Personal Training Research Articles

Development of an Education and Training Program for New Intensive Care Unit Staff: Ladders to Success

The nursing manpower shortage intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, inadequate clinical internship durations during this period led to recent nursing graduates reflecting insufficient clinical skills. These issues, coupled with the inherent complexity of work in intensive care units (ICUs), have increased stress and decreased self-confidence among new staff, leading to higher turnover rates. This study was designed to develop and then evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored ladderized training program for improving clinical care skills and self-confidence in new ICU staff. An individualized ladderized training program for new staff was developed based on the conceptual PDDRO (plan, design, do, review, outcome) framework. In addition to the program, a 3-stage critical care training regimen was implemented to strengthen technical, physical assessment and judgment, and communication and teamwork skills. A multivariate evaluation approach was employed to evaluate the level to which participants improved in terms of clinical skills and self-confidence, and a competency-related personalized training model was used to guide their progress until all of the training goals were achieved. Fifty new staff members completed the 3-stage critical care training program. In terms of program effectiveness, mean scores increased from 79.3 (pretest) to 92.3 (posttest) for awareness and 1.69 to 2.53 for work competency self-confidence. These increases were significant, and indicated the participants had collectively improved from "some self-confidence" to "a lot of self-confidence". Moreover, the retention rate of new staff increased from 75% before the intervention to 84% afterward. Interviews with the participants found the program had improved their mastery of clinical care skills and confidence in their future ability to perform care tasks. Advance implementation of ladderized training can facilitate the establishment of a new nursing staff training system in hospitals to improve the post-pandemic recovery and reconstruction of nursing manpower systems in Taiwan. This program may serve as a successful model for training new staff and retaining human resources as part of the ongoing effort to promote a stable and high-quality workplace environment for nurses.

Gradient Inversion Attacks: Impact Factors Analyses and Privacy Enhancement.

Gradient inversion attacks (GIAs) have posed significant challenges to the emerging paradigm of distributed learning, which aims to reconstruct the private training data of clients (participating parties in distributed training) through the shared parameters. For counteracting GIAs, a large number of privacy-preserving methods for distributed learning scenario have emerged. However, these methods have significant limitations, either compromising the usability of global model or consuming substantial additional computational resources. Furthermore, despite the extensive efforts dedicated to defense methods, the underlying causes of data leakage in distributed learning still have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this paper tries to reveal the potential reasons behind the successful implementation of existing GIAs, explore variations in the robustness of models against GIAs during the training process, and investigate the impact of different model structures on attack performance. After these explorations and analyses, this paper propose a plug-and-play GIAs defense method, which augments the training data by a designed vicinal distribution. Sufficient empirical experiments demonstrate that this easy-to-implement method can ensure the basic level of privacy without compromising the usability of global model.

The Relationship between Service Quality Perceived by Users of Personal Training Senters, Conversion Barriers and Customer Satisfaction

The Relationship between Service Quality Perceived by Users of Personal Training Senters, Conversion Barriers and Customer Satisfaction

The impact of neoliberalist government reform and regulatory oversight on private training providers in the UK technical education sector

PurposeAdopting the lens of ambidexterity, this paper examines decision-making within private technical education providers as they attempt to meet workforce and UK government training demands against a backdrop of unprecedented pace of global change in technology.Design/methodology/approachQualitative data, drawn from semi-structured interviews of participants within a private training provider, was analysed thematically to investigate common patterns, clarify understanding and identify development areas to inform government bodies and private provider apprenticeship delivery practices.FindingsThe findings reveal the extent to which neoliberalism is potentially undermining technical education reform and increasing regulation whilst decreasing trust and reducing authentic partnerships between key stakeholders, together negatively impacting ambidextrous decision-making.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited by the use of a monolingual, monocultural sample; therefore, a broader cross-section of respondents from a wider range, size and geographical location of training providers may result in a deeper understanding of the varying tensions and challenges associated with technical education reform.Practical implicationsThis work seeks to inform policymakers of the wider consequences of neoliberalism and provide recommendations for government bodies and technical training providers to work collaboratively in seeking solutions to the barriers in delivering vocational training fit for a future-proof workforce.Originality/valueThis paper builds on a limited body of research examining the dual impact of once in a lifetime technological challenges and the consequence of neoliberalism upon ambidextrous decision-making within private providers of post-16 technical education.

A Review of Gait Coordination Control Methods for Lower Limb Exoskeleton Robots Based on Visual Models

The ongoing evolution of exoskeleton technology has rendered the exclusive reliance on a single vision technology an impractical approach to addressing the complexities of diverse environments and individual requirements. This paper therefore explores the potential of combining traditional visual models with movement intention prediction based on surface electromyography (sEMG) and virtual reality (VR) technology in the context of gait control. The study concluded that traditional visual models are capable of providing accurate environmental perception and gait planning; however, they are deficient in forecasting user intentions. Surface electromyography (sEMG) technology can supplement this deficiency with muscle activity signals, enabling the system to respond dynamically to user needs. Concurrently, virtual reality (VR) technology furnishes users with a more personalized training program through immersive environmental simulation and feedback. The combination of these three technologies not only enhances the system's real-time responsiveness but also exhibits commendable adaptability in complex terrain and rehabilitation training. This paper examines the three fundamental technologies of lower limb exoskeleton robots in gait control and their fusion applications, with the objective of enhancing the system's intelligence and adaptability, providing a direction for the future development of lower limb exoskeleton technology, and highlighting the challenges and potential of multimodal data fusion and computational optimisation.

Research on the promotion effect of personalized training program based on biomechanics on the physical health of college students

Biomechanics-based personalized training programs can significantly improve physical health among college students, but there is limited evidence on how these programs affect spinal twist stretch function and overall health, despite previous research demonstrating the potential benefits of such programs. In this study, the influence of a biomechanics-based personalized training program investigates the physical health of a college student population. This study involved 68 college students, divided into two groups: 34 participants undergoing a personalized biomechanics-based training program (Group A) and 34 participants following a standard exercise regimen (Group B). The training program included exercises designed to enhance spinal twist stretch activation and stability. The participants’ core muscle activation was recorded through EMG from rhomboids, latissimus dorsi, and external obliques, while kinematic data were obtained from a three-dimensional motion analysis system. The assessments were done pre and post-8-week structured nutrition and physical activity modification period. These data are stimulated using SPSS, to compare pre and post-test measurements within each group and to determine the differences between spinal twist stretch and global physical health gains using paired t-tests, analyze of variance (ANOVA) descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis. The result demonstrated that Group A significantly improved spinal twists, stretch, and physical health among college students. Exercises targeting specific biomechanical principles exhibited more pronounced spinal twist stretch activation. The program improved trunk stability and movement accuracy, with a moderate correlation between muscle activation and overall physical health improvements. This approach improved core stability and muscle function but also led to better overall health outcomes compared to standard exercise regimens.

A peer teaching module for medical residents on critical appraisal of medical articles: context and pilot testing

BackgroundThe ability of healthcare providers to access and use published research correctly is crucial for the quality of healthcare services, enabling selection of the most effective treatment modalities, and avoidance of medical errors. Physicians need strong critical appraisal (CA) skills to manage rapidly evolving medical knowledge.MethodsA standard peer-teaching module was prepared for medical residents on CA. The module included topic-specific educational materials, discussion articles, and question sets and was pilot-tested among medical residents, allowing for revisions based on participants’ feedback. Training module was prepared by a senior epidemiologist and a community medicine (public health) resident, based on the context of a similar graduate course; the resident underwent four months of personal training preceding the pilot testing, which was conducted as a 12-week program in September-November 2023, supervised by experts. Online training extended our reach to resident working nationwide. Recruitment was enabled via social media and various medical specialty organizations. Evaluations included initial, session-specific, and final tests for measuring progress in knowledge on CA, based on participants’ self-assessments, and external auditors’ scoring of the process.ResultsA total of 52 residents from 19 universities and nine specialty programs participated in pilot testing. Of these, 48 completed the program through the post-test, with 83% (n = 40) scoring above 65%, received a certificate of achievement. Median scores showed a 32% increase in knowledge, a 75% increase in confidence in CA skills, and a 50% decrease in stress-related to CA practice. Additionally, 82.5% (n = 33) of those who completed the module expressed interest in offering similar training sessions to their local peers.ConclusionThe online peer teaching of the CA module successfully increased participants’ knowledge and self-confidence in critical appraisal.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Science communicators, flat-eathers, or fitness coaches: who is citing scientific publications in youtube video descriptions?

Science communicators, flat-eathers, or fitness coaches: who is citing scientific publications in youtube video descriptions?

Diagnostic Accuracy and Safety of Endoscopic – Guided Office-Based Biopsies for Laryngeal and Pharyngeal Lesions at St. Luke’s Medical Center

Objective: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and safety of endoscopic guided office-based biopsies (OBB) in diagnosing laryngeal and pharyngeal neoplasms at the St. Luke’s Medical Center in Quezon City and Global City. Methods:Design: Diagnostic Accuracy StudySetting: Two Tertiary Private Training HospitalsParticipants: Records of patients with pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions who underwent endoscopic-guided OBB were included in the study describing safety. Only patients with subsequent operative biopsies were included in assessing diagnostic accuracy. Results: Thirty-six (36) patients were included: 28 (77.78%) males and 8 (22.22%) females, with median age of 61.5 (IQR 52-73 years). Nearly half (16/36; 44.44%) of the office-based biopsies yielded malignant histopathology results, 19.44% had high grade dysplasia while 36.11% had benign findings. Of 10 patients with operative biopsy for definitive diagnosis, 8 were correctly diagnosed with carcinoma while one had a change in diagnosis from benign to malignant. Office based biopsy was well tolerated and had no complications reported. Overall, the sensitivity of OBB in predicting malignancy was 88.89%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value was 100%, and negative predictive value was 50%. Conclusion: Office-based biopsy is an accurate, reliable and safe modality for screening suspicious pharyngeal and laryngeal neoplasms, and may be part of routine screening during initial endoscopy among selected patients with suspicious pharyngeal and laryngeal neoplasms. Further investigation and larger population studies may provide more robust insights on effectiveness and safety of office-based biopsy in diagnosis of pharyngeal and laryngeal neoplasms.

Federated Learning: A Comparative Study of Defenses Against Poisoning Attacks

Federated learning is a new paradigm where multiple data owners, referred to as clients, work together with a global server to train a shared machine learning model without disclosing their personal training data. Despite its many advantages, the system is vulnerable to client compromise by malicious agents attempting to modify the global model. Several defense algorithms against untargeted and targeted poisoning attacks on model updates in federated learning have been proposed and evaluated separately. This paper compares the performances of six state-of-the art defense algorithms—PCA + K-Means, KPCA + K-Means, CONTRA, KRUM, COOMED, and RPCA + PCA + K-Means. We explore a variety of situations not considered in the original papers. These include varying the percentage of Independent and Identically Distributed (IID) data, the number of clients, and the percentage of malicious clients. This comprehensive performance study provides the results that the users can use to select appropriate defense algorithms to employ based on the characteristics of their federated learning systems.

Toward Improving Human Training by Combining Wearable Full-Body IoT Sensors and Machine Learning.

This paper proposes DigitalUpSkilling, a novel IoT- and AI-based framework for improving and personalising the training of workers who are involved in physical-labour-intensive jobs. DigitalUpSkilling uses wearable IoT sensors to observe how individuals perform work activities. Such sensor observations are continuously processed to synthesise an avatar-like kinematic model for each worker who is being trained, referred to as the worker's digital twins. The framework incorporates novel work activity recognition using generative adversarial network (GAN) and machine learning (ML) models for recognising the types and sequences of work activities by analysing an individual's kinematic model. Finally, the development of skill proficiency ML is proposed to evaluate each trainee's proficiency in work activities and the overall task. To illustrate DigitalUpSkilling from wearable IoT-sensor-driven kinematic models to GAN-ML models for work activity recognition and skill proficiency assessment, the paper presents a comprehensive study on how specific meat processing activities in a real-world work environment can be recognised and assessed. In the study, DigitalUpSkilling achieved 99% accuracy in recognising specific work activities performed by meat workers. The study also presents an evaluation of the proficiency of workers by comparing kinematic data from trainees performing work activities. The proposed DigitalUpSkilling framework lays the foundation for next-generation digital personalised training.

Privacy preserving large language models: ChatGPT case study based vision and framework

AbstractThe generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools based on Large Language Models (LLMs) use billions of parameters to extensively analyse large datasets and extract critical information such as context, specific details, identifying information, use this information in the training process, and generate responses for the requested queries. The extracted data also contain sensitive information, seriously threatening user privacy and reluctance to use such tools. This article proposes the conceptual model called PrivChatGPT, a privacy‐preserving model for LLMs consisting of two main components, that is, preserving user privacy during the data curation/pre‐processing and preserving private context and the private training process for large‐scale data. To demonstrate the applicability of PrivChatGPT, it is shown how a private mechanism could be integrated into the existing model for training LLMs to protect user privacy; specifically, differential privacy and private training using Reinforcement Learning (RL) were employed. The privacy level probabilities are associated with the document contents, including the private contextual information, and with metadata, which is used to evaluate the disclosure probability loss for an individual's private information. The privacy loss is measured and the measure of uncertainty or randomness is evaluated using entropy once differential privacy is applied. It recursively evaluates the level of privacy guarantees and the uncertainty of public databases and resources during each update when new information is added for training purposes. To critically evaluate the use of differential privacy for private LLMs, other mechanisms were hypothetically compared such as Blockchain, private information retrieval, randomisation, obfuscation, anonymisation, and the use of Tor for various performance measures such as the model performance and accuracy, computational complexity, privacy vs. utility, training latency, vulnerability to attacks, and resource consumption. It is concluded that differential privacy, randomisation, and obfuscation can impact the training models' utility and performance; conversely, using Tor, Blockchain, and Private Information Retrieval (PIR) may introduce additional computational complexity and high training latency. It is believed that the proposed model could be used as a benchmark for privacy‐preserving LLMs for generative AI tools.

BN SO55 - Rare case of Ectopic pancreatitis in stomach and its Surgical Management

Abstract Background This presentation covers the case of Mr. D, a 38-year-old male who presented with upper abdominal pain and vomiting, initially treated as gastritis but later developing more complex symptoms. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges and management of ectopic pancreatitis, a rare condition characterized by pancreatic tissue located outside its usual anatomical position.Mr. D, a personal trainer with a history of asthma and Meckel's diverticulum excision, experienced recurring epigastric pain, bloating, and early satiety. His pain was particularly related to eating, fasting and often disrupted his sleep. Despite treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), his symptoms persisted, prompting further investigation Method Initial investigations including ultrasound, chest X-ray, and ECG showed no significant abnormalities. However, subsequent gastroscopy and CT scans suggested a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), leading to referral for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and biopsy. The findings indicated a highly vascular, mixed echogenic lesion in the submucosa, likely a GIST, but initial biopsies were inconclusive Results Following conservative treatment, Mr. D's inflammation significantly reduced, though he experienced recurrent pain necessitating surgical intervention. Diagnostic laparoscopy and gastroscopy revealed extensive adhesions and an inflammatory mass. The patient underwent a pyloric-preserving sleeve gastrectomy, with histology confirming pancreatic heterotopia with inflammation and cystic degeneration. Post-operatively, Mr. D initially struggled with dietary intake but improved over time, tolerating a solid diet by the last follow-up. Conclusion This case underscores the complexity of diagnosing and managing rare conditions like ectopic pancreatitis. It highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and the potential need for surgical intervention when conservative management fails. The presentation aims to provide valuable insights into the diagnostic process, the role of MDT discussions, and the therapeutic challenges associated with ectopic pancreatitis.

Training Load and Injuries in Volleyball: An Approach Based on Different Methods of Calculating Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio.

Many questions persist regarding the relationship between training load and injuries in volleyball, as well as the best method for calculating acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between different metrics of training load and risk of injury in male professional volleyball players. ACWR, as a training load measure, is useful for identifying injury risk in volleyball players, regardless of calculation method. Longitudinal, prospective, and observational design conducted over 3 seasons of professional male volleyball. Level 3. The study included 43 male volleyball players. Internal training load was quantified using the Session Rating of Perceived Exertion. From daily training load values, absolute measures and relative measures were computed. For relative measures, 7 days were employed for acute training load, and 21 and 28 days for chronic training load. A distinction was made between coupled calculation and uncoupled calculation. Injuries were documented using the Injury Surveillance Form proposed by the International Volleyball Federation. ACWR calculated in a coupled manner and by a rolling average demonstrated higher injury risks when analyzing the complete periods (odds ratio [OR] ACWR 7:28 = 2.040; ACWR 7:21 = 1.980) and competitive period (OR ACWR 7:28 = 2.044; ACWR 7:21 = 2.087). In contrast, during the preseason, the coupled exponential averages were more sensitive to the risk of injury (OR ACWR 7:28 = 4.370; ACWR 7.504). Both measures using rolling averages and those calculated from exponential averages can be employed to identify the risk of injuries in volleyball athletes. The findings of this study can be useful to coaching staff, fitness trainers, and healthcare professionals involved in the challenge of reducing the risk of injury in volleyball athletes. The need for continuous monitoring and real-time adjustments of training load is emphasized.

Nurses' models of spiritual care: Predictors of spiritual care competence.

Previous studies have shown that nurses' spiritual care competence is related to characteristics of personal spirituality, training adequacy, and comfort, confidence, and frequency of provision of spiritual care. However, these studies assumed that all participants understood spiritual care in the same way, and used self-ratings of spiritual care competence, which are problematic. Our previous study found that spiritual care was understood in 4 qualitatively different ways that can be arranged in order of competence. This study aimed to re-examine the relationships between nurse characteristics and spiritual care competence, using spiritual care understanding as a proxy for competence. Data was collected from a convenience sample of nurses who completed an anonymous, online survey. The survey provided qualitative data about what spiritual care means for them. The survey also provided quantitative data regarding nurse characteristics. This study created sub-groups of nurses based on their understanding of spiritual care, and used the quantitative data to construct a profile of nurse characteristics for each sub-group. Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests determined whether nurse characteristics differed across the 4 sub-groups. Spiritual care competence was not related to confidence or comfort in providing spiritual care. Relationships with spirituality, training adequacy, and frequency of provision of spiritual care were not linear; i.e., higher competence did not always correspond with higher scores of these characteristics. The results raise concerns about the construct validity of using comfort and confidence as estimates of spiritual care competence. That the relationships between competence and spirituality, training adequacy, and frequency of spiritual care provision was not as linear as portrayed in extant literature, suggests that outcomes of training may depend on the type of spiritual care understanding subscribed to by training participants. The findings offer insights about how nurses could achieve high levels of spiritual care performance.

Delivery of Supported Self-Management in Primary Care Asthma Reviews: Insights From the IMP2ART Programme.

Supported self-management (SSM) for asthma reduces the risk of asthma attacks and improves asthma control and quality of life. SSM optimally includes patient-centred communication and behaviour change support, however, the extent to which this occurs in routine primary care is unclear. This project was nested within the IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMP2ART) programme; a UK-wide trial evaluating an implementation strategy (including healthcare professional (HCP) training on behaviour change strategies and patient-centred care) to improve support for asthma self-management. To provide an understanding of how healthcare professionals deliver SSM in UK clinical practice; through assessing time spent on SSM strategies, how and to what extent patient-centred care and behaviour change discussions are delivered, and to explore whether factors such as mode of review or implementation support influence delivery. We conducted an observational study using video-recordings of 12 HCPs delivering routine face-to-face and telephone asthma reviews (n = 64) in a sample of general practices participating in the IMP2ART trial (implementation n = 4; control n = 6). Analytical methods included: ALFA Toolkit Multi-Channel Video Observation (to code and quantify tasks undertaken); the Patient-Centred Observation Form; and The Behaviour Change Counselling Index (to assess patient-centeredness and behaviour change counselling used by HCPs). HCPs mostly spent time during routine asthma reviews discussing: an individual's asthma condition and management (average of 27.8% of consultation time); collaboratively reviewing and completing a personalised asthma action plan (6.3%) and training for practical self-management activities (5.4%). Areas of patient-centred care delivery and behavioural discussions included: creating and maintaining relationships, discussing asthma action plans and medication reconciliation. Professionals in IMP2ART implementation group practices delivered more SSM strategies. Comparison of face-to-face and remote consultations found no significant differences in HCP delivery of SSM. HCPs in UK primary care spent half the time in both face-to-face and remote asthma reviews delivering components of SSM suggesting that either mode of delivery may be acceptable. Reviews carried out in IMP2ART implementation group practices demonstrated more behaviour change and collaborative SSM strategies compared to those in the control group. Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research (AUKCAR) PPI members were involved throughout, including project conception, providing feedback on participant-facing documents, and discussing implications of study findings.

From Theory to Practice: Virtual Reality Technology Facilitates Efficient Transformation of Preschool Teacher Education

This paper explores the application of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in the efficient transformation of preschool teacher education, from theory to practice. The research background highlights the importance of preschool education, the crucial role of teacher training in enhancing its quality, and the potential of VR technology in education. The study aims to investigate how VR technology can facilitate the efficient transformation of preschool teacher education, analyze its specific applications and effects, and propose strategies and recommendations for teacher training based on VR technology. The literature review summarizes current research on VR technology in education, progress in preschool teacher training models, and preliminary explorations of VR in teacher training. The theoretical foundation is based on learning theories such as constructivism and situational learning, technology acceptance and use theory, and theories of educational innovation and technology integration. An analysis of the current situation in preschool teacher training reveals limitations in traditional models, such as the disconnection between theory and practice, the lack of immersive learning experiences, and inadequate personalized training. The paper then discusses the advantages of VR technology, including immersive learning, flexible teaching scenarios, and personalized learning paths. The conclusion summarizes the value of VR technology in preschool teacher training, successful experiences, and existing problems, and provides future directions for the deep integration of technology and education, continuous innovation in teacher training models, and implications for educational policy and practice.

MolE: a foundation model for molecular graphs using disentangled attention

Models that accurately predict properties based on chemical structure are valuable tools in the chemical sciences. However, for many properties, public and private training sets are typically small, making it difficult for models to generalize well outside of the training data. Recently, this lack of generalization has been mitigated by using self-supervised pretraining on large unlabeled datasets, followed by finetuning on smaller, labeled datasets. Inspired by these advances, we report MolE, a Transformer architecture adapted for molecular graphs together with a two-step pretraining strategy. The first step of pretraining is a self-supervised approach focused on learning chemical structures trained on ~842 million molecular graphs, and the second step is a massive multi-task approach to learn biological information. We show that finetuning models that were pretrained in this way perform better than the best published results on 10 of the 22 ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) tasks included in the Therapeutic Data Commons leaderboard (c. September 2023).

Comparative analysis of fitness coach training systems

The purpose of this study was to identify and study the most effective practices used in coach training systems in various countries of the world. The following methods of scientific cognition were used: comparative analysis, systematic method, and classification. As a result of the conducted research, an in-depth analysis of fitness coach training systems in the United States of America, Norway, Spain, and Kazakhstan was carried out. It was determined that in the American fitness coach training system, a distinctive feature is a high diversity of educational programmes, which is supported by the standardisation of qualifications. In the context of the Norwegian training system, an emphasis was placed on maintaining and developing the principles of health and activity, and on the professional ethics of specialists, including psychological training and interaction with clients. Consideration of the Spanish approach demonstrated the importance of aesthetics and diversity of physical activity for local educational programmes. The specific features of training fitness coaches in Spain also include issues of motivation and psychological training of future specialists. In Kazakhstan, a combination of conventional and innovative methods in the training of fitness coaches has been revealed, which consists in studying the pedagogical approach and introducing the latest trends in fitness. A detailed examination of the above systems helped to identify key differences in approaches to ethics and responsibility of coaches. Based on the analysis, a universal approach to training fitness coaches based on best practices was developed and described.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLYMORPHISM 1357 G → A OF THE CNTF GENE AND GLY482SER OF THE PPARGC1A GENE WITH MUSCLE STRENGTH

Muscle strength is the process of energy synthesis during certain tasks in muscle fibers. In modern sports and sports medicine, exploring methods to enhance muscle strength through targeted exercises and training programs is a key area of focus. While many athletes can achieve the physical conditioning necessary for competitive performance, the role of genetics in sports has gained attention as it offers insights for optimizing training strategies and enhancing performance based on individual genetic profiles. Among the well-researched genes in muscle strength studies are the ciliary neurotrophic factor gene (CNTF) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha gene (PPARGC1A). This study investigates the relationship between polymorphisms in these genes and the function of motor units in muscle fibers. The aim of the study is to analyze and explain the mechanisms by which polymorphisms in the CNTF and PPARGC1A genes influence muscle strength. Materials and Methods. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature review was conducted using relevant keywords across leading scientometric databases. Results and Discussion. This article explores the relationship between genetic variants of the CNTF and PPARGC1A genes and muscle strength in adults. Specifically, it examines the impact of the CNTF 1357 G→A and PPARGC1A Gly482Ser polymorphisms on muscle strength gains in response to strength training. The study results indicate that these genetic variations significantly affect individual differences in response to exercise. Notable fluctuations in strength gains and changes in maximal voluntary contraction were observed. The data underscore the need for further research to deepen our understanding of how the CNTF and PPARGC1A genes influence muscle adaptation to training, as well as to assess their roles across different populations and training conditions. It has been found out that the AA genotype of the 1357 G→A variation leads to a functionally inactive neurotrophic factor protein, thereby significantly diminishing its myotrophic effect on skeletal muscles. Regarding the Gly482Ser polymorphism, homozygosity for the T allele is associated with reduced skeletal muscle metabolism and decreased oxidative activity. Conclusions. The results obtained can be applied for developing personalized training programs and improving practice of sports medicine and rehabilitation, thus facilitating the more effective achievement of individual fitness and health goals.