Visual Focus Research Articles

“Be a Good Fan During the Good, the Bad, and Even the Ugly”: Exploring Cultural Boundaries Through Sport Fan Discourses on Twitter

While sport fandom can be assumed to be inclusive, a deeper exploration of discourses around fandom exposes alternative perspectives. Using the frameworks of cultural boundaries and critical discourse studies, we explored how sport fans use Twitter to create, maintain, and transform cultural boundaries of sport fandom. We used tweets from a season of the Toronto Blue Jays baseball team as a case. Data were collected via Visual Twitter Analytics software focusing on tweets containing #LetsRise and #BlueJays. From the larger data set, we selected 172 tweets to examine using critical discourse analysis and ideological structures of discourse. Findings demonstrate that discourses of loyalty, consumption, and unity have plural meanings and are used to draw boundaries that are simultaneously fluid and rigid. Thus, we argue that fans engage in an active process of determining who is and is not included in fan cultures through Twitter use.

Eye-Tracking Technology in Dentistry: A Review of Literature.

This narrative review explores the integration of eye-tracking technology in dentistry, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of its current applications and potential benefits. The review begins by elucidating the fundamental principles of eye tracking, encompassing the various eye-tracking methods and devices commonly used in dental research. It then delves into the role of eye tracking in dental education, where the technology offers a unique perspective on students' visual attention during training and skill acquisition. Moreover, the review examines how eye tracking can aid in assessing and improving dental practitioners' clinical performance, shedding light on areas of improvement and expertise. In patient care, the application of eye-tracking technology offers significant potential. By analyzing patients' gaze patterns and visual focus during dental procedures, clinicians can gain valuable insights into their experiences, identifying sources of anxiety and discomfort. This newfound understanding can pave the way for more patient-centric care and optimized treatment plans. The review also explores the application of eye-tracking technology in designing and evaluating dental interfaces and equipment. By assessing visual ergonomics and usability, researchers can develop user-friendly instruments that enhance dental professionals' workflow and efficiency. However, despite its promise, integrating eye tracking in dentistry is not without challenges. Technical limitations, data analysis complexities, and ethical considerations require careful attention to ensure this technology's ethical and responsible use. In conclusion, this narrative review highlights the growing significance of eye-tracking technology in dentistry. Its applications span dental education, clinical practice, and patient care, holding immense potential to revolutionize how dental procedures are conducted, evaluated, and experienced. Nevertheless, further research and collaboration between dental professionals and eye-tracking experts are necessary to unlock the technology's benefits and ensure its seamless integration into dental practices.

Pathomorphological characteristics of cardiac hemangiosarcoma in a dog (a clinical case)

Hemangiosarcoma is a prevalent and lethal type of cancer in dogs. The tumour grows and spreads rapidly, often giving no warning signs to the owner until the sudden death of the dog. Hemangiosarcoma typically affects older dogs. A confirmed case study of an animal’s death shows that angiosarcoma mainly develops in dogs of a specific age and breed. The dog examined in this study was seven years old. Detecting cardiac hemangiosarcoma can be challenging, as X-ray exams may produce false-negative results, as seen in the current study. Pathological mitotic divisions are often the most recognizable sign of a heart tumour, which can be identified through an incisional biopsy. However, in our case, this was not feasible due to the patient’s rapid decline. The patient’s enlarged heart was visible on a chest X-ray, while an ultrasound revealed a pericardial effusion. Pericardiocentesis was performed, and 80 ml of hemorrhagic pericardial fluid was drained. Unfortunately, the results of the cytological examination of the fluid were negative, as confirmed by this study. Classic clinical signs of hemangiosarcoma are not present, except for abrupt and severe internal bleeding. The animal’s owner reported periodic lethargy or fatigue and shortness of breath as clinical signs. During our examination, we noted tachycardia and muted heart sounds as additional clinical indications. During the pathological examination, the changes found in the body are not specific and may differ in individual cases of death. An autopsy established the absence of visual metastatic foci and in other organs: blood filling of the spleen; blood filling and liver enlargement; speckled haemorrhages on the lung pleura, mucous membrane of the stomach and small intestine; the mucous membrane of the large intestine is covered with a large amount of mucus and multiple haemorrhages. Histopathological studies have established a cavernous hemangioma, a large cavity of various shapes, filled with blood and lined with endothelium, separated by thin connective tissue partitions. In places, the blood in the cavities coagulates, and the formed thrombotic masses yield to their organizing.

Visual assessment of fashion merchandising based on scene saliency

PurposeFashion merchandising hold a paramount position within the realm of retail marketing. Currently, the purpose of this article is that the assessment of display effectiveness predominantly relies on the subjective judgment of merchandisers due to the absence of an effective evaluation method. Although eye-tracking devices have found extensive used in tracking the gaze trajectory of subject, they exhibit limitations in terms of stability when applied to the evaluation of various scenes. This underscores the need for a dependable, user-friendly and objective assessment method.Design/methodology/approachTo develop a cost-effective and convenient evaluation method, the authors introduced an image processing framework for the assessment of variations in the impact of store furnishings. An optimized visual saliency methodology that leverages a multiscale pyramid model, incorporating color, brightness and orientation features, to construct a visual saliency heatmap. Additionally, the authors have established two pivotal evaluation indices aimed at quantifying attention coverage and dispersion. Specifically, bottom features are extract from 9 distinct scale images which are down sampled from merchandising photographs. Subsequently, these extracted features are amalgamated to form a heatmap, serving as the focal point of the evaluation process. The authors have proposed evaluation indices dedicated to measuring visual focus and dispersion, facilitating a precise quantification of attention distribution within the observed scenes.FindingsIn comparison to conventional saliency algorithm, the optimization method yields more intuitive feedback regarding scene contrast. Moreover, the optimized approach results in a more concentrated focus within the central region of the visual field, a pattern in alignment with physiological research findings. The results affirm that the two defined indicators prove highly effective in discerning variations in visual attention across diverse brand store displays.Originality/valueThe study introduces an intelligent and cost-effective objective evaluate method founded upon visual saliency. This pioneering approach not only effectively discerns the efficacy of merchandising efforts but also holds the potential for extension to the assessment of fashion advertisements, home design and website aesthetics.

Multimodal Quantitative Research on the Emotional Attachment Characteristics between People and the Built Environment Based on the Immersive VR Eye-Tracking Experiment

The campus landscape contributes a lot to students’ mental and physical health. Students’ emotional attachment to landscape space is an important scientific basis for landscape design. This study used immersive virtual reality eye tracking supported by HTC Vivo Pro and an emotional attachment scale to investigate the relationship between different landscape elements and students’ visual behavior and emotional attachment. ErgoLab and SPSS were used to analyze the indicators. The results showed that: (1) Artificial elements were more likely to attract students’ visual attention and continuously enhance their interest in the landscape. (2) The waterscape space was more likely to attract students’ visual attention, while the attractiveness of arbors and shrubs was related to their color and spatial location. (3) The characteristics related to nature were generally conducive to the establishment of students’ emotional attachment, including both the natural elements and artificial structures that could reflect the natural texture and time traces. (4) Three-dimensional spatial sequence design of landscape elements significantly affected students’ visual focus and emotional experience. The results further contribute to providing a clearer understanding of how students’ preference for specific landscape elements can be obtained and used in decision making for the planning and management during campus renewal and design.

Analysis of Eye and Head Tracking Movements During a Puck-Hitting Task in Ice Hockey Players, Compared to Wrestlers and Controls

Background. The study of eye-movement strategies of athletes of various disciplines and skill levels is highly significant for sports psychology, since the results can be used in training to improve performance. Such studies are extremely scarce for ice hockey. Objective. To determine successful eye-movement strategies for ice hockey players compared to wrestlers and controls (non-athletes) during puck-hitting tasks of various degrees of difficulty, using virtual reality. Design. The study involved 31 participants (male), including 13 ice hockey players (age 20 ± 2.5), 9 wrestlers (age 19 ± 1.9), and 9 controls (age 19 ± 1.3). We used a pre-developed VR-PACE technology that simulates an ice rink in virtual reality (VR). The task was to hit pucks. VR was presented via the HTC Vive Pro Eye with a built-in eye tracker (100 Hz). We analyzed the parameter that reflected the share of puck presence in one of selected retina areas (0–5°, 5–10°, 10–15°, 15–25°, 25–35°) of the left and right eyes and the head. Results. Ice hockey players exhibited longer puck-tracking using both the near periphery (5–15°) and central retinal area (0–5°). Puck speed had minimal impact on eye-movement strategies, and the visual focus on these areas remained consistent regardless of task type. For both wrestlers and controls, visual fixations in the central retinal area increased when tracking the puck without a motor response, likely leading to higher energy consumption and sensory fatigue. Conclusion. The optimal eye-movement strategy involves parafoveal tracking in the near periphery (5–15°) and partial foveal tracking (0–5°), allowing for better object information retention and efficient puck trajectory tracking with reduced energy expenditure.

Engaging Creativity as an Alternative for Sustainable Inclusion and Integration in Schools: Visual Participatory Approach

Currently, the creativity approach is seen as one of the strategies used to support education through the teaching and learning process. In this regard, an art-based creative approach was used as a research design, which in recent years has been massively developed and has generated multiple data in research studies. Despite its collaborative feature and benefits, the creative approach is not usually employed in the teaching and learning process in schools, because this approach requires resources and time to accomplish the goals for the teaching and learning process in schools. This paper aims to evidence the use of the creative approach as an alternative for the sustainable inclusion and integration of learners in South African schools, as well as why it should be used as a supportive model in the educational context. To do this, the study presents a creative visual participatory approach which was done using recycled materials. The creative visual participatory approach and focus group interviews were employed with six teachers and six learners in the intermediate and senior phases in selected primary schools. Thematic data analysis enabled us to identify codes and themes that indicated the practical examples for inclusion and integration programs, events and sessions in schools. The data generation methods used met the standards of creativity expectations and extended the possibility of availability of recyclable resources and materials within the school environment. The findings reveal that creativity enhances critical thinking and problem-solving skills; thus, at present, both teachers and learners are benefiting from the use of this innovative strategy. The study also insists that it is crucial to employ the creativity approach for sustainable inclusion and integration of learners in South African school contexts.

The Impact of Visual Perturbation Neuromuscular Training on Landing Mechanics and Neural Activity: A Pilot Study.

Athletes at risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury have concurrent deficits in visuocognitive function and sensorimotor brain functional connectivity. This study aimed to determine whether visual perturbation neuromuscular training (VPNT, using stroboscopic glasses and external visual focus feedback) increases physical and cognitive training demand, improves landing mechanics, and reduces neural activity for knee motor control. Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Eight right leg dominant healthy female athletes (20.4±1.1yrs; 1.6±0.1m; 64.4±7.0kg) participated in four VPNT sessions. Before and after VPNT, real-time landing mechanics were assessed with the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) and neural activity was assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging during a unilateral right knee flexion/extension task. Physical and cognitive demand after each VPNT session was assessed with Borg's Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) for both physical and cognitive perceived exertion and the NASA Task Load Index. Descriptives and effect sizes were calculated. Following VPNT, LESS scores decreased by 1.5 ± 1.69 errors with a large effect size (0.78), indicating improved mechanics, and reductions in BOLD signal were observed in two clusters: 1) left supramarginal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, secondary somatosensory cortex (p=.012, z=4.5); 2) right superior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor cortex (p<.01, z=5.3). There was a moderate magnitude increase of cognitive RPE between the first and last VPNT sessions. VPNT provides a clinically feasible means to perturbate visual processing during training that improves athletes' real-time landing mechanics and promotes neural efficiency for lower extremity movement, providing the exploratory groundwork for future randomized controlled trials. Level 3.

Analysis of Pencak Silat Techniques Using a Biomechanical Approach: Systematic Literature Review

Study purpose. The purpose of this research is to look into the use of biomechanical analysis in pencak silat martial arts techniques. Materials and methods. The PRISMA standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were followed in this review investigation. The study must be published within the prior five years, from January 2019 to July 2023. In the search procedure, the following keywords are used: (1) pencak silat; (2) biomechanical analysis. The search engines SINTA (Science and Technology Index) and Scopus were employed. Results. This evaluation included the results of 10 articles. Six articles looked at combat tactics, two at students and the art of movement, nine articles looked at kick attacks, and one looked at attitudes. Four articles proposed time and speed. Six articles investigated pencak silat motion angles. Conclusions. Time, angle, direction, flexion, extension, rotation, adduction, visual focus, force, moment of inertia, rotational kinetic energy, and effort are all inferred factors for pencak silat techniques.

Pre-service and in-service teachers' professional vision depending on the video perspective—What teacher gaze and verbal reports can tell us

Teachers are involved in complex teaching situations every day; thus, they must understand what to pay attention to in the classroom, how this information is to be interpreted, and which teaching decisions become necessary as a result. In educational research, these competencies are known as “professional vision.” The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the professional vision of pre-service teachers (PTs) and in-service teachers (ITs) by investigating whether the groups differ in what they notice and how they reason about videotaped classroom events; whether the perspective of the video viewed influences their noticing and reasoning; and to what extent their gaze behavior differs from their verbal statements. Thirty-one PTs and twenty ITs watched a video clip of authentic teaching, shot from different perspectives, and their visual focus of attention was recorded using a remote eye-tracker. Subsequently, participants reported in an interview what they had noticed. The triangulated data show that the gaze behavior of the PTs and ITs did not differ, but the content of their verbal statements did. Depending on the video perspective, participants focused on different subjects, but this difference was not reflected in the verbal data. Thus, the gaze behavior and verbal statements are not consistent. The findings indicate that considering multiple sources and types of data is beneficial to explore professional vision and that further research is needed to understand the concept in depth.

Teaching practices mediating the effect of teachers’ psychological stress, and not physiological on their visual focus of attention

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between teachers’ (N = 53) physiological and psychological stress and their visual focus of attention as well as the mediating effect of teaching practices on this association in authentic classroom settings. Data were collected using multimodal methods of measurement: salivary cortisol levels for physiological stress, a self-reported questionnaire for psychological stress, observed teaching practices during one school day, and eye-tracking video recordings of classroom teachers during one lesson for teachers’ visual focus of attention. The results showed that neither teachers’ physiological nor psychological stress was directly related to their visual focus of attention. However, using more child-centered teaching practices compared with teacher-directed ones was related to a higher number of fixations on students, longer total fixation duration, and more individualized distribution of visual focus of attention on students. Teacher’s teaching practices mediated the effect of teachers’ psychological stress on their fixation counts on students and distribution of visual focus of attention. The results suggest that teaching practices are related to the visual attention teachers’ give to students and that teachers’ stress affects their visual focus of attention through teaching practices. The practical implications of this study suggest that teachers should receive training and support to recognize their stress level and its association with their teaching.

Effect of product placement labeling on visual product and brand reception – an empirical eye tracking study

ABSTRACT Product placement is regarded as a strategic advertising tool for promoting commercial content in the broadcasting industry to promote sales or brand recognition via audiovisual media. Considering the opportunistic aspects of unfair competition and adverse implications on consumer behavior, regulations have been stipulated in many countries regarding product placement disclosures. Moreover, as further research is necessary to understand the impact of product placements on consumer behavior, a visual reception experiment and supplementary reception survey was conducted to investigate the effects of product placement labeling on consumer perceptions and memory performance. The findings of this study suggest that the insertion of product placement labeling had a noticeable impact on gaze behavior, indicating a perceptual response to the insertion and a subsequent alteration in brand related visual focus. The inclusion of labeling results in a higher frequency and duration of eye contact with brand logos, which is consistent with theoretical expectations of increased cognitive processing. A follow-up survey on reception showed positive effects on memory performance for the brand products displayed.

Users’ Visual Experience During Temporal Navigation in Forecast Weather Maps on Mobile Devices

This study investigated the impact of graphical user interface (GUI) design on the efficiency and effectiveness of map-based tasks on mobile devices, using time-based weather data as a case study. Three different GUI designs (button-type, circle-type, and slidebar) were tested in a between-subjects design, with 50 participants completing a set of map-based tasks on each GUI design. The results showed that GUI design significantly affected the effectiveness of map-based tasks. Participants performed better at tasks involving the search for the highest and lowest temperature amplitudes on the button-type GUI whereas the circle-type GUI showed lower effectiveness for tasks involving the search for day temperatures. Analysis of the visual attention distribution based on fixation count revealed that different GUI designs led to different patterns of visual attention. The study highlights the importance of considering GUI design in the development of mobile map applications, particularly for map-based tasks involving time-based data. The study shows that separating the date from the time navigation panel reduces necessary visual focus on the GUI itself and is a valuable insight for future GUI design.

Evaluation of physiological parameters and gaze behaviour of air pistol shooters related to performance outcomes

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological parameters and quiet eye (QE) of air pistol shooters in relation to performance outcomes. QE duration, skin conductance (SC), and heart rate (HR) were recorded for 20 shooters (10 novices and 10 intermediates) during shooting. All variables were examined according to the score and total shots. Physiological parameters were evaluated according to the shooting phases. Intermediate shooters exhibited significantly longer QE duration than novices (p < .001). There were no significant differences in QE duration and normalised SC according to the score and normalised SC between groups (p > .05). In SC, an increase in the preparation and resting phase and a decrease in the aiming phase were observed in both groups (p < .001). Intermediate shooters had lower HR than novices in all phases (p < .001). Additionally, more HR changes were detected in the intermediate shooters than in novices. HR of 10-score shots was lower than other shots (p < .05). Intermediate shooters exhibited longer QE duration than novices and they can decelerate their HR before shots. Coaches are recommended to incorporate exercises into training programmes that will enhance the visual focusing skills and reduce heart rate for novice shooters.

The natural focus: Combining deep learning and eye-tracking to understand public perceptions of urban ecosystem aesthetics

Public perceptions of ecological aesthetics are a crucial component in evaluations of the quality of urban green spaces (UGSs) and in guiding urban planning, design and renewal practices. In this paper, we propose a novel methodological framework that combines deep learning and eye-tracking to investigate the relationships between landscape elements, features, visual focus and public ecosystem aesthetic perceptions of UGSs. Our Public Ecosystem Aesthetic Perceptions (PEAP) model emphasises interactions between ecosystem quality and landscape aesthetic quality. To validate the model, we conducted a study in Shanghai, China, where we selected 54 representative UGSs for photography, perception surveys, and image processing. The results demonstrated that visual focus acts as a mediator between landscape stimuli (landscape elements and features) and perceptions of ecosystem aesthetics. Notably, we found that natural elements elicited significantly stronger visual focus than artificial elements. Thus, our PEAP approach can enhance understanding of aesthetic qualities of landscapes and ecological qualities of urban ecosystems, enabling creation of more aesthetically pleasing and ecologically sustainable UGSs.

Kinesthetic vs. visual focus: No evidence for effects of practice modality in representation types after action imagery practice and action execution practice

Action-imagery practice (AIP) is assumed to result in partly different action representations than action-execution practice (AEP). The present study investigated whether focusing on either kinesthetic or visual aspects of a task during practice amplifies or diminishes such differences between AIP and AEP. In ten sessions, four groups, using either AIP or AEP with either kinesthetic or visual focus, practiced a twelve-element sequence in a unimanual serial reaction time task. Tests involved the practice sequence, a mirror sequence, and a different sequence, each performed with the practice and transfer hand. In AIP and AEP, in both hands, reaction times (RTs) were shorter in the practice sequence than in the different sequence, indicating effector-independent visual-spatial sequence representations. Further, RTs were shorter in the practice hand than in the transfer hand in the practice sequence (but not in the different sequence), indicating effector-dependent representations in AEP and AIP. Although the representation types did not differ, learning effects were stronger in AEP than in AIP. Thus, although to a lower extent than in AEP, effector-dependent representations can be acquired using AIP. Contrary to the expectations, the focus manipulation did not have an impact on the acquired representation types. Hence, modality instructions in AIP may not have such a strong impact as commonly assumed, at least in implicit sequence learning.

Analyzing neural activity under prolonged mask usage through EEG

In recent COVID times, mask has been a compulsion at workplaces and institutes as a preventive measure against multiple viral diseases including coronavirus (COVID-19) disease. However, the effects of prolonged mask-wearing on humans’ neural activity are not well known. This paper is to investigate the effect of prolonged mask usage on the human brain through electroencephalogram (EEG), which acquires neural activity and translates it into comprehensible electrical signals. The performances of 10 human subjects with and without mask were assessed on a random patterned alphabet game. Besides EEG, physiological parameters of oxygen saturation, heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature were recorded. Spectral and statistical analysis were performed on the recorded entities along with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on extracted spectral features. The mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of the subjects with mask was smaller than the subjects without mask. The performances on the task and the oxygen saturation level between the two groups differed significantly (p < 0.05). Whereas, the blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate of both groups were similar. Based on the LDA analysis, the occipital and frontal lobes exhibited the greatest variability in channel measurements, with O1 and O2 channels in the occipital lobe demonstrating significant variations within the alpha band due to visual focus, while the F3, AF3, and F7 channels were found to be differentiating within the beta and gamma frequency bands due to the cognitive stimulating tasks. All other channels were observed to be non-discriminatory.

Evaluating the Usability of a Gaze-Adaptive Approach for Identifying and Comparing Raster Values between Multilayers

Raster maps provide intuitive visualizations of remote sensing data representing various phenomena on the Earth’s surface. Reading raster maps with intricate information requires a high cognitive workload, especially when it is necessary to identify and compare values between multiple layers. In traditional methods, users need to repeatedly move their mouse and switch their visual focus between the map content and legend to interpret various grid value meanings. Such methods are ineffective and may lead to the loss of visual context for users. In this research, we aim to explore the potential benefits and drawbacks of gaze-adaptive interactions when interpreting raster maps. We focus on the usability of the use of low-cost eye trackers on gaze-based interactions. We designed two gaze-adaptive methods, gaze fixed and gaze dynamic adaptations, for identifying and comparing raster values between multilayers. In both methods, the grid content of different layers is adaptively adjusted depending on the user’s visual focus. We then conducted a user experiment by comparing such adaptation methods with a mouse dynamic adaptation method and a traditional method. Thirty-one participants (n = 31) were asked to complete a series of single-layer identification and multilayer comparison tasks. The results indicated that although gaze interaction with adaptive legends confused participants in single-layer identification, it improved multilayer comparison efficiency and effectiveness. The gaze-adaptive approach was well received by the participants overall, but was also perceived to be distracting and insensitive. By analyzing the participants’ eye movement data, we found that different methods exhibited significant differences in visual behaviors. The results are helpful for gaze-driven adaptation research in (geo)visualization in the future.

An Eye-Tracking Study of GBL Motivators and Learner Behavior

Despite the significant positive characteristics game-based learning offers to pupil learning and assessment, preserving pupils’ interest and keeping them engaged in an educational game is still a challenge. To this end, the study and implementation of motivation mechanisms in educational games are considered crucial. Typical examples of motivators in electronic games include points (coins), avatar icons, visualization of achievement levels, NPCs (non-player characters) giving helpful information to users, children-friendly graphics and sound effects, comparison with classmates, and leaderboards. In this paper, we conduct a preliminary study of the effectiveness of these GBL motivators in MG, an educational game for practicing and assessing multiplication skills. The study combined eye-tracking with a short, semi-structured interview session with the four elementary school students that took part in the experiment. Eye-tracking provides detailed monitoring and visualization of gaze behavior in the form of fixation (point and duration of visual focus) and saccade sequences. Given that the way users allocate their visual focus is spontaneous, the data collected and analyzed by eye-tracking are unbiased and give a new spectrum of insight into how users perceive a visual stimulus. In this study, we investigate how users visually respond to the implemented motivators and their visual behavior when deciding between two or more available answers and when given feedback after a wrong answer. The paper discusses useful eye-tracking metrics, provides adequate visualizations of the main findings, and concludes with the ways eye-tracking can help education scientists and practitioners gain a better understanding of the behavior of users of GBL applications and the motivation mechanisms they support.

Detection of Spatially Localized Sounds Is Robust to Saccades and Concurrent Eye Movement-Related Eardrum Oscillations (EMREOs).

Hearing is an active process, and recent studies show that even the ear is affected by cognitive states or motor actions. One example are movements of the eardrum induced by saccadic eye movements, known as "eye movement-related eardrum oscillations" (EMREOs). While these are systematically shaped by the direction and size of saccades, the consequences of saccadic eye movements and their resulting EMREOs for hearing remain unclear. We here studied their implications for the detection of near-threshold clicks in human participants. Across three experiments, sound detection was not affected by their time of presentation relative to saccade onset, by saccade amplitude or direction. While the EMREOs were shaped by the direction and amplitude of the saccadic movement, inducing covert shifts in spatial attention did not affect the EMREO, suggesting that this signature of active sensing is restricted to overt changes in visual focus. Importantly, in our experiments, fluctuations in the EMREO amplitude were not related to detection performance, at least when monaural cues are sufficient. Hence, while eye movements may shape the transduction of acoustic information, the behavioral implications remain to be understood.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Previous studies suggest that oculomotor behavior may influence how we perceive spatially localized sounds. Recent work has introduced a new perspective on this question by showing that eye movements can directly modulate the eardrum. Yet, it remains unclear whether this signature of active hearing accounts for behavioral effects. We here show that overt but not covert changes in visual attention modulate the eardrum, but these modulations do not interfere with the detection of sounds. Our results provide a starting point to obtain a deeper understanding about the interplay of oculomotor behavior and the active ear.