Field Test Application Research Articles

LSTM Recurrent Neural Network Based Method for Identification of PDC Drill Bit Operating Conditions and Its Application

Abstract PDC drill bit underground operating conditions identification is one of of the difficulties during the drilling operation. It is of great significant for the drilling improvement and accurate construction formation to accurately identify the complex operating conditions during drilling the operation such as PDC bit wearing and stick-slip vibration, etc. In this paper, data of relationship between torque, rate of penetration (ROP) signal and weight on bit (WOB), rev were obtained through lab simulation experiment, after which, a relationship database of torque, ROP signal and WOB, rev was established, a single-layer LSTM recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN) was constructed, the number of neurons, batch size and optimizer type of LSTM layer were optimized. With BPTT algorithm, LSTM model was trained and tested on the training set containing 6000 groups of data, and achieved the goal of identifying the bit operation conditions against the input of WOB, torque, rev and ROP signal parameters. Based on this model, the PDC bit underground operating conditions identification software was compiled, and was connected to the logging unit to realize real-time identification of bit underground operating conditions, and field test application was successfully carried out in Mahu 1 Well Region. The research showed that the convergence speed was fast and the time cost was at the lowest when the number of neurons of LSTM model was 50, and that the optimized Adam optimizer model could meet the requirements of convergence speed and prediction accuracy with the lowest loss value. The classification accuracy of this model on the test set reached 94% and the accuracy of the prediction method was also verified by field test application. To sum up, the method of LSTM-RNN based PDC bit underground operating conditions real-time identification can better meet the requirements of accurate identification of PDC bit underground operating conditions in the practical drilling, and has guiding significance for the judgement of PDC bit operating conditions on site and formulation of scientific construction decisions.

All-in-One Electrokinetic Strategy Coupled with a Miniaturized Chip for SERS Detection of Multipesticides.

Complexed and tiresome pretreatment processes have significantly impeded in-field analysis of environmental specimens. Herein, an all-in-one sample separation and enrichment strategy based on a compact charge-selective capture/nanoconfined enrichment (CSC/NCE) device is exploited for marker-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of charged pesticides in matrix specimens. This tactic incorporating in situ separations, seizing, and nanoconfined enhancement can greatly elevate the effectiveness of sample pretreatment. Importantly, CSC/NCE with excellent adsorption performances and excellent plasmonic features facilitates concentration and signal amplification of electrically charged pesticides. With the introduction of an electric field on this integrated CSC/NCE, the matrix effect in samples could be significantly eradicated, and a distinct SERS response is witnessed for targeted analytes. Accurate quantification of multipesticides is achieved by synergizing the CSC/NCE chip and chemometrics, and the contents found by the CSC/NCE-based sensing strategy agree with those obtained from chromatography assays with relative deviations lower than 10%. The facile and versatile all-in-one tactic infused in a compact chip exhibits enormous potential for field-test application in chemical measurement and food safety.

Preface

PROCEEDINGS OF THE AIVELA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS BY LASER AND NONCONTACT TECHNIQUES ANCONA, 21-23 JUNE 2023 Since October 1994 the AIVELA Conference on Vibration Measurements by Laser Techniques established itself as the international forum where research ideas and technological innovation on Laser Vibrometry were presented and exchanged. Ancona, an ancient and fascinating Italian town situated on the Adriatic coast, became the biennial destination of the international laser vibrometry community.The event was initially focused on Vibration Measurements by Laser Techniques and it immediately met large consensus among the International Research Community. In 2010 the Scientific Committee decided to widen the topics of the Conference by also including other noncontact techniques and the name of the event was changed to International Conference on Vibration Measurements by Laser and Noncontact Techniques. The Conference aims at creating an active and stimulating forum where current research results and technical advances can be exchanged and the development of new systems for laboratory use, field testing and industrial application can be promoted. For this reason, experts in vibration and acoustics, manufacturers and authorities in the field of optical and non-invasive instrumentation and industrial users of such measurement devices have come from all over the world to present their activities and innovative approaches to vibration measurements.The 2023 edition of the event (the 15th edition) was organised in collaboration with the Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences of Università Politecnica delle Marche and was held in Ancona, Italy.The Conference featured• the Invited lecture “High-speed camera-based structural identification beyond 1/100.000th of a pixel”, delivered by Prof. Janko Slavič, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia”;• the Invited lecture “Novel Three-dimensional Continuous Scanning Laser Vibrometry for Structures with Arbitrarily Curved Surfaces and Novel Zero-contact Rotating Structure Vibration Measurement”, delivered by Prof. Weidong Zhu, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA;• the Invited lecture “Combining LDV with flying and moving platforms for flexible measurements on large structures: Joint research of TU Clausthal and the DLR”, delivered by Prof. Christian Rembe, TU Clausthal, Germany;• the Invited lecture “The role of experimental dynamics in an era of Artificial Intelligence”, delivered by Prof. Dario Di Maio, University of Twente, The Netherlands;• 40 papers organised into 12 Technical Sessions, one of which entirely devoted to the EU funded project “H2020 Marie Sklowska Curie project ECO-DRIVE”;• a session entirely devoted to manufacturers’ presentations;• a session dedicated to the late Prof. David J. Ewins.The papers presented were all of high scientific quality and dealt with different measurement techniques, including Continuous Scanning LDV, Digital Image Correlation, Three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation, Laser Doppler Interferometry, Laser Vibrometry, Optical Sensors, Vision Based Techniques, to cite a few.An Exhibition was also organised in conjunction with the Conference, to offer leading manufacturers of laser vibrometer systems, non-contact instrumentation, systems for vibroacoustic testing, etc., the opportunity to bring their products directly to the attention of a selected audience.Most presentations were plenary. However, two parallel sessions were organised. The Invited lectures and tutorials were assigned a time slot of about 40-50 minutes each, including possible discussion and Q&As at the end of the presentations, whereas the speakers had 15 mins each for their presentations followed by 5 mins for possible discussion and Q&As.65 participants attended the event, 26 from Italy, 16 from Germany, 7 from Belgium, 4 from the USA, 2 from Slovenia, 1 from Australia, 1 from China, 1 from Cyprus, 1 from the Czech Republic, 1 from France, 1 from Lithuania, 1 from the Netherlands, 1 from Poland, 1 from Sweden and 1 from the UK.The official language of the Meeting was English.No particular technical difficulty was encountered.This volume contains a selection of the papers presented at the Conference. The detailed Programme, together with other interesting information on the event, may be found online at: https://www.aivela.org/15th_conference/.I wish to thank each and every participant for their valuable contribution to the successful outcome of the event.I wish to thank particularly Prof. Christian Rembe, Clausthal University of Technology, Germany, and Prof. Lei Shao, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, for developing the session on “HIGH-FREQUENCY LDV”, and Prof. C. Niezrecki, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA, for developing the session on VISION BASED TECHNIQUES.

Proceedings of the XXX A.I.VE.LA. Annual National Meeting

15-16 December 2022, Rome, Italyhttps://www.aivela.org/xxx_meeting/A.I.VE.LA. – the Italian Association of Laser Velocimetry and non-invasive diagnostics is a non-profit cultural association whose objective is to promote and support research in the field of non-contact or minimally invasive measurement techniques, particularly of electromagnetic-based and optical techniques.Through its Annual Meeting, AIVELA aims at creating an active and stimulating forum where current research results and technical advances can be exchanged and the development of new systems for laboratory use, field testing and industrial application can be promoted. The techniques addressed include Laser Doppler Anemometry – LDA, Phase Doppler Anemometry – PDA, Image Velocimetry – PIV, Flow visualization techniques, Spectroscopic measurement techniques (LIF, Raman, etc.), Laser Doppler Vibrometry – LDV, Speckle Pattern Interferometry – ESPI, Holographic techniques, Shearography, Digital Image Correlation – DIC, Moiré techniques, Structured light techniques, Infrared imaging, Photoelasticity, Image based measurement techniques, Ultrasonic sensing, Acoustic and Aeroacoustic measurements, etc.The first Annual Meeting was held back in October 1992 and, since then, the event has met large consensus among the research and scientific communities worldwide for the high scientific interest of the papers presented.The XXX AIVELA Annual National Meeting was organised in collaboration with Niccolò Cusano University and was held in Rome, Italy.The Programme featured 2 Invited lectures, 4 tutorials by instrumentation manufacturers, 19 papers organised into 5 Technical Sessions, and a session entirely dedicated to manufacturers.All presentations were plenary. The Invited lecturers had respectively 30 and 40 minutes each to deliver their talks, including possible discussion and Q&As at the end of their presentations, manufacturers had about 40 minutes each for the tutorials, including possible discussion and Q&As at the end of their presentations, whereas the speakers had 15 mins each followed by 5 mins for possible discussion and Q&As.35 participants attended the event. Most of them were from Italy, since it was the Association’s National event, but there was also one attendee from the Netherlands and one from Australia.The official language of the Meeting was English.This volume contains a selection of the papers presented at the event.The full Programme of the Meeting can be found at:https://www.aivela.org/xxx_meeting/.Trusting our Association and its initiatives will meet your interest, I wish to thank you in advance for your kind attention and hope to meet you soon at one of our events.List of Scientific Committee, Invited Lecturers are available in this Pdf.

Design and Fabrication of Flexible Paper-Based, Electrochemical Sensors to Detect the Presence of Heavy Metals in Ground Water

The history of mining and mineral extraction across the Navajo Nation has resulted in considerable contamination of the land and the groundwater resources, which is a significant environmental concern. Through a partnership between Navajo Technical University and Harvard University, we have designed and fabricated flexible, paper-based sensors in tandem with electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and anodic stripping voltammetry to determine heavy metal concentrations in test samples. We have selected to fabricate paper-based electrochemical sensors because; they are low-cost, easy to make, environmentally friendly, and can be deployed for field testing across the Navajo Nation. Furthermore, the linear electrochemical response and sensitivity of these electrodes, for detecting heavy metals, makes them well suited for real-time sensors in field-testing applications.

Establishing the energy content of natural gas residential consumption : example with Belgian field-test applications

In the context of the much-needed energy transition, monitoring of residential energy appliances is more and more common in order to evaluate (and improve) their field-test performance in real applications. Many residential heating appliances use natural gas as energy source : residential gas boilers, gas engine heat pumps, gas absorption heat pumps; fuel cell-based cogeneration units, internal combustion engine cogeneration units, etc. Unfortunately, for simplicity and costs reasons, only the volume of the consumed natural is measured at the inlet of the monitored residential heating appliance. This volume, and the equivalent energy level that it contains and that is required for efficiency calculations, is affected by the atmospheric pressure and the temperature at the field-test site, as well as by the always varying natural gas composition. This paper demonstrates the method that has been used in Belgian field-test studies conducted on residential heating appliances to establish the energy content of the consumed natural gas.

Progress and prospect of carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage in CNPC oilfields

The development history of carbon capture, utilization and storage for enhanced oil recovery (CCUS-EOR) in China is comprehensively reviewed, which consists of three stages: research and exploration, field test and industrial application. The breakthrough understanding of CO2 flooding mechanism and field practice in recent years and the corresponding supporting technical achievements of CCUS-EOR project are systematically described. The future development prospects are also pointed out. After nearly 60 years of exploration, the theory of CO2 flooding and storage suitable for continental sedimentary reservoirs in China has been innovatively developed. It is suggested that C7–C15 are also important components affecting miscibility of CO2 and crude oil. The mechanism of rapid recovery of formation energy by CO2 and significant improvement of block productivity and recovery factor has been verified in field tests. The CCUS-EOR reservoir engineering design technology for continental sedimentary reservoir is established. The technology of reservoir engineering parameter design and well spacing optimization has been developed, which focuses on maintaining miscibility to improve oil displacement efficiency and uniform displacement to improve sweep efficiency. The technology of CO2 capture, injection and production process, whole-system anticorrosion, storage monitoring and other whole-process supporting technologies have been initially formed. In order to realize the efficient utilization and permanent storage of CO2, it is necessary to take the oil reservoir in the oil-water transition zone into consideration, realize the large-scale CO2 flooding and storage in the area from single reservoir to the overall structural control system. The oil reservoir in the oil-water transition zone is developed by stable gravity flooding of injecting CO2 from structural highs. The research on the storage technology such as the conversion of residual oil and CO2 into methane needs to be carried out.

Field PMU Test and Calibration Method—PartII: Test Signal Identification Methods and FieldTest Applications

Synchrophasor measurement units (PMUs) provide synchronized measurement data for wide-area applications. To improve the effectiveness of synchrophasor-based applications, field PMUs must be tested to ensure their performance and data quality. In the companion paper (Part I), we proposed a field PMU test and calibration framework consisting of a PMU calibrator and analysis center. Part I presents the development and test of the PMU calibrator. This paper focuses on the analysis center and field test applications. First, the critical component of the analysis center is the signal identification module, for which the step and oscillation signal identification methods are proposed. Here, the performance evaluation criteria of PMU in these two cases are different from others. The methods include a step signal detection method based on singular value decomposition (SVD), which has the capability of weak step detection to account for energy leakage of the signal during the step process, and an oscillation signal identification method based on SVD and fast Fourier transform, which can accurately extract oscillation components that benefit from the adaptive threshold setting method. Second, the analysis center software is implemented based on identification results. By integrating the PMU calibrator in Part I with the analysis center in Part II, we can examine in depth the field PMU test applications in three test scenarios, including standard, playback, and field signal test. Results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed field PMU test methods from both Parts I and II.

Investigation of deformations of ballasted railway track during collapse using the Digital Image Correlation Method (DICM)

This paper summarizes the results of laboratory tests in which the authors investigated the effects of extremely high vertical load to a railway track segment. The segment consisted of a cut concrete sleeper (contact area: 290×390 mm) with a pair of direct-elastic rail fasteners; the sleeper pieces had a standard, full height; the structure had a typical 350 mm depth railway ballast, underneath approx. 200 mm sandy gravel supplementary layer. The whole assembly was built in a 2.00×2.20 m area wooden rack. The deformations due to the approx. 150 kN static concentrated vertical force were measured and recorded by Digital Image Correlation Method (DICM), ensuring the GOM ATOS technology. The 150 kN peak load meant 1326 kPa vertical stress at the sleeper-ballast interface. The 3D geometry was scanned before the loading and after the collapse. In this way, the comparison was able to be executed. The maximum vertical deformation was 115 mm. The DICM technique is a relatively new methodology in civil engineering; however, it has been applied for more than ten years in mechanical engineering. Therefore, the authors investigated the applicability of DICM in this field. As a result, the pre and the post-states were determined in 3D. The displacement of the ballast particles was able to be defined with the possibility of drawing the displacement trajectories of given points. The DICM can be a valuable methodology in railway engineering, e.g., laboratory tests and field test applications.

Monitoring of low-voltage grids using artificial neural networks and its field test application based on the beeDIP-platform

Cost-effective operation of low-voltage (LV) grids with the increasing share of distributed generators, electric vehicles, and associated volatility and unpredictability requires novel operational management strategies from the distribution system operators. To reduce the cost for grid reinforcements, monitoring of the distribution grids is of crucial importance. However, reliable measurement of the entire LV grid is economically rather impractical since it would require a very high density of measuring instruments, of which there are only very few in LV grids today. Thus, we need suitable grid monitoring methods that provide sufficiently accurate results even with a relatively low density of direct measurements. For this paper, we applied artificial neural networks (ANN)-based grid state estimation method, which has already been successfully used for medium-voltage grid monitoring, to LV grids. The performance of the ANN-based method for different measurement configurations is investigated in simulations with SimBench LV grids and is currently researched in a field test based on the beeDIP-Platform within a German suburban grid.

Evaluation indicators of saturation on partially saturated sand induced by microbial gas

The induced partial saturation (IPS) technique introduces a certain amount of air/gas into soil voids to mitigate sand liquefaction. The microbial desaturation method utilises biological metabolic processes which are good for environmental protection and disaster prevention. Real time monitoring and quantitative analysis of the saturation after microbial bubble generation are the first step in the field application of the IPS method. In this study, shear wave velocity measurements were taken using the pre-vibration technique through an array of accelerometers at different depths on the basis of shaking table model tests. The shear wave velocity was obtained during the desaturation of microbial gas production. The arrival time of the first wave peak increased and the shear wave velocity decreased with the decreasing saturation. The shear wave velocity decreased with the saturation, and the rate of shear wave velocity decreased when the degree of saturation reduced to 90 %. This result indicates that the shear wave speed is effective as an indicator of saturation in microbial gas production. The shear wave velocity decreases with the saturation, and the relationship between the two satisfies the exponential functions. A quantitative relationship was established between the saturation and shear wave velocity during microbial gas production. The maximum shear modulus decreases with the saturation during the gas production process. Meanwhile, the relationship between shear wave velocity and resistivity was established using resistivity meters. The resistivity value decreases with the degree of saturation. The power function relationship between resistivity and saturation was satisfied in this experiment. The explicit analysis of the saturation data at each point in the desaturation method has significant research value for field trials using high-density electrical resistivity tomography. The research results obtained in this experiment can help in the quantitatively analysis of the uniformity and effectiveness of bubble distribution in the field test application of the microbial desaturation method and provide a basis for the engineering application of the microbial desaturation method in field tests.

Design and Fabrication of Flexible Paper-Based, Electrochemical Sensors to Detect the Presence of Heavy Metals in Ground Water

The history of mining and mineral extraction across the Navajo Nation has resulted in considerable contamination of the land and the groundwater resources, which is a significant environmental concern. Through a partnership between Navajo Technical University and Harvard University, we have designed and fabricated flexible, paper-based sensors in tandem with electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and anodic stripping voltammetry to determine heavy metal concentrations in test samples. We have selected to fabricate paper-based electrochemical sensors because; they are low-cost, easy to make, environmentally friendly, and can be deployed for field testing across the Navajo Nation. We have demonstrated that our electrodes have successfully oxidized lead and arsenic oxide using the techniques stated above. The performance of our electrode is comparable to commercially available electrochemical sensors. Furthermore, the linear electrochemical response and sensitivity of our electrodes, for detecting heavy metals, makes them well suited for real-time sensors in field-testing applications.

Preface

PROCEEDINGS OF THE XXIX A.I.VE.LA. ANNUAL NATIONAL MEETING 16-17 December 2021, ONLINE EVENThttp://www.aivela.org/XXIX_Meeting/index.htmlA.I.VE.LA. – the Italian Association of Laser Velocimetry and non-invasive diagnostics is a non-profit cultural association whose objective is to promote and support research in the field of non-contact or minimally invasive measurement techniques, particularly of electromagnetic-based and optical techniques.Through its Annual Meeting, AIVELA aims at creating an active and stimulating forum where current research results and technical advances can be exchanged and the development of new systems for laboratory use, field testing and industrial application can be promoted. The techniques addressed include Laser Doppler Anemometry – LDA, Phase Doppler Anemometry – PDA, Image Velocimetry – PIV, Flow visualization techniques, Spectroscopic measurement techniques (LIF, Raman, etc.), Laser Doppler Vibrometry – LDV, Speckle Pattern Interferometry – ESPI, Holographic techniques, Shearography, Digital Image Correlation – DIC, Moiré techniques, Structured light techniques, Infrared imaging, Photoelasticity, Image based measurement techniques, Ultrasonic sensing, Acoustic and Aeroacoustic measurements, etc.The first Annual Meeting was held back in October 1992 and, since then, the event has met large consensus among the research and scientific communities worldwide for the high scientific interest of the papers presented.List of Editor, Scientific Committee and Invited Lecturers are available in this pdf.

Adapted tracer gas test for passive measurement of total air change rates using alternative tracer substance

This paper describes the development of a new adaptation of the traditional tracer gas test (TGT) used for total air change rates (ACH) measurement. This adapted TGT, based on constant tracer injection, is intended for use in large-scale IAQ assessments and employs an alternative tracer gas that is more adequate than the currently employed SF6 and perfluorocarbons, and that can be co-captured and co-analyzed with commonly assessed VOCs by commercial passive IAQ-sampling. As it is based on passive sampling, the proposed TGT yields long-term integrated ACH values, and is thus indicated only for studies focused on characterizations based on average estimations rather than on analyses requiring fine temporal resolution. By means of literature study and lab experiments, decane-D22 was selected as a suitable tracer substance. The selected tracer was shown not to adhere/absorb significantly to surfaces. A passive source of decane-D22 was selected and optimized in lab, providing stable and repeatable emission rates unaffected by varying RH and ACH. An exponential prediction curve was derived for determining the source emission rate from the average room temperature. Moreover, a range of adequate levels of liquid tracer inside the source is suggested. A successful field test application for validation of the new TGT is also described.

Metamaterial Integrated Rectangular Waveguide With EM-Wave Localization for Dielectric & Moisture Estimation of Soil

This paper presents the methodology of EM-field localization in rectangular waveguide using dual layer metamaterial interface for sampling different soil samples. The prototype design consists of WR229 waveguide in which array of metamaterial unit-cell is loaded. A sample loading cell is created in the waveguide where two MTM array layers are kept at $\lambda _{g}/4$ spacing with respect to coaxial feed probe. The metamaterial unit-cell has two open-ring resonators connected with a short stub, and it helps to create a stronger localized resonance in the waveguide. This enables stronger EM field penetration into the soil sample that is under test. The fabricated device has dual resonance at 2.284 GHz and 3.091 GHz. The dielectric characterization of different dry-soil samples like black soil, silt soil, red soil and sand soil is presented. The applicability of the proposed device is also demonstrated for moisture analysis of soil samples with water content ranging from 2% to 14 %. The proposed device yields lower percentage error in extracting the dielectric constant values of the test soil samples. The on-field measurement of the soil sample which is extracted from different depths of soil surface is also presented and analyzed for dielectric estimation. The proposed device can be used in agriculture field testing application for testing properties of soil like dielectric constant and moisture level.

Preface

PROCEEDINGS OF THE AIVELA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS BY LASER AND NONCONTACT TECHNIQUES ANCONA, 28- 29 JUNE 2021 Since October 1994 the AIVELA Conference on Vibration Measurements by Laser Techniques established itself as the international forum where research ideas and technological innovation on Laser Vibrometry were presented and exchanged. Ancona, an ancient and fascinating Italian town situated on the Adriatic coast, became the biennial destination of the international laser vibrometry community.The event was initially focused on Vibration Measurements by Laser Techniques and it immediately met large consensus among the International Research Community. In 2010 the Scientific Committee decided to widen the topics of the Conference by also including other noncontact techniques and the name of the event was changed to International Conference on Vibration Measurements by Laser and Noncontact Techniques. The Conference aims at creating an active and stimulating forum where current research results and technical advances can be exchanged and the development of new systems for laboratory use, field testing and industrial application can be promoted. For this reason, experts in vibration and acoustics, manufacturers and authorities in the field of optical and non- invasive instrumentation and industrial users of such measurement devices have come from all over the world to present their activities and innovative approaches to vibration measurements.List of Editor are available in this pdf.

Preface

PROCEEDINGS OF THE XXVIII A.I.VE.LA. ANNUAL NATIONAL MEETING17-18 December 2020, ONLINE EVENThttp://www.aivela.org/XXVIII_Meeting/index.htmlA.I.VE.LA. – the Italian Association of Laser Velocimetry and non-invasive diagnostics is a non-profit cultural association whose objective is to promote and support research in the field of non-contact or minimally invasive measurement techniques, particularly of electromagnetic-based and optical techniques.Through its Annual Meeting, AIVELA aims at creating an active and stimulating forum where current research results and technical advances can be exchanged and the development of new systems for laboratory use, field testing and industrial application can be promoted. The techniques addressed include Laser Doppler Anemometry – LDA, Phase Doppler Anemometry – PDA, Image Velocimetry – PIV, Flow visualization techniques, Spectroscopic measurement techniques (LIF, Raman, etc.), Laser Doppler Vibrometry – LDV, Speckle Pattern Interferometry – ESPI, Holographic techniques, Shearography, Digital Image Correlation – DIC, Moiré techniques, Structured light techniques, Infrared imaging, Photoelasticity, Image based measurement techniques, Ultrasonic sensing, Acoustic and Aeroacoustic measurements, etc.The first Annual Meeting was held back in October 1992 and, since then, the event has met large consensus among the research and scientific communities worldwide for the high scientific interest of the papers presented.The XXVIII AIVELA Annual National Meeting was organised in collaboration with the Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences of Università Politecnica delle Marche and was held online, due to the Covid-19 pandemic and related restrictions.The Meeting was held live on the Microsoft 365/Teams platform and featured 3 Invited lectures, 2 of which delivered by instrumentation manufacturers, 15 papers organised into 4 Technical Sessions, and a session entirely dedicated to manufacturers.All presentations were plenary. The Invited lectures had 1 hour each to deliver their talks, including possible discussion and Q&As at the end of their presentations, whereas the speakers had 15 mins each followed by 5 mins for possible discussion and Q&As.32 participants attended the event. Most of them were from Italy, since it was the Association’s National event, but there were also three attendees from Germany.The official language of the Meeting was English.No particular technical difficulty was encountered, and although the atmosphere of an online event is not the same as for a face-to-face event, the Meeting still gave participants the opportunity to share their research activities and results, in the full spirit of the Association.This volume contains a selection of the papers presented at the event.The full Programme of the Meeting can be found at:http://www.aivela.org/XXVII_Meeting/final-programme.html.Trusting our Association and its initiatives will meet your interest, I wish to thank you in advance for your kind attention and hope to meet you soon at one of our events.EDITOR, SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE, INVITED LECTURERS are available in the pdf

증속기 현장시험 국내 적용 사례 및 절차 분석

증속기 현장시험 국내 적용 사례 및 절차 분석

Hormonal And Heart Rate Changes To Maximal Exercise In Elite Adolescent Athletes

One of the main biomarkers of stress is the steroid hormone cortisol (C), while testosterone (T) and estrogen (E) steroid hormones are associated with physical activity. PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between a maximal swimming exercise and hormone level changes and acute training’s influence on the stress level in elite adolescent athletes. METHODS: The study was conducted with 31 participants (boys: n=19, mean age±SD: 16.34±1.12 years; girls n=12, 15.17±0.81 years) from the field of water sports (swimming: n=10; water polo: n=21). The young elite athletes completed a maximal freestyle swimming test (200 meter) after a 25 minutes unified warm-up. Saliva samples were collected before (C1), immediately after the exercise (C2) and after a 30 minutes rest (C3). Free hormone levels in saliva were quantified by using IBL ELISA kits. Heart rate (HR) was measured throughout the whole procedure (Polar V800). We used the Brunel questionnaire to determine the participants’ mood states after the field test. RESULTS: There was significant rise in boys’ C levels compering to the C1 (0.176±0.134 μg/dl) with C2 (0.339±0.278 μg/dl; p=0.030) and C3 (0.426±0.319 μg/dl; p=0.001) measured results. Rise in girls’ C level was not significant (p=0.057), however their C2 (r=0.71) and C3 (r=0.60) levels correlated with their peak HR in swimming test. Boys’ T levels decreased significantly after the exercise (0.0046±0.0023 μg/dl) compared to basal levels (0.0061±0.0028 μg/dl) and T/C ratio also decreased (basal: 0.047±0.032 μg/dl; after exercise: (0.02±0.015 μg/dl). There was no significant difference in girls’ E levels, however their C3 levels correlated with their happiness (r=0.62), and C3−C1 concentration difference correlated also with happiness (r=0.68) and calmness (r=0.71) items of the Brunel scale. CONCLUSION: These results justify the application of the swimming field test to monitor maximal performance induced hormonal changes in adolescent athletes. Changes in T and T/C levels go against the experienced trend in literature therefore we feel the need of further analysis of our results. Moreover, the repeated measures might be an effective way to register the alarming symptoms of the common overtraining syndrome in swimming. Supported by the ministry of human capacities [ÚNKP-18-3-I-TE-6].

Preface

A.I.VE.LA. – the Italian Association of Laser Velocimetry and non-invasive diagnostics is a non-profit cultural association whose objective is to promote and support research in the field of non-contact or minimally invasive measurement techniques, particularly of electromagnetic-based and optical techniques.Through its Annual Meeting, AIVELA aims at creating an active and stimulating forum where current research results and technical advances can be exchanged and the development of new systems for laboratory use, field testing and industrial application can be promoted. The techniques addressed include Laser Doppler Anemometry – LDA, Phase Doppler Anemometry – PDA, Image Velocimetry – PIV, Flow visualization techniques, Spectroscopic measurement techniques (LIF, Raman, etc.), Laser Doppler Vibrometry – LDV, Speckle Pattern Interferometry – ESPI, Holographic techniques, Shearography, Digital Image Correlation – DIC, Moiré techniques, Structured light techniques, Infrared imaging, Photoelasticity, Image based measurement techniques, Ultrasonic sensing, Acoustic and Aeroacoustic measurements, etc.The first Annual Meeting was held back in October 1992 and, since then, the event has met large consensus among the research and scientific communities worldwide for the high scientific interest of the papers presented.The XXVII AIVELA Annual National Meeting was organised in collaboration with Istituto Motori – CNR and was held at the premises of Istituto Motori – CNR, in Naples, on 30-31 October 2019.This volume contains a selection of the papers presented at the event.The full Programme of the Meeting can be found at: http://www.aivela.org/XXVII_Meeting/final-programme.html.Trusting our Association and its initiatives will meet your interest, I wish to thank you in advance for your kind attention and hope to meet you soon at one of our events.EDITOREnrico Primo TomasiniPresident of A.I.VE.LA.