

Folklore motives in Gasim bey Zakir's activity

Folklore motives in Gasim bey Zakir's activity

Образ «яблоко» в фольклорном сознании (на материале башкирского народного творчества)

The Apple has always had a symbolic character in the culture of the peoples of the world since the ancient times. This is also the case with the Bashkirs. The traditional concept of «apple», as well as the motif of «choosing a betrothed by giving him an apple» have found artistic and aesthetic reflection in folk tales and the Bashkir epic Ural-Batyr and perform significant ideological and artistic functions there. The author has set the task of identifying these artistic forms and revealing their features in a folk art work. To complete the task we have considered fairy tales that contained the concept of the apple and developed the motif of «choosing a betrothed by gifting him with an apple», as well as the Bashkir folk epic Ural-Batyr, in which these plot devices were most clearly given an artistic and aesthetic interpretation. As a result, it was found that the traditional concept of «apple» and the associated motif of «choosing a betrothed by giving him an apple» are artistic elements universal for the folklore of different peoples and perform significant ideological and artistic functions in the work. The author connects the uniqueness and distinction of the concept of apple in Bashkir fairy tales with the life and routine of rural people, who are mostly bearers of oral poetic folk art. Since ancient times folklore has developed a special attitude to the apple as a «scarce» fruit in life and a treasure in a fairy tale, so it is gold and magic. The latter is a sacred motif, known in the folklore of other peoples and its roots go back to the Ancient Greek mythology. Having thus become a migrant concept and having incorporated into a well-known motif, the apple took the form of a traditional artistic formula for attaining happiness and well-being. Identifying and studying such concepts or motifs in Bashkir folklore which are universal and traditional for many peoples would allow us to consider it as part of the artistic universe of cultures.

Polesian-Carpathian parallels in the sphere of mythological concepts of folklore motives. Part 3. Subject, actional and verbal amulets

Polesian-Carpathian parallels in the sphere of mythological concepts of folklore motives. Part 3. Subject, actional and verbal amulets

Poet and scientist Nikolai Kostomarov: the problem of identity

It is extremely difficult to explore creative products outside of social and biographical contexts. This is especially important in the case when the literary and national processes form a single whole - as was the case in Ukraine in the 19th century. The famous writer, historian and public figure Nikolai Kostomarov played a significant role in the development of that multifaceted - literary and at the same time national - process. And today his personality is of considerable scientific interest - primarily as a certain type of Ukrainian intellectual who has gone through a difficult path of national self-knowledge. His individual experience of comprehending personal and national identity still has great cognitive value. The history of the acquisition of identity is presented primarily in the writer's autobiography, although it has not escaped the tangible influence of the author's (conscious or unconscious) retrospective correction. The materials of the autobiography are supplemented by memoirs of third parties, which, at least in key episodes, are often based on the testimonies of the same Kostomarov. Biographers have introduced into the interpretation of the facts a lot that was inspired by the stereotypes of romanticism. Selected biographical episodes are presented in the aspect of the search for individual freedom. The factor of fantasizing is also highlighted, in particular regarding the nature of the creative and scientific practices of the poet and historian, providing for a psychological "immersion" in another environment or era. In a sense, the continuation of historical reconstructions and psychological practices of "immersion" in the studied environment was Kostomarov's study of the Ukrainian language, and his recording of folk songs, and further author's rethinking of folklore motives. All together significantly influenced his self-awareness and, over time, determined the adoption of the Ukrainian national identity.

Folk poetics in creative work of Petro Kholodnyi Senior

Summary. The defined issue is the new angle to study Petro Kholodnyi Sr. heritage, that allows to research the thematic interest features and style synthesis specific to artist`s original language, where we can trace the modernist style, symbolism, byzantine style and impressionism echoes. It was observed an important group of artwork by Kholodnyi Sr. in the article. Together with the sacral heritage, they have played a significant role in the reviving of the Ukrainian national art in the first part of XX century - the compositions on the folk themes. The comprehensive review of the folk poetics in creative work by Petro Kholodnyi Sr., is lightened in context of the current historical and art-cultural realities of the defined period, that allowed to distinguish the characteristic, typical and novel features in creating, by Petro Kholodnyi Sr., the Ukrainian national art through appealing to the folk poetics. It was marked, that Petro Kholodnyi Sr. engagement in folklore was natural in context of two essential interdependent tendencies of that period: the idea of the “national reviving” in the Ukrainian culture in the first part of XX century, among the characteristic features of which – appealing to folklore as the field of the national spirit preserving and “tradition discovery”. It is defined the peculiarities of trendsetting technical performance and ideological-stylistic understanding and rendering of the folk poetics in the visual form, that expanded the idea of this source interpretation abilities in form and sense aspects of that period art searches context. Methods. For holistic analysis, author applied the following methods: form and style analysis to explore the art peculiarities of the artwork, on the Ukrainian folklore motives, by Petro Kholodnyi Sr.; comparative style analysis to detect the features of artist creation manner and its change according to certain one or other ideological-sensitive or emotional message, and to distinguish the differences, between comprehension and visual implementation of the folk poetics in Kholodnyi Sr. creative work in comparison with Russian artists, who, in their creative activities, appealed to the folk well-springs. Results. Through folk poetics, which he felt delicately, Kholodnyi Sr. propagates the most current messages of “national reviving” in early XX century. In particular, the Ukrainian national history pages he exposes via appealing to such source of its study as ballad (thought) (“The thought of the Black sea windstorm”), that added some folk-poetic colours to the theme; also he refers to one of the most famous ancient Rus literature memorials of the late XII century – “The Lay of Igor’s Campaign”, which is saturated with Slavic folk poetry motives. In compositions created by these sources, Kholodnyi Sr. not so much emphasized the ballad subject illustrations or historical annals context as the poetic highness. So there is in his artwork, even on historic themes, a strong, musical in its harmonic melody, rhythm of colourful spots and lines. That’s the important individuality of his creations. The same powerful national poetics we can also feel in his creative works on Ukrainian tales, corals and songs motives, where the emphasis is put on enlarging the emotional-sensitivity edge, but not on the external plot, that we can see in such works as “Oh, there is rye on a field”, “Ivasyk and witch” and “The tale of a girl and a peacock”. Poetry and subjective-emotional components of two last creations point out on the affinity to symbolic-modern worldview, where the reality and tale are mixed at the moment. In his works on folk themes, he combined the style trends early XX century with the national painting traditions. Particularly “The Tale of a girl and a Peacock” corresponds by style to plastic language of modern with its emphasized decorativeness, softness of lines and clear lineal drawing, but in composition “Oh, there is rye on a field” we can see the signs of late modern which includes into its art language the method of stylization one or other famous historical pattern, in this case - byzantinism. Both art work performed in discovered by artist tempera technique which allowed to get that colour tints that enchanted in the ancient Galician icons. So these paintings possess you by delicately harmonized tincture which together with folk motive, its subject and ethnographic details, like heroes’ cloths, creates the folk-national sound of composition.

Magia y milagros de san Paulicio en <em>Arderique</em> (1517): el cadáver del santo, la pareja infecunda y el nacimiento heroico

Arderique es el título de un libro de caballerías castellano, anónimo, publicado en 1517 (Valencia, Juan Viñao). El artículo se centra en la función que desempeña en la obra un personaje, san Paulicio, cuyo auxilio se muestra decisivo en determinados momentos de la acción, empezando por el nacimiento de la heroína del relato. Se estudia el posible entronque de este Paulicio de la ficción con personajes históricos y con las vitae de santos eremitas, como san Pablo de Tebas. Y se estudian, asimismo, los motivos folclóricos que coinciden con las marcas de reconocimiento de la santidad de Paulicio: los leones rastreadores de su cadáver, las campanas tañendo solas y la carta agarrada por una mano cerrada. Los dos últimos, presentes también en la leyenda de doña Sancha de Aragón (contada por don Juan Manuel), pertenecen a la leyenda de otro santo eremita, san Alejo. Mientras que los libros de caballerías o las historias caballerescas del siglo XVI apenas aceptan santos ni milagros, en Arderique el hecho milagroso será un a priori que determine la acción de los protagonistas.

Cultural nationalism of the interwar period: Latvian visual art and folklore

AbstractThe interwar period in Europe marks a tendency towards authoritarian leaders in politics as well as the classicizing practices of the visual arts. However, the extent and modality of both tendencies vary from state to state: mapping differences and similarities leads towards greater understanding of each national history. The particularity of Latvian art life is a comparatively substantial use of folklore motifs and representation of pagan mythology, going hand in hand with overall ethnolinguistic nationalism agenda and related state cultural policy. Despite the coexistence of various artistic styles, in regard to content and intentions of artworks, the interwar period can be characterized by the turn from National Romanticism to Romantic Nationalism. The historical outline and theoretical discussion of folklore representations are illustrated by three case studies, analysing the biographies, ideas, and works of Latvian artists Ansis Cīrulis, Jēkabs Bīne, and Niklāvs Strunke.

FOLKLORE IN V. BRUSOV`S AESTHETIC CONCEPT

The paper considers V. Brusov’s works on the theory of folklore, his reviews of collection of verses influenced by folklore motives, and his research on peculiarities of the Russian epic verses. The paper also deals with archaic folklore motives in the poet’s works. The author concludes that folklore is an essential component of the poet’s aesthet-ic world view.

ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЗЫ ВЛАДИМИРА ЕНОВА ДЛЯ ДЕТЕЙ

The article describes the linguistic features of the prose for children by the indigenous writer Vladimir Enov, which fully reflects the Khanty’s worldview, the peculiarities of the national culture, life, language. The work is carried out directly on the basis of Vladimir Enov’s texts. The paper analyses the means of literary expression in his works, considers lexical and grammatical features, folklore motives, syntactic figures, stylistics and poetics of folk speech and studies the idiostyle peculiarities of the regional writer Vladimir Enov, which have become a subject of the special description for the first time.

Фольклорные мотивы в современной ашугской поэзии рутулов

Фольклорные мотивы в современной ашугской поэзии рутулов