Fish Business Research Articles

Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Bisnis pada Budidaya Ikan Cupang Hias Menurut Perspektif Ekonomi Islam

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats all need to be identified when running a betta fish business. To address this need, SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis is used, which plays a key role in determining an organization's strategy. SWOT analysis is a systematic method for analyzing threats and opportunities to predict future environmental conditions and predict problems that may arise in the future. In conducting this research, we adopted qualitative research as a method. Qualitative research is a research method that explores detailed information in the form of interviews with betta fish farmers in Jambi and provides descriptive data. This study also produces data in the form of written and spoken words directly from people and behavior that can be observed. The strategy used in developing the ornamental Betta fish cultivation business in the research area uses the SO (Strength and Opportunities) strategy. This strategy uses the company's strengths to overcome threats. The SO strategy uses the company's internal strengths to avoid or reduce the impact of external threats. In an Islamic economic perspective, the process of determining development strategies for ornamental betta fish cultivation businesses must be based on Islamic law, such as not selling or producing prohibited goods, as well as being transparent in determining price. And the most important thing is that cultivators do not carry out actions that deviate from the teachings of the Islamic religion.

Improving the Quality of Smoked Fish Processing for the PKM Program in Hamadi Village, Jayapura City

Smoked fish products produced by fishing households in Jayapura City are widely known, becoming food products that are popular with city residents and souvenirs for tourists. The development of this superior commodity requires at least four requirements, namely that commodity procurement must be continuous in quantity, quality and at the right time, have good traceability, continuous development and mastery of technology, and adequate mastery of business management. It is within this framework that this community service activity is carried out. The aim of this Community Partnership Service activity is to empower the community to increase their knowledge and skills in using appropriate fish smoking equipment, making hygienic packaging, understanding production and marketing management and making simple cash books in running a smoked fish processing business in Hamadi Village, Jayapura City. This service uses participatory rural appraisal methods, fisheries education, and pretest posttest control group design. Based on the results of the implementation of activities with POKLAHSAR Mama Papua partners on 26-27 August and 22-23 September 2023, it is known that there is an understanding of cash bookkeeping, the use of appropriate smoking equipment, production management and marketing management, as well as making hygienic packaging for smoked tuna. , has increased. It is hoped that this can become a benchmark for the development of the smoked fish business among partners as targeted in the activity objectives.

An Empirical Investigation into the Feasibility of a Smoked Fish Enterprise Utilising Liquid Smoke Technology in Central Maluku Regency

The purpose of this research is to analyze the feasibility of liquid smoked fish businesses, especially tuna and skipjack, by utilizing liquid smoke technology in Tulehu Village and Waai Village, Central Maluku Regency. To find out whether this liquid smoked fish business is worth running or not. The research used a survey method with direct interview techniques with liquid smoked fish business actors in Tulehu Village and Waai Village regarding the liquid smoked fish production process, marketing, sales and profits obtained. The data obtained was then analyzed for business feasibility from a financial aspect. The analysis technique used is using investment criteria including: Payback Period, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Profitability Index as well as investment risk using sensitivity analysis. The results of this research show that the liquid smoked fish business in Tulehu village and Waai village is considered feasible because the financial aspect is considered to meet the investment assessment criteria, the rate of return on investment (Payback Period) is faster than the project plan, namely 5 years, the Net Present Value has positive value, the Internal Rate of Return is above the expected profit level, and the Profitability Index /Benefit Cash Ratio Ratio is greater than oneKeywords: Feasibility of liquid smoked fish business, Payback Period, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Profitability Index /Benefit Cash ratio Ratio is greater than one

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE OPINIONS HELD BY CONSUMERS IN CHENNAI REGARDING VARIOUS TYPES OF SEAFOOD

A research study undertaken to examine the consumer impression of seafood in Chennai, India. The objective of the study was to investigate the various elements that impact customer preferences, attitudes, and purchasing behaviors in relation to fish goods. Chennai, situated along the southern coastline of India, exhibits a significant cultural and economic association with seafood owing to its close proximity to the Bay of Bengal. The comprehension of customer views within this particular environment holds significant importance for the fish business, sustainability initiatives, and consumer well-being.
 The research utilized a hybrid methodology, integrating both qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The collection of qualitative data involved conducting in-depth interviews and focus group discussions in order to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying attitudes, cultural influences, and beliefs that influence consumers' decision-making processes around seafood consumption. Structured surveys were employed to collect quantitative data from a varied sample of Chennai inhabitants, enabling the statistical analysis of preferences and consumption trends.

Pelatihan Pengolahan Produk Ikan Asap Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Produk

Tanah Toa Village is one of the gods that belongs to the Kajang sub-district, Bulukumba district. So far, Tanah Toa has been recognized as a national cultural heritage, especially in the Kajang Dalam area. The non-coastal location makes agricultural activities the dominant activity among the community. Only a few residents run the business of smoking fish. Pera smoked fish business actors obtain raw materials for skipjack tuna in the Bonto Maritime area which is a coastal area. While the production of smoked fish is sold to markets around the Kajang sub-district and the city of Bulukumba. The quality of smoking that is not maximized causes smoked fish to not last long. Smoked fish produced can only last a maximum of 3 days. This makes it difficult for smoked fish production to be traded outside the province or made into souvenirs for tourists who come from out of town. The durability of the smoked fish produced is not yet good because the smoking process only lasts about 2 hours, so the water content is still there. The use of fish smoking technology is also not owned by business actors, making it difficult for business actors to have difficulty in producing good quality smoked fish.

Assessment of Food Safety Practices among Smoked Fish Sellers in Ekiti State, Nigeria

This study was carried out to assess the food safety practices among the smoked fish sellers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. It aimed at describing the socio-economic characteristics of the smoked fish sellers; identifying the food safety practices, examining the determinants of using food safety practices, estimating the profitability of smoked fish and ascertaining the constraints to food safety practices among smoked fish sellers in the study area. Data, obtained through a multi-stage sampling technique, were analysed through the use of descriptive statistics and Tobit regression models. Result from socio-economic characteristics of the respondents revealed that smoked fish business was dominated by females (75.8%) who were majorly young people with the mean age of 45.5years. The majority of the respondents were married (59.1%). It was also revealed that most of the respondents were literate with different levels of education with the average family size of 6 persons. The respondents were fairly experienced with 41.7% of them had more than 10 years of involvement in smoked fish enterprise. Most of the respondents used charcoal (53.4%) and half drum kiln (57.5%) in smoking their fish. A larger percentage (33.3%) of the respondents sourced their capital from other sources. Majority (61.7%) of the respondents smoked other species of fish such as hake fish and herring fish etc. The smoked fish sellers (68.3%) had prior knowledge of food safety practices while the respondents (57.5%) had access to useful food safety practices. The majority (73.3%) of the respondents had no access to bank loans. This study revealed that the majority of the smoked fish sellers were food safety compliant. It revealed that the major food safety practices used by the respondents were sweeping of their workspace before and after processing (99.2%) and washing of their hands before and after processing (97.5%) The only place they were lacking was in the covering of their smoked fish, the study revealed only few (32.5%) of the smoked fish sellers covers their smoked fish. On the cost and returns, the study revealed the mean value of total cost to be ₦305,690 and the mean amount of the total income generated by the respondents to be ₦495,850. The total income was greater than the total cost, which implies that the business was profitable. The results of Tobit regression model analysis revealed that age, level of education, family size and access to useful food safety practices were found to significantly influence the number of food safety practices used by the respondents in the study area. On the constraints to the use of food safety practices, the study revealed that the respondents were facing different problems and the most prominent problem was the lack of storage facilities (88.3%).

Feasibility Analysis and Production Increase Strategy for Marine Ornamental Fish Agribusiness

The marine ornamental fish business has experienced significant growth every year in Indonesia. This study aims to conduct feasible business analysis for marine ornamental fish commodities at PT. Indotama Putra Wahana. This study aims to evaluate the financial feasibility and investment in the marine ornamental fish business by achieving maximum sustainable profits. The research was conducted from March to July 2023. Data collection was carried out using primary and secondary data using interview methods and direct field observations (PT. Indotama Putra Wahana, DKI Jakarta). Data were analyzed using NPV (Net Present Value), Payback Period, Profitability Index, IRR (Internal Rate of Return), and BEP (Break Even Point). The results show that the NPV of cash flows for 10 years with a discount rate of 20% has a Profitability Index of 1.2. This indicates that the marine ornamental fish business has promising prospects. Data analysis also shows that the payback period is 3.4 years, the Net Present Value is IDR 9.972.734.254, and the IRR (Internal Rate of Return) is 21.8% which exceeds the interest rate of 11.5%. Break Even Point (BEP) of IDR 1.489.913.724 or 8.343 fish. These values indicate that this marine ornamental fish business generates positive income or profits.

Social Engineering ToFloating Net-Cage Fish FarmersIn Ranu Klakah Lumajang, East Java

Apart from being a tourist destination,Ranu Klakah, is also used as a fishing business location for capture and aquaculture. Local people use it as a place for fish farming using the floating net cage (KJA) method which has quite a large potential. Currently problems faced by floating net cage fish farmers in Ranu Klakah is the unavailability of adequate fishery facilities and infrastructure, both fisheries and aquaculture, the low application of fishery technology in the field of aquaculture and marketing of fishery products and the low quality of human resources for fisheries sector business. The Doctoral Community Service Program (Doktor Mengabdi/DM) Universitas Brawijaya offers several programs to help solve some of the problems encountered by fish farmers. These solutions, aimed to improve community knowledge about best management practice of aquaculture using floating net-cage system, increasing community knowledge about digital product marketing and improving the quality and quantity of fish production in floating net cage systems in Ranu Klakah to attract consumers with wider coverage area and high time flexibility

Fish Quality Analysis and Business Development of Fishery Products Processing in Titigogoli Village Morotai Island Regency

Morotai Island Regency is located in North Maluku Province which 89% of villages in the district are located in coastal areas which are rich in marine resource potentials. Fish is a food that is easily damaged so it is necessary to handle to maintain its quality. Fish processing also needs to be done to anticipate the abundance of catches. The problem that occurs in Titigogoli Village is the lack of fishermen’s knowledge about fish handling, as well as the lack of fish processing knowledge (fishermen’s wife) to produce the good quality products. This study aims to determine the quality of fish caught by Titigogoli Village fishermen and it’s handling method, and provide alternative businesess. This study was conducted in June - August 2022. The analysis was pH analysis and organoleptic test to see the quality of fish and SWOT analysis to formulate a strategy for developing business of fishery product. The results showed that the quality of fish was included in the fresh category with an average pH value and organoleptic were ranging from 6.20-6.43 and 7.27-9.00, respectively. The recommended alternative business is smoked fish because it quite potential. Strategy formulation for the development of fisheries businesses for fishermen/business actors in Titigogoli Village is (a) increasing the independence of fishermen/business actors through support the facilities and training in processing quality products; (b) increasing village cooperation with related agencies; (c) Improving fisheries business management; (d) Development of infrastructure to accommodate fishermen’s catch.

Role of Rural Women in Sustaining the Fish Crackers Business: A Case Study in South Sumatra

The rural woman is a valuable human resource, especially in fulfilling the economic functions of the family and the home alongside males. In rural families, women perform not only a reproductive but also a productive and social role. This research is original because it examines the contribution of women in rural areas, particularly in villages with local potentials, such as river and swamp fish. Women transform fish into crackers, which they sell to increase the family’s income. This study examines rural women’s contribution to the fish crackers business. The qualitative research was conducted in Tebing Gerinting Village, South Indralaya Sub-district, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra. Data collection technique involving in-depth interviews with the informant. Using qualitative analysis methods, the collected data were analyzed. Women perform a variety of roles in the production of crackers fish, including dough preparation, crackers fish formation, boiling, drying/drying process, roasting, packaging, and sales. Fish crackers are a commercially produced item that incorporates the contributions of women. Women in the manufacturing crackers fish business have difficulty finding laborers. There is no business capital because the raw materials for making fish crackers are supplied by fixed-supply agents. The agents of the fish were from Palembang, while the agents of tapioca flour were from Lampung. All family members are involved in the marketing of fish crackers. They sold to the market in Tanjung Raja, Indralaya, and even to outside areas such as Pendopo, Kayuagung, Komering, Sungai Pinang, Ketapang, Tanjung Enim, Lahat, Prabumulih, Palembang and up to outside the cities, such as Lampung. Additionally, they sell fish crackers on the road next to their home. The contribution of women to economically productive activities can ensure the survival and growth of venture fish crackers. It can increase their family’s nutritional security.

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT IN MICRO-BUSINESS OF SIAMESE FIGHTING FISH CULTIVATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The economic value of Siamese Fighting fish and betta fish (Betta splendens) cultivation at the micro-business level has good potential to be developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the potential of the betta ornamental fish business, not a few parties use this as an alternative solution to the community's income crisis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many parties engaged as ornamental fish cultivators to become a commodity of economic value, which in the past was usually only fish for complaints and not specifically cultivated to become aesthetic fish. The research objective focuses on assessing multi-dimensional sustainability in micro-business Betta splendens aquaculture during the pandemic. The data collected in this study include primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected based on a questionnaire through interviews with micro-business actors of betta fish spread across six villages community associations, while secondary data was collected based on reports, journals, and the results of relevant studies. Data analysis used multi-dimensional scaling (MDS), leverage test, and Monte Carlo test. The analysis results show that two dimensions are categorized as less sustainable, namely business feasibility and business strategy, and three other dimensions, namely market networks, infrastructure, and maintenance and handling categorized as moderately sustainable. Ten sensitive attributes are considered unstable. The conclusion of the five dimensions assessed shows a less sustainable category. Leveraging factors in each dimension can be a key to developing a sustainable strategy for micro-business siamese fighting fish farming in the future.

A Study on the Welfare of Fishermen in Mangkang Wetan, Semarang City, Central Java Indonesia

The life of fishermen is often associated with poverty because of uncertain income depending on catch, weather and season. The capital requirement becomes an obstacle to develop fishery business and fisherman side business. One of the ways for the government to overcome this problem is to provide assistance in the form of grants with main objective is increasing the ability and income of fishermen through the development of small-scale fishing business activities in rural areas in accordance with the potential of fish resources. However, the distribution of grant funds often does not work well and there is a lack of continuous evaluation. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the level of welfare of fishermen in Mangkang Wetan Sub-district, Semarang City, Indonesia. The research population is 110 people with 21 samples of fishermen receiving Business Capital Program of Rural Development (PUMP beneficiaries) and 53 non-PUMP beneficiaries who do fishing activities using trammel net and bubu traps. Technique of collecting data by interview method with questioner and observation in field. Data analysis technique using regression of dummy variable. Factors affecting the level of welfare of the fishermen in Mangkang Wetan Village, Tugu Sub-district, Semarang are experience, fisherman's income, income of family member of fisherman, education. The variables that have no significant effect are the age, number of family dependents, expenditure and assistance of the PUMP program.

Freshwater Fish Breeding in Pulo Damar Village Using E-Business

Since the Covid-19 pandemic, public interest in raising freshwater fish has shown an increasing trend, considering that now many layers of people work at home so that raising freshwater fish has become an entertainment in itself. The purpose of this research is to change the mindset of the people in Pulo Damar Village, where technological, social, and cultural developments have led to many companies being established to achieve certain goals in meeting human needs. Electronic Business or E-Business is a transaction, buying and selling, business activity carried out through electronic devices or with the internet so that companies can directly interact with customers, suppliers and business partners. Freshwater fish are fish that are easy to maintain, freshwater fish cultivation does not need a large place and large capital, it can be done as a home business. Therefore, we can make this freshwater fish business an online business (e-business) so that this fish business is more increased and can reach a broad market.

Competitive Strategy of Shredded Fish Business in Abonindi Kendari

Abonindi is one of the businesses that process fish into shredded fish. Making shredded fish is relatively easy, so sliced fish can be processed on a small business scale—the potential results in business actors working on the identical product type on the market. Still, Abonindi's business does not affect the number of competitors at the producer-actor level. This makes researchers want to know how Abonindi's competitive strategy is in doing business. So this study aims to determine the internal and external factors of the Abonindi shredded fish business and formulate a competitive plan that is applied to the Abonindi shredded fish business. This research was conducted in the Benu-Benua Village, West Kendari District, Kendari City, from July 2021 to October 2022. This research used descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. The research method used was a case study on the shredded Abonindi business. The variables for this research consist of the identity of the respondents, including age, education level, business experience, and number of family dependents. Internal factors include business strengths and weaknesses, and external factors include business opportunities and threats. Based on the results of the study shows that (a) internal factors, consisting of three strength factors, namely own business capital, adequate production technology and good use of promotional media, and two weak factors, namely product prices which are relatively high compared to competitors, type or variant of shredded fish is still small. (b) external factors, consisting of three opportunity factors, namely the existence of support from the government, strategic marketing locations, and expanding market demand, and four threat factors, namely fluctuating raw material costs, many similar businesses, uncertain climatic conditions, and the nature of perishable raw materials. Based on the SWOT analysis results, the strategy used in the Abonindi shredded fish business is quadrant I (one), namely the SO strategy (Strengths – Opportunities). SO strategy is a strategy that uses strengths to take advantage of opportunities. The SO strategy used is to utilise promotional media to market shredded products, with an expanding market demand to increase or expand the need for the Abonindi business.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA IKAN ASIN SEPAT KERING (Tricoghaster, sp) DI KABUPATEN BANJAR KALIMANTAN SELATAN

The aim of the research was to find out the technical processing of dry salted sepat siam fish, to find out the costs, benefits, and feasibility obtained by entrepreneurs processing dried salted sepat siam fish, and to find out the problems faced. This research was conducted in Tambak Baru Village, Banjar District, Banjar District, South Kalimantan Province, namely in March 2023. The location for the research was determined based on the consideration that Tambak Baru Village, Banjar District, is a salted sepat fish processing center in Banjar Regency. This sampling method uses the Census method, namely sampling all salted fish processing entrepreneurs through surveys and direct interviews, the number of salted fish processing entrepreneurs in Tambak Baru Village, Banjar District, is 5 people. Technically, the dried salted fish business has been running with a production capacity of 134 kg at a price of IDR 65,000/kg. The biggest variable cost is the cost of raw materials with an average of Rp. 2,475,000/farmer Meanwhile, the fixed cost of the salted fish processing business is the equipment depreciation cost of Rp. 17,134/farmer. The average income is Rp. 8,710,000/farmer While the average profit of dried salted fish processing business is Rp. 4,417,866/farmer. The RCR value of the dried salted fish processing business was obtained at 2.029, which means every Rp. 1 invested in the dried salted fish processing business will generate Rp. 2,029 which means the business of processing dried salted fish is feasible

THE CONCEPT OF PODCAST PRODUCTION DESIGN "RUANG KITA" AS A MEDIUM OF INSPIRATION FOR MILLENNIALS IN SELF-DEVELOPMENT

Abstract Ruang Kita” is a program that has been designed with the aim of allowing millennials to enjoy themselves while obtaining a space where they can find self motivation and inspiration in this podcast program which has been packaged with a casual and educative conversation. The “Ruang Kita” podcast consists of 3 episodes. The first episode is titled Becoming a Content Creator for a Better Living which discusses the struggle of Rahel Tama, a college student who is currently building her career as a content creator.Second episode is titled From Passion to Career, which discussed the story of Kelvin Christian who is very passionate about his hobby in the coffee industry.Finally, the last episode is titled Starting a Business Successfully with Best Friend, which discussed the story of two best friends, Mufti and Miqdad in their Betta Fish Business together. This non thesis work uses New Media Theory which explains that the communication message is focused and easy to be channelled through the internet technology and involves the audience to increase the interaction and communication process. “Ruang Kita” will be uploaded to Spotify and Youtube as the main platform.

Implementation of Fish Feed Pellet Making Machine for Freshwater Fish Farming Groups in RW 04 Jatibening Baru Village, Bekasi City

The partners in this Community Service Program (PkM) are a group of freshwater fish cultivators in RW 04 Jatibening Baru Village, Bekasi City. Two main problems for partners are: 1. the high cost of fish feed so that business profits are not maximized and 2. business management that is not yet optimal. The purpose of this PkM activity is to apply appropriate technology for fish feed pellet machines as a result of faculty members’ research to benefit partners. The implementation method for this PkM is: The first stage is to collect data on the need for the number of fish feed pellets from partners, which then determines the type of pellet maker that is most suitable and then manufactures the pellet maker. The next stage is conducting training to partners in making fish feed pellets and business management with the canvas business model. By carrying out this service activity, it can be concluded that: 1. partners are able to reduce the cost of fish feed by 50%, 2. partners are able to make nutritional compositions for fish feed, and 3. partners understand the basics of the canvas business model in business management.

Feasibility of Smoked Stingrays in Middle Tarakan Village, Tarakan City, North Kalimantan

Stingrays are bycatch (bycatch) in the catches of fishermen in Tarakan City. This is due to the characteristics of the stingrays and the smell of ammonia which causes not many people to use them, even one of the less desirable fish catches. One of the proper processing of stingrays is by processing them into smoked fish, especially in Tarakan City. The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility of smoking fish business in the Middle Tarakan Village, Tarakan City. Data collection was carried out in April-May 2023. Primary data was obtained through observation and interviews with smoked fish entrepreneurs. The results of the study showed that the smoked fish business was carried out in his own smoking house, which was separate from the residential house. The type of fish that is smoked is stingray. The capacity of the smoking tool is 30 kg with the smoking media in the form of coconut shells. The total cost for one production cycle (3 hours) is Rp. 40,000/production; receipt of Rp. 196 million/year and a profit of Rp. 114 million/year. R/C and B/C values ​​were 2.46 and 1.46, PP for 4 days. The results of the smoked fish business are profitable and worth continuing. More and more businesses smoking fish in Tarakan City in the use of fish which are by-catch (by-catch) production is increasing, so as to create new jobs and improve family welfare. PP for 4 days. The results of the smoked fish business are profitable and worth continuing. More and more businesses smoking fish in Tarakan City in the use of fish which are by-catch (by-catch) production is increasing, so as to create new jobs and improve family welfare. PP for 4 days. The results of the smoked fish business are profitable and worth continuing. More and more businesses smoking fish in Tarakan City in the use of fish which are by-catch (by-catch) production is increasing, so as to create new jobs and improve family welfare.

PENDAMPINGAN DAN PELATIHAN DIVERSIFIKASI PRODUK PENGOLAHAN IKAN BAGI WANITA NELAYAN PESISIR KUPANG

The purpose of this service is to carry out mentoring and training on the innovation of processed fish products in Tablolong village in West Kupang District, related to the development of new processed fish products and business planning for the Tablolong village community. West Kupang sub-district was chosen because the villages in it have potential natural resources (plantations, fisheries, agriculture, tourism) that can be optimized to increase village independence. This service is a university response to encourage the growth of young entrepreneurs in the village. Intensive assistance is sought to ensure that product innovation development efforts can be implemented effectively and can at least contribute to the economy of Tablolong village, West Kupang sub-district. Ultimately, the village community is expected to implement the business idea in order to produce young village entrepreneurs who contribute to the economic development of the village.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Pengembangan Olahan Ikan Asap Sagarurung di Kecamatan Talang Ubi Kabupaten Pali

Community empowerment aims to empower individuals within a community to realize their full potential and skills. The community referred to is one where there is no one who is unproductive or unemployed. Unemployment is a state where members of the labor force do not have a job and are not actively seeking one at the moment. Unemployment can be addressed, one of which is through community empowerment by developing food processing, particularly those made from fish. If good operational and marketing practices are not followed by good fish processing development efforts, then there will be no high economic benefits or value. Qualitative research methods were applied in this study. The results of this study are: 1) The researcher concluded that the community empowerment process through the development of smoked sagarurung fish products in the Talang Ubi District of PALI Regency consists of several stages, namely community involvement, program planning, program implementation, and continuous evaluation. 2) Supporting factors for community empowerment are the facilities provided by the government and related agencies, while inhibiting factors include changes in mindset, the dominance of raw materials sourced from outside the region, and a lack of understanding of digital marketing. 3) The results of community empowerment are an increase in the life skills of smoked sagarurung fish business owners, fulfillment of their economic needs, and an increase in their understanding of high-quality smoked sagarurung fish processing.