Finite Action Research Articles

Holographic stress tensor of colored Lifshitz spacetimes and hairy black holes

We compute the holographic stress tensor of colored Lifshitz spacetimes following the proposal by Ross-Saremi for gravity duals of non-relativistic theories. For a well-defined variational principle, we first construct a finite on-shell action for the Einstein-Yang-Mills model in four dimensions with Lifshitz spacetime as a solution. We then solve the linearised equations of motion and identify the modes that preserve the asymptotically Lifshitz condition. Employing these modes, we also show that the stress tensor is finite, obeying the scaling and the diffeomorphism Ward identities, i.e., conservations laws. As a final application, we evaluate the energy density and the spatial stress tensor of the previously found numerical black hole solutions with various dynamical exponents z. The alternative Smarr relation that has been used in Lifshitz black holes and the first law of thermodynamics are shown to hold without a global Yang-Mills charge, indicating the black holes in question are hairy.

Uniformly supported approximate equilibria in families of games

This paper considers uniformly bounded classes of non-zero-sum strategic-form games with large finite or compact action spaces. The central class of games considered is assumed to be defined via a semi-algebraic condition. We show that for each ɛ>0, the support size required for ɛ-equilibrium can be taken to be uniform over the entire class. As a corollary, the value of zero-sum games, as a function of a single-variable, is well-behaved in the limit. More generally, the result only requires that the collection of payoff functions considered, as functions of other players actions, have finite pseudo-dimension.

Fourier transforms on finite group actions and bent functions

Fourier transforms on finite group actions and bent functions

Consequences of the order of the limit of infinite spacetime volume and the sum over topological sectors for CP violation in the strong interactions

We derive correlation functions for massive fermions with a complex mass in the presence of a general vacuum angle. For this purpose, we first build the Green's functions in the one-instanton background and then sum over the configurations of background instantons. The quantization of topological sectors follows for saddle points of finite Euclidean action in an infinite spacetime volume and the fluctuations about these. For the resulting correlation functions, we therefore take the infinite-volume limit before summing over topological sectors. In contrast to the opposite order of limits, the chiral phases from the mass terms and from the instanton effects then are aligned so that, in absence of additional phases, these do not give rise to observables violating charge-parity symmetry. This result is confirmed when constraining the correlations at coincident points by using the index theorem instead of instanton calculus.

The KSBA compactification of the moduli space of D_{1,6}-polarized Enriques surfaces

We describe a compactification by stable pairs (also known as KSBA compactification) of the 4-dimensional family of Enriques surfaces which arise as the {mathbb {Z}}_2^2-covers of the blow up of {mathbb {P}}^2 at three general points branched along a configuration of three pairs of lines. Up to a finite group action, we show that this compactification is isomorphic to the toric variety associated to the secondary polytope of the unit cube. We relate the KSBA compactification considered to the Baily–Borel compactification of the same family of Enriques surfaces. Part of the KSBA boundary has a toroidal behavior, another part is isomorphic to the Baily–Borel compactification, and what remains is a mixture of these two. We relate the stable pair compactification studied here with Looijenga’s semitoric compactifications.

2D holography beyond the Jackiw-Teitelboim model

Having in mind extensions of 2D holography beyond the Jackiw-Teitelboim model we propose holographic counterterms and asymptotic conditions for a family of asymptotically AdS2 dilaton gravity models leading to a consistent variational problem and a finite on-shell action. We show the presence of asymptotic Virasoro symmetries in all these models. The Schwarzian action generates (a part) of the equations of motion governing the asymptotic degrees of freedom. We also analyse the applicability of various entropy formulae. By a dilaton-dependent conformal transformation our results are extended to an even larger class of models having exotic asymptotic behavior. We also analyse asymptotic symmetries for some other classes of dilaton gravities without, however, constructing holographic counterterms.

Instantons on multi-Taub-NUT spaces I: Asymptotic form and index theorem

We study finite action anti-self-dual Yang-Mills connections on the multi-Taub-NUT space. We establish the curvature and the harmonic spinors decay rates and compute the index of the associated Dirac operator. This is the first in a series of papers proving the completeness of the bow construction of instantons on multi-Taub-NUT spaces and exploring it in detail.

Instanton worldlines in five-dimensional \u03a9-deformed gauge theory

We discuss the Bosonic sector of a class of supersymmetric non-Lorentzian five-dimensional gauge field theories with an SU(1, 3) conformal symmetry. These actions have a Lagrange multiplier which imposes a novel Ω-deformed anti-self-dual gauge field constraint. Using a generalised ’t Hooft ansatz we find the constraint equation linearizes allowing us to construct a wide class of explicit solutions. These include finite action configurations that describe worldlines of anti-instantons which can be created and annihilated. We also describe the dynamics on the constraint surface.

C*-blocks and crossed products for classical p-adic groups

Abstract Let $G$ be a real or $p$-adic reductive group. We consider the tempered dual of $G$, and its connected components. For real groups, Wassermann proved in 1987, by noncommutative-geometric methods, that each connected component has a simple geometric structure which encodes the reducibility of induced representations. For $p$-adic groups, each connected component of the tempered dual comes with a compact torus equipped with a finite group action, and we prove that a version of Wassermann’s theorem holds true under a certain geometric assumption on the structure of stabilizers for that action. We then focus on the case where $G$ is a quasi-split symplectic, orthogonal or unitary group, and explicitly determine the connected components for which the geometric assumption is satisfied.

Dense locally finite subgroups of automorphism groups of ultraextensive spaces

We verify a conjecture of Vershik by showing that Hall's universal countable locally finite group can be embedded as a dense subgroup in the isometry group of the Urysohn space and in the automorphism group of the random graph. In fact, we show the same for all automorphism groups of known infinite ultraextensive spaces. These include, in addition, the isometry group of the rational Urysohn space, the isometry group of the ultrametric Urysohn spaces, and the automorphism group of the universal Kn-free graph for all n≥3. Furthermore, we show that finite group actions on finite metric spaces or some finite relational structures form a Fraïssé class, where Hall's group appears as the acting group of the Fraïssé limit. We also embed continuum many non-isomorphic universal countable locally finite groups into the isometry groups of various Urysohn spaces, and show that all dense countable subgroups of these groups are mixed identity free (MIF). Finally, we give a characterization of the isomorphism type of the isometry group of the Urysohn Δ-metric spaces in terms of the distance value set Δ.

Equivariant Lagrangian Floer cohomology via semi-global Kuranishi structures

Using a simplified version of Kuranishi perturbation theory that we call semi-global Kuranishi structures, we give a definition of the equivariant Lagrangian Floer cohomology of a pair of Lagrangian submanifolds that are fixed under a finite symplectic group action and satisfy certain simplifying assumptions.

A unified FFT-based approach to maximum assignment problems related to transitive finite group actions

This paper studies the cross-correlation of two real-valued functions whose common domain is a set on which a finite group acts transitively. Such a group action generalizes, e.g., circular time shifts for discrete periodic time signals or spatial translations in the context of image processing. Cross-correlations can be reformulated as convolutions in group algebras and are thus transformable into the spectral domain via Fast Fourier Transforms. The resulting general discrete cross-correlation theorem will serve as the basis for a unified FFT-based approach to maximum assignment problems related to transitive finite group actions. Our main focus is on those assignment problems arising from the actions of symmetric groups on the cosets of Young subgroups. The “simplest” nontrivial representatives of the latter class of problems are the NP-hard symmetric and asymmetric maximum quadratic assignment problem. We present a systematic spectral approach in terms of the representation theory of symmetric groups to solve such assignment problems. This generalizes and algorithmically improves Kondor's spectral branch-and-bound approach (SODA, 2010) to the exact solution of the asymmetric maximum quadratic assignment problem.

Partial C*-dynamics and Rokhlin dimension

AbstractWe develop the notion of the Rokhlin dimension for partial actions of finite groups, extending the well-established theory for global systems. The partial setting exhibits phenomena that cannot be expected for global actions, usually stemming from the fact that virtually all averaging arguments for finite group actions completely break down for partial systems. For example, fixed point algebras and crossed products are not in general Morita equivalent, and there is in general no local approximation of the crossed product$A\rtimes G$by matrices overA. Using decomposition arguments for partial actions of finite groups, we show that a number of structural properties are preserved by formation of crossed products, including finite stable rank, finite nuclear dimension, and absorption of a strongly self-absorbing$C^*$-algebra. Some of our results are new even in the global case.We also study the Rokhlin dimension of globalizable actions: while in general it differs from the Rokhlin dimension of its globalization, we show that they agree if the coefficient algebra is unital. For topological partial actions on spaces of finite covering dimension, we show that finiteness of the Rokhlin dimension is equivalent to freeness, thus providing a large class of examples to which our theory applies.

Equivariant Cartan homotopy formulae for the crossed product of DG algebra

We establish the equivariant Cartan homotopy formula for the crossed product of DG-algebra obtained by a finite group action.

Zero-sum semi-Markov games with a probability criterion

In this paper, we consider a semi-Markov zero-sum stochastic game with a general state and finite action spaces. The performance is analysed via a probability criterion. Under suitable assumptions, we establish the existence of the value of the game and also characterize it through an optimality equation. In the process, we also prescribe a saddle point equilibrium.

Transition Based Discount Factor for Model Free Algorithms in Reinforcement Learning

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an agent to learn control policies for achieving its long-term goals. One key parameter of RL algorithms is a discount factor that scales down future cost in the state’s current value estimate. This study introduces and analyses a transition-based discount factor in two model-free reinforcement learning algorithms: Q-learning and SARSA, and shows their convergence using the theory of stochastic approximation for finite state and action spaces. This causes an asymmetric discounting, favouring some transitions over others, which allows (1) faster convergence than constant discount factor variant of these algorithms, which is demonstrated by experiments on the Taxi domain and MountainCar environments; (2) provides better control over the RL agents to learn risk-averse or risk-taking policy, as demonstrated in a Cliff Walking experiment.

On finite state automaton actions of HNN extensions of free abelian groups

HNN extensions of free abelian groups are considered. For arbitrary prime $p$ it is introduced a class of such extensions that act by finite automaton permutations over an alphabet $ \mathsf{X} $ of cardinality $p$ and belong to $p$-Sylow subgroup of the group of automaton permutations over such $ \mathsf{X} $. As a corollary it implies that all corresponding HNN extensions are residually $p$-finite.

Congruences on the partial automorphism monoid of a free group action

We study congruences on the partial automorphism monoid of a finite rank free group action. We determine a decomposition of a congruence on this monoid into a Rees congruence, a congruence on a Brandt semigroup and an idempotent separating congruence. The constituent parts are further described in terms of subgroups of direct and semidirect products of groups. We utilize this description to demonstrate how the number of congruences on the partial automorphism monoid depends on the group and the rank of the action.

Risk-sensitive average continuous-time Markov decision processes with unbounded transition and cost rates

AbstractThis paper considers risk-sensitive average optimization for denumerable continuous-time Markov decision processes (CTMDPs), in which the transition and cost rates are allowed to be unbounded, and the policies can be randomized history dependent. We first derive the multiplicative dynamic programming principle and some new facts for risk-sensitive finite-horizon CTMDPs. Then, we establish the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the risk-sensitive average optimality equation (RS-AOE) through the results for risk-sensitive finite-horizon CTMDPs developed here, and also prove the existence of an optimal stationary policy via the RS-AOE. Furthermore, for the case of finite actions available at each state, we construct a sequence of models of finite-state CTMDPs with optimal stationary policies which can be obtained by a policy iteration algorithm in a finite number of iterations, and prove that an average optimal policy for the case of infinitely countable states can be approximated by those of the finite-state models. Finally, we illustrate the conditions and the iteration algorithm with an example.

Variance Penalized On-Policy and Off-Policy Actor-Critic

Reinforcement learning algorithms are typically geared towards optimizing the expected return of an agent. However, in many practical applications, low variance in the return is desired to ensure the reliability of an algorithm. In this paper, we propose on-policy and off-policy actor-critic algorithms that optimize a performance criterion involving both mean and variance in the return. Previous work uses the second moment of return to estimate the variance indirectly. Instead, we use a much simpler recently proposed direct variance estimator which updates the estimates incrementally using temporal difference methods. Using the variance-penalized criterion, we guarantee the convergence of our algorithm to locally optimal policies for finite state action Markov decision processes. We demonstrate the utility of our algorithm in tabular and continuous MuJoCo domains. Our approach not only performs on par with actor-critic and prior variance-penalization baselines in terms of expected return, but also generates trajectories which have lower variance in the return.