Flat-top Waveform Research Articles

Generation of flat-top waveform in the time domain based on stimulated Brillouin scattering using medium with short phonon lifetime

AbstractA method of generating flat-top waveform in the time-domain based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) using medium with short phonon lifetime is proposed. In theory, the transmitted pulse is simulated in the case of several media with different phonon lifetime. In experiment, FC-72 and HT-270, which differ significantly in the phonon lifetime, are exploited in the experiment. Both the theoretical and experimental results indicate that, when choosing medium with short phonon lifetime, the top is almost a platform, while there is a peak in the front and a platform thereafter when choosing medium with long phonon lifetime.

Proposal and analysis of a reconfigurable pulse shaping technique based on multi-arm optical differentiators

We propose and numerically investigate an optical pulse re-shaping method based on multi-arm ultrafast optical differentiators. In this approach, the desired (arbitrary) optical pulse shape is synthesized by coherently overlapping different successive time derivatives of an input optical pulse (not necessarily a Gaussian-shape pulse), including the input pulse itself, with suitable relative weights. Time derivatives of (sub-)picosecond pulses can be obtained using first and higher-order ultrafast optical differentiators practically implemented with integrated waveguide or fiber-based linear filtering technologies. Different output pulse shapes can be generated from the same platform by properly programming the relative weights among the different pulse derivatives. The effective bandwidth of the output waveform is not necessarily limited by the input pulse bandwidth but rather it depends on the highest derivative order used for the pulse synthesis. Our results reveal that interesting transform-limited pulse shapes (including flat-top and parabolic waveforms) can be synthesized from Gaussian-like (e.g. Gaussian, sech) pulses using a simple and practical three-arm ultrafast differentiation system with amplitude-only relative weights.

Long-Period Fiber-Grating-Based Filter for Generation of Picosecond and Subpicosecond Transform-Limited Flat-Top Pulses

We suggest and demonstrate an all-fiber pulse shaper for synthesizing transform-limited flat-top waveforms. The proposed scheme can be easily scaled down to the (sub-)picosecond regime while offering low polarization dependence and extremely low insertion loss. It is based on a cascade of two long-period fiber gratings. As a proof-of-concept experiment, we report the generation of transform-limited flat-top pulses with full-width at half- maximum duration of 2 ps, which is over two times faster than the shortest transform-limited flat-top pulse ever generated with an all-fiber filter.

Generation of flat-top waveform in the time domain based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

A method of generating a flat-top waveform in the time domain based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is proposed. The transmitted pulses are simulated with pump wavelength at 1064 nm and 532 nm, respectively, and validated in the experiment performed with the Nd:YAG seed-injected laser. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical simulation. With 532 nm pump wavelength, the top of the transmitted pulse is almost a platform, while there is a peak in the front and a platform in the back with 1064 nm pump wavelength. The mechanism behind the generation of flat-top waveform with 532 nm pump wavelength is analyzed in details.

Generation of flat-top waveform by double optical limiting based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

A method of generating flat-top waveform by double optical limiting based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is proposed. The waveforms are numerically simulated by the theoretic model of double optical limiting based on SBS, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical simulations. There is a peak in the front and a platform in the back of the waveform by single optical limiting, while the top is almost a platform by double optical limiting.

An energy spread minimization system for microbeam generation in the JAERI AVF cyclotron

A heavy-ion microbeam with energy of hundreds of MeV is a significantly useful probe for research in biology and biotechnology. A single-ion hit technique using the heavy-ion microbeam is being developed at the JAERI AVF cyclotron facility for elucidation of biofunctions. For production of a microbeam with a spot size of one micro-meter in diameter, the energy spread in the beam is required to be reduced to 0.02% to minimize the effect of chromatic aberrations in the focusing lenses. The energy spread in the cyclotron beam depends on a waveform of the acceleration voltage and beam phase acceptance of the cyclotron. The typical energy spread of the cyclotron beam is around 0.1% in the ordinary acceleration mode using a sinusoidal voltage waveform. The energy spread can be reduced by superimposing a fifth-harmonic voltage waveform on the fundamental one to generate a flat-top waveform for uniform energy gain. The flat-top acceleration system has been designed for the variable-energy multi-particle AVF cyclotron with acceleration harmonic mode of 1, 2 and 3. An additional coaxial cavity has been installed to generate the fifth-harmonic voltage, coupled to the main resonator. The frequency range of the fifth harmonics, 55–110 MHz, was fully covered by the flat-top acceleration system.