Flubendiamide Research Articles

BIFENTHRIN, CLOTHIANIDIN, AND FLUBENDIAMIDE RESIDUES IN FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

As part of an ongoing program at North Carolina State University, research was conducted from 2010 to 2012 to establish the maximum expected pesticide residue on cured tobacco leaf that would result from a maximum labeled application rate and minimum preharvest interval of a specific pesticide. Residues of three insecticides (bifenthrin, clothianidin, and flubendiamide) were measured on flue-cured tobacco over 6 environments in North Carolina during the research cycle. Treatments were applied to flue-cured tobacco grown on research stations near Rocky Mount, NC and Kinston, NC. Tobacco was managed according to North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service recommendations and harvested four times by stalk position. Pesticide residues on cured leaf were determined by Global Laboratory Services, Inc. in Wilson, NC. Data were analyzed and reported by individual year, location, pesticide, and stalk position; with stalk positions one and two represented in the “lower” stalk position, stalk position three represe...

Development of a Novel Insecticide, Flubendiamide

Development of a Novel Insecticide, Flubendiamide

Liquid Chromatography−Tandem Mass Spectrometric Ion-Switching Determination of Chlorantraniliprole and Flubendiamide in Fruits and Vegetables

The anthranilic and phthalic diamides, chlorantraniliprole (CAP) and flubendiamide (FLU), respectively, represent a new class of very effective insecticides that activate the ryanodine-sensitive intracellular calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor). This paper reports an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of the two insecticides on fruits and vegetables by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry operated in the positive and negative ionization switching mode. The two diamides were extracted with acetonitrile and separated on a Zorbax Column Eclipse XDB C8 (4.6 mm x 150 mm i.d., 3 microm) by isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water with 0.1% formic acid pumped at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The diamides were selectively detected by multiple reaction monitoring for transitions of proton adduct precursor ions simultaneously: positive m/z 484.3-->285 for CAP, m/z 445.5-->169 for internal standard, and negative m/z 681.4-->253 for FLU. For CAP calibration in the positive mode was linear over a working range of 2 to 1000 microg/L with r > 0.992. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for CAP were 0.8 and 1.6 microg/kg, respectively. For FLU in the negative mode the corresponding values were 1-1000 microg/L for linear working range, with r > 0.996 and 0.4 and 0.8 microg/L for LOD and LOQ, respectively. Moreover, the presence of interfering compounds in the fruit and vegetable extracts was found to be minimal. Due to the linear behavior of the MS detector response for the two analytes, it was concluded that the multiple reaction transitions of molecular ions in the ion-switching mode can be used for analytical purposes, that is, for identification and quantification of diamides in fruit and vegetable extracts at trace levels.