Floor Impact Sound Insulation Research Articles

Aspects concerning the acoustical performance of school buildings in Portugal

Acoustic measurements were performed in eight schools of different levels of education (from kindergarten to college) located in Viseu – Portugal. The acoustic evaluation was made in order to analyze the most common problems that may condition the acoustic environment inside school building.The acoustics evaluation of school buildings was made by the measurement of: reverberation time in classrooms; sound insulation between classrooms and between classrooms and corridors; impact sound insulation of floors and airborne sound insulation of façade. The sound insulation of façade was made with all elements closed and with natural ventilation conditions (banners or windows tilt mode).It was found that most of the studied cases revealed disabled constructive aspects in relation to the acoustic requirements of school buildings compromising the quality of education.

Correspondence between two types of rating indices for the heavy weight floor impact sound insulation of residential buildings

Of the two types of rating indices for the heavy weight floor impact sound insulation, the method of utilizing a rubber ball impact source combined with A-weighted sound level and the method utilizing a tire impact source combined with L-rating curve, the advantage of the former has been reported. In order to extend the advantage, the possibility was studied of estimating the rating utilizing the rubber ball impact source, based on the measurement results utilizing the tire impact source, especially for the case of a double leaf wooden floor. The correlation between the indices is not high enough to estimate one of them directly from the other with an accuracy not incorrectly estimating the rating grade of 5dB step. The use of predictor variables, such as the special specifications of the double leaf wooden floor, for example, the use of sound insulation sheet, and the floor impact sound levels in the 31.5-Hz, 63-Hz and 125-Hz bands, is possibly able to increase the accuracy. Three principal types of multiple regression equation were derived through the analysis of measurement results in existing residential buildings.

Facility for floor impact sound insulation

Facility for floor impact sound insulation

Sound Insulation Performance Evaluation of Military Facility by Modular System

A modular system is an industrialized building system that is transported to the field and assembled in a short period of time. This system shortens the construction time, ensures high-quality and reduces on-site labor costs. Recently, the construction of modular military facilities has increased because of the characteristics of military facilities. Accordingly, a modular system has been used in bachelor officer’s quarters (BOQ) and barracks. An inhabited military facility needs to be of apartment house quality. In various requirements of house quality, the sound insulation performance is considered important. In this study, the sound insulation performance of a modular system was evaluated in a constructed military facility. As a result, the BOQ satisfied the performance level of the ‘Floor impact sound insulation structure Accreditation and management standard for apartment house’ and ‘Green Building Certification Criteria’.

Changes in Floor Impact Sound Insulation Performance with Time

Floating floor structures installed with resilient materials are commonly used to reduce sound from floor impacts. Resilient materials minimize the transmission of vibrations by absorbing shock vibrations occurring on the upper part. The floor impact sound reduction performance of resilient materials is related to the dynamic stiffness, which is a physical characteristic of materials. However, the dynamic stiffness varies according to the increase in the loading time of the load that is installed on the upper part of resilient materials. The dynamic stiffness values increase with an increase in the loading time; an increased dynamic stiffness value decreases the vibration reduction effect. The present study focuses on a floor structure installed with resilient materials, and identifies the degree of reduction in floor impact sound insulation performance with the elapse of time. The insulation of sound from lightweight impact sound decreased with the elapse of time, whereas the heavyweight impact sound did not show significant changes.

데크플레이트와 경량성형재가 결합된 슬래브의 차음성능에 대한 실물실험 평가

This study is to explore floor impact sound and sound insulation of reinforced concrete structure with void-deck slab system which combines polystyrene void foam and T-shaped steel deck plate. A void-deck slab system can effectively reduce the amount of concrete used and hence the mass of a reinforced concrete slab. Also void slab system has dynamically favorable for bending. Three-bay 2-story building was constructed as a mock up test specimen using void-deck slab system and floor impact sound was measured to valuate sound insulation performance. Light weight floor impact and heavy weight floor impact were investigated. Light weight floor impact pressure levels were 32dB, 28dB, and 29db at representative locations which are 1 st level in the floor impact sound insulation performance grading system. The heavy-weight floor impact pressure levels were 44dB, 45dB, and 43dB at representative locations which are 2 nd level in the floor impact sound insulation performance grading system. Therefore void-deck slab system can be used in public housing apartment building in terms of not only effectively reduced construction materials but also floor impact sound insulation.

강재프레임 모듈러주택의 바닥충격음 성능평가

이 논문에서는 최근 관심을 모으고 있는 강재프레임 모듈러주택의 건식 바닥시스템을 대상으로 바닥충격음 차단성능을 확보하기 위하여 시도된 다양한 바닥구조의 실험결과에 대하여 제시하고 있다. 실험결과, 단위모듈 건식온돌 바닥구조는 완충구조로서 액체몰을 사용한 바닥구조 D31(D32)를 사용하는 조건에서 경량충격음의 경우 주택건설기준 등에 관한 규정에서 정하고 있는 바닥충격음 차단성능의 1등급 수준의 확보가 가능하고, 중량충격음의 경우는 바닥충격음 차단성능의 최저등급이기는 하나 기본적인 성능의 확보가 가능한 것으로 평가되었다. This paper presents various attempts to secure the floor impact sound insulation performance on the dry floor system of steel framed modular house that lately attracted domestic attention. Test results show that in the condition of using dry floor system of D31(D32), the light-weight impact noise performance records the top level in the floor impact sound insulation performance grading system. the heavy-weight floor impact noise performance meets the minimum sound level limit in the floor impact sound insulation performance grading system that enacted regulation on housing construction standards.

Investigation of the effects of different types of interlayers on floor impact sound insulation in box-frame reinforced concrete structures

In the present study, the effects of resilient isolators and viscoelastic damping materials on reducing heavyweight floor impact sounds from reinforced concrete structures were investigated using FEM simulations and in situ measurements. At first, the dynamic properties of the materials were measured using a beam transfer function method to include the properties in an FEM simulation. As a result, the damping materials provided a higher loss factor and dynamic elastic modulus than the resilient isolators. Subsequently, FEM simulations and in situ measurements were conducted to investigate the effects of the interlayers on the characteristics of floor impact sounds and vibrations. The results indicated that the impact vibration acceleration level and floor impact sounds at low frequencies were significantly decreased owing to the installation of damping materials, whereas the impact sound pressure levels at low frequencies were increased as a result of the use of resilient isolators.

Effect of floating floor and raised floor on floor impact sound insulation of wooden construction

The Act on the Promotion Wood for Public building was enforced in October, 2010 in Japan. According to this act, a public building in a low layer assumes a wooden construction as a rule or positively uses wood. Moreover, it is expected that the building such as apartment houses comes to be made from wooden. However, the floor impact sound insulation performance of the wooden constructions is low compared with that of the concrete constructions. This paper presents the effect of floating floor (dry double system floor) and raised floor (free access floor) on floor impact sound insulation performance in wooden construction. A reference floor constructed with the wood-frame construction was installed in the floor opening of the reverberation chamber, and the floating floors or the raised floor were built on it. Then, the reductions of transmitted floor impact sound level of them were measured. The results showed that the density of the surface material influences the floor impact sound interception performance in the case of the floating floor. In addition, the reductions of transmitted floor impact sound level in wooden construction were compared with them in concrete construction in the case of the raised floor.

The Study on Light Floor Impact Sound Improvement by Void Slab Applied with Surface Covering Materials

The living quality of the Taiwanese citizens keeps rising; the improvement of floor impact sound has being carried out into practical project gradually. The void slab, used to be used in huge span building, is very common in housing building. From reference, the void slab represents the one of the latest architectural facilities, which focuses on the noise improvement for the living quality, by its characteristics of rigidity and lightweight. In order to select an appropriate floor covering material, the experimental investigation based on the standard ISO 140-7 and 140-8 should be carried out to experiment the performance of the bare void slab and the covering materials over the slab for discussing the possibility of material application on the void slab. Therefore, in this study, the noise insulating performance of the void slab through the field experiments in the practical condominium-type housing projects will be tested, and the floor impact sound performance of the selected sample of covering materials (teak wood and carpet) applied on the existing void slab will also be shown in this paper. The results show that the void slab presents good effective performance for heavy floor impact sound, but the void slab should be applied with covering materials to demonstrate efficient improvement toward the light floor impact sound, and the performance varies from materials. The researchers expect that the database could provide designers and constructors the reference of the floor covering materials related to the floor impact sound insulation and reduce the time and the costs issue.

벽식구조 바닥판의 중량충격음 특성 분석을 위한 축소모형의 활용

This study investigated the characteristics of heavy-weight floor impact sounds of box-frame type structure using 1:10 scale model. Ten types of floor structures(bare slabs and floating floors) were evaluated in terms of dynamic stiffness and loss factor. Floor vibrations and radiated sounds generated by simulated impact source were also measured. The results showed that the bakelite was appropriate for simulating concrete slab in the 1:10 scale model, and surface velocity and sound pressure level of concrete slab measured from the scale model showed similar tendencies with the results from in-situ in frequency domain. It was also found that dynamic behaviors of layered floor structures in the 1:10 scale model were similar to those in a real scale. Therefore, the use of 1:10 scale model would be useful for evaluating the heavy-weight floor impact sound insulation of layered floor structures when the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of each material are known.

Relation between annoyance and single-number quantities for rating heavy-weight floor impact sound insulation in wooden houses

This study investigated the relation between annoyance and single-number quantities to rate heavy-weight floor impact sound insulation. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the subjective response of annoyance resulting from heavy-weight floor impact sounds recorded in wooden houses. Stimuli had two typical spectra and their modified versions, which simulate the precise change in frequency response resulting from insulation treatments. Results of the first experiment showed that the Zwicker's percentile loudness (N(5)) was the quantity to rate most well annoyance of heavy-weight impact sound over a wide sound level range. The second experiment revealed that arithmetic average (L(iFavg,Fmax)) of octave-band sound pressure levels measured using the time constant "fast" and Zwicker's percentile loudness (N(5)) much better described annoyance by the precise change in the sound spectrum attributable to insulation treatments than Japanese standardized single-number quantities (L(i,Fmax,r), L(iA,Fmax), and L(i,Fmax,Aw)) do. Japanese standardized single-number quantities using the A-weighting curve as a rating curve were found to be excessively influenced by the 63 Hz octave-band sound level and have the great sound level-dependences in the relation with subjective ratings.

Research of Optimization Design on Floating Floor Insulation

In order to acquire a high quality of living environment, it is necessary to investigate the subjects of floor impact sound insulation. According to the characteristics of optimization design method and restricted optimization math model, the sound transmission between floor and adjacent room down through floating floor has been modeled in a finite-element method. Floating floor structure are studied to realize the design optimization when the room average sound pressures are selected as objective function. Predicted results show that when keep the whole thickness of floating floor fixed, result of dynamics optimization design can reduce room average sound pressure effectively. And when keep the whole thickness of floating floor unfixed, optimization results have been gotten on the total thickness of floor layer and resilient interlayer of the floating floor, and the average sound-pressure in room is lower than original one availably.

공동주택 바닥충격음에 대한 거주자 만족도 조사 연구

In this study, the satisfaction rating to the floor impact sound was investigated for the residents in the apartment Building where the business scheme had been approved after 2005. The results are compared with existing research. The questionnaire survey was conducted to the 597 residents in 14 apartments complex which were applied with standard floor structure and approval floor structure. Most of respondents(71.1 %) answered that the performance of floor impact sound insulation, in case of standard floor structure, was improved compared to the apartments where they used to live. Comparing with the questionnaire survey result of existing research, the answered ratio of 'less annoyed' and 'less loud' is somewhat increased.

Floor Impact Sound Insulation by Gypsum Board Ceiling

Floor Impact Sound Insulation by Gypsum Board Ceiling

Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Direct Pasted Flooring

Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Direct Pasted Flooring

RESIDENT AWARENESS AND OCCUPANCY BEHAVIOR FOR SOUND ENVIRONMENT IN MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING

We did a questionnaire for residents in multi-family housing on resident awareness, supplier's explanation and occupancy behavior concerning sound environment. We obtained 784 valid response numbers of questionnaires votes. We analyzed the questionnaire survey from various angles, As a result, we obtained the following conclution.(1) The dissatisfaction of "floor impact sound insulation performance using heavy impact source" in sound environment is still high.(2) The effect of a prior explanation by the housing supplier is not seen about the resident awareness of "Floor impact sound".(3) It is accepted to the resident to receive the restriction to the way of living multi-family housing as "Manners".

A STUDY ON PREDICTION OF HEAVY WEIGHT FLOOR IMPACT SOUND LEVEL BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

In this paper, we study the predicted floor impact sound level by finite element method. At first, we study the influence of the partition on the slab vibration in addition to the impedance characteristic of the partition.Following this, the influence on the slab vibration characteristic is shown by the construction of the partition.In addition, it is shown that the model employed in this experiment is more effective than the board unit based on the impedance characteristic of the partition.Finally, the difference between the partition groundwork specification and the space size forces the examination of the influence on the vibration characteristic and the space sound pressure.Following this, it is shown that the influence of the sound radiation of the partition is minimal in the evaluation frequency of the floor impact sound insulation.

Measurement uncertainties caused by tapping machines in floor sound insulation tests.

This paper illustrates how the parameters of the tapping machine may influence the measurement accuracy when testing the impact sound insulation of floors. The analysis connects the specifications for tapping machines given in ISO 140‐6 and ASTM E 492‐4 standards with the requirements for repeatability and reproducibility of the sound insulation measurements given in ISO 140‐2. The paper also discusses calibration and testability aspects for tapping machines and presents the method developed at Scantek for measuring the impact velocity of the hammers. The paper gives modeling equations, preliminary calculations for measurement uncertainties, and experimental results obtained at Scantek on calibrating the Norsonic tapping machine N‐211.

Psychoacoustical evaluation of floor-impact sounds from wood-framed structures

Floor-impact sounds may introduce noise problems in dwelling-type environments. In particular, floor-impact sounds from lightweight structures like wood-framed buildings should be paid significant attention. In this study, such floor-impact sounds were investigated from the viewpoint of residents. The floor specifications of wood-framed structures were improved by using high-density underlay, and heavy floor-impact sounds were evaluated by using both psychoacoustical and conventional methods. The results showed that the floor-impact sound insulation grades specified in the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) did not correspond to the floor specifications of wood-framed structures. The nonstationary loudness, which is a psychoacoustical index for nonstationary sounds, changed with the specifications of wood-framed structures in a wider range of floor-impact sound levels in comparison with the maximum A-weighted sound pressure level, which is a single-number index of the JIS.