Floristic Inventory Research Articles

Inventory of ferns and lycophytes within forest fragments of Araucaria in southern Brazil

Abstract: The Araucaria Forest is a unique plant formation, practically restricted to the Atlantic Forest biome, in the South and Southeast of Brazil. It is immensely fragmented and its area is reduced to a minimum fraction, from 13 to 2% of the original area, due to intense anthropic exploitation. Our study evaluated the richness and floristic composition of ferns and lycophytes within three Araucaria forest fragments, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the floristic inventory, a parcel of 1 ha (100x100m) was demarcated inside three fragments, which were classified by size: large (246 ha - H1LF), medium (57 ha - H2MF) and small (5.2 ha - H3SF). Occurring species life forms and preferential substrates up to 4 meters above ground were recorded. In total, 55 species were catalogued, only two of which were lycophytes, distributed in 32 genera and 17 families. Considering the area of fragments, the recorded species richness has decreased, presenting greater numbers in H1LF (48), followed by H2MF (33), and H3SF (29). In the three sites, terrestrial substrate and the hemicryptophyte species life form predominated. We observed that one hectare of a larger forest fragment presented 65% more species than that of a smaller one, considering that the smaller fragment total area represents only 2% of the larger forest's area. On the other hand, one hectare of the smaller fragment contributed 17% to fern and lycophyte species conservation occurring in Brazilian Araucaria Forests, and 8% to the state of Rio Grande do Sul's total richness. The diverse heterogeneity and species composition grants floristic identity to each of the studied forest interiors. Our results highlight the need to include the botanical parameters here analyzed in management, conservation degree evaluation, and maintenance of Araucaria Forests plant biodiversity.

A floristic inventory of Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary (Collier County and Lee County), Florida, U.S.A.

Documented presently as growing wild within Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary (Collier Co. and Lee Co., Florida, U.S.A) are individuals of 126 families, 401 genera, 756 species, and 773 infrageneric taxa of vascular plants. Those data, combined with records from previous workers, yield a total of 770 species and 787 infrageneric taxa documented for the Sanctuary. Of the 773 infrageneric taxa documented presently, 611 (79.0%) are native to Florida. Herein, seven main kinds of habitats are recognized for the study area, and individual taxa inhabit one or more of those habitats. Twenty-nine presently reported infrageneric taxa are listed as Endangered (16 taxa) or Threatened in Florida (13 taxa). For South Florida, 36 infrageneric taxa listed as Extirpated (3 taxa), as Historical (5 taxa), or as Critically Imperiled (28 taxa) were documented during this study.

Contribución al conocimiento de la riqueza florística en el estado Lara, Venezuela

Exploraciones botánicas en los municipios Morán y Urdaneta del estado Lara, Venezuela, fueron realizadas entre 2005 y 2015. Estas localidades se caracterizan por presentar bosques secundarios, matorrales y espinares, así como bosques ribereños. El material botánico fue tratado siguiendo las técnicas convencionales de herborización. Se utilizó el sistema de clasificación APG III y las muestras fueron depositadas en el herbario UCOB. Se presenta el primer reporte de 21 especies entre 18 Magnoliophyta y tres Pteridophyta, diez de las cuales constituyen nuevos registros altitudinales, entre ellas nueve especies superaron los rangos de altitud conocidos hasta el presente, y una especie se encontró por debajo del rango, las once especies restantes se mantuvieron dentro de sus intervalos reportados para las mismas en publicaciones anteriores. Se discute la relevancia de los inventarios florísticos locales en relación con la distribución de las especies y se reportan nuevos taxones para la región

Impacts of the anthropic activities of the decade of politic and army crisis on the diversity of the woody forest plants in the south of the Sangbé Mount national park, Côte d'Ivoire

This study relates to the impact of the anthropic activities of the decade of Politic and army crisis of Cote d'Ivoire, on the dynamics of the woody plants family of the Southern part of the National park of the Sangbe Mount. The main aim was to characterize the impact of these activities on the dynamics of the arborescent ligneous family of the Park. In a specific way, it was: (1) to identify the sources activities of impact; (2) to analyze and evaluate the impacts of these activities on the dynamics of the ligneous family and (3) to put forward measures of attenuation or corrective to compensate for the losses in biodiversity. With this intention, floristic inventories were carried out according to the method of the of surface in a device made up of 20 small squares of 2000 m ² (50mx 40m) each one gathered in five blocks directed according to the cardinal points. Got results shows that the anthropic activities caused a strong reduction of the density, diameter, size and a reduction of the diversity of the woody plants family particularly that of the woody species with particular status. The compensation of these losses can result from the fight against the aggressions of the park by the sensitizing of the bordering populations and the biological control of Chromolaena odorata.

Catálogo de la flora de los Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia: Parque Nacional Natural El Tuparro

The Tuparro National Natural Park is the only conservation area of national character that is located in the high plains of the Colombian Orinoquia. Its vegetation corresponds to a mosaic of savannas with patches of swamp forests and matas de monte in non-flooded terrain. Since its establishment as a conservation area in 1970, multiple collections were deposited mainly in the Federico Medem Bogota (FMB), Nacional Colombiano (COL) and Missouri Botanical Garden (MO) herbaria. The review of these collections shows a list of 768 species of vascular plants grouped in 114 families and 448 genera. One-hundred and sixteen species with some threat category, 5 with some local use, and 14 as Values Subject of Conservation are documented. Endemic species to the Park were not found, probably due to the fact that the ecosystems of the Park are also found in other regions of the Orinoco basin in Colombia and Venezuela. 71% of the listed species are associated with forest vegetation, and 25% to savannas. It is estimated that the floristic inventory of the Park is quite complete in terms of collections but that a comprehensive review of collections by specialists is still necessary and could increase the number of species up to about 7%.

Native understory palms (Arecaceae) of the Atlantic Forest in Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil

Abstract In this study, we examined the distribution and conservation status of understory palms in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina using data collected by the Floristic and Forest Inventory of Santa Catarina (IFFSC). Understory palms were systematically sampled within sampling units (SU) distributed over a state-wide 10 × 10 km grid. Among the 206 total SU monitored by IFFSC within Pluvial and Coastal Forest, 86% (n=177 SU) contained understory palms, comprising 1738 individuals from the following species: Bactris setosa, Geonoma elegans, G. gamiova, and G. schottiana. To explore the conservation status of understory palm populations in Santa Catarina, we overlaid a map of federal priority conservation areas on top of IFFSC distribution data for understory palms. Conservation priority levels defined by the Brazilian Environmental Agency (MMA) are rated Extremely High, Very High, High and Insufficiently Known. Ninety-four percent of the SU containing understory palms overlapped priority conservation areas, highlighting the centrality of understory palms in biodiversity conservation. Despite the wide distribution of understory palm communities in Santa Catarina, intense scrutiny of forest remnants is necessary in view of sensitivity to environmental disturbance, so as to guarantee the maintenance of understory palm populations and their ecosystem services.

Angiospermas nativas documentadas en la literatura para el Estado de México, México

Antecedentes y Objetivos: En 1979 se publicó por primera vez la riqueza de plantas vasculares en el Estado de México. La información allí presentada ha perdido actualidad debido al incremento de aportaciones florísticas. El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir al conocimiento de la flora del Estado de México, a partir de la literatura florística-taxonómica disponible.Métodos: Se integró una base de datos con la información proveniente de 351 documentos. Se elaboró un mapa que ilustra la ubicación geográfica de los inventarios florísticos y se determinó, mediante el índice de Sørensen, la similitud florística entre inventarios.Resultados clave: Se compiló una lista con 169 familias, 1103 géneros y 3924 especies de angiospermas. Asteraceae (153 géneros y 588 especies), Fabaceae (82 y 372), Poaceae (85 y 340) y Orchidaceae (70 y 231) son las familias mejor representadas. Muhlenbergia (54 especies), Salvia (53) e Ipomoea (51) presentaron el mayor número de especies. Las tesis fundamentan 80% de los taxa. El índice de similitud reveló que la mayoría de las especies están restringidas a una o dos compilaciones. La distribución de los sitios de exploración botánica no es uniforme, se han realizado más trabajos florísticos en las zonas sur y suroeste del estado. Las investigaciones se han llevado a cabo principalmente en sitios próximos a vías de comunicación e instituciones educativas de trascendencia y las regiones montañosas han sido pobremente recolectadas.Conclusiones: La información sobre la riqueza de angiospermas acumulada en la literatura resulta fundamental para determinar la distribución geográfica de las especies en los municipios del estado, adicionar información sobre endemismo, usos actuales y potenciales, así como establecer programas de conservación de los recursos naturales.

Adiciones a la pteridoflora de Tabasco, México: la importancia del bosque mesófilo de montaña

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El ejido Villa de Guadalupe del municipio Huimanguillo, Tabasco, mantiene el único fragmento de bosque mesófilo de montaña en el estado, mismo que ha sido florísticamente poco explorado. Este estudio se suma a otros anteriormente publicados, donde los reportes de nuevos registros aumentan considerablemente la riqueza de especies de helechos y licopodios conocidas hasta ahora para Tabasco. El objetivo principal es actualizar el conocimiento de la pteridoflora de la entidad, enfatizando la importancia del bosque mesófilo de montaña.Métodos: Se realizaron colectas al azar de helechos epífitos y terrestres en la cara norte y noreste del cerro Las Flores (450-1000 m s.n.m.) en el municipio Huimanguillo. Los especímenes fueron identificados principalmente mediante claves taxonómicas y distribuidos en herbarios nacionales y extranjeros.Resultados clave: Se registraron en total 64 especies de helechos y licopodios. Las familias mejor representadas fueron Polypodiaceae, Dryopteridaceae e Hymenophyllaceae. Se destaca el registro de 30 especies que no habían sido reportadas previamente en el estado de Tabasco. Para los géneros Cochlidium, Elaphoglossum, Hypolepis, Odontosoria, Parapolystichum, Polytaenium, Saccoloma y Sphaeropteris, este es el primer reporte para la entidad.Conclusiones: Las nuevas adiciones a la pteridoflora de Tabasco proporcionan un recuento de 169 especies para el estado, lo cual actualiza la información conocida hasta ahora (137 especies) y manifiesta la necesidad de continuar con la realización de inventarios florísticos regionales. El presente estudio representa uno de los pocos trabajos publicados que documentan la riqueza de un grupo taxonómico en específico en el bosque mesófilo de montaña del estado.

Spatial distribution of caatinga plants in the environment of a thermelectric

The vegetation of the Caatinga of the Brazilian semiarid of the xerophilous type is usually found between shallow and poorly permeable soils, which is constantly affected by irregular deforestation. In this context, the objective of this work was to identify the floristic species of a thermoelectric plant located in the semi - arid Paraibano region, in addition to diagnosing the ecological integrity of the arboreal remnants of this area. The Phytosociological Survey of this study was carried out in an area with 20.1ha, with sampling in six plots. The processing of phytosociological data was carried out using Mata Nativa 4.0 software. The identification of floristic species was evaluated through the basal area, density, frequency, dominance, cover value and importance value. For the analysis of the data, the similarity between the species was compared by the Jaccard index, the floristic similarity matrix was used for cluster analysis and dendrogram generation. The floristic species inventoried, totaled 280 individuals and the family that had the largest representative was the Euphorbiaceae. It was observed that the studied area is in process of ecological succession, due to the physical pressures of the residents of the surroundings, with exploitation of natural resources of uncontrolled form causing, deforestation, burnings, among others. It is verified that floristic inventories are of great importance to monitor biodiversity, as well as to draw up, goals of efficient environmental management and serve as a tool aimed at the conservation of the Caatinga species.

Floristic inventory of wild plants of Peshawar university campus

Floristic inventory of wild plants comprised of total 129 plant species belonging to 42 families and 101 genera. Location wise UAP contributed greater amount of plant species (53%), followed by PFI (29%), UoP (15%) and Islamia College (3%). Majority of the plants were annual herbs (58%), followed by perennial herbs (29%), trees (10%) and shrubs (3%), respectively. The leading families included Poaceae, contributed 18% of all the plant species. Habitat wise, 44% of them grew in grassy plains, abandoned lands and mismanaged lawns, followed by roadsides (34%), undulating grassy plains (15%) and stony grounds with uneven topography along with stream banks and drainage ditches (7%). Still some of plant species were used as ornamentals, while some shrubs were use in fencing around fields; others were utilized as green manure, for fishing, sheltering and religious purposes. Exploring and identifying the wild flora of the campus and compiling as a handbook would help to monitor new plants introductions particularly of noxious invasive weeds in the campuses in future.

An updated plant inventory and biological spectrum of Tracheophytes flora of upper Tanawal area on western borders of Lesser Himalaya

An updated plant inventory and biological spectrum of Tracheophytes flora of upper Tanawal area on western borders of Lesser Himalaya

Floristic inventory and ecological characterization the village Sherpao, District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa- Pakistan

Floristic inventory of village Sherpao, District Charsadda comprised of total 104 plant species belonging to 46 families and 95 genera. The leading families included Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae and contributed by 8 species one (7.69%).The most pre-dominant life form was therophytes having 35 species (33.65%). Most dominant habit of flora were herbs having 77 species (74%) followed by trees contributed by 18 species (17.30%) and shrubs having 9 species (8.65%). Leaf size spectra of the flora showed that the most dominant leaf size class were microphyll having 38 species (36.53%) followed by nanophyll contributed by 32 species (30.76%), mesophyll represented 22 species (21.15%) and leptophyll contributed by 12 species (11.53%). Based on habitat 77 species (74%) were xerophytic in nature followed by 14 species (13.46%) in wet condition and 13 species (12.5%) were present in both conditions. In 104 plant species 85 were non spiny and 19 were spiny. Plant growth and distribution are having strong correlation with environment. Therefore, it is important to understand the environmental aspects that affect plant growth and distribution.

Floristic inventory of vascular plant in Nam Ha National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Lao People's Democratic Republic

The floristic inventory of vascular plants in Nam Ha National Biodiversity Conservation Area was conducted to understand the plant diversity in the northern area of Lao People's Democratic Republic. From the joint field surveys between Korean and Laos experts conducted during 2015–2017, it was found that there are 64 families, 145 genera, and 189 species distributed in the Nam Ba National Biodiversity Conservation Area, and a total of 56 families, 117 genera, and 148 species which comprise more than 78% of the total species were identified as endemic plants to the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Considering the usage of the plants, there are 91 species of medicinal plants, 33 species of ornamental plants, eight species of edible plants, and 16 species of economic plants. In addition, it was found out that Dalbergia balansae and Cinnamomum macrocarpum are categorized as vulnerable in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red list, and 13 more species are categorized as the least concern.

Bibliographical Checklist of marine and estuarine phytobenthos of Ilha Grande, Ilha Grande state park, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

This paper is a taxonomically updated floristic inventory and a bibliographical summary of the marine and estuarine benthic flora located in the buffer zone of Ilha Grande State Park, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (coordinates: latitude 22° 50’S between 23° 20’S and longitude 44° 00’W between 44° 45’W). A total of 26 papers were found dating from 1928 to 2016. The surveys at Ilha Grande can be divided into three periods: a) taxonomical studies at specific points, b) taxonomic in­ventories in certain areas, c) ecological surveys located in the north/northwest region of the island. A total of 256 phytobenthic taxa were recorded for Ilha Grande, which makes it the richest insular marine benthic flora published on the Brazilian coast. The richest taxonomic division was the Rhodophyta with 156 taxa, followed by the Chlorophyta division with 51 taxa and the Ochrophyta division with 49 taxa. The predominant orders were: red algae: a) Ceramiales (49%); b) brown algae: Ectocarpales (29%); c) green algae: Cladophorales (45%). The most frequent taxa were: green algae: Ulva flexuosa Wulfen subsp. flexuous and Ulva fasciata Delile (40% each); b) brown algae: Padina gymnospora (Kutzing) Sonder (47%), c) red algae: Gelidium sp. [= G. pusillum (Stackh.) Le Jol. var. pusillum (53%)].

The influence of late Quaternary sedimentation on vegetation in an Amazonian lowland megafan

AbstractThe largest areas of white‐sand vegetation in northern Amazonia are confined to Late Pleistocene–Holocene megafan depositional systems, which suggest a relationship between the two. The aim of this work is to determine: (i) the relative role of sedimentary history and recent ecological processes to explaining the mosaic of white‐sand forest patches, grasslands and shrublands in a wetland area of northern Amazonia; and (ii) the long‐term successional trajectory that led to the establishment of the white‐sand forest patches. Facies analysis was used to reconstruct the megafan paleoenvironment; δ13C, total organic carbon and carbon/nitrogen from sedimentary organic matter to reconstruct the past vegetation; and floristic inventories to characterize the modern vegetation. The results revealed that the Viruá megafan consists of various sandy sub‐environments, including aeolian sand dunes and sheets developed mostly in the Holocene after the megafan turned inactive as a depositional site. Dune margins and tops are colonized by white‐sand trees mixed with a few generalist rain‐forest species, whereas adjacent lower‐lying areas, which are affected by seasonal flooding, are covered by graminoid plants and/or shrubs. The latter initiated their development over the megafan surface in different times of the Holocene due to hydrological gradients imposed by the topography of the various megafan depositional environments, while the white‐sand forest became dominant only on sand dunes over the last few centuries. We suggest that the late Quaternary sedimentary history was crucial in creating morphologies that now determine topographic gradients responsible for different vegetation physiognomies over the Amazonian lowlands. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Primer registro de Draconopteris draconoptera (Tectariaceae) para la flora de Honduras

Antecedentes y Objetivos: En 1996 las pteridofitas en Honduras estaban representadas por 109 géneros y 651 especies. Sin embargo, aunque no hay un catálogo reciente que refleje la diversidad actual de este grupo, han sido descubiertas en territorio hondureño nuevos registros y especies. Con el objetivo de aumentar el conocimiento del grupo, se presenta el primer registro de Draconopteris draconoptera para la flora de Honduras.Métodos: Como parte de inventarios florísticos en sitios arqueológicos dentro del núcleo de la Reserva del Hombre y Biosfera del Río Plátano (RHBRP), se colectaron diversos especímenes de plantas, entre ellos una especie no reportada previamente, identificada por el especialista R. C. Moran y confirmada posteriormente, usando claves taxonómicas.Resultados clave: El helecho encontrado en la RHBRP, Draconopteris draconoptera, representa un nuevo registro de un género monoespecífico para la flora de Honduras, expandiendo su distribución conocida más hacia el norte.Conclusiones: Se observa la necesidad de continuar investigando y actualizar el catálogo de pteridofitas de Honduras, con base en cambios taxonómicos recientes y el descubrimiento de nuevas especies y registros en el territorio hondureño desde su última actualización.

Floristic inventories and collaborative approaches: a new era for checklists and floras?

The publication of the checklist of the Italian vascular flora (Conti et al. 2005) was the first opportunity in which the members of the Working Group for Floristics, Systematics and Evolution of t...

ADDITIONS TO THE FLORA OF EUROPEAN RUSSIA

Data on two vascular plant species new to Russian flora and other 32 notable regional records made in seven regions of European Russia (Vologda Region, Kostroma Region, Leningrad Region, Pskov Region, Yaroslavl Region, Saint-Petersburg and Udmurt Republic) are given. The presented material is derived from the floristic inventories conducted in 2006-2017, and critical study of the available herbarium. Euphrasia micrantha Rchb. and Senecio inaequidens DC. are reported as new to Russia, the first species as native and the secong one as alien. Bupleurum falcatum L. is reported as a new alien species for the flora of NW European Russia. Bidens frondosa L. is new for the Pskov Region. Cardamine flexuosa With. is reported for the Yaroslavl Region for the first time. Eight taxa are reported as new to the Kostroma Region, five of them (Alnus x hybrida R. Br. ex Rchb., Carex bohemica Schreb., Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl, Sedum maximum (L.) Hoffm. and Urtica galeopsifolia Wierzb. ex Opiz) considered native, and three others (Collomia linearis Nutt., Gypsophila elegans Bieb. and Silene armeria L.) as alien. Dryopteris x uliginosa (A. Br. ex Doll) Kuntze ex Druce is a new hybrid for the Kostroma Region, Leningrad Region and Udmurt Republic. In addition, 20 species with lacking regional records are reported to. The data presented points to a continuing spreading of alien plants across European Russia. On the other hand, the native flora of some regions is still poorly investigated.

Impact of Urban Anthropogenic Pressures on the Mangrove Forest of Sainte Marie (East Madagascar)

This article demonstrates the urban anthropogenic threats and their impacts on Sainte Marie (Eastern Madagascar) mangrove ecosystem. In addition to conducting interview with 158 residents, floristic inventories were carried out in order to compare the mangrove structure between a control site and another one that was impacted by Belle Vue dyke (south of the District downtown) rehabilitation. From 2003 to 2014, the island of Sainte Marie lost 0.47% per year of its mangrove area. 87% of the harvested resources from this ecosystem are fish products and are related to human nutrition. The mangrove is used as a dumping ground for liquid and solid waste in the lots of Saint Joseph and La Pointe. Defecation in the open air is topical under the island’s mangrove forest. A very weak resilience of the mangrove impacted by the rehabilitation of Belle Vue dyke was noted. Indeed, regenerations of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Ceriops tagal have struggled to rebuild. The total height and diameter of impacted trees decreased by 37.2% and 44.3%, respectively. The development of an updated urban master plan, including mangroves in the related zoning process is an imperative measurement for the conservation and/or valuation of existing lots.

Ecological and Structural Analyses of Trees in an Evergreen Lowland Congo Basin Forest

Floristic inventory and diversity assessments are necessary to understand the present diversity status and conservation of forest biodiversity. Studying the variation height-diameter woody provides insight into the general characteristics of the trees diversity pattern. This study mainly focuses on aimed to assess the effectiveness of trees diversity and structure in two study sites. The study was conducted at Ipendja evergreen lowland moist forest in northern Republic of Congo. The sampling design was systematic consisted of parallel transect 1 or 2 km part, and divided into consecutive rectangular plots, each 5000m2 (25 x 200 m, i.e. 0.5 ha). Within eight plots censuses, all trees with a DBH 10 cm were identified and measured. A total of 1340 trees has been recorded belonged 145 species and 36 families (n = 607 and n = 733, respectively in Mokelimwaekili and Sombo sites). The results show that the leading botanical families were Sapotaceae follows by Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Sterculiaceae, Annonaceae and Rubiaceae. The most representative species were C. mildbraedii, S. kamerunensis and P. oliveri, i.e. 62.06%, 30.34% and 28.27% respectively, suggested that they were the leading dominant species of this forest ecosystem. Shannon index were 4.29 bits for Mokelimwaekili and 4.22 bits for Sombo. While Pielou’s evenness index was between 0.88 and 0.90, respectively for the Mokelimwaekili and Sombo sites. The similarity coefficient for Jaccard was 62% and 58% for Sorensen. There are highlight variations in tree diversity indices across sites and plots in Ipendja forest.