Field Of Exchange Research Articles

Educational Diplomacy of Islamic Republic of Iran as the Soft Power Strategy in the Middle East

Nowadays, many countries are trying to increase their soft power authority using the university communication facilities. Educational exchanges and the creation of university branches in different parts of the world, especially in countries where there are common cultural fields, give these countries the opportunity to interact with elites and students expand their influence. The university sector, as the most important and effective branch in creating the future of a country, will have a great impact on understanding and cultural alignment between nations.In this regard, one of the important regions that have a lot of common cultural identity with the Islamic Republic of Iran is the Middle East region. This article aims to answer the question of how the Islamic Republic of Iran can use its academic capabilities as the educational diplomacy in order to promote its position as soft power in the Middle East. Accordingly, Iran can use the cultural capacities, the Persian language, the common background of civilization and the capability of its higher education, especially in the field of university exchanges to empower its soft power authority in the region.

What Is Animal Prehistory?

This paper engages animal archaeologies with key debates in animal history. Animal archaeology is currently and primarily framed as a multi-species venture, and a brief review of its disciplinary genealogies illustrates dominant foci on questions of ecology and (posthuman) ontology. I argue that this situation, paradoxically, has led archaeologists to largely neglect the challenges of the historical animal. To overcome this constriction, animal archaeology needs to conceive of itself also as a critical and conceptual project—coevally celebrating and problematizing the notion of “the animal.” Importantly, this project pivots to questions of historicity, with regard to both its animal subjects of study and animal scholarship itself. I position “animal prehistory” as a strategic lens to bring to the fore and interrogate these unattended animal specificities and articulate them with long-standing concerns in animal history. I suggest this can proffer a new, exciting field of inquiry and exchange for both historians and archaeologists.

The Impact of Monetary Policy in Achieving Exchange Rate Stability in the Iraqi Economy for The Period (1990 - 2023) an Econometric Study

The exchange rate is a monetary economic indicator that expresses a country's economic performance. The exchange rate is the basic foundation on which the economies of any country in the world are built, whether developed or developing. As a result, most governments seek to implement regulations that ensure the currency exchange rate remains stable. To avoid the radical changes that currencies will endure during another period. The exchange rate also plays a prominent role in monetary policy, due to its use as an intermediate target, or as a tool, or simply as an indicator of the competitiveness of countries through its impact on components of economic growth such as investment, the degree of economic openness, the inflation rate, the narrow money supply, and the volume of exports. And the volume of imports, and foreign exchange reserves. Therefore, the primary goal of this study was to try to identify the nature of the exchange rate. As a result, in the first section, we discussed the concept of monetary policy, its most important tools, its most important goals, the exchange rate, and Iraq’s experience in the field of exchange during the period (1990-2023). While the second section was devoted to measuring the impact of monetary policy in achieving stability in the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the US dollar using the vector model. correcting the mistake. The study concluded with some recommendations to reduce exchange rate fluctuations.

Prospects of cultural interaction between Russia and China in the field of higher education in the XXI century

The article examines the main problems of current Russian-Chinese relations in the field of cultural exchanges and higher education in Russia and China. The goal of the research is to identify the historical origins of the formation of cooperation between the two countries in the field of higher education, the possibilities of developing the system of intercultural communications in the education sector of Russia and China in modern conditions. The research methodology includes an analysis of cultural, historical, regional and social components. The main directions of merging the cultural areas of these countries have been compared. The cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China at the present stage and the prospects for its development in the field of education have been studied in detail. Close attention is aimed at improving the educational process and the development of intercultural relations. This cooperation has been considered on the example of several universities in Russia and China. The experience of organizing partnerships between universities has been studied through the prism of modern Russian educational practice. Further development prospects have been highlighted, taking into account their needs. As a result of the research, the author has concluded that, despite the constant changes in the modern geopolitical situation in the world, the relations between the countries remain stably diplomatic. It has been noted that the main priority of the Russian foreign policy towards China is the development of diplomacy and mutual communication between the two bordering states; options for solving the tasks set, linking them with Russia's change in its foreign policy course and directing it towards cooperation with China, the leader of East Asian countries have been proposed. These conclusions determine the desire of modern society to achieve mutual understanding in the field of intercultural communications between Russia and China.

The Multifaceted Field of Virtual Exchanges in Teacher Education: A Literature Review

Virtual exchanges can be seen as a powerful tool in fostering digital- pedagogical, intercultural, and foreign language competences in teacher education. Since the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, virtual exchanges in teacher education have gained increasing attention both in research and practice. Despite a growing number of publications and various fields and themes covered by research and reports, few publications are concerned with connecting and systematising the discourse on virtual exchanges between 2020-2023. This paper, thus, aims to offer a comprehensive overview of how virtual exchanges are employed in teacher education by adopting a scoping study approach and examining research papers published in this period of time. Our findings cover the planning, implementation, and evaluation of virtual exchanges, as well as some overarching recommendations for improving the delivery of virtual exchanges in teacher education as they are provided in the research papers. Virtual exchanges in teacher education are a multifaceted field since it has multiple aims, usages, and impacts, which largely depend on the (mostly voluntary) work of teacher educators, the institutional framework within which the exchanges take place, and student teachers’ motivation to participate. The future of virtual exchanges in teacher education would benefit by opening up beyond foreign language teacher education and combining small-scale with large-scale studies to better inform research and practice.

Cooperation Between the USSR and India in the 1950-1960s: The First Youth and Student Visits

In the 21st century, the Russian Federation and the Republic of India have great scientific and educational potential. The particularly privileged strategic partnership between the two states is aimed, among other things, at the development and innovations of scientific and educational cooperation, which has stable traditions laid down in the second half of the last century. It was during this period that the first connections were established between students and youth of the two countries. The VI World Festival of Youth and Students, held in Moscow in 1957, was the starting point for building youth cooperation, the activities of the International Youth Tourism Bureau “Sputnik,” and the first tourist trips of Soviet students to India. The relevance of the article is determined by the appeal of the interuniversity team of authors of the RUDN University, MGIMO University and Lipetsk State Pedagogical P. P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky University to the topic that had not previously been the subject of comprehensive research either in Russia or in India. The purpose of this study is to analyze the goals, forms of organization and significance of the Soviet-Indian youth and student partnership in the late 1950s - early 1960s on the basis of materials from the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History that were not involved in scientific circulation. The authors use a constructivist approach demonstrating the connection between society and politics and revealing the impact of international cooperation on the institutionalization, development of scientific and educational partnership between the USSR and India at the interstate and interinstitutional levels. The Khrushchev “thaw” period laid the foundations for Soviet-Indian cooperation between the two states in the field of higher education, youth and student academic exchange and tourism. In the 21st century, the experience of the world festivals of youth and students, the work of the “Sputnik” bureau is relevant, since the Republic of India is one of the important and priority partners for the Russian Federation. Students of Modern Russia also face the task of establishing and developing academic and cultural ties with India, increasing the prestige of the country in the eyes of Indians and the whole world.

Current situation and employment prospects of Chinese language graduates

Relevance. In the modern world, where globalization plays a key role in economic and cultural development, the study of foreign languages is becoming an increasingly important process that positively affects the well-being of both society and the state as a whole. One such language that is attracting the attention of young people and graduates in Kyrgyzstan is Chinese. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyse the features of learning and promoting the Chinese language in Kyrgyzstan, as well as its potential opportunities for students in the labour market. Methodology. The following methods were used: descriptive, comparative and survey. Results. The results of the work determined that the current situation and employment prospects of Chinese-speaking graduates are very promising and full of opportunities. One of the main reasons for the growing interest in learning Chinese is the rapid development of China as a global economic and political power. China is becoming an increasingly important partner for Kyrgyzstan in the field of trade, economy, cultural and educational exchange, where the Confucius Institute represented in the country plays a leading role. This creates a need for Chinese-speaking professionals with a deep understanding of Chinese culture and business practices. According to the survey, learning Chinese is of great importance for graduates, opening up new opportunities for them in the international arena. Conclusions. The research concluded that despite advantages from Chinese language training and institutional support, Kyrgyz graduates face employment challenges, requiring further initiatives to better integrate qualified personnel into relevant labor markets. Keywords: labour market; international cooperation; educational exchange; professional activity; cultural development; chinese language

Innovative Exploration and Research on International Exchange and Cooperation Mechanisms under the Background of Hainan Free Trade Port

In order to explore and foster innovation in international exchange and cooperation, this study focuses on the background of the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Port. It delves into the current development status, characteristic demands, and potential challenges of its international exchange and cooperation mechanisms. Through a comprehensive analysis of relevant cases, survey questionnaires, and literature, this study aims to provide feasible innovative models and recommendations to promote the sustained development of the Hainan Free Trade Port in the field of international exchange and cooperation, injecting new vitality into China’s economic globalization. This exploration contributes to a deeper understanding of the development of free trade ports and provides insights and references for other countries and regions.

Teaching Sustainability in Architecture through Collaborative Online International Learning

To confront global environmental challenges, architectural design can play an important role to achieve sustainability. This paper addresses the Online collaborative approach to support the integration of environmental sustainability. It will assess the efficacy of integrating collaborative online international learning exchange (COIL) and cross-cultural dialogue pedagogy into a sustainable architecture studio course to develop students’ architectural and intercultural competencies. In this study 16 groups, each group consists of 3-4 students, from An Najah university in Palestine and Memphis university in USA were involved in shared learning classroom model. Different methods were used to assess the students’ outcomes, such as reflection reports written by the students, the use of new technologies for design and communication, and the outcomes from the architectural design. The results show changes in the students' understanding of different cultures, they improved their communication skills, and their ability to design in different contexts. The findings also underline the importance of integrating COIL into architectural design education to create professionals who are able to design a resilient and sustainable built environment. The paper introduces intercultural dialogue framework and a new pedagogical technique in the field of virtual exchange.

Abstract and embodied: the political economy of the French Revolution

Abstract The political economy of the French Revolution struggled to reconcile the promises of economic abstraction and the challenges of embodying wealth. In their attempts to realize these dual aims, revolutionaries drew not only on Enlightenment ideas about laissez-faire but also on an economic theology of money and consumption with roots in alchemy and the Catholic sacrament of the Eucharist. Both strains of thought had radicalizing effects. Proponents of laissez-faire cast society as a self-regulating field of reciprocal exchanges, thereby obviating the need for fiscal redistribution and frustrating those demanding social welfare and manufacturing subsidies. When the anticipated prosperity of laissez-faire failed to materialize, revolutionaries put their hopes in the new paper currency, the assignat, believing that it would generate wealth ad infinitum and circulate it justly. Breaking with laissez-faire but still committed to economic theology, radicals such as Jacques Roux and Maximilien Robespierre joined the Parisian popular movement in justifying government oversight to ensure the satisfaction of an ever-expanding panoply of needs. Whereas historians now tend to explain the Terror as the outcome of ideological, psychological and institutional contingencies, the fate of laissez-faire suggests that political radicalization was intimately linked to revolutionaries’ abstract economic principles and beliefs.

Cytogenetics of maize in Mexico as a field of transnational exchange: The case of Takeo Ángel Kato Yamakake

Societal Impact StatementMaize is one of the most consumed grains worldwide. Its production and international trade are expected to continue increasing because of its use as animal fodder and direct human food. Although maize's history spans millennia, in the last century it underwent significant changes due to genetic engineering, particularly during the Green Revolution. Due to maize's importance for current food security and energy production, it is fundamental to understand this engineering process to assess the implications of current styles of maize production for local and global landscapes, scientific institutions, and transnational networks of agricultural science.Summary This article aims to explain how Mexican agricultural expertise contributed to the development of cytogenetics as a specialized field in the study of the diversity of maize within the framework of the Green Revolution. To this end, the article follows the work of Mexican agronomist Takeo Ángel Kato Yamakake within the activities of the Inter‐American Maize Improvement Program (IMIP), formally established in 1960. By reconstructing the debate on the genetic implications of chromosomal structure and function, this study contributes to the historiography devoted to the role played by local experts in the classification, experimentation, and conservation of maize. The article is based on sources from Mexico and the United States, an interview with Kato, and the consultation of the database “Rockefeller Fellows. Individual Mobility Awards at Rockefeller‐endowed Organizations, 1914‐1970.” Kato's trajectory provides an overview of agronomy in Mexico and shows the relevance of transnational exchange in the establishment of plant cytogenetics. Kato's academic activity features collaborations with key figures such as Edwin Wellhausen, Albert Longley, Barbara McClintock, W. Gallinat, Czeslawa Prywer, and Almiro Blumenschein. A Green Revolution era quest to unravel the origin of maize as a way of perfecting its genetic manipulation fueled the interest in establishing cytogenetics in Mexico. However, the irruption of the molecular approach made the study of the position of chromosomal knobs less of a priority. Despite this, classical cytogenetics, under Kato's leadership, remains a field that contributed to the knowledge of the vegetal genome, even when the IMIP disappeared and the logic of the Green Revolution lost its centrality.

СТРУКТУРА РИНКУ ОРГАНІЧНОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ

The article defines the concepts of «organic products», «organic production», «consumer», and «circulation of organic products». To ensure the efficient and stable development of the organic products market in Ukraine, on 10 July 2018, the Law of Ukraine «On Basic Principles and Requirements for Organic Production, Circulation and Labelling of Organic Products» was adopted. Taking into account that the organic market is a set of socio-economic relations in the field of exchange, which provides the sale of goods, it can be argued that not all issues have been resolved. The market participants of organic products, such as consumers, intermediaries, sales outlets, stakeholders, etc. were left out. The research used general scientific and special methods. The historical method helped to characterise the main stages of development of Organic Standard LLC. Graphical research methods were applied to gain a deeper understanding of the object and subject of the study, to identify their structural elements and to establish the relationship between them. Logical generalisations were used to conclude. It is emphasised that certification is an integral part of the organic market. The history of the formation of the first certification body accredited by NAAU for certification under Ukrainian organic legislation, Organic Standard LLC, is traced, and its services and activities are listed. The active participants of the organic sector in Ukraine being the partners are described as the following, Swiss-Ukrainian Programme «Development of Higher Value Added Trade in the Organic and Dairy Sectors of Ukraine», German-Ukrainian Cooperation in Organic Agriculture Project, USAID Agricultural and Rural Development Programme - AGRO, Public Union «Organic Initiative», OrganicInfo Information Portal, Public Union «Organic Ukraine», Federation of Organic Movement of Ukraine, Association «Berry Growing in Ukraine», etc. The article also identifies the stakeholders of the organic market that are not covered by the Organic Law of Ukraine. To integrate into international trade, it is necessary to build and implement consistent communication with the consumer regarding the advantages and clear differences between organic products and other products, including the peculiarities of production and the history of producers; knowledge of as well as trust in organic certificates; information about the nearest locations of sales outlets.

Using non-adiabatic excitation transfer for signal transmission between molecular logic gates.

Molecular logic gates (MLGs) are molecules which perform logic operations. They can potentially be used as building blocks for nano-sized computational devices. However, their physical and functional integration is a difficult task which remains to be solved. The problem lies in the field of signal exchange between the gates within the system. We propose using non-adiabatic excitation transfer between the gates to address this problem while absorption and fluorescence are left to communicate with external devices. Excitation transfer was studied using the modified Bixon-Jortner-Plotnikov theory with the example of the 3H-thioxanthene-TTF-dibenzo-BODIPY covalently linked triad. Several designs of the molecule were studied in a vacuum and cyclohexane. It was found that the molecular logic system has to be planar and rigid to isolate radiative interfaces from other gates. Functioning of these gates is based on dark πσ*-states in contrast to bright ππ*-states of radiative interfaces. There are no fundamental differences between ππ* → πσ* and ππ* → ππ* transitions for cases when an exciton hops from one gate to another. The rates of such transitions depend only on an energy gap between states and the distance between gates. The circuit is highly sensitive to the choice of solvent which could rearrange its state structure thereby altering its behavior. According to the obtained results, non-adiabatic transfer can be considered as one of the possible ways for transmitting a signal between MLGs.

Eastern Horsefly: Implications of Fatima Mernissi's Work on the Islamic Ethos

This study comprises Fatima Mernissi's discourse analyses on the Islamic ethos and examines how these narratives can be traced in history, providing an archaeological method of research. It explains the conditions under which Islamic normative attitudes, which are replicated through ancient narratives like 1001 Nights Tales, Hosrev and Shirin, Kerem and Asli, become effective. Mernissi challenges the mindset of Western Orientalists' understanding through her observations on the Islamic Middle East in Moroccan culture. The Islamic Middle East, with harem nights and concubines, has always been an element of fantasy for Westerners. However, when the harems are reconsidered through Mernissi's analyses, far beyond what is assumed, harems were a field of exchange where women were not passive but active agents displaying various forms of resistance. The Islamic Middle East defines male-female dynamics with reference to the holy book, the Qur'an, and hadiths of Islam while maintaining its close contact with modernity. Mernissi highlights the search for power resources within the context of gender roles by both men and women in their engagement with modernity. This study examines Mernissi's Scheherazade Goes West: Different Cultures, Different Harems through her arguments on how Scheherazade, the character of 1001 Nights Tales, is instrumentalised to reproduce Islamic normative attitudes in the context of gender roles.

Magnetic molecules lose identity when connected to different combinations of magnetic metal electrodes in MTJ-based molecular spintronics devices (MTJMSD)

Understanding the magnetic molecules’ interaction with different combinations of metal electrodes is vital to advancing the molecular spintronics field. This paper describes experimental and theoretical understanding showing how paramagnetic single-molecule magnet (SMM) catalyzes long-range effects on metal electrodes and, in that process, loses its basic magnetic properties. For the first time, our Monte Carlo simulations, verified for consistency with regards to experimental studies, discuss the properties of the whole device and a generic paramagnetic molecule analog (GPMA) connected to the combinations of ferromagnet-ferromagnet, ferromagnet-paramagnet, and ferromagnet-antiferromagnet metal electrodes. We studied the magnetic moment vs. magnetic field of GPMA exchange coupled between two metal electrodes along the exposed side edge of cross junction-shaped magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). We also studied GPMA-metal electrode interfaces’ magnetic moment vs. magnetic field response. We have also found that the MTJ dimension impacted the molecule response. This study suggests that SMM spin at the MTJ exposed sides offers a unique and high-yield method of connecting molecules to virtually endless magnetic and nonmagnetic electrodes and observing unprecedented phenomena in the molecular spintronics field.

Physical mechanisms and predictive performance of thermal conductivity models for nanofluids

Nanofluids present a promising group of fluids comprising base fluids like water, ethylene glycol, or oil, mixed with solid particles at the nanoscale. These nanofluids exhibit exceptional physical properties that hold significant potential for revolutionizing heat transfer processes. The objective of this study is to extensively investigate the phenomenon of improved thermal conductivity in nanofluids, focusing on critical factors such as particle volume concentration, size, temperature, and base fluid characteristics. Through a meticulous comparison of experimental data and analytical thermal conductivity models, the primary aim of this research is to uncover the underlying mechanisms responsible for this transformative effect. A comprehensive analysis of existing literature reveals a lack of agreement and conflicting findings regarding the influence of particle size, shape, and surfactants on thermal conductivity in nanofluids. Building upon this knowledge gap, our investigation aims to address and reconcile the observed discrepancies through a comprehensive parametric study. This comprehensive approach not only enhances our current understanding but also holds significant potential for optimizing nanofluids in various heat exchange applications. The importance of this study extends beyond the domain of nanofluid properties. By shedding light on the intricate physical mechanisms driving the enhancement of thermal conductivity, it has the potential to redefine the limits of heat transfer capabilities. The findings of this research hold great promise for engineers, researchers, and industries looking to fully exploit the potential of nanofluids. Through its rigorous methodology and unwavering dedication to unraveling the mysteries surrounding nanofluids, this study paves the way for groundbreaking advancements in the field of heat exchange.

Problems and Prospects of Development of International Customs Cooperation in the Context of Digitalization

Modern conditions of development dictate the need for cooperation. Today, Russia participates in the common market and the common economic space, the economic sphere, the activities of customs organizations, concludes agreements on international obligations and customs cooperation, and also actively cooperates with states and organizations in the field of customs operations and customs activities. The article considers the process of international customs cooperation of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation. The development of international customs cooperation in the context of digitalization is considered. The influence of digitalization on the regulatory framework of international customs cooperation, customs diplomacy and on the organizational and protocol basis is determined. The problems arising in the conditions of digitalization in the implementation of international activities in the customs authorities of the Russian Federation with the help of digital information and technical means are presented. The interaction of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation with the customs administrations of foreign states in the conditions of digitalization is analyzed. The positive practice of using digital technologies in the interaction of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation with the customs administrations of foreign states, as well as their problematic issues, is considered. The process of negotiations and practical experience of interaction between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China on cooperation of their customs services in the field of preliminary information exchange are analyzed. Based on the results of the study, the authors propose to further develop international customs cooperation on the example of successful projects, as well as use a digital platform to improve the quality and efficiency of international cooperation to solve emerging problematic issues.

Genomic, Phenotypic, and Ecological Data Provide Decisive Support for Multiple Species in the Seriphium plumosum Complex (Gnaphalieae: Asteraceae)

Parallel advances in next-generation sequencing and the development of analytical tools that use sequence data from multiple, unlinked loci have, over the past decade, shifted species discovery and delimitation firmly into the genomic sphere. While most recent analytical applications are underpinned by the Multi-Species Coalescent (MSC), the assumption that species conform to Wright-Fisher populations compromises the ability of this model to resolve species which are loosely knit, metapopulation-like entities that display significant spatial genetic structure. In this paper, we therefore employ a suite of analytical methods (MSC-based species discovery, DISSECT/STACEY; sparse Non-negative Matrix Factorisation, sNMF; discriminant analysis of principal components, DAPC) to thousands of massively parallel-sequenced loci, generated via Genotyping-by-Sequencing, for the purpose of resolving metapopulation-like species in the taxonomically recalcitrant Seriphium plumosum L. (Asteraceae; Gnaphalieae) species complex. These methods are complementary in illuminating different characteristics of the entities being resolved (e.g., monophyly, gene pool exclusivity) and so testing different aspects of a species hypothesis. In our study, these methods display remarkable congruence in terms of the groups they reveal, together yielding a set of 12 consensus population clusters which correspond to putative taxonomic species. Using linear discriminant analyses and tests of isolation-by-distance, we further assess whether these entities are phenotypically and ecologically distinct and, where possible, whether they describe a common spatial field of gene exchange. Based on our results, we find evidence of at least eight independent species in the S. plumosum complex, most of which are not truly cryptic, and at least five of which maintain their genetic distinctness in sympatry and so qualify as biological species. Our findings corroborate previous work suggesting a need for diverse tools to properly circumscribe the species-level diversity of South Africa’s Cape flora.

The role of social media in promoting cultural rights

The current communications revolution, and in particular social media, has opened a new era of human cultural development, making it possible for all peoples of the world to get to know each other, especially in the field of culture and cultural exchange, transfer of values and principles, science, knowledge, literature and arts that this cultural diversity and exchange of cultures will continue to exist between peoples thanks to modern technological means, as social media contribute greatly to the promotion of cultural rights through openness, interaction and cultural communication between different peoples of the world with different cultures. provides advanced means of communication, Today, it is witnessing great communication between different cultures after the various social media ensured for them the possibility of spreading and reaching different distances and places far from the place in which they were found or grown, as they provided the elements of culture with the possibility of moving from human societies to another and from one generation to another as it secured It has the necessary mechanisms for crossfertilization, mixing and interaction with other cultures prevailing in other peoples.

Thị trường vàng sau Nghị định 24 và một số khuyến nghị

Gold plays an instrumental role in the world economy in general and Vietnam in particular, even though it is no longer a currency. In an attempt to stabilize the fluctuated gold market in the early 2000s, the Vietnamese government issued numerous documents, including (i) regulations on the termination of the gold trading floor and domestic gold trading accounts, (ii) regulations on the termination of gold mobilizing and lending activities of credit institutions, (iii) regulations on the management of gold business activities, (iv) regulations on the sanctions for administrative violations in the field of foreign exchange and gold. Decree 24/2012/ND-CP, regulations on the management of gold business activities, is supposed to be the most comprehensive document, which contributes to the restructuring and reorganization of the entire Vietnamese gold market under the control of the State Bank. This paper analyzes the context of Decree 24 issuance and evaluates the outcomes of Decree 24 application based on the following criteria: (i) restructure the gold market and put a restraint on the “goldalized” economy, (ii) stabilize the gold price and reduce the impacts of gold price on the macro-economy, in turn, proposing suggestions regarding the gold market management in the current context.