The author of the article addresses the issue of the role and significance of philosophy in the educational space of a present-day technical university and college. Analysing the primary and final survey of college students and cadets/students of BFFSA and KSTU, the author makes relevant conclusions related to the students' requests regarding philosophy and its role in the educational process, preferred methods of study, most interesting topics.

Updated and expanded analysis of fuel tax concessions for the commercial fishing fleet of the United Kingdom

A comparative sustainability performance assessment of the fishing fleet segments: The case of the Greek fishing sector

Spatial segregation in at-sea distribution is frequently observed in seabirds and can have important implications for conservation and management. Globally, many albatross and petrel populations are declining due to bycatch in fisheries. In South Georgia, the decrease in wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) differs among breeding sites, which could reflect segregation in foraging areas, leading to differing degrees of overlap with particular fishing fleets and hence unequal bycatch risk. We investigated whether spatial segregation could explain the different rates of population decline of wandering albatrosses at South Georgia. We tracked wandering albatrosses from 2 breeding sites at South Georgia, Prion Island, and Bird Island, located 50km apart. We investigated potential causes of spatial segregation with species distribution models and by comparing wind conditions among sites. Overlap with fisheries was quantified for each population. Although overall distributions were from the Antarctic to the subtropics, virtually all wandering albatrosses from Bird Island foraged only to the west of the island group, whereas those from Prion Island foraged to the east and west. Preferred habitat characteristics were similar at both colonies, and waters to the east and west provided foraging habitat. Wind conditions when birds departed were also similar at the 2 sites. Because neither habitat specialization nor wind conditions appeared to be factors in the observed spatial segregation among colonies, this segregation likely reflected a combination of past experience, information exchange, and cultural evolution. Breeding birds from both sites overlapped most with Chinese squid jiggers, Argentinian trawlers, and South Korean set (demersal) longliners, but the spatial segregation led to a higher overlap with demersal longline, demersal trawl, and pelagic longline fisheries by wandering albatrosses at Bird Island, which could have resulted in the faster population decline. Ours is one of the first studies to demonstrate how spatial segregation may affect population dynamics, which has important implications for the conservation of this globally threatened species.

The growing presence of Distant Water Fishing (DWF) fleets has intensified competition for marine resources, particularly where domestic fisheries operate under weak governance. This study examines the interaction between DWF and domestic fleets in the Central Southwestern Atlantic Ocean using 15 years (2001–2016) of tuna fishery data from the Sea Around Us database. Key findings show that DWF fleets are more efficient, with higher catch per unit of effort (CPUE), and have increasingly encroached into the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) and even the Territorial Seas of coastal nations, traditionally reserved for small-scale fishers. From 2012 to 2016, domestic fleets consistently showed lower fishing effort and received lower tuna prices than DWF fleets. The growing presence of DWF nearshore pressures domestic fleets to seek subsidies to remain viable. The study underscores the need for stronger national and global regulatory frameworks to protect developing nations’ fisheries and ensure equitable, sustainable ocean resource use.

The author of the article addresses the issue of the role and significance of philosophy in the educational space of a present-day technical university and college. Analysing the primary and final survey of college students and cadets/students of BFFSA and KSTU, the author makes relevant conclusions related to the students' requests regarding philosophy and its role in the educational process, preferred methods of study, most interesting topics.

Developing a sustainable fishing fleet structure considering Japan’s shipbuilding capacity

Due to the sanctions policy of the United States and EU countries, domestic fishing companies were forced to abandon the previously prevailing business conditions. Currently, companies are focusing on the domestic coast and onshore infrastructure enterprises that support their maritime activities.The effective functioning of the fishing fleet, according to the authors, depends on the availability of attractive business conditions within the framework of domestic coastal infrastructure enterprises, which include ship repair companies.Various scientific approaches, such as systematic, integrated, situational, and targeted, were used to conduct qualitative research. The article summarizes the opinions of experts on the prospects for the development of ship repair in the coastal regions of the Arctic zone of Russia using the example of the Murmansk region.

Abstract For most of the past few decades, landings in the American lobster (Homarus americanus) fishery in Maine have been increasing, but a recent downturn in catch suggests the fishery may be at an inflection point. Drawing on multiple datasets associated with the fishery, we use this period of transition to review fleet dynamics in the fishery by analyzing how fishing effort has changed through time (2008–2022). When possible, age, gender, geography, and scale of fishing operation are considered to delimit intra-fleet differences. The results of this review reveal large-scale changes in intra-fleet dynamics that help to explain how there has been the appearance of fleet-wide stability for most of the 15-year study period despite mounting socioeconomic and environmental stressors. Changes in intra-fleet dynamics are most evident across geography and scale of fishing operation. In addition, this study finds that prior research has overestimated a key metric of fishing effort in the Maine lobster fishery by an order of magnitude. This latter insight bears significance because the lobster industry is under mounting pressure to reduce risk of gear interactions with large marine mammals, and future management decisions will likely hinge on estimates about fishing effort and the probability of marine mammal interactions. Continued efforts to understand fishing fleet dynamics and how they differ among segments of the fishery are vital to making well-informed policy decisions in the face of change, including the iconic Maine lobster fishery.

Abstract Coastal fisheries in Germany are undergoing significant structural changes. Key challenges include the declining productivity of commercially important fish and shellfish stocks, the loss of traditional fishing grounds, a dwindling interest of the younger generation to become fishers, high fuel prices, and an aging fishing fleet. In this context, a workshop was convened to develop a future vision for German coastal fisheries. This study builds upon the findings of the “Future Workshop Coastal Fisheries 2024,” where nine core elements were discussed by participants: diversification strategies for fishers, fishers’ training, technological advancements, fisheries management, fleet capacity, recreational fisheries, aquaculture, marine protected areas, and offshore wind farms. Our interdisciplinary team of authors described these elements in light of current knowledge, critically examined their implications, and explored potential implementation strategies. Three perspectives were then identified: the resource user perspective, the marine resource management perspective, and the spatial dimension. Our findings underline the necessity of an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approach of integrating fisheries into a multi-use concept of marine space in the future. This research contributes to the fields’ future research, while offering foundational knowledge about the present state of research on specific aspects of German fisheries. This study also provides valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders in other EU countries undergoing fisheries transformations.

Small‐scale fisheries often lack historical shark and ray catch information, hampering their management. We reconstructed historical catch trends and current fishing pressure by combining local ecological knowledge, satellite‐based vessel counts, and a short‐term landing‐site survey. To test the effectiveness of this method, we focused on the Bijagós Archipelago (Guinea‐Bissau, West Africa), where historical fisheries data are lacking. Benthic rays (stingrays [Dasyatidae] and butterfly rays [Gymnura spp.]), benthopelagic rays (duckbill eagle rays [Aetomylaeus bovinus] and cownose rays [Rhinoptera marginata]), guitarfish (Glaucostegus and Rhinobatos spp.), requiem sharks (Carcharhinidae), and hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna spp.) declined in abundance by 81.5–96.7% (species dependent) from 1960 to 2020. Fishing effort increased annually: fishing trip duration by 42.0% (SE 3.4), numbers of fishing vessels at sea as perceived by fishers by 36.3% (1.0) (1960–2020), and number of vessels by 12.0% (1.1) (2007–2022). We estimated that in 2020, fishing vessels collectively captured 61–264 sharks and 522–2194 rays per day in the archipelago, depending on the proportion of the fishing fleet that was active (i.e., low fleet activity of 18% and high fleet activity of 80%). We advocate for reducing shark and ray catches by regulating fleet size, reinforcing boundaries of protected areas, and collecting fisher‐dependent information on shark and ray landings to safeguard these vulnerable species and coastal livelihoods. We demonstrated the effectiveness of using this 3‐pronged approach to provide baseline data on shark fisheries, a common challenge in areas with small‐scale fisheries and limited research capacity.

The Amazon continental shelf (ACS) is considered to be Brazil's largest fishing ground, widely exploited by industrial fishing fleets. As a result, a high number of marine species are collected as bycatch fauna and subsequently discarded due to their lack of commercial value. In this scenario, one of the main bycatch groups is crustaceans, which are directly impacted by these actions, however, their diversity is poorly known in the northern region of Brazil. Therefore, herein, we report the northernmost observation of the swimming crab Portunus sayi (Gibbes, 1850) from Brazilian waters, associated with the Great Amazon Reef System (GARS). Additionally, we provide the description of the first gonopod (G1), carapace margin detail and original color. Three individuals of P. sayi (1 male and 2 females) were collected as bycatch of the southern red snapper fishery Lutjanus purpureus (Poey, 1866) using a fish trap called “manzuá”, performed in areas above the GARS, at depths up to 70 m, in the continental shelf of the state of Amapá. The record of this species for northern Brazil increases the biodiversity of crustaceans in the region and indicates the ecological importance of the GARS as a diversity hotspot on the Amazon continental shelf area.

Data sharing in the fisheries: Exploring the willingness to share data in the Norwegian fishing fleet

ABSTRACTSustainable commercial fishing makes valuable contributions to coastal regions and broader national benefits. This paper offers three arguments in relation to what is required for the societal benefits of sustainable fisheries to be fully realised and considers each in the context of the UK but with global relevance. First, there is a need to raise the profile of the full range of benefits that are delivered through sustainable fisheries to coastal communities and the broader public. In the UK, the delivery of a ‘national benefit’ objective through fisheries is now enshrined in law by the Fisheries Act, 2020; we operationalise this through a new framing that distils eight ‘national benefits’ that all sustainable fisheries should deliver. Second, better acknowledgement of what society gains from sustainable fisheries must be paralleled with recognition of what society is simultaneously at risk of losing through the decline of the fishing fleet. We detail this decline in a new analysis of long‐term UK data, which highlights that the decline is unequally felt, with some regions of the UK, and small‐scale fishing sectors, experiencing loss more acutely. This reality leads us to argue a third point, that if society is to retain and truly harness the benefits that flow from sustainable fisheries, governing bodies must act quickly to ensure that fisheries are environmentally sustainable, diverse and inclusive, pursuing fisheries that ‘leave no one behind’.

ABSTRACT The EU's common fisheries policy (CFP) has successfully reduced the size of the fishing fleet and the amount and type of fish landed. However, these interventions have had significant social consequences for fishers and their communities that are often overlooked. This article focuses on how social dynamics within fishing communities are shaped by the EU CFP, with a particular focus on the longstanding and well-known fishing town of North Shields in the UK. Ethnographic field research conducted between 2017 and 2020 reveals a significant exodus of fishers from the industry, with the remaining individuals experiencing dramatic changes in their lives. Their social relationships, identity, sense of place, and even the fabric of the town itself were profoundly affected. The findings will contribute to the development of more socially inclusive interventions and policy-making in the fisheries sector.

ABSTRACTChina is the home of the world's largest distant water fishing (DWF) fleet. Narratives of its expansion portray China as a voracious consumer of ocean resources, as a serial abuser of labour and as aggressively expanding into developing country waters in an ‘extractivist’ drive that destroys small scale fishers' livelihoods. Yet, what does taking a historical and relational view tell us about China's activities vis‐à‐vis other DWF nations? Is the relationship with coastal states an example of ‘neocolonialism’ or, as the Chinese party‐state insists, ‘mutual benefit’? And should one read China's DWF fleet as a tool of ‘grand strategy’ directed from Beijing or as rational profit‐seeking individual firms, opportunistically driven into new frontiers by the exhaustion of domestic resources? This article seeks to navigate these binaries to argue that China's DWF fleet is the most recent example in a long history of pelagic imperialism by advanced capitalist fishing interests, where fish are a raw material in a wider generative industrial strategy and fishing activity is a tool in geopolitics. It is argued that China's DWF fleet is best understood as a relatively coherent cluster of capitals‐in‐competition, set in a mosaic of variegated state‐capital relations, in tension at different relational scales. The article also offers suggestions for future research on DWF industries.

The analysis of the influence of actual external and internal economic factors on the work of the fishing industry in general and in the Arctic zone in particular shows the stability and ability of the Russian fishery complex to fulfil the tasks of implementing the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation and other strategic regulatory documents. Timely work of the state legislative bodies in decision-making at all levels of management in the current situation is noted. Key economic factors (export and import, supply and demand, shipbuilding and ship repair, logistics, etc.) that have direct and indirect impact after the in-troduction of sanctions are considered. The paper analyses the key performance indicators of the Russian fishery complex, provides an analytical review of the demand for fresh-frozen fish in the North-West re-gion, the relationship between the population’s income and the consumption of fish and fish products in the country. The primary role of scientific support of the fishing industry in the successful realization of the general goals and achievement of the set tasks is emphasized. An assumption about opening of new logistic routes and expansion of geography of fish and fish products supplies to African and Latin American countries, countries of Asia-Pacific region is made on the basis of assessment of modern international relations. It is determined that the construction and repair of the fishing fleet in modern conditions is of concern to the state structures and fishing business community. The measures of state support of shipbuilding plants of the country are considered, the proposal on creation of ship repair cluster in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is substantiated.

Abstract The ability to pinpoint fishing activity in the world’s oceans has greatly improved over the past decades, a period in which both satellite-based vessel monitoring systems (VMS) and automatic identification systems (AIS) were introduced for fisheries control and maritime safety purposes, respectively. These data have been used extensively for fisheries research and have brought new insights into the spatial and temporal activities of many different fishing fleets. More recently, data products from Global Fishing Watch (GFW), derived from AIS data analyses, have boosted research. This is because GFW data resulting in identified fishing events is reported globally at high spatial and temporal resolution. However, working with pre-processed data comes with a risk because data scientists who may rely on GFW data products are unable to change the underlying assumptions used by GFW to define fishing events. In this study, we compare the fishing events identified by GFW with fishing events defined from self-sampling programmes on board two large pelagic fleets in the Northeast Atlantic. Within these self-sampling programmes, the exact position and time of hauls are meticulously reported, allowing for a comparison in both the number of hauls identified and the haul duration. Results reveal that the assumptions made by GFW to define fishing events lead to an overestimated duration of gear deployment within a range of 30%–380%, depending on the target species and vessel type. In addition, by comparing the self-sampling data with unprocessed VMS data, we demonstrate that it is likely that the activity in which vessels search for fish using sonar and echosounder equipment is mistaken for gear deployment. We recommend that authorities and GFW allow scientists free access to the unprocessed AIS data or that organizations such as GFW work closer with the fishing sector and scientific community to improve their data products.

This article presents the methods and preliminary results of research into the socio‐ecological history of the Gloucester fisheries, with a focus on the interactions between humans and marine ecosystems. It explores how these interactions are reflected on land through the built environment and assesses the impact of human activity on marine life. The study is part of a broader research project examining the industrialization of fisheries along the North Atlantic coast. The objectives of this research are to establish a historical timeline of the Gloucester fisheries between 1880 and 1930, integrate statistical and geospatial data, and explore modalities for visualization and communication. Using a mixed‐methods approach, the study is organized around five datasets that combine written, statistical, and geospatial evidence: Fishing Grounds, Fishing Fleets, Population Shifts, Industry Footprint, and Processing Plants. Although the results are still inconclusive, this research aims to lay the groundwork for an experimental methodology that will be further developed. The goal is to enhance historical analysis by introducing an environmental perspective, assessing the pressures on ecosystems, and grounding the analysis in quantitative statistical and geospatial data.

The paper analyses the way to restore Russian cooperation with the countries of the African continent, based on the experience of the Pioneer Base of the Oceanic Fishing Fleet (PBOFF). The potential of joint operation of small-tonnage fishing vessels in the coastal waters of African countries, joint shipbuilding and ship repair activities are being considered. The possibility of introducing small-tonnage fishing vessels into coastal and economic zones is much higher than that of vessels with a length of 55 m and longer. The construction and operation of small vessels is less expensive.