Yield Of Field Pea Research Articles

Effect of Plant Types on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) and Lodging Impact on Yield and Ascochyta Blight Severity

Effect of Plant Types on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) and Lodging Impact on Yield and Ascochyta Blight Severity

The biostimulatory effect of humic‐based soil amendment on plant growth, root nodulation, symbiotic nitrogen fixation and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

AbstractIntroductionPea is one of the most important pulse legumes globally due to its high protein, which is due to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen through a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen‐fixing rhizobia. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) should be optimized to maximize nitrogen fixation and achieve higher yields with more grain protein. The use of humic‐based soil amendments in crop production has garnered considerable attention in recent years due to their biostimulatory effect in improving plant growth, yield, nutritional quality and soil health. This study examines the impact of a humic‐based soil amendment (Humalite) on root nodulation, SNF, plant growth, yield and grain protein of pea.Materials and MethodsChemical characterization was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Pea plants inoculated with Rhizobia were grown in pots under greenhouse conditions with five different Humalite rates (0, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 kg ha−1). SNF capacity was assessed using the 15N‐isotope dilution method.ResultsFTIR analysis revealed the abundant presence of hydroxyl (‐OH) and carboxyl (‐CO) functional groups in Humalite. Plants treated with Humalite displayed augmented root traits [root length (21%–50%), root surface area (24%–51%), volume (26%–53%), average nodule weight (11%–91%)], plant biomass [shoots (13%–29%) and roots (29%–54%)], shoot nitrogen concentration (12%–33%), shoot total nitrogen content (38%–53%), percentage nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (8%–14%) and total shoot nitrogen fixed (48%–80%) compared to the control plants at the flowering stage. Furthermore, at seed maturity stage, plants treated with Humalite at 400 and 1600 kg ha−1 exhibited a significant increase in plant biomass (4%–14%), number of seeds (8%–16%), seed weight (3%–11%), seed nitrogen content (8%–20%) and total seed nitrogen fixed (7%–22%) compared to the control plants.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that humic‐based soil amendment can effectively enhance plant growth, root nodulation, SNF and seed yield, thereby supporting sustainable agricultural practices.

Weed and yield of different field pea seed rates and carryover effect of ALS inhibitor herbicides applied in preceding wheat crop

Intercropping with greater pulse seeding rates for weed mitigation could increase growers yield returns and potentially reduce weed resistance, caused by frequent herbicide applications. In 2021, a split-split plot experiment in North Star, Alberta was sown to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in two fields; half the plots were sprayed with Thifensulfuron-methyl + tribenuron-methyl at 29.65 g.a.i.ha−1 (9.89 + 4.94 respectively) at flag leaf with other half left untreated. In the following spring (2022), field pea (Pisum sativum L.) was sown at 0.5X, 1X and 1.5X seeding rate (101, 202 and 303 kgha−1, respectively) with either ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) or rye (Secale cereale L.) at 5.6 and 19.1 kgha−1, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or oat (Avena fatua L.) at 33.7 kgha−1, plus monocrop control. Objectives were to a) identify most weed suppressive intercrop, and b) how companion crops affected pea seeding rates. Herbicide sprayed plots had less weeds compared to unsprayed despite cropping system adopted and rye was best companion crop to reduce weeds. Rye-pea (1.11) or ryegrass-pea (0.98) land equivalent ratio (LER) were greater than oat-pea (0.75). Cereal Agressivity (A) (2.64X10−3 and 2.18X10−2 in oat and barley) and actual yield loss (AYL) (3.06 in oat, 0,39 in barley) was greater than pea (−2.67X10−3, −2.29X10−2 for A and 2.95, 0.73 for AYL in oat and barley respectively), inversely to competitive ratio (CR) (0.07, 2.60 in oat and pea; 0.25, 0.63 in barley and pea). More pea stands decreased cereal CR (0.36,0.11 and 0.05 at 0.5X, 1X and 1.5X pea seeding rates) and AYL (1.56, 1.41 and 0.59 for same pea seeding rates). Overall, a) increasing pea seeding rates reduce weeds and increase competitivity towards cereals, and b) despite rye being more suppressing, barley and oat promote pea yields with less area likewise. This study demonstrated the variety of IWM strategies possible in Northern Alberta.

Effect of Liquid Biofertilizer with or Without Vermicompost on Growth and Yield of Field Pea (Pisum sativum) Grown under Laterite Soil of West Bengal

Effect of Liquid Biofertilizer with or Without Vermicompost on Growth and Yield of Field Pea (Pisum sativum) Grown under Laterite Soil of West Bengal

Multi-trait multi-environment genomic prediction of preliminary yield trial in pulse crop.

Phenotypic selection of complex traits such as seed yield and protein in the preliminary yield trial (PYT) is often constrained by limited seed availability, resulting in trials with few environments and minimal to no replications. Multi-trait multi-environment enabled genomic prediction (MTME-GP) offers a valuable alternative to predict missing phenotypes of selection candidates for multiple traits and diverse environments. In this study, we assessed the efficiency of MTME-GP for improving seed protein and seed yield in field pea, the top two breeding targets but highly antagonistic traits in pulse crop. We utilized a set of 300 selection candidates in the PYT that virtually represented all possible families of the North Dakota State University field pea breeding program. Selection candidates were evaluated in three diverse, contrasting environments, as indicated by a range of heritability. Using whole- and split-environment cross validation schemes, MTME-GP had higher predictive ability than a standard additive G-BLUP model. Integrating a range of overlapping genotypes in between environments showed improvement on the predictive ability of the MTME-GP model but tends to plateau at 50%-80% training set size. Regardless of the cross-validation scheme, accuracy was among the lowest in stressed environments, presumably due to low heritability for seed protein and yield. This study provided insights into the potential of MTME-GP in a public pulse crop breeding program. The MTME-GP framework can be further improved with more testing environments and integration of additional orthogonal information in the early stages of the breeding pipeline.

Effect of date of sowing and weed management practices on the growth, yield attributes and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in vertisols of Chhattisgarh

Effect of date of sowing and weed management practices on the growth, yield attributes and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in vertisols of Chhattisgarh

Effect of Different Levels of Macronutrients and Rhizobium on Soil Health and Yield Attributes of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

The field experiment was carried out at the central research farm in the Department of Soil Science and Chemistry, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Rabi season 2023-24. The soil texture in the experimental region was sandy loam. The design was set up using randomized block design, with two levels of sulphur (50 and 100%), Rhizobium, and NPK (20:60:40) at different levels. The treatment T9 (@100% NPKS +@100% Rhizobium+ 100% Sulphur) gave the best results in terms of plant height, number of pods plant-1, and total Field Pea yield. It also showed a slight decrease in pH, bulk density, and particle density; however, there was a significant increase in pore space, water holding capacity, EC, organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as plant growth and yield attributes. There was no discernible difference in the growth and production of Field Pea under control. The use of Biofertilizer, as well as their blend with complete NPK and S, significantly increased the characteristics of growth and total yield attributes of Field Pea.

Correction: Yadav et al. Assessment of Gene Action and Identification of Heterotic Hybrids for Enhancing Yield in Field Pea. Horticulturae 2023, 9, 997

The Horticulturae Editorial Office wishes to make the following changes to the author’s paper [...]

Influence of nutrient sources on growth and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L. arvense)

A experiment was carried out on Influence of nutrient sources on growth and yield of field pea (PisumSativum L. arvense at Agriculture farm, Department of Agronomy, Mewar University, during Rabi–2022-23, The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design comprising with nine treatments viz., T1-25% RDF + 25% VC + 50% FYM +Rhizobium, T2-25% RDF + 50% VC +25% FYM + Rhizobium, T3- 25% RDF + 75% VC + 0% FYM +Rhizobium, T4- 50% RDF + 0% VC+ 50% FYM + Rhizobium, T5- 50% RDF + 50% VC + 0% FYM+ Rhizobium, T6-50% RDF + 25% VC + 25% FYM+ Rhizobium, T7- 75% RDF + 25% VC + 0% FYM + Rhizobium, T8-75% RDF +0% VC+ 25% FYM + Rhizobium, T9-Control, with three replications. Theminimum days (9.08 days ) was germination of seeds in T8 (75% RDF +25% VC+ 25% FYM + Rhizobium), At 90 days after sowing, the highest plant height (92.83) was measured in T3 (25% RDF + 75% VC + 0% FYM +Rhizobium) treatment, the lowest number of days to first flowering (44.42) was observed in T6- (50% RDF + 25% VC+ 25% FYM + Rhizobium), highest average number of pods per plant (24.75) was designated in T6 (50% RDF + 25% VC + 25% FYM+ Rhizobium), days to pod set of pea.,while the least number of days to pod set (63.67) was identified in T6 (50% RDF + 25% VC+ 25% FYM + Rhizobium). Date collected from T4 (50% RDF + 0% VC+ 50% FYM + Rhizobium) was found to have the longest pods, measuring (7.43 cm) in length, the highest number of seeds per pod (7.33) was found in T8 (75% RDF +0% VC+ 25% FYM + Rhizobium) and a significant variation was observed on seed yield. The maximum yield/plot (5.73) was recorded in T6 (50% RDF + 25% VC + 25% FYM+ Rhizobium).

Effect of Rhizobium Bacteria Inoculation Rate on Yield and Yield Components of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) at Awi Zone, Ethiopia

Field peas (Pisum sativum L.) is economically a significant crop in Ethiopia. The yield of field peas in our country has fell due to poor management practices of Bio fertilizer rates usage. Three rates of bio fertilizer (0, 250 and 500g ha-1) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Number of nodules per plant, Pod numbers per plant, plant height, and effective nodule number of productive tillers, total biomass yield, grain yield, and straw yield were recorded and significantly affected by bio-fertilizer rate application. The determined or the highest grain yield (2671kg ha-1) was recorded from 250 g ha-1 bio-fertilizer rate. Almost 250g ha-1 bio fertilizer rates were superior for the research area. Nevertheless, more investigation has to be done under different locations and seasons to come up with practical recommendations correlated to the current study.

Effect of organic and inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers on growth and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Effect of organic and inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers on growth and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Estimation of Correlation Coefficient Analysis for Yield and Component Traits in Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

The present investigation entitled “Estimation of Correlation Coefficient Analysis for Yield and Component Traits in field pea (Pisum sativum L.)” for 10 characters. The experiment comprising of 23 genotypes of pea were grown in a Randomized Block Design (RBD), with three replications at Research Farm, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Post Graduate College, Ghazipur, during rabi season of 2017-2018, plant to plant and row to row distance was kept 10 cm and 45 cm, respectively. The maximum positive and significant phenotypic correlation coefficient (0.834) was found between seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant. Positive and significant correlations were observed between seed yield per plant and number of pods per plant, plant height. Positive and significant correlations were also recorded between biological yield per plant and plant height, number of pods per plant. Similarly number of pods per plant had positive and significant correlation with plant height.

Inoculation with PSB (phosphate-solubilizing bacteria) or Rhizobium in combination with NPK influenced the yield, quality and soil parameters of field pea

Inoculation with PSB (phosphate-solubilizing bacteria) or Rhizobium in combination with NPK influenced the yield, quality and soil parameters of field pea

Developing weather-based biomass prediction equation to assess the field pea yield under future climatic scenario

The present research focuses on the variation of field pea production under different prevailing weather parameters, aiming to develop a reliable forecasting model. For that a field experiment was conducted in New Alluvial Zone of West Bengal during 2018-19 and 2019-20 with three different varieties (VL42, Indrira Matar, Rachana) of this region. Biomass predicting equation based on maximum temperature, minimum temperature and solar radiation was developed to estimate field pea yield for 2040-2099 period under SSP 2-4.5 and SSP 5-8.5 scenarios. It reveals that solar radiation positively influences crop biomass, while high maximum and minimum temperatures have adverse effects on yield. The developed forecasting equation demonstrated its accuracy (nRMSE=17.37%) by aligning closely with historical data, showcasing its potential for reliable predictions. Furthermore, the study delves into future climate scenarios, showing that increasing temperatures are likely to impact field pea yield negatively. Both biomass and yield showed decreasing trend for the years from 2040 to 2099. SSP 5-8.5 scenario, which is more pessimistic one, foresees a substantial reduction in crop productivity. This weather parameter-based biomass prediction equation can be effectively utilized as a method to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture.
 Keywords: Field pea, weather parameters, crop yield prediction, New Alluvial Zone, nRMSE

Effect of Chemical and Hand weeding Control Methods on Growth Yield Components and Yield of Field Pea in Bale Highlands, Southeastern Ethiopia

Afield experiment was conducted during bona season of 2019/2020 and 2021/2022 at two location Agarfa sub-site and Sinana on station to evaluate the integrated effects of pre-emergence herbicides and hand-weeding on weed control, yield components, yield, and their economic feasibility for cost effective weed control in field pea. The treatments consisted of three dual gold rates (1, 2 and 3 liter per hectares) and three times (0, 1and 2 times hand weeding). The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement of RBCD with three replications. Results indicated that Dual-gold 2 liter per hectare supplemented with hand weeding at 25-30 days after crop emergence resulted in the highest grain yield and economic benefit. However, in case labor is constraint and Pre-emergence herbicide is timely available, pre emergence application of Dual-gold 2 liter per hectare should be the alternative to prevent the yield loss and to ensure maximum net benefit for the producers. Thus, the result of this study, it can be tentatively concluded that herbicides application is an integral part of farmer’s pulse crop management in modern agricultural systems.

Response of Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) Varieties to Application of Blended NPS Fertilizer in Bore, Southern Ethiopia

Low soil fertility influences plant establishment, growth, seed yield and the profitability of a field pea production in the study area. A field experiment was conducted in Bore on station of Bore Agricultural Research Centre with five levels of NPS (0, 50, 100 and 150) with three varieties of field pea (Arjo-1 and Bilalo) in randomized complete block design with three replications. The aim of the study were to evaluate the effect of blended NPS rates on the yield and yield components of field pea varieties and to identify economically feasible rates of blended NPS that increase the productivity of the field pea. Growth, Yield and yield components of field pea were significantly influenced by different rates of blended fertilizer treatments. Results showed significant effect of various levels of blended fertilizer on all tested parameters except on days to flowering, days to maturity and number of seed per pod. Variety Arjo-1 showed the highest plant height (182.1 cm), highest grain yield (5023 kg ha-1) and highest net benefit (152299.5 Birr ha-1) with application of 150 kg NPS ha-1. Likewise, variety Bilalo with application of 150 kg blended NPS ha-1 fertilizer scored significantly the highest hundred seed weight (271.3 g). The highest number of total pods per plant (89.67) was recorded at application rate of 100 kg NPS ha-1 variety Arjo-1 and same application of fertilizer gave the highest agronomic efficiency (1282 %) for Bilalo variety. Although, minimum value of those traits were obtained with 0 kg ha-1. Similarly, application of 50 kg NPS gave net benefit (132111.0 Birr ha-1) with the highest marginal rate of return (129686 Birr ha-1) with Arjo-1 variety. Therefore, production of field pea with the application of 50 kg NPS ha-1 was most productive for economical production.

Pre-Extension Demonstration of Kik Type Field Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Varieties in Selected Highland Districts of Guji Zone, Southern, Oromia, Ethiopia

In Ethiopia, many varieties were released to improve field pea yield at different locations. However, field pea’s productivity is low because the released and improved varieties were not demonstrated at farms. Therefore, demonstrating improved field pea varieties is an entry point to large extension production. Hence, this study was conducted in three highland districts of the Guji zone to evaluate the yield and profitability of kik type field pea varieties on farmer’s land. An improved variety named Burkitu and local varieties were demonstrated on 12 experimental farmers in 2022. Yield data and production costs were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics, and the profitability of varieties were estimated by cost benefit analysis. The results showed that kik type Burkitu variety generated a yield of 23.58 qt/ha compared to 18.33 qt/ha of local variety. The result of cost benefit analysis also indicated that Burkitu (97005 birr/ha) variety gave better returns than the local variety (54022 birr/ha). Based on higher yield, disease tolerant and market demand Burkitu variety was preferred by farmers. Using improved field pea varieties was important for higher yield and return. Hence, farmers should use Burkitu for kik type field pea production. Further research is needed to promote Burkitu as scaling up varieties in the highland areas of the Guji zone.

Effect of Plant Growth Regulators, Biofertilizers and Antioxidants on Physio-morphological, Yield and Quality Attributes of Field Pea (Pisum sativum var. Arvense)

Effect of Plant Growth Regulators, Biofertilizers and Antioxidants on Physio-morphological, Yield and Quality Attributes of Field Pea (Pisum sativum var. Arvense)

Assessment of Gene Action and Identification of Heterotic Hybrids for Enhancing Yield in Field Pea

Eight field pea parental lines and their twenty-eight F1s resulting from diallel design (excluding reciprocal) were analyzed for their combining ability and heterosis for yield and associated traits. ANOVA revealed significant variation among parents and among hybrids for days to 50% flowering, plant height, total number of pods, effective pods, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, biological yield and seed yield; pod length also revealed significant differences among hybrids, suggesting the occurrence of considerable variability for studied traits. Crosses P-1541-16 × P-92-97-11 and P-1541-16 × P-1297-97 displayed significant heterosis over better-parent and control varieties for seed yield and associated traits. Combining ability analysis showedthat SCAvariance was considerably higher than corresponding GCAvariance for all traits. Genotype Aman and P-1297-97 were identified as good general combiners for seed yield, while cross P-1541-16 × P-1297-97, Aman × EC-564817, P-1541-16 × P-92-97-11 and P-1297-97 × P-92-97-11 were identified as specific cross-combiners for most of the studied traits. Consequently, these crosses might be exploited in future breeding programs to find desired segregants. PCA explained 81.68% and 83.34% variability in parents and crosses, respectively, for yield component. Furthermore, trait association between GCA effects and SCA effects demonstrates that biological yield, total number of pods, and effective pods exhibit additive gene action, but 100-seed weight exhibits non-additive gene action.

Effect of nutrient management on physio morphological and yield attributes of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of nitrogen management on the growth and yield of field peas. The experiment took place during the rabi season (October–March of 2022–2023) at Lovely Professional University's Agriculture Research Farm in Phagwara, Punjab, India. Fifteen different treatment combinations were utilized, involving the application of chemical fertilizers (NPK) and micronutrients (boron and zinc). The experimental design followed a randomized complete block approach with three replications. Among the treatment combinations, the application of foliar spray with B at a rate of 0.2%, Zn at a rate of 0.5%, along with 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), resulted in the highest measurements for plant height (70.44 cm), leaf count (70.60), branch count (18.86), leaf area (32.24 cm²), dry matter accumulation (6.12 g), crop growth rate (0.299 g m⁻² day⁻¹), and relative growth rate (0.05933 g g⁻¹ day⁻¹). Furthermore, treatments involving 100% RDF, 0.2% B, and 0.5% Zn exhibited enhanced yield characteristics, including the number of seeds per pod (10.26), pods per plant (12.33), test weight of seeds (15.06 g), seed yield (3537 kg ha⁻¹), and harvest index (47.49%). Furthermore, 100% RDF and the inclusion of 0.2% B and 0.5% Zn outperformed the control. Applying 100% RDF along with the micronutrients B and Zn is recommended to maximize production and net profit in field pea cultivation.