Ideological Field Research Articles

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ ЮРИДИЧЕСКОГО ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ

The article explores the theoretical and practical aspects of predictability of the future of legal systems based on legal forecasting as a direction of scientific activity, designed to for-mulate the importance of new vectors of legal development for the state, society and the indi-vidual. By combining general theoretic, axiological, personal and instrumental methodological means and expanding the ideological field of jurisprudence, legal forecasting contributes to the realization of social needs and state interests. The conversion of theoretical paradigms of legal forecasting into the practical sphere is ensured by the creation of predictive models of regulations and the development of concrete proposals concerning the modernization of legis-lation to the law-making bodies. At present, there is every reason to speak about the significant shortcomings in the field of legal forecasting both in Russia and worldwide. A clear confirmation of this thesis is the fact that despite the predictability of the coronavirus pandemic (before it was atypical pneumonia, avian influenza, Ebola), no state was ready for full legal regulation in the context of the pan-demic and did not think through the legal ways out of it. Operational law-making was con-ducted everywhere through trial and error, creating internally contradictory and insufficiently effective legal regimes, creating excessive restrictions on human rights and simply legislative confusion, sometimes bordering on absurdities. The haphazardness of the legislative process, which legal forecasting is intended to put a barrier to, is expressed among other things in the number of laws adopted. The existence of a significant number of reference rules, supplements and amendments, "changes to changes" manifold hampers the application of rules, while the development of conceptual draft laws is practically an exception. At the federal level, there is no legal forecasting as a direction of scientific support for lawmaking, and planning is limited to the draft laws submitted to the upcoming session of the State Duma. The situation is no better at the regional level. All this shows that the system of public administration does not in a due measure rely on the powerful predictive potential inherent in the nature of law and legal thought, which includes the understanding of the nature of law and its diverse manifestations in real public life. It follows that the concept of legal forecasting has a universal and timeless significance. It brings together all general theoretical, axiological, personal and instrumental methodological means and provides the conditions for obtaining reliable forecasts regarding the dynamics of legal and related political, economic, social and spiritual phenomena and processes.

А. Н. ГЛАГОЛЕВ НА ИДЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ ФРОНТЕ ИЗОБРАЗИТЕЛЬНОГО ИСКУССТВА КРЫМСКОЙ АССР (1928–1946)

The article describes the activities of Alexander Nikolaevich Glagolev, a Crimean artist who was the most prominent figure in the ideological field of the fine arts of the Crimean ASSR. Working first as an artist, and then as head of the illustration department of the newspaper «Red Crimea», he made every possible effort to implement state policy in all spheres of artistic life in Crimea. Since 1929, he has been developing an unprecedented activity for Crimea, hoping to «wrest artists from the state of dead apoliticality and switch them to serving the interests of the revolutionary proletariat», while educating a generation of young, ideologically literate artists. As the main platform for the implementation of his plans, A. N. Glagolev uses the newspaper «Red Crimea», on the pages of which not only his illustrations and cartoons appear, but also fairly large articles urging artists and photographers to be closer to socialist construction. His merits include the organization of an art exhibition dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the Sovietization of Crimea, the First All-Crimean Exhibition of Amateur Art, as well as an exhibition of professional and amateur artists in the Moscow State Museum of Oriental Cultures «Art of the Soviet Crimea». A. N. Glagolev was the founder and chairman of the Crimean Society of Revolutionary Artists «Izofront». He tried to provide support to representatives of amateur and national art.

The Social Meaning Potential of the Global English Based on Data from Different Communities

This paper describes the social value of the global English language as identified in the investigations of various communities worldwide and shows how the social meanings of English relate to each other in a broader ideological field universal for today’s locally global world. The notions of indexical field (Eckert 2008) and bivalent indexicality (Cotter, Valentinsson 2018) are applied in the analysis. The aim of the study is to synthesize results obtained by different researchers from different ideological and communicative contexts and to explore the indexical potential of English, including its local varieties and mixed speech styles. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of a corpus of secondary sources, consisting of a total of 74 scholarly publications from the Expanding Circle communities, which were published in English in 1990–2020 (most of them during the second decade of the 21st century).In total, more than 50 social meanings of the global English language have been identified. It is likely that the abundance of social associations with English is due to the strong first-order indexes. Hence, the social meanings were grouped into the following nine indexical categories based on the presumed first-order sociocultural indexicalities: British and American culture; International sphere; Technologies, science and education; Economic and social status; Personal capital; Youth; Popular culture and media; Urban sphere; and Male. Positive social meanings dominate the indexicalities, but for some of them, bivalent indexicality (presence of contradictory positive and negative values) has been recorded. Although there is much overlap between these relative categories, the constellation as a whole is interpreted as a complex of several separate and multivalent indexical fields. It is to be hoped that this study not only illustrates that the notion of indexical field is applicable for analysis of the imagined global community of users of English, but also provides a broader ideological context for further research of the social meaning-making potential of the global English language.

PRIVATIZACIÓN DE LAS CÁRCELES – O QUIÉN SE BENEFICIA DE ESTE...

El artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el proceso de privatización de las cárceles en los últimos 20 años, en el ámbito de la ideología de la “guerra contra las drogas” y su relación con el aumento significativo del encarcelamiento de la población, cuyo motivo, en definitiva, es la comercialización de penas. Se trata de un estudio bibliográfico con autores de criminología crítica. Como resultado, es evidente, especialmente en Brasil, la efectividad de las asociaciones público-privadas que sirven a los intereses ideológicos del capital, señalando la violación de los Derechos Humanos.

Os institutos liberais e a consolidação da hegemonia neoliberal na América Latina e no Brasil

Resumo Este artigo analisa as conexões entre o avanço da direita neoliberal nos países latino-americanos, notadamente no Brasil, e as redes de institutos liberais. Examina-se especificamente o think tanks estadunidense, Atlas Network, e as redes parceiras dessa organização que atuam na América Latina e no Brasil. Trata-se de um movimento profundamente articulado por essas redes em âmbito global, da batalha ideológica hayekiana de difusão da racionalidade neoliberal para legitimar e pavimentar o caminho da escalada desmensurada do capital que mercantiliza a sociedade e expropria brutalmente direitos e políticas sociais dos trabalhadores, mediante mudanças ortodoxas nos campos político, jurídico, ideológico e social.

Preconditions of the Baltic states’ foreign policy priorities formation in the period of their struggle for independence (1989–1991)

The foundations of many future policy directions, either domestic or foreign, were laid during the period, when Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia struggled for restoration of their national independence. As the factors that had the greatest impact on the formation of these states’ main foreign policy priorities, the article analyzes, firstly, the structure of movements for their national independence (on the basis of which the political elites of the Baltic states were formed), and, secondly, the role of external influence in the formation of their ideology of foreign policy. The author traces the transformation of the main political powers that formed the national independence movements of the three republics into system political parties of the Baltic states, reveals the gradual consolidation of the leadership of right­wing political forces in the field of national ideology and foreign policy, as well as the special activity of the diaspora in establishing international relations of the independence movements of Lithuanian, Latvia and Estonia and in the formation of ideas and concepts that determined the main goals of future foreign policy of the three states. In addition, the article highlights the stages of the independence movements’ of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia international relations development in 1989–1991.

Research on the Application of Computer Technology in the Innovation and Development of ideology and politics Education Theory Courses in Universities

In the field of ideology and politics education in colleges and universities, there is a trend of Internet-based education environment, educational objects, educational concepts and educational methods. How to make use of the advantages of Internet cross-border connection and innovation-driven to realize the innovation and upgrading of ideology and politics education in colleges and universities, and how to apply computer technology to ideology and politics education in colleges and universities has become an important issue facing the ideology and politics education in colleges and universities. In the perspective of "Internet +", the innovation of ideology and politics education in colleges and universities is conducive to enhancing the effectiveness of the carrier of ideology and politics education in colleges and universities, showing the subjectivity of ideology and politics education in colleges and universities, and enhancing the flexibility of the ways and means of ideology and politics education in colleges and universities[1-2]. However, in the current innovation, it still faces many difficulties. Based on the analysis of the current challenges, this paper studies the application of computer technology in ideology and politics education in colleges and universities, and puts forward an innovative path strategy for ideology and politics education in colleges and universities under the "Internet +" perspective.

Review on construction risk and development of risk management procedural index – A case study from Chennai construction sector

Abstract Construction risk management plays an important role in the area of buying and selling irrespective of measure, activity and organisation. Risk management is a field of ideology and uncertainty which depends on significant projects which vary from nation to nation. It is essential to decrease the losses faced by the firm and to increase the profit, which can be done to forecast and calculate the risk factors relevant to the construction practices on time. Therefore, the research aims to identify and categorise the types of risk factors associated in the Chennai construction industry by developing a cumulative value using Risk management procedural index. The methodology of the study is to examine and rank the types of risk factors disturbing the construction projects by distributing a questionnaire survey administered to participants such as consultant, contractors and client/developers in the major parts of Chennai. In the result, the proposed RMPI method gives a cumulative value which shows the percentage of risks contributed by the various factors and they are ranked in order of the weighted value. The conclusion of this paper gives a clear forecast to reduce the cost and times overrun, which improves the quality of the construction project. The top three risk factors identified by the RMPI for the Chennai sector are listed as management (∼15%), financial (∼12), and environmental (10%).

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ПЕСЕННОГО ФОЛЬКЛОРА ЧУВАШЕЙ В 20–30-е ГОДЫ XX ВЕКА: К ВОПРОСУ О «СОВЕТИЗАЦИИ» ТРАДИЦИОННОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

Новизна исследования заключается в том, что в работе продемонстрирован вариант интеграции чувашей в формирующуюся советскую культуру через трансформацию традиционного песенного творчества. «Советизация» чувашей, как и других народов, предполагалась как «ассимиляция советским обществом», с привлечением пропаганды и распространением образцов советской культуры. «Советизация» песенного фольклора чувашей негативно повлияла на аутентичную музыку. В 1930-х годах тексты народных песен, не переработанные в соответствии с новыми ориентирами, были признаны неактуальными и исчезли из репертуара профессиональных исполнителей. В условиях трансформации традиционной культуры «советизация» песенного фольклора чувашей представляла собой обоснованный и востребованный для своего времени процесс. Включение новых культурных форм и повседневных практик в традицию народа создало иной тип культуры – советский, элементы которого и сегодня наблюдаются в современной культуре чувашей.

Study on the North Korean Geography Textbooks of the Kim Jong-Un Era

North Korea’s education has been changed a lot when Kim Jong-Un taking power. This study is about textbooks among the changes in education in North Korea, and has been conducted mainly on geography textbooks used in high school. In Kim Jong-Un s period, the high school established Revolutionary History of Dear Sir Kim Jong-Un, an hour each week for three years. The period about Kim Jong-Un first appeared in Geography3, but the name of Kim Jong un was mentioned continuously in the textbook. The number of subjects and class hours in the field of political ideology learning these leadership activities has increased. In high school, geography textbooks consist of geography1, geography2, and geography3, and are assigned 1 hour per week for 3 years. Compared to Kim Jong-Il period, geography textbooks were printed in colour externally and the learning materials’ quantitative increase and qualitative improvement in content. In addition, there have been changes such as browsing and writing references, which reflects the leader s willingness to invest in education. The learning activities that were variously expressed in the existing geography textbooks were grouped using six picture symbols(icons), and attempts were made to improve the learning effect through linked learning with other subjects. In the future, research is needed to compare and understand each other, focusing on subjects commonly learned in the curriculum of South and North Korea. Through this study, if we grasp each other s teaching and learning categories and study the education system, the understanding between South and North Korea will be widened.

Ideology and Historical Concepts: the Evolution of Ideas about the Caucasian War in the XX – XXI Centuries

In the article, the authors attempted to consider changes in the general concept of the Caucasian war during the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries, depending on the political and ideological attitudes inherent in various historical stages. The key moments of this complex and ambiguous phenomenon are analyzed, which still cause heated discussions in science and society (name, dating, reasons, Caucasian muridism, problems of Muhajirism).It is indicated that historiography of the beginning of the twentieth century, as in the earlier period, did not dispute the legality of the establishment of Russian orders in the region. It is shown that in the Soviet period, the assessment of the movement of highlanders in the East and West Caucasus depended not only on a change in the historical paradigm, but also on a change in the general direction of state policy in the field of ideology (“national liberation struggle against tsarism”, “Shamil is a protege of Sultan Turkey and British colonialists","the struggle against the colonial policy of tsarism and against their own feudal lords"). Attention is drawn to the fact that the collapse of the USSR, the destruction of the Marxist concept of history, the development of national and separatist movements, the beginning of the Islamic revival in the North Caucasus contributed to the beginning of the active process of revising the assessments and events of the Caucasian War, which was the most striking event in the history of many peoples.The article concludes that, despite the abundance of work, scientists have not only yet to illuminate the little-studied aspects of the Caucasian war, but also to give an objective interpretation to many of its stages, based on scientific approaches, and not following political orders for the sake of one or another ideology.

“Zahra’s Uncle, or Where Are Men in Women’s War Stories?”

Abstract Scholarship in modern Arabic literary studies has treated the literature of the Lebanese Civil War, particularly novels written by women, in some depth. One of the most important texts used in both scholarship and teaching about this war is Ḥanān al-Shaykh’s Ḥikāyat Zahrah, translated as The Story of Zahra. This article focuses specifically on the one chapter in the novel narrated from the point of view of the protagonist’s uncle in order to explore how the English translation dramatically changes a number of elements in the original text. It uses insights from translation studies to show how significant changes to the novel in translation produce a text that serves particular ideological functions in English, consistent with a horizon of expectations that constructs Arab women as oppressed and passive victims of war. The article analyzes specific translation choices—most notably the extensive editing out of words, sentences, and passages—to demonstrate how the character of Zahrah’s uncle is changed in English and depicted as an unsavory and abusive man with little background, context, or history that would help the reader to better understand the character’s actions and motivations. It also shows how cutting out elements of the uncle’s story serves to depoliticize the text in English, divesting it of its local political context and changing its meaning and function as a novel about the Lebanese Civil War. The article is grounded in postcolonial, feminist translation studies, especially those dealing with Arabic fiction, to argue that the English-language novel The Story of Zahra functions within an ideological field that recycles stereotypes and tropes about Arab women. It will propose that the translation changes here depict Arab men against Arab women, rather than in relation to them, and subordinate the analysis of politics and communal relations to a more individual and individualized story of one exceptional woman.

Oswald Spengler’s “Pseudomorphosis” Concept and the Problem of Russian Religious Radicalism

On the basis of Oswald Spengler’s concept of “pseudomorphosis” the author of the article examines the problem of Russian religious radicalism as people’s response to the propagation in Russia of foreign Western civilization. He shows the unity of the ideological field of Russian religious radicalism that included both part of the Old Belief follows and the disciples of the inter-church movements of Khlysts and Skoptsy. The author reveals the similar character f the people’s spiritual reaction to the Westernizing reforms of Peter I and the reforms of the Bolsheviks.

Распад Австро-Венгерской монархии и исторические судьбы Трансильвании

Having its own state tradition, Transylvania, one of the Hungarian Crown Lands, was deprived of all the remnants of the former autonomy and integrated into a unitary Hungarian state due to the conclusion in 1867 of an agreement on the transformation of the Austrian Empire into a dual Austro-Hungarian monarchy. At the beginning of the 20th century the Romanian national movement of Transylvania was noticeably strengthened, becoming an important centrifugal factor in the Hungarian half of the Empire. As the crisis of the dual system deepened, it was increasingly oriented towards royal Romania and associated the embodiment of its national ideals with the unification of all Romanian lands, which could only be realized on the ruins of the Habsburg monarchy. Following the results of the First World War, which caused the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Transylvania, by the will of the victorious powers, became an integral part of Romania. Hungarian political opinion extremely painfully perceived the loss of this region, which was closely connected with Hungary by economic and cultural ties. The policy of the Horthy regime, aimed at the revision of the Treaty of Trianon, including the return of Transylvania, enjoyed the widest support in the society. The Transylvanian dispute between Hungary and Romania took a special place among the permanent conflicts originated in the imperfect Versailles system, fraught with new threats to the fragile balance of forces established in the interwar Europe. The coming of the Nazis to power in Germany in 1933 and the approach of a new war translated the revisionist goals from the field of ideology and propaganda into the sphere of practical politics. With the Anschluss of Austria and the dismemberment of Czechoslovakia, the Versailles system was blown up, which opened up prospects for revising the Transylvanian problem. Having transferred the Northern Transylvania to Hungary in August 1940 with a promise to compensate for Romania’s loss at the expense of the territory of the USSR, Hitler tied both of his satellites tightly to the Third Reich. Settlement of the Transylvanian question became possible only in the bipolar Yalta-Potsdam system, when both Hungary and Romania entered the sphere of influence of the USSR.

A study of Locke#039;s thought of pluralism and unity

Britain is a typical island country surrounded by water. Britain's three islands are small in area and small in population, but they once led the world trend and opened up the modernization of human society. Politically, it established the first constitutional monarchy in the history of the world; economically, it was the first to adopt machine production for industrial revolution; in its strongest period, its land area once spread all over the world known as the "empire of the sun". One of the important factors for Britain to rise from a small bullet country in a corner to a world-class power is the emergence of a large number of thinkers, politicians and scientists. John Locke is one of the best, at the same time, he is also a big influence. Locke's theory of thought not only has a profound impact on Britain, but also on the whole world. Until now, people can still find the shadow of Locke's thought in many countries. John Locke (1632-1704) is a great British philosopher and politician. Locke was born in the early period of British modernization. At that time, the British political field had undergone profound and dramatic changes, which belonged to the casting stage of the British modern country. At the same time, this period also cast Locke's unique ideological system. People understand his main thoughts through his three major works on" human understanding", "letters on religious tolerance" and" the two chapters on government", in particular, "the two chapters on government" can best reflect his main ideas. Locke himself is also regarded as an important founder of modern political theory and liberalism philosophy. There are also many research papers on Locke's thought, most of which focus on the discussion of one of his ideological fields, such as Locke's property rights, the separation of powers in Locke's political field, and the comparison of British thinkers' thoughts in the same period. These research results play an important role in helping researchers to study Locke's thoughts deeply. But if researchers put all of Locke's philosophical thoughts together, Locke and his thoughts are not as simple as people think, and his various thoughts are not as clear as scholars' division. As far as Locke is concerned, he is full of many contradictions, opposites and unity, and his own contribution to thought is not limited to a single liberalism, but more to the balance and development of pluralism and unity.

Образы любви, войны и моды в идейно-смысловом поле творчества Т. И. Плотниковой

В статье рассматривается эстетически-нравственная основа творчества барнаульской поэтессы и художницы Т.И. Плотниковой. Акценты ставятся на образах войны, любви и моды. Дается представление об особенностях графики Т.И. Плотниковой. Мягкость и размытость точечной техники органично воплощает сюжеты и образы рисунков, которые носят обобщенный и символический характер. Детали метафоричны и служат наиболее полному воплощению идеи, заключенной в образе. Сочетание подлинного реализма с волшебством романтических ощущений придает творчеству Т. Плотниковой особую выразительность, а некоторая наивность в поэтических, графических образах делают ее художественную стилистику своеобразной и поистине неповторимой. В творчестве Тамары Плотниковой транслируются всепоглощающие образы любви в стремлении друг к другу, чем передается авторское уважение к человеку, выявляется его достоинство, благоговение перед природой. В ее стихах, графике и живописи образы любви высвечивают ценность личности любящего, направленную на ценность личности объекта любви. Ибо любящий дает любимому новое измерение своей сущности – быть «для него». Любовь для личности является дополнением к ее ценности, приданием смысла ее бытию.

Процессы идеологизации и деидеологизации в русском религиозном словаре

The paper is focused on studying the changing fragments of the Russian picture of the world documented in lexicographic sources of the Soviet era and the post-Soviet period, as well as in contemporary discourse. There are “eternal” concepts in the ideological field of society, reflected in the lexicon of native speakers as ideologemes. These lexemes represent the value system of a particular confession, social group, etc. It is this lexical layer that most acutely responds to socio-economic and political changes in society. The authors analyze the dynamic processes of a pragmatically marked fragment of a dictionary (religious vocabulary) during the 20th – early 21st centuries. The starting point is D. N. Ushakov’s Russian Explanatory Dictionary, which provides a thorough representation of religious lexicon, with interpretations determined by the ideological context of 1930–1940. Today, the strong and weak points of describing the lexicon, that was “alien” for the Soviet period, are obvious. The analysis of vocabulary and corpus data allows us to formulate a hypothesis about the emergence of ambivalent (positive and negative) connotations in the lexical array, which has recently been interpreted as neutral by dictionaries. Thus, when filled with new pragmatic content and reflecting significant changes in the socio-political life of society, the semantics of a religious word, as ideologically marked during a century, changes its connotative halo several times. The ideological and related evaluative components reflect one of the most controversial fragments of the linguistic picture of the world in modern Russia.

On some aspects of political theology in the early articles of arch-priest Dumitru Staniloae

Журнал «Вопросы теологии» — международный академический журнал по теологии. Журнал ориентирован на развитие всех направлений и областей, входящих в исследовательскую отрасль «Теология», прежде всего в том варианте, в каком она развивается в светских вузах и научно-исследовательских структурах, а также в духовных академиях.

Research on National Security Cognition Level of College Students in the New Era

At present, the holistic view of national security education has the characteristics of marginalization, fragmentation of content and formalization of implementation. The situation of security education is not optimistic. In order to cope with the risks and challenges of foreign hostile forces penetrating into the ideological field of our country better, ensure the security and stability of our country in the critical and tackling period, it has become an urgent issue of the times to focus on the development level, existing problems and cultivation path of the holistic view of national security of the young people in the new era. However, at present, the research on the youth's holistic view of national security based only on the dimension of "country", "construction" and "cognition" is somewhat monotonous, and there are few studies on the measurement system from the macro (country) to the micro (cognition) level. Scholars conducted empirical research on the cognition and identity of college students from different perspectives of national security, and use basic statistical tools to analyze the internalization status of college students' holistic view of national security. All of them show that college students' security awareness is weak. But specifically, which level of cognition has the problem, what are the influencing factors, there is no systematic and comprehensive answer. The fusion analysis based on national security, psychology and statistics will give a better answer to this problem.

Theather Association of The Religious Groups in Yogyakarta During 1960s

This research focuses on the dynamics of theaters based on religious groups (Teater Muslim, Starka, Teater KristenTeater Kristen and Sthemka) in Yogyakarta, which initially adopted realist theater and then turned into an experimental theater, from the 1950s to the 1960s. The 1950s was a time when realism exploded in Indonesian theater. Whereas the 1960s was a period when theater groups began to adapt new forms and were called the experimental theater period. For this reason, this research takes place in the 1950s to 1960s. To cover the idea of writing, research uses the theory of dramaturgy from Erving Goffman which has the view that interaction between humans is like a play of drama determined by space, time, and audience. Based on this view the theater is oriented towards religious groups understood to contest each other to present (presentations) themselves) in the fields of ideology, experimental works, and market changes.