Aeroacoustic phenomena generated by wind-structure interaction have gained increasing relevance due to the widespread use of lightweight and permeable façade elements. Several studies have shown that such configurations may emit tonal noise, yet their prediction and mitigation remain challenging. To address this, a dedicated experimental facility was developed to study, under controlled conditions, the coupling between the flow field and the acoustic field. The test bench was designed following aerodynamic similarity criteria and theoretical references on turbulent jets. Material selection was supported by absorption and transmission-loss measurements using a Kundt tube according to ISO 10534-2:1998 (Reaffirmed 2021) [1], while the acoustic characterization of the facility was conducted following ISO 3744:2010 [2]. This article presents a validated and reproducible experimental methodology intended to support future investigations of wind-induced noise in architectural and structural components.•Design of a controlled aeroacoustic test bench verified through standardized acoustic measurements.•Implementation of a multi-stage characterization protocol: material testing, background-noise mapping, and vibration analysis.•A reproducible framework for flow-acoustic coupling experiments on façade elements under controlled turbulent flow.

Mesh-agnostic prediction of unsteady flow dynamics using graph U-Nets

Precision agriculture increasingly relies on accurate large-scale localization and digital modeling for autonomous tasks in orchards. However, map drift and localization uncertainty under GNSS-limited agricultural settings remain challenging due to canopy occlusion and repetitive row geometry. This study introduces a novel cross-view fusion framework that integrates drone remote-sensing imagery (RSI) with ground LiDAR-IMU odometry (LIO) to achieve robust geo-localization and high-fidelity digital modeling in GNSS-denied orchard environments. We utilized a transformer-based matching network to learn modality-invariant structural cues and predict a pixel-level flow field between RSI and LIO structures. The estimated flow field was converted into geo-localization and loop-closure factors, which were integrated into the pose-graph for joint optimization. Additionally, a geo-spatial driven multi-layer orchard model was constructed based on RSI and LIO, which could extract phenotypes such as the height of fruit trees. We validated the framework in three representative areas of the apple orchard. On the multi-season dataset, the matching network achieved a mean endpoint error of 3.42 px (approximately 7 cm) and 94.5% of the samples within 5 px. The reconstruction pipeline achieved the root mean square error of the absolute pose error to 2.8–3.3 cm. The tree-height estimator built on the orchard model attained an R 2 of 0.95 and a mean absolute percentage error of 3.28%. The system is suitable for deployment on embedded devices for realtime operation. The framework provides centimeter-level global consistency in orchards, facilitates multi-season reconstruction and geo-spatial driven analysis, and serves as an AI-driven digital solution for next-generation orchard management. • Transformer-based cross-view fusion enables robust geo-localization and high-fidelity orchard-scale 3D modeling. • Pose-graph optimization with geo-localization and loop-closure factors sustains centimeter-level global consistency across seasons. • A GIS-driven multi-layer orchard model supports tree-scale phenotyping. • Embedded device deployment validates the performance and operational feasibility of the framework.

Momentum and heat transfer from spherical sections in Bingham plastic fluids

Effects of vortices formed by asymmetric induced charges on the flow field and mass transfer of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids

Flow and electric field affect ammonia absorption into evaporating sessile water droplets

This data article describes a flow-level dataset derived from paired captures on both sides of a WireGuard virtual private network tunnel. Pre-tunnel traffic was recorded on the inner tunnel interface before encapsulation, and encrypted transport traffic was recorded on the outer side, using a GL.iNet Flint 2 (GL-MT6000) router, an inline network TAP, and a Linux capture host. Two capture sessions totaling approximately 80 hours of residential broadband traffic from 10 devices were recorded with nanosecond-precision packet timestamps; the released flow-level data uses millisecond resolution as exported by NFStream. The raw captures were cleaned to retain TCP and UDP packets and to remove non-initial IPv4 fragments. Flow records were generated from the cleaned inner-side captures using NFStream, which assigned each flow an application name and application category label via deep packet inspection. Inner packets were matched to outer WireGuard transport data packets using time alignment and a padded-length consistency rule, and matched packets were attributed to flows using 5-tuple keys with temporal and capacity constraints. Encrypted-side statistics were then aggregated per flow. The released dataset consists of two Parquet files, one per capture session, that combine NFStream flow fields, including application labels and inner-side per-packet sequences for the first 255 packets, with encrypted-side derived attributes such as matched packet counts, byte totals, durations, rates, direction-specific byte volumes, packet-size statistics, inter-arrival time distributions, size-ratio metrics and outer-side per-packet sequences for the first 255 packets. This cross-correlation structure pairing pre-tunnel application labels with encrypted tunnel-side features, can support research on encrypted traffic classification, application identification, VPN detection, and feature engineering for flow-level analysis under encryption.

A strategy to construct physics-based local surrogate models for parametric Stokes flows and coupled Stokes-Darcy systems is presented. The methodology relies on the proper generalized decomposition (PGD) method to reduce the dimensionality of the parametric flow fields and on an overlapping domain decomposition (DD) paradigm to reduce the number of globally coupled degrees of freedom in space. The DD-PGD approach provides a non-intrusive framework in which end-users only need access to the matrices arising from the (finite element) discretization of the full-order problems in the subdomains. The traces of the finite element functions used for the discretization within the subdomains are employed to impose arbitrary Dirichlet boundary conditions at the interface, without introducing auxiliary basis functions. The methodology is seamless to the choice of the discretization schemes in space, being compatible with both LBB-compliant finite element pairs and stabilized formulations, and the DD-PGD paradigm is transparent to the employed overlapping DD approach. The local surrogate models are glued together in the online phase by solving a parametric interface system to impose continuity of the subdomain solutions at the interfaces, without introducing Lagrange multipliers to enforce the continuity in the entire overlap and without solving any additional physical problem in the reduced space. Numerical results are presented for parametric single-physics (Stokes-Stokes) and multi-physics (Stokes-Darcy) systems, showcasing the accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency of DD-PGD, and its capability to outperform DD methods based on high-fidelity finite element solvers in terms of computing times.

Influence of flow field configurations on electrochemical performance and hydrogen crossover in zero-gap alkaline water electrolysis stacks

Improvement of topological optimization of turbulent conjugate heat transfer in complex design domains by the initialization layout method based on flow field control

Noise-robust reduced-order modeling of unsteady flow fields based on tensor eigen-reconstruction method

Numerical study on the flow field characteristics and efficiency losses in nuclear power turbines based on the non-equilibrium condensation model

• CFD was used to analyze the flow field characteristics, such as the velocity field, pressure field, viscous force field, and turbulent kinetic energy distribution. • As the angle of the sector-shaped opening in the meshing area decreases, the windage of the gear pair decreases. • The oil drainage groove should be designed at a position where the included angle between the side of meshing out and the meshing center of the gear pair is 45°. • When the sector-shaped opening of the groove was small, the windage of the gear was also small, and the windage loss was the smallest when the groove opening angle was 10°. To reduce the windage loss caused by hydrodynamic behavior, this study optimizes the parameters of the windshield based on the analysis of the drag reduction mechanism of the windshield. CFD was used to analyze the flow field characteristics to study the influence of the windshield on the motion state of the fluid around the gears and to clarify the drag reduction mechanism of the windshield. The control variable method is adopted to study the influence of the opening at the meshing area of the gear pair and the oil drainage groove on the drag reduction effect of the windshield to optimize the design parameters of the windshield. The research results show that: the drag reduction effect is optimal when the windshield covers the three surfaces of the spiral bevel gear, and the windage power loss is minimized when the gap between the windshield and the gear surface is 1 mm. Without affecting the meshing motion of the gear pair, the smaller the meshing opening, the smaller the windage of the gear pair. When an oil drainage groove with a 10° sector-shaped opening is designed at the position where the included angle between the meshing-out side of the gear pair and meshing center is 45°, the drag reduction effect of the windshield is the best.

Influence of thermal contact resistance and membrane electrode assembly deformation on heat and mass transfer in proton exchange membrane fuel cell with interdigitated flow fields

• Hybrid HAWT–PV prototype with interchangeable 3-, 4-, and 5-blade rotors is experimentally and numerically characterized for compact small-scale generation. • Blade-number effect clarified: more blades reduce vibration and shift peak response to higher frequencies, while 5 blades give the highest torque and C p with the most stable electrical output. • Validated CFD–experiment agreement shows smoother, more uniform flow at higher solidity, and the 5-blade hybrid delivers up to 28.9 W, outperforming stand-alone wind or solar units in daily energy yield. Global growth in electricity demand and the environmental impact of fossil-fuel–based generation motivate the development of compact, efficient, and structurally robust small-scale renewable systems. This study develops and validates an integrated hybrid generation system that structurally combines a horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) with 3-, 4-, and 5-blade rotors and a photovoltaic panel within a single support framework. The objective is to design a compact prototype, experimentally characterize its aerodynamic and electrical performance, and evaluate its structural integrity through numerical simulation. The development method integrates experimental testing, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), structural modal and harmonic response analysis using numerical simulation, and GIS-based feasibility assessment incorporating land–energy planning and seasonal wind variability. Experimental results show that the 3-blade rotor achieves higher rotational speed and a broader, nearly linear TSR range, making it suitable for stronger wind conditions. The 5-blade rotor produces the highest torque and power coefficient ( C P ) while maintaining the lowest vibration amplitude and more stable electrical output. Harmonic analysis indicates that increasing blade count reduces vibration amplitude and shifts peak response toward higher frequencies, improving operational stability. CFD simulations corroborate these findings, revealing smoother and more uniform flow fields with increasing rotor solidity. When integrated with the solar panel, the 5-blade configuration delivers a maximum combined electrical output of 28.9 W. The results demonstrate that structural integration, supported by coupled experimental–numerical validation and geo-spatial feasibility analysis, enhances daily energy yield and provides a practical design pathway for small-scale coastal hybrid renewable energy systems.

An open source ultrasonic anemometer for the spatially distributed and time synchronized measurement of large scale flow fields.

A 2D-COMSOL Multiphysics model of a gradient-based parallel flow fields (PFF) for performance enhancement of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)

Superhydrophilic treatment of porous transport layer integrated with porous flow field for efficient hydrogen production in PEM electrolyzers

The numerical and experimental studies of honeycomb-like flow field with cuboid chamfered baffles

A novel gradient double-sided rectangular blockage cathode flow field for enhancing mass transport and output performance in PEMFCs