A new paradigm for electrical modeling in site leakage diagnostics: A label-scarce three-dimensional simulation surrogate using physics-informed neural networks.

Internal damage quantification of low-velocity impact damage in thick FRP laminates using phased-array ultrasound, X-ray CT, and finite element methods

Acoustic manipulation for metal additive manufacturing powder sorting.

COMMET Solve COMMET solve is finite element solver focused on batch-vectorized constitutive updates and performant integration of neural constitutive models (NCM). It is a module that exists as a part of the computational mechanics and machine learning toolbox (COMMET). COMMET solve is currently in a beta testing stage. A ready-to-go docker image is provided on Docker hub. You can find documentation on how to install and use COMMET here. You can find the associated GitHub repo here.

A theoretical model for predicting the ultrasonic signals in cylindrical waveguide generated by EMATs.

Experimental and numerical simulation research on damage characteristics and breakage behaviors of corn kernels.

Mass-lumping technique for fully explicit time integration of the shifted-basis variant of the 3D extended finite element method

Research on mobile induction heating of rolls based on magnetic-heat coupling finite element method

• Dynamic response among the microscopical crystallographic orientation, slip system activity and macroscopical plastic behaviors are established. • Non-uniformly distributed pressure (NUDP) can promote the grain rotation, leading to the enhanced compatibility of intragranular and intergranular deformation. • NUDP facilitates reducing the overall slip system activity and enhances the probability of simultaneous activation of multiple slip systems. • NUDP is favorable for mitigating the strain localization and improving the formability of Al6014 THTB. Plastic instability and premature failure during the forming of tailor heat-treated blank (THTB) can be probably inhibited by the introduction of a non-uniformly distributed pressure (NUDP) field due to the reduction of pressure localization on the heat-treated zone (HTZ). Nevertheless, the inherent complex thermal and mechanical loading conditions of such a process exhibit the underlying challenges in revealing its potential physical mechanisms. In this work, the deformation mechanisms of Al6014 THTB under NUPD are systematically investigated via the crystal plasticity finite element method, aiming to establish the dynamic response between the lattice structure, crystallographic orientation, and slip system activity at the microscopic level and the macroscopic plastic behaviors. The evolution of the slip system normal of the representative grains indicates that as compared to uniformly distributed pressure, NUDP can enhance grain rotation in the as-received zone and HTZ, leading to a higher fraction of grains with rotation angles ( ξ ) deviating from ξ = 0°. Besides, the evolution of slip system activity and cumulative shear strain rate suggests that when NUDP is introduced, the normal pressure on the HTZ is decreased, leading to the reduced increasing rate of slip system activation in each loading transient and the enhanced probability of simultaneous activation of multiple slip systems. This can promote the multi-directional slip activation within the HTZ, but maintain the limited dislocation movement and propagation rate so that significant grain rotation and intergranular deformation are suppressed. Accordingly, the duration of plastic shear strain accumulation is prolonged, which can mitigate the strain localization in the HTZ and improve the macroscopic forming limit. The new insights into the relationships between the microstructure evolution and mechanical response of Al6014 THTB under complex load conditions may facilitate process control.

A multiple-dynamics-preserving splitting mixed finite element method for 2D time-fractional molecular beam epitaxy model with slope selection

Modelling of interfacial debonding between FRP and concrete using the scaled boundary finite element method

Error analysis on the mixed finite element method for a quad-curl problem with low-order terms in three dimensions

The coupling of mixed and primal finite element methods for the coupled body-plate problem

A fatigue life assessment of horizontal-axis tidal turbine blades subjected to cyclic yaw misalignment from diurnal and semi-diurnal tidal currents was performed using integrated computational modelling. The research addresses the problem that turbine developers lack quantitative understanding of how daily current direction reversals affect blade durability, leading to uncertain design decisions about yaw mechanisms. Unlike previous studies that examined yaw as a fixed condition or tidal cycles only as speed variations, this research uniquely combines blade element momentum theory, finite element analysis, and extended finite element method with the Walker equation to capture the regular rhythm of direction changes. The loading analysis revealed that each tidal direction change produces rapid load reversals of approximately 400 KNM range at spring tides. At 3.0 m/s current speed, root bending moment increased from 414.3 KNM at zero yaw to 601.2 KNM at 20° yaw (45% increase). Finite element analysis showed maximum principal stress reached 83.5 MPa under cyclic yaw at 3.0 m/s, 33% higher than zero yaw conditions. Crack initiation analysis identified the pressure side near the leading edge at the blade root as the most critical location, with stress ranges of 78-85 MPa and criticality factor of 9.8. Crack growth analysis demonstrated that cyclic yaw produces growth rates of 2.8×10⁻⁷ mm/cycle at 10 mm crack length, 75% higher than fixed 10° yaw and 211% higher than fixed 0° yaw. For 0.5 mm initial defect, cyclic yaw gave 8.2 million cycles to failure compared to 18.7 million for fixed 0° yaw (56% life reduction). At 2.0 m/s current, cyclic yaw yielded 18.2 years life versus 41.2 years for fixed 0° yaw. Wave heights of 2.0 m reduced life by 45%, while 2.0 mm initial defects reduced life to 38% of 0.5 mm defect cases. A predictive model N_F = (58.3/U^2.8) ×F_YAW ×F_WAVE×F_DEFECT was developed, with penalty factors of 0.44 for cyclic yaw relative to fixed 0° operation. The research concludes that cyclic yaw significantly reduces blade life, with sites exceeding 2.0 m/s current and 1.0 m waves requiring special design measures to achieve 20-year design life. The findings provide quantitative tools for yaw mechanism decisions, inspection focusing, and design standards development.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to considers a test problem for Navier–Stokes solvers based on the flow around a cylinder at Reynolds numbers 500 and 1000, where the solution is observed to be periodic when the problem is sufficiently resolved. Computing the resulting flow is a challenge, even for exactly divergence-free discretization methods, when the scheme does not include sufficient numerical dissipation. Design/methodology/approach The authors examine the performance of the energy, momentum and angular momentum conserving (EMAC) formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations. This incorporates more physical conservation into the finite element method even when the numerical solution is not exactly divergence-free. Consequently, it has a chance to outperform standard methods, especially for long-time simulations. Findings The study finds that for lowest-order Taylor–Hood elements, EMAC outperforms the standard convective formulations. However, for higher-order elements, EMAC can become unstable on under-resolved meshes. Originality/value This paper presents new results for a challenging test case where accurate simulations over a long time-period are necessary. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the instability of EMAC for higher-order Taylor–Hood elements on coarse meshes has not been previously observed.

Abstract This paper conducts a numerical analysis of the sedimentation dynamics of two-dimensional rigid circular particles suspended in a power-law fluid flow within a computational channel. The fluid dynamics are represented by the power-law model, encompassing three specific flow conditions: shear-thinning (n = 0.9), Newtonian (n = 1), and shear-thickening (n = 1.1). The finite element technique (FEM) is integrated with the fictitious boundary method (FBM) to address the fluid-particle interaction issue. The particles, with radii R1 = 0.2 and R2 = 0.125, display intricate behaviors such as drafting, kissing, and tumbling (DKT) during sedimentation. The research investigates the influence of particle size and initial particle placement on their behavior in the fluid. Principal findings reveal that shear-thinning fluids (n < 1) precipitate faster particle interactions, heightened instability, and expedited transitions into the tumbling phase, whereas shear-thickening fluids (n > 1) enhance wake stability, resulting in delayed interactions and more gradual settling. The research underscores the importance of the power-law index in ascertaining the overall particle dynamics and fluid-particle interaction.
This research enhances the comprehension of particle movement in non-Newtonian fluids and has ramifications for diverse engineering applications, including sedimentation processes, fluid transport, and industrial processing. The simulations are performed using the FEATFLOW Software package which utilizes the finite element method (FEM) for the numerical solutions.

ABSTRACT Physics-informed data-driven (PIDD) modelling has attracted considerable attention across a wide range of disciplines. Our recent studies indicate that PIDD modelling provides a concise and elegant means of capturing soil behaviour directly from data. However, its feasibility in representing more complex soil responses requires further validation. PIDD computation also offers a promising alternative to the finite element method (FEM), though its capability in addressing multi-phase coupling problems remains to be enhanced. Moreover, its potential integration with field data – particularly for data assimilation and inverse analysis – holds significant promise. This paper provides a detailed discussion of PIDD modelling and computation in geotechnics. A novel thermodynamically consistent hierarchical learning framework is introduced for the automatic identification of internal variables and prediction of stress–strain responses in granular soils, followed by its integration with FEM to validate its applicability to boundary value problems. The discussion further extends to the development of a PIDD-based solver for canonical geotechnical problems, including one- and two-dimensional consolidation and footing analyses, as well as its application to inverse analysis. The paper concludes with a comprehensive summary of PIDD in geotechnics, offering insights into future directions for advancing this research area within the geotechnical community.

ABSTRACT Apart from remaining life and state-of-age assessments, reliable detection of deeply buried cracks in reformer tubes, important for petrochemical industries, is still challenging. In this work, a theoretical investigation was conducted to determine the electromagnetic response signals from a parallel, axially displaced (offset) rectangular coil positioned outside a two-layer tube, simulating an eddy current inspection of a reformer tube. The second-order vector potential (SOVP) formalism was adopted for this purpose, in which the SOVP is expressed using transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) potentials. The modal coefficients are inherently coupled, which leads to complex analytical expressions, especially for multi-layer tubes. To circumvent the complexities, we numerically treated the boundary conditions at each interface. This method enabled the discrete estimation of modal coefficients, which were then used to accurately predict the magnetic field signature and induced eddy currents. The results were validated against a finite element method (FEM) model. This work provides the necessary theoretical framework for a subsequent investigation into the response signals generated by circumferential cracks in the reformer tubes.

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) represents a promising and non-invasive technique for the characterisation of biological tissues, but its diagnostic performance strongly depends on the electrode configuration, system geometry, and electronic acquisition strategies. In this work, a three-dimensional model based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) is developed to investigate the detectability of epithelial neoplasms through optimised electrode excitation schemes. The adjacent and opposite configurations are systematically compared in terms of impedance contrast, spatial sensitivity, and neoplastic inclusion localisation capability. The simulations were implemented using an open-source finite element solver with heterogeneous multilayer tissue models. The results show that the configuration with opposite electrodes significantly improves impedance contrast and sensitivity in three-dimensional models, allowing for better detection of localised conductivity anomalies. The proposed approach contributes to the design of optimised EIT electronic systems for early and non-invasive screening applications of epithelial cancer.

Abstract The integration of linear motor and maglev technology enables contactless vehicle operation, laying the foundation for the speedup of rail transit. The high-temperature superconducting pinning (HTSP) maglev system is a passive levitation system, and its high-speed operation imposes explicit performance requirements on the traction system: a relatively large thrust to ensure high-speed traction capacity, a low normal force to avoid additional loads on the passive levitation system, and low thrust ripple to guarantee stable system operation. The ironless permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) meets all these demands, making it an ideal traction solution for HTSP high-speed maglev engineering. Focusing on the engineering application of HTSP maglev transportation, this paper takes the world’s first HTSP high-speed maglev engineering prototype’s ironless PMSLM as the research object, and investigates its electromagnetic characteristics based on actual prototype parameters. A finite element method (FEM) model is established to calculate the air-gap magnetic field and electromagnetic force, and a prototype test platform is built for experimental verification. Simulation and experimental results are in good agreement, verifying that the finite element model is reliable and accurate, and that the motor performance satisfies the system design requirements. Based on the validated model, the variation laws of electromagnetic parameters and the effects of key factors on electromagnetic force are clarified. The research results provide support for the collaborative design of traction-levitation-track systems and further promote the engineering application of HTSP maglev technology.