This study aimed to evaluate the economic feasibility of the Integrated Aquaponics Systems (IAS) of high-value species such as tilapia and shrimp in comparison with the normal farming and aquaculture systems. The approach to it was a detailed cost-benefit analysis (CBA), which included the data on infrastructure, costs of operations, yield rates, and market prices. A sensitivity analysis was also incorporated in the analysis in order to determine the effects of variations in the most important variables on the financial performance of IAS, and these variables include fish yield and market demand. The findings showed that IAS registered the highest ROI of 120, and this was far better than the 66.7% ROI in conventional farming and 87.5% ROI in aquaculture systems. The payback period of IAS took the least time of 2.5 years compared to 3 years of farming and 2.7 years of aquaculture. The sensitivity analysis showed that the most important variables in profitability were fish yield and market prices, and a 10% change in the former brought about significant changes in revenue. Although it had a higher initial capital requirement, IAS was more resource-efficient because it was showing long-term sustainability and profitability. To sum up, IAS showed better economic results compared to traditional systems, which outlines its ability to be a sustainable and profitable farming system. The future development of IAS should be dedicated to increasing its scalability through decreasing initial expenses, optimizing system components, and searching for technological evolution that would be able to enhance the financial results under different market conditions. The issue of the effects of regulatory frameworks on the popularity of IAS should also be examined further.

A major factor in increasing improved yields of fish as a result of the population explosion is integrated fish farming with animal husbandry. Combined farming practices that comprise at least two distinct but rationally related components of a fish and livestock enterprise are referred to as integrated farming systems. For integrated livestock fish production, fish species that are fed by humans, effectively use phytoplankton and zooplankton and tend to feed on macrophytes are ideal. The fundamental ideas of integrated farming include preservation, especially the full use of leftovers from animals and the harnessing of the synergistic benefits of connected farm activities. Combining fish aquaculture and animal husbandry can increase output, provide jobs and be very rewarding. It is acknowledged that integrated fish farming is a sustainable aquaculture method. In order to increase output as well as efficiency, this paper reviews integrated aquaculture, paying particular attention to the integration of fish and the increase in productivity of aquaculture systems. In addition to fish, integrated fish farming produces meat (chicken, duck, cattle, etc.), milk, vegetables, fruits, eggs, grains, fodder and mushrooms. It also has the ability to improve the socioeconomic standing and productivity of our society's weakest segments.

The study experimented (to exposed the hatching and growth) of triploid and tetraploid of heterobranchus longifilis and heterobranchus bidorsalis subjected to erythrocyte (measured),The purposed was to produce better stock of heterobranchus species in terms of growth performance through erythrocyte measurement,also to determine diploid, triploid,and tetraploid red blood cells for aquaculture benefits.This application is one of the major areas of biotechnology whose application to fish breeding lead to increase fish yield. triploid induction is a process whereby an entire chromosome set is added to a fertilized egg. Normal individuals are diploid (2N), receiving one chromosome set (1N) from each parent. Triploid (3N) individuals have an additional chromosome set derived from the second polar body (1N). The second polar body is produced during an egg’s meiotic cell division and is normally lost soon after fertilization. If appropriate shock is applied soon after fertilization, the second polar body is retained by the fertilized egg, thus producing a triploid individual. The fish was separated into three tanks of 500 litres water holding capacity of 1m x 1m3 representing the treatments. The data on red blood cells analysis and erythrocyte measurement were analysed using duncam multiple wide range test.This study shows that triploidy and tetraploidy could be induced in (H.longifilis and H.bidorsalis) by cold shock treatment, 3 minutes after fertilization at 50C for 20 minutes while tetraploidy could be induced by administering cold shock treatment, 30 minutes after fertilization at 50C for 10 minutes.

ABSTRACT Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to examine the shifts in fish school distribution under environmental changes and can assist in fisheries management and conservation. Although SDMs commonly incorporate multiple marine environmental variables, their forecasting performance can be influenced by spatial variability and the type of fishing data. This study therefore compared the forecasting performance of SDMs, specifically the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm, based on logbook fish yield data and fishing effort data estimated from Automatic Identification System (AIS), each aggregated at spatial resolutions of 0.01 ∘ , 0.1 ∘ , and 0.5 ∘ . The matched dataset of fishing location and satellite-derived factors in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean during 2012 to 2019 was analysed. The results demonstrate that the MaxEnt model based on fish yield data achieved a prediction accuracy exceeding 88%, and consistently outperformed the models trained with AIS-based fishing effort data, particularly during periods of fish aggregating device closures. The catch-based model also exhibited the highest spatial agreement with actual fishing positions, more than half of the fishing events occurring within 5 km of the predicted fishing grounds when using fine-resolution (0.01°) free-swimming (FS-only) catch records. Additionally, the contribution of environmental variables in the MaxEnt model based on fishing effort data varied with spatial scale, whereas the sea surface temperature consistently remained the most influential predictor in the fish yield-based model. These findings suggest that fine-scale fish yield data, especially FS-only logbook records, can significantly enhance prediction accuracy and provide more reliable habitat forecasts.

Coral reef ecosystems and biodiversity (CRE&B)are vital for humid and semi-tropical coastal populations, small-island emerging economies, and native people since they offer essential ecological services,including food supply, economic possibilities, carbon storage, and storm shelter. Excessive fishing may significantly destabilize CRE&Bglobally while gathering at acceptable levels can enhance fish yields without harming CRE. The dispersion capabilities of CREorganisms result in densely interconnected CRE&Bof reef fisheries relyingon geographically explicit mechanisms, including the ripple effect and illegal fishing inside ocean-safeguarded zones. Nevertheless, a significant portion of the work about CRE&B preservation and governance has mostly focused on excessive fishing at a regional level, neglecting the impact of varying geographical trends in fishing intensity on reef ecology at territorial and local scales. A linked human-ecology framework has beendevelopedto assess the responses of CREand vegetarian reef-associated fish to excessive aquaculture at various geographical scales. Coral and reef-associated species exhibit contrasting responses to habitat destruction caused by excessive fishing, and a possible spillover impact from marine protection zones into excessively fished regions benefits coral species far lessthan it does for reef fish.

Integrated rice-fish farming represents a paradigm shift toward sustainable agricultural intensification in Bihar's agricultural landscape. This comprehensive research examines Magur fish (Clarias batrachus) rice transplanting integrated fish farming systems, analysing their productivity potential, economic viability, and sustainability benefits within Bihar's specific agro-ecological context. Data synthesized from ICAR research facilities, government fisheries statistics, and peer-reviewed publications (2014-2024) reveals that Bihar has achieved remarkable aquaculture growth, progressing from 4.79 lakh metric tonnes (2014-15) to 8.73 lakh metric tonnes (2023-24), achieving 81.98% production increase and attaining 4th position nationally in fish production. Field investigations and techno-economic analyses demonstrate that rice-fish integrated systems incorporating Magur achieve average fish yields of 500-1,000 kg/ha annually with rice yield enhancements of 8-25% compared to monoculture systems. Economic modelling indicates net returns of ₹2,45,000-₹3,04,900/ha for diversified rice-fish-horticulture integration models, representing 2.31-2.36 benefit-cost ratios. This analysis establishes rice-fish farming as a scientifically validated, economically sustainable, and environmentally beneficial production system with exceptional livelihood potential for Bihar's smallholder farming communities, directly supporting state and national food security objectives while promoting agrarian transformation and natural resource optimization.

Abstract The Romanian authorities regarded the Danube’s wetlands with suspicion, the health authorities especially turning critical eyes on wet or moist places as constant sources of infectious disease; but many others complained that their economic potential remained untapped. A policy of turning areas of wetland into farmland became therefore an important state-building measure that was aimed at improving both the country’s food security and the health of its population. State actors commissioned specialists to design drainage and cultivation schemes and, after training abroad, young scientists flocked to the Danube to experiment with the scientific methods they had learned. This article examines how the Danube’s floodplain then became a battleground for the conflicting agendas pursued by landowners and leaseholders on the one hand, and government officials and scientists on the other. The most contentious matter turned out to be the question of which particular wetlands should be drained for cultivation and which should be improved to increase fish yield, pitching an alliance of those favouring land extension schemes against those keener to protect fishing grounds. The disagreement split scientific communities and state institutions, but with his vision of a “sustainable” economic exploitation, in the 1930s the biologist Grigore Antipa managed to forge a consensus to harmonize arable and fish farming while setting clear environmental boundaries to human interventions in the floodplain. In practice however, the complex environmental reality and diverging economic interests between state institutions and property administrators meant that many of Antipa’s principles proved difficult to follow.

Wetlands, essential habitats for biodiversity, provide important resources and environmental services and play a role in combating climate change. However, in Burkina Faso, dams No. 2 and 3 in Ouagadougou, in the central region, Kadiogo province, are experiencing degradation due to the invasive presence of Eichhornia crassipes. To assess the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the invasion of Eichhornia crassipes on the local populations around dams No. 2 and 3 and on their activities, a methodology was set up. This methodological approach was based on a mixed-methods strategy, including, on one hand, semi-structured interviews with local residents and institutional officials, and on the other hand, a water sampling campaign. The study results revealed that these dams were being filled in by an invasion of Eichhornia crassipes, leading to decreased fish yields, the emergence of waterborne diseases, disruptions in boating activities, congestion of irrigation infrastructure, reduced navigable areas, and the appearance of diseases in livestock. The most concerning pollution parameters are suspended solids (14.8 mg/l to 22.2 mg/l), nitrites (0.166 mg/l to 0.233 mg/l), Chemical Oxygen Demand (128.4 mg/l to 59.4 mg/l), 5-day Biological Oxygen Demand (40.2 mg/l to 20.4 mg/l), fecal streptococci (16,760 CFU/100 ml to 13,000 CFU/100 ml), fecal coliforms (28,053.8 CFU/100 ml to 23,226.4 CFU/100 ml), and Escherichia coli (860 CFU/100 ml to 720 CFU/100 ml). The analysis results did not reveal any significant difference between the different sampling points for all parameters, except for pH and TSS. These results are important for the preservation of these wetlands and the implementation of an ecological management strategy aimed at restoring these environments.

Despite the growing interest in microalgae for their ecological and biotechnological value, there is a lack of detailed studies on the diversity and physicochemical dynamics of microalgae in fish ponds within underexplored regions like Nasarawa State, Nigeria. This study examines the isolation, identification, and physicochemical properties of microalgae in Sabon Gari and Rimaye fish ponds in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, an unexplored area for microalgal resources. Water samples from the ponds were cultured in Blue-green 11 Medium and analyzed for microalgae composition and environmental factors affecting pond health and productivity. Morphological identification revealed the presence of Chlorella sp., Microcystis sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Coelastrum sp. in Sabon Gari Pond, and Euglena sp., Chlamydomonas sp., Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp., and Oscillatoria sp. in Rimaye Pond. These species have significant biotechnological applications in biofuel production, renewable energy, water quality management, and pharmaceuticals. The physicochemical analysis revealed significant differences between the ponds in parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity, water hardness, and chloride ions. However, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, temperature, nitrate, phosphate, copper, and zinc levels were not significantly different. Nitrate (2.11 mg/L) and phosphate (4.34 mg/L) levels in Sabon Gari Pond were higher, promoting microalgae proliferation, while lower dissolved oxygen (9.19 ± 0.64 mg/L in Sabon Gari and 11.17 ± 0.88 mg/L in Rimaye) indicates early eutrophication, potentially reducing fish yield. Zinc and copper levels were within WHO limits, and no lead was detected. These findings highlight the environmental factors influencing aquaculture productivity in the ponds and emphasize the potential of microalgae for biofuel production, water treatment, and other applications, while also identifying risks posed by eutrophication. It is recommended that regular monitoring and management of nutrient levels be implemented to avert eutrophication. Furthermore, the identified microalgae should be investigated further for their biotechnological applications in renewable energy and water treatment, aiming to boost both environmental sustainability and economic benefits in the region.

The manyung fish, locally known as 'ikan sembilang' (family Ariidae), is a large demersal species inhabiting marine and estuarine waters, commonly found near river mouths. This study aimed to identify the species composition, catch yield, fishing gear, and traditional processing methods for manyung fish in the estuarine waters of Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua, Indonesia. Research was conducted from October to November 2023 at three sites: Masui and Tahiti in East Bintuni District, and SP 4 in Manimeri, West Bintuni District. A total of 49 individual fish and 15 tissue samples for DNA analysis were collected. The results identified eight distinct manyung species. The total catch yield at the respective locations was 69.64 kg, 48.56 kg, and 46.35 kg. Fishermen primarily used gillnets (locally termed 'pele') and handlines. The local community processes the catch traditionally through smoking and salting methods.

Zooplankton are integral to the functioning of aquatic systems, acting as the intermediary link between higher-order consumers and primary producers, specifically phytoplankton and higher-order predators, such as economically valuable fish. Their community structure, abundance, and size distribution are determinants of the efficiency of energy transfer within the aquatic food web and influence the recruitment and growth of fish, and, consequently, the fisheries. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the ecology of zooplankton in freshwater, estuarine, and marine systems, emphasizing the roles of temperature, nutrients, and hydrodynamics. Recent empirical evidence suggests that fluctuations in zooplankton may cause marked changes in fish yield and points to their role as bioindicators of ecosystem condition and the state of fisheries. This evidence reinforces the need to integrate zooplankton monitoring into management systems, particularly ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM), to inform decision-making on harvest controls, seasonal fishery closures, and habitat conservation. This paper advocates including zooplankton monitoring in fisheries management as indicators of ecosystem condition, rather than treating them as simple prey items.

Aquatic ecosystems are essential hotspots for numerous species, where biodiversity performs various ecological functions that provide valuable ecosystem services to human societies. However, the associations between various facets of aquatic biodiversity and the ecosystem services that provide human non-market benefits have not been sufficiently evaluated, particularly within anthropogenically pressured coastal and freshwater ecosystems. This research seeks to measure the contribution of biodiversity across freshwater and brackish water systems in Lake Victoria to biodiversity-driven ecological benefits within the various provisioning, regulating, and cultural ecosystem services. As part of the research design and systematic biodiversity assessment, the species, abundance, and functional diversity of freshwater fishes, macroinvertebrates, and emergent aquatic vegetation were evaluated, including ecosystem services such as fish production, water-quality regulation (nutrient removal and water clarity), and recreational use value. The relationships between the biodiversity attributes and ecosystem service outcomes were examined using multiple regression and redundancy analysis. Systems characterized by greater functional diversity and species richness demonstrated higher fish yields (R² = 0.45, p < 0.01) and greater fish yields (average 25 % reduction in water turbidity). Stakeholder scores indicated that recreational enjoyment was positively associated with aquatic plant diversity (ρ = 0.63, p < 0.05). The undeniable positive association between aquatic biodiversity and various ecosystem services that impact human well-being remains. To address the socio-economic impacts of biodiversity loss, we recommend conserving and restoring aquatic species. Integrating these findings in the development of management strategies will balance the socio-economic and ecological components of water biodiversity. We urge management strategies to include biodiversity as a metric in ecosystem service valuations to create efficiencies between aquatic conservation and human benefits.

ABSTRACT Aquaponic systems are emerging as sustainable agricultural solutions that conserve water and recycle waste, enabling food cultivation in urban, rural, and arid regions. They are increasingly advocated across diverse contexts, yet adoption remains limited due to concerns about economic viability stemming from huge capital investment and low profitability. In this study, we employed a metadata analysis to assess the influence of climate zones and system configurations on the profitability of soilless systems. Our findings informed the development of a data‐based support tool—APECO—presented as a prototype that uses compiled metadata. Productivity in tropical climates (Aw and Am) was associated with lower energy and labor costs, which corresponded with comparatively better outcomes than temperate regions in terms of breakeven price, net return, and payback periods. However, these patterns should be interpreted with caution due to dataset imbalance, as approximately one‐third of studies were conducted in the Aw climate zone, while data from other zones were sparse. Profitability also appeared to vary between configurations, but the observed divergence between coupled (revenue‐linked) and decoupled (cost‐linked) aquaponics should be regarded as preliminary, given that only 9% of the dataset represented decoupled systems. Plant revenue and fish yield were most strongly associated with net returns across climates, suggesting that context‐specific productivity gains may play an essential role in shaping profitability. We introduced APECO as a proof‐of‐concept calculator designed to integrate system‐specific metadata with user inputs; however, as it has not yet been validated with real‐world data, its use should be regarded as illustrative, pending empirical validation.

Fresh fish consumption: The impact of fish yield on the financial performance of a fine dining restaurant

This study examines the impact of toxic chemical accumulation on fish growth and yield in the inland fisheries of North 24 Parganas, West Bengal. Persistent contamination from anthropogenic sources has led to the accumulation of hazardous substances in aquatic environments. Results indicate that elevated chemical residues correlate with significant reductions in fish growth rates and overall yield. The findings underscore the urgent need for sustainable management and pollution mitigation to protect fish health and local aquaculture productivity.

The water resources of Rajasthan exist in the form of reservoirs, lakes, rivers, canals etc., which are used for fisheries purposes and contribute huge amounts of fish production. The potential of these water bodies could be exploited by the application of appropriate farming practices and justified inputs. In this study, the relationship between fish farming input i.e. fish seed production and fish production of the state for the last 25 years 2000-2001 to 2024-25 is evaluated. The secondary data for the present study was collected from various sources including Annual report (2025) published by Directorate of Fisheries (Government of Rajasthan) and Handbook on Fisheries Statistics (2024) published by Department of Fisheries (Government of India). The result indicated that in the initial years of the study 2000-2001 fish production (12,141 metric tons) and fish seed production (231.00 million fry) were relatively low while in 2024-2025, these were subsequently high 1, 01,108 metric tons and 14, 50.00 million fry. The relationship between the variables (fish seed production and fish production) shows linear straight line and the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.910 thus shows a significant positive relationship. The linear equation (Y = 57.685 X - 645.370) and the regression coefficient (b) showed that one million fry can increase of 57.685 metric tons of fish production. The data analysis and results also revealed that the produced fish seed quantity neither fulfils the demand of the fish farmers nor is sufficient to adequately stock the water bodies of the state. The requirement of quantity of quality fish seed could be fulfilled by the development of fish hatcheries by state government or by promoting the established private hatcheries. It is also suggested to develop the appropriate supply chain for fish seed for better utilization of water resources in the state as well as for enhancing the fish production and productivity of available fisheries resources. Therefore, it is advised to establish more functional hatcheries or strengthen the existing hatcheries (government sector or private sectors), which may help to increase the seed production for the optimum utilization of the water bodies and encourage the fish farming in the state.

In 2022, this study assessed the fishery potential of Lake Solai, Kenyatta, Melelo, and Kikuyian Dams, incorporating fisheries data, environmental characteristics, and community perceptions on fishery development. Water quality parameters varied among the water bodies, with Kenyatta Dam recording lower temperatures (<17 °C). Dissolved oxygen levels remained consistently above 5 mg/L in all water bodies. Lake Solai yielded 36 fish, 24 Clarias gariepinus (catfish) and 12 Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia), with a catch rate of 9 fish per hour. The mean sizes were 46.88±5.6 cm for catfish and 24.16±6.6 cm for Nile tilapia, with condition factors of catfish (0.65±0.13) and Nile tilapia (1.7±0.31). Kenyatta Dam had a lower catch rate of 3 fish per hour, with 14 Nile tilapia averaging 23.53±5.50 cm and a condition factor of 1.93±0.22. Melelo Dam had a higher catch rate of 14 fish per hour, with catfish averaging 30.41±10.12 cm and Nile tilapia 23.21±6.2 cm, with a condition factor for tilapia above 1. No fish were caught in Kikuyian Dam. Fish yield estimates ranged from 548.3 t/yr in Solai to 4.8 t/yr in Kenyatta Dam. Communities perceived fisheries as an income-generating activity, highlighting the potential of SWBs to support fish production and rural livelihoods if investments in sustainable management, capacity building, and infrastructure are prioritized.

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to analyze and summarize available data on the biological and ecological characteristics of gilthead bream (Sparus aurata), methods of reproduction and cultivation of this fish species, and the prospects for introducing the object into domestic aqua­culture. Methodology. Experimental works on growing gilthead bream in the estuaries of the northwestern Black Sea region was carried out in 1979–1981. Age-0+ gilthead bream were delivered from France to Odesa by employees of the Central Production and Acclimatization Station. Cultivation was carried out at the Experimental Mullet Plant (EMP) “Antarctica”. A combined cultivation method was used. In April–November in cages installed in the estuary. In winter, in flow-through tanks with thermal artesian water. Water temperature and dissolved oxygen content were monitored daily. Hydrochemical analysis of water and biological analysis of fish were performed monthly. The fish were fed with artificial feed RGM-5 M and RGM-5 B and pasty trout feed. Microsoft Excel was used for statistical data processing. Findings. Ecological, biological and fishery characteristics of S. aurata, data on distribution on the Azov-Black Sea shelf of Ukraine. It has been shown that in recent years, due to global climate change, S. aurata has spread to the northwestern part of the Black Sea basin. The main aspects of the technology of artificial reproduction and cultivation of gilthead bream in the Mediterranean basin are considered. For the first time, our own results of experimental cultivation of gilthead bream using the tank-cage method were presented within the framework of the research topic “Prospects for introducing new objects into aquaculture in Ukraine.” Growing gilthead sea bream in the conditions of the estuaries of the northwestern Black Sea region was carried out using a combined method. Wintering of fish from all age groups took place in flow-through tanks thermal artesian water, and cultivation from April to November in cages installed in the Shabolatsky estuary. The fish were fed with granulated artificial and pasty feeds. After 28 months of cultivation, age-2+ gilthead bream reached an average weight of 295±13.8 g. The yield of marketable fish was over 81% of the number of juveniles stocked for rearing. The results of the experiment showed the possibility of commercial cultivation of gilthead sea bream in the southern regions of the Black Sea region. Originality. For the first time, the results of experimental cultivation of S. aurata in the northwestern Black Sea region are presented. The possibility of commercial cultivation of this fish species using combined technology (tank-cage method) is shown. The prospects for introducing gilthead bream into Ukrainian mariculture are considered. Practical Value. The possibility of introducing S. aurata commercial cultivation in the estua­ries of southern Ukraine using a combined (garden-pool) method has been proven. The prospects for introducing this species into mariculture in southern Ukraine are considered.

Oil spillage continues to pose a significant environmental threat in Nigeria’s Niger Delta, leading to ecological degradation, disruption of livelihoods, and socio-political instability. This study investigates the perceptions and impacts of oil spillage among fishermen in the Biseni community of Bayelsa State. Utilizing a descriptive cross-sectional design, data were collected from 358 respondents selected through systematic random sampling. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed, and responses were analyzed using SPSS version 16. The results show that 94.4% of respondents identified pipeline corrosion from soil-related factors as a major cause of oil spillage. Other commonly perceived causes included sabotage by surveillance contractors (86.3%), pipeline vandalism (85.2%), and unemployment (84.1%). Water pollution was identified by 98.0% of respondents as the most severe environmental consequence, particularly affecting aquatic life. Health impacts were also substantial, with 96.9% reporting adverse effects, skin rashes being the most frequently cited (32.0%). Economically, 95.5% of respondents reported reduced income due to declining fish yields. Broader socio-economic impacts included perceived links to unemployment (91.9%), increased kidnapping (79.6%), lack of compensation (80.4%), displacement (35.8%), and the need to purchase drinking water (70.4%). The study concludes that repeated oil spillage and unregulated exploitation have caused significant environmental and socio-economic harm in the Biseni community. The lack of effective compensation mechanisms intensifies local grievances and underscores the urgent need for sustainable environmental governance and enhanced corporate accountability in oil-producing areas.

Optimizing stocking density for enhanced fish yield in lacustrine cage aquaculture