Field Of Electrical Engineering Research Articles

Preparation and Electrical/Thermal Properties of Epoxy/Polyacrylic Rubber‐Kaolinite Composites

Abstract Epoxy resin (EP) is widely used in electrical engineering for its excellent insulation and mechanical properties, with applications in transformers, motor insulation, and electronic encapsulation. To meet advanced demands, enhancing its thermal stability and insulation strength is crucial. In this paper, these properties were improved by introducing 4 wt% polyacrylic rubber dielectric elastomer (DE) and different contents of kaolinite micrometer flakes (KAO) into the EP matrix to prepare KAO/DE/EP composite films. The results show that the thermal decomposition temperature of the 4 wt% KAO/4 wt% DE/EP films was increased by up to 42.3 °C, and their AC breakdown strength reached 107.76 kV/mm, which is 33.4% higher than that of the pure EP (80.74 kV/mm), with the thermal stability and insulating properties greatly improved. At the same time, the relative dielectric constant of the composite film was further improved, and the AC conductivity and dielectric loss did not increase significantly. This experimental study provides a reference for researching the application of epoxy resin modification systems in the field of electrical engineering and integrated circuit packaging.

Editorial

It is a great pleasure and honor for us to welcome you to International Conference on Smart Energy and New Power Systems (SENPS 2025). SENPS 2025 focuses on the field of energy and electrical engineering, which aim to promote the innovative development of smart energy and new power systems at home and abroad. SENPS 2025 exchanges and shares successful innovation experiences in the above fields, and has established an effective community for institutions and industries. In order to collect more papers, we invited scientists, engineers, educators and students from all over the world to exchange their current technology application experience and research results. This has also promoted the development of relevant fields. Finally, we have received a good number of responses of around 60 papers from researchers, scholars and industry practitioners covering a wide range of application areas. According to their quality, degree of conformity with our topics and other indicators, we finally accepted 9 papers. List of Conference committee is available in this PDF.

MODELING THE PROCESS OF TRAINING OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SPECIALISTS USING SMART TECHNOLOGIES

The tasks of improving the quality of professional training of specialists in an agrotechnical institution of higher education are determined by the modeling of the educational process. The purpose of the study is to reveal some aspects of modeling the process of training specialists in electrical engineering using smart technologies. To achieve the goal, the following general scientific research methods were taken as the methodological basis of the publication: analysis of one's own experience in the field and scientific and technical literature to clarify approaches to determining the essence of the research problems; study of official websites of manufacturers of smart devices; systematization to organize information on modern smart solutions; modeling to form program results of training of a future specialist in the electrical engineering field; practical generalization to form conclusions of the work. The publication considered some aspects of modeling the process of training future specialists in the context of designing professional activities. In particular, the issue of modeling electrical installations in agricultural production facilities using modern application software products was studied. Special attention is paid to the free software for students Cisco Packet Tracer, which has a wide range of devices, online visualization of data exchange, the ability to simulate real processes in renewable energy systems, and study their integration into local networks, in particular into smart homes and microgrids. In general, the study emphasizes that modeling recreates the production process of acquiring knowledge and contributes to a significant approximation of the educational process to production activities.

ADAPTING THE CONTENTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSE TO THE LINGUISTIC NEEDS OF BEGINNER ENGINEERS

This study evaluates the effectiveness of English courses taken by 45 undergraduate and graduate students from the University of Oradea’s Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, who are currently employed part-time or participating in internships in electrical engineering and IT. This is done by analyzing responses to a questionnaire filled in by the participants, aiming to determine how the topics and concepts covered in the University's ESP classes relate to their current work. Additionally, it attempts to assess how well the English language course can develop skills that are potentially helpful to future engineers in the fields of IT and electrical engineering. Finally, the study emphasizes the importance of including supplementary courses such as English language study and English for Specific Purposes in engineering faculty curricula.

Research on power distribution in a microgrid with distributed electricity sources

Purpose. Assessment of power flow distribution in a microgrid with autonomous sources to identify the impact of power levels on frequency and voltage levels. Methodology. The analysis of existing research in the field of electric power engineering has been conducted, focusing on the management of power flows in microgrids with autonomous small- and medium-capacity generating units. As a result of the analysis, it has been established that a relevant challenge is the control and management of active and reactive power flows in microgrids to maintain the frequency and effective voltage level at a predefined value. It has been noted that this issue presents certain complexities due to the instability of primary energy flows from alternative sources, which can lead to both energy shortages and surpluses. Based on the theoretical foundations of electrical engineering and utilizing methods and techniques commonly applied in power supply system calculations, a simulation model with alternative energy sources has been developed, taking into account the power supply system structure of a small agricultural enterprise.. Findings. In the Simulink/Matlab visual programming environment, a simulation model has been developed that enables the study of active and reactive power distribution at network nodes and the monitoring of frequency and voltage magnitude variations. During the research, several experiments were conducted with specific distributions of active and reactive power between consumers and generating units in the microgrid under both parallel and autonomous operating conditions. As a result of the experiment involving disconnection from the external grid and changes in load levels, greater voltage fluctuations and a redistribution of reactive power between consumers and generating units were observed. This phenomenon is primarily caused by the formation of active and reactive power in the dynamic load block, where calculations are linked to the baseline voltage and frequency levels.. Originality. As a result of summarizing the obtained time diagrams, it was found that the calculation of active and reactive power, both for loads and generating units, must be performed considering the current frequency and voltage level at the observation node relative to the baseline values Practical value. The obtained results should be taken into account in the implementation of control systems for autonomous power sources, specifically in the methods for calculating the current controlled values of active and reactive power.

Dynamic Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm Under Load Uncertainty for Wind‐Solar‐Energy Storage‐Based Hybrid Radial Network

ABSTRACTThe optimal design and installation of hybrid photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT) distributed generation (DG), and battery energy storage system (BESS) in radial distribution network (RDN) using dynamic arithmetic optimization algorithm (DAOA) is the main purpose of this work. The DAOA algorithm is the improved version of arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) which is widely used in the field of Electrical Engineering to solve the different optimization tasks. The simultaneous minimization of active power loss and voltage deviation is taken as the objectives to improve the efficiency of the distribution network using hybrid PV/WT/BESS system. To establish the efficacy of the suggested DAOA method, it is examined on two very well‐known test systems (33‐bus and 69‐bus). The uncertainty of power generation from PV‐ and WT‐based DG due to solar irradiance and wind speed variation also is taken into consideration. The cost analysis of the hybrid PV/WT/BESS system as well as active power loss cost are also assessed in this study. The result comparison shows that the DAOA algorithm gives supreme result in case of active power losses, voltage deviation, and benefits in active power lost cost. This algorithm has good speed of response and solution quality when hybrid PV/WT/BESS system allocation problem of the distribution network with simultaneous power loss reduction and voltage deviation minimization is executed in RDN. The placement of hybrid PV/WT/BESS system in 33‐bus reduces the active power loss by 44.27%, 41.47%, 46.23% using DAOA and 44.26%, 39.87%, 45.18% using AOA for normal loading, 15% increased loading, and 10% decreased loading, respectively. Similar results are also observed for 69‐bus test system. Moreover, if the performance of the DAOA, AOA, immune clone selection algorithm (ICSA), clone selection algorithm (CSA), manta ray foraging optimization (MRFO), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) for PV, WT, BESS‐ based 33‐bus system are observed, it can be noticed that DAOA gives annual savings of 10$, 496$, 505$, 669$, and 554$ as compared to AOA, ICSA, CSA, MRFO, and PSO, respectively. Similarly for PV, WT, BESS‐based 69‐bus system, it is observed that DAOA gives annual savings of 29$, 3147$, 3154$, 3342$, and 3158$ as compared to AOA, ICSA, CSA, MRFO, and PSO, respectively. In case of solution quality, the DAOA method grants its superiority over several optimization methods found in the literature.

BLDC MOTOR SIMULATION MODEL WITH CONFIGURABLE BEMF IN JULIA

Modern technologies in the field of electrical engineering and automation require constant improvement and development. One of the key aspects of this development is the use of brushless permanent magnet (BLDC) motors. BLDC motor control methods play a key role in ensuring the efficiency and reliability of their operation. Until recently, simulation of these motors was a complex task, requiring excessive costs for computation resources, equipment and software. An important task in the development of motor control systems is the development and use of motor models. In modern motor control systems, modeling is used not only in the development process - the motor model can be an integral part of the control system, according to which control signals are calculated in real time. Processes in motors are described by systems of differential equations, and there are many methods for numerically solving these systems. The vast majority of these systems are built into relatively complex automatic design systems, and modeling control systems requires a significant amount of computing resources and studying the specifics of these systems. The search for an effective tool for modeling the motor and the control system should also take into account its availability for the scientific community and developers from the point of view of software ownership.The article presents the simulation model of a BLDC motor with simplified DC and full 3-phase electrical parts. The presented model describes the motor directly in the differential equations and allows you to quickly simulate processes in the motor and their changes under the influence of external variable parameters. The described model was created using programming language Julia perfected for mathematical calculations. Model allows to simulate motor operation under Variable voltage and load. The part of the model that generates external disturbances and control signals allows to simulate various forms of 3-phase voltage without complicating with external components or generators. The article presents the motor control results from 3-phase voltage and an autonomous voltage inverter.

Navigating Challenges in Engineering Education: A Comprehensive Examination of Kerala's Landscape and Policy Interventions

This study explores the crucial link between engineering education and industry collaboration in Kerala, focusing on the disparity in industry-institute interactions across the North, Central, and South regions and their impact on employability and educational quality, especially in mechanical and electrical engineering fields. Industry-institute interaction is vital for the practical application of engineering education. Despite high-quality educational institutions, many students struggle to secure desirable jobs or salaries due to limited industrial establishments and high competition for placements. Kerala Technological University (KTU) aims to bridge this gap by connecting engineering colleges with industries through various programs. The research divides Kerala into regions and classifies educational institutions as urban or rural, using a comprehensive questionnaire to capture insights from students, teachers, placement officers, and industry recruiters. The study identifies the challenges faced by institutions with weak industry connections and suggests measures to enhance these interactions. Findings indicate that industry-institute interaction significantly enhances the quality of engineering education, highlighting the need for better alignment between academic curricula and industry needs, modernization of teaching methods, and improved infrastructure. The research underscores the importance of strengthening industry-institute interactions to improve employability and educational standards in Kerala. Successful examples of such collaborations highlight the potential benefits, calling for a concerted effort from educational institutions, industries, and the government to bridge existing gaps. Enhanced industry collaboration is essential for the future sustainability and competitiveness of engineering education in Kerala.

Clean Energy Innovation in Campus Environment with Small-Scale Wind Power Plants Integrated with IoT

Universities as innovation centers have a strategic role in driving the clean energy transition through the implementation of small-scale wind power plants integrated with IoT. This article analyzes the potential of wind power technology in campus environments, which have an average low wind speed (3–5 m/s) through Savonius-type vertical axis turbines equipped with IoT modules for real-time monitoring of wind speed, wind direction, electrical energy production, and battery status. The results show that this technology is capable of producing 100–200 W of power with a wind energy conversion efficiency to electrical energy of up to 20-30%. The implementation of this technology not only increases energy independence but also becomes a renewable energy education platform for students. Multidisciplinary collaboration between the fields of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and informatics engineering is the key to system optimization, while green campus policies can accelerate the adoption of this technology nationally.

Torgue and flux ripple mitigation technique using multi-level inverter for sequential model predictive controlled induction motor

The control of electric motors presents a fascinating topic in the field of electrical engineering. Three-phase induction motors are extensively employed in industrial applications, because of their durability and cost-effectiveness. Hence, induction motor control research remains a major priority in electrical drive technology. Field-oriented control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) are the most common control methods for industrial applications up to now. Recently developed microcontroller processing capabilities have enabled novel control technology like model predictive control (MPC). High-performance drive systems could benefit from this new control method. One of MPC approach, referred to as finite control set-model predictive control (FCS-MPC), focuses on reducing a single cost function. This is achieved by adjusting a weighting factor to prioritize either torque or flux error reduction. However, the primary drawbacks of the standard FCS-MPC lie in determining these weighting factors and the variable switching frequency, which greatly varies based on the operational conditions. A control approach that eliminated the weighing factor was proposed. The proposed sequential model predictive control (SMPC) method is applied to a 3-phase induction motor operated by a 5-level CHB inverter. Simulation results matched theoretical analysis. Results demonstrated that stator flux and torque are independently controlled without weighting factor, and low harmonic distortion levels.

Impact of UPI’s EE Education Program on Professional Outcomes

This study explores the shortage of productive teachers in vocational secondary education schools in the field of electrical engineering in Indonesia by examining the contribution of the professional careers of graduates in the department of electrical engineering education at the Indonesian University of Education at the national level. The purpose of this study is to reveal the influence of aspects of motivation, social influence and social dissuasion on the contribution of the vocational teacher profession in the field of electrical engineering. This study involved 100 respondents who graduated from electrical engineering education from various graduate generations and provinces in Indonesia. The analysis and research methods used are descriptive quantitative approaches and data analysis techniques, including Jamovi for Windows version 1.6, SPSS for Windows and Microsoft Excel. From the results of the research, it is obtained that there is a simultaneous relationship between the shortage of productive teachers in the electrical engineering vocational field and non-teacher professions (the world of industry and business); this is indicated by indicators of motivational variables from career opportunities and social welfare; variables of social influence and study experience in universities; and variable indicators of social media disaffection, career challenges in the non-educational field, balance of workload and salary, gender recognition of female electrical engineering teachers, and policies in the system of qualifications, protection and teacher rights. This study introduces a novel exploration into the factors influencing the career trajectories of graduates from electrical engineering education in Indonesia, with a focus on motivational, social, and institutional elements. By combining descriptive quantitative analysis with advanced statistical tools, the research provides unique insights into the interplay between teacher shortages in vocational education and the attraction of non-teaching professions in industry and business.

Voltage dependence of dielectric permittivity in zinc oxide varistors under time-varying AC fields

Abstract The aging stability and performance monitoring of zinc oxide (ZnO) surge arresters have attracted considerable attention in the field of electrical engineering. However, the practical performance of existing solutions remains suboptimal. A key factor contributing to this limitation is the lack of sufficient research on the conductive properties of surge arresters and varistors. In time-varying alternating current (AC) fields, ZnO varistors exhibit nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics distinct from those in direct current (DC) fields. Such complex nonlinearity results in challenges in pertinent investigations. In this study, we experimentally investigated the AC response of ZnO varistors under varying voltage amplitudes and frequencies. Subsequently, their dynamic dielectric permittivities were calculated using appropriate models and equations. Moreover, building upon an in-depth exploration of their nonlinear response and dielectric properties, we developed relevant theories (e.g. dielectric relaxation) to analyze influencing factors and underlying mechanisms reasonably. Finally, we linked the relaxation of interfacial charges at the microscopic level with the macroscopic nonlinear characteristics and elaborated on the conduction mechanism in AC fields through the dynamic behavior of nonequilibrium charges in interfacial states. Our findings demonstrate that the dielectric permittivity of ZnO varistors exhibits a voltage dependence in time-varying AC fields, providing valuable insights into their aging stabilities. These insights will provide a foundation for improving the design, performance, and aging stability monitoring of ZnO varistors in surge arresters.

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Thermal Conductivity and Influencing Factors of Braided Carbon Fiber Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites

Rubber is widely applied in the field of electrical engineering due to its high elasticity. However, its poor thermal conductivity can cause localized overheating and eventual failure. This issue can be addressed through adding fillers with high thermal conductivity. In this study, natural rubber is selected as the matrix, while braided carbon fiber (B-CF), known for its excellent thermal conductivity, serves as the reinforcing phase. This research defines cubic Bessel curves, establishes a curvilinear coordinate system, and examines the orthogonal anisotropic thermal conductivity of B-CF bundles. It has been verified that eight cycles of fiber accurately represent the finite element simulation model. Based on this, the impact of the cross-sectional shape and area of the fiber bundle on heat dissipation was studied. The results show that the cross-sectional shape has minimal impact on heat dissipation, with temperature differences between the heat source center and the end of the cross-section line remaining within 1 °C. In contrast, the cross-sectional area significantly affects the reduction of the temperature, achieving reductions of up to 32.6% at the heat source center and 40.4% at the opposite side, respectively. This study provides valuable guidance for improving the thermal performance of braided fiber-reinforced rubber products.

A Comparative Study Between Synchrophasor-Measurement-Based Linear and Nonlinear State Estimation in Power Systems

The evolution of phasor measurement units (PMUs) marked a significant development in the field of electrical engineering. The integration of PMU-based linear state estimators or the augmentation of SCADA measurements with PMU measurements has emerged as a promising solution to address the limitations of conventional state estimation. The utilization of PMU measurements has been demonstrated to effectively address measurement errors, leading to the precise determination of the system’s state within a single iteration. This article provides a comprehensive discussion of both linear and nonlinear state estimation computational processes. A comparative analysis is conducted to assess their performance. PMU-based state estimator models are proposed based on different PMU locations and are further examined under abnormal conditions. The results are compared with the simulated results from a Simulink PSCAD model of the IEEE 14-bus system to ensure validation. The test results demonstrated that the proposed models outperformed the conventional model in terms of robustness and accuracy. The estimated and simulated states matched during both normal and abnormal conditions, demonstrating the model’s capability to track sudden changes in voltage profiles. This article promotes further investigations to develop new control and protection functions using this model.

Improving Neural Machine Translation in the Field of Electrical Engineering by Using Sentence Backbone Information

Due to the limited availability of corpora in the field of Electrical Engineering and the presence of numerous specialized terms, neural machine translation (NMT) performs poorly in translating the sentence backbone information when it is applied to corpora in the field of Electrical Engineering. In response to this issue, a method to improve NMT by using the sentence backbone information is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, the source language sentences are used as the input of the Sentence Backbone Information Extraction Model to obtain the sentence backbone information, and then the sentence backbone information are incorporated as an auxiliary during the training process of the NMT model. Furthermore, a module called the Sentence Backbone Information Enhancement Module is introduced. It utilizes the dependency parse trees of the source language sentences to generate the sentence backbone mask matrices. These matrices are then applied to the encoder to force the NMT model to pay more attention to the backbones of sentences. On the English-Chinese parallel corpus in the field of Electrical Engineering, the proposed method in this paper outperforms the Transformer baseline translation model by 1.25 BLEU points. And it outperforms the baseline model in both METEOR and ROUGE-L evaluation metrics. It indicates that the proposed method in this paper can effectively improve translation performance.

Preface

The year 2024 marks a significant milestone in the advancement of technological research and innovation, particularly in the fields of computer technology, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering. It is with great honor and enthusiasm that we present the proceedings of the 2024 9th International Seminar on Computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (ISCME 2024). This symposium stands as a testament to the continuous pursuit of knowledge and excellence in these crucial domains. Since its inception, ISCME has emerged as a prestigious platform for scholars, researchers, and practitioners from around the globe to converge, share insights, and explore the latest trends and challenges in computer technology, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering. The 9th edition, held in Nanjing, China in November 2024, continues this proud tradition, bringing together an impressive array of esteemed guests and speakers. List of Committee Member is available in this pdf.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МОБИЛЬНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ ПОДСТАНЦИЙ В НЕФТЕГАЗОВОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

The article deals with the economic efficiency of mobile electric substations in the oil and gas industry. The main attention is paid to the analysis of costs for the acquisition, installation and operation of mobile substations, as well as the assessment of their impact on improving the reliability of power supply and optimization of production processes. The authors examine various scenarios of mobile substations, including their use in remote fields and temporary load increases. The paper presents calculations of the economic feasibility of mobile substations, as well as a comparison with stationary substations. This material can serve as a basis for making managerial decisions in the field of electric power engineering in the oil and gas industry.

Student's motivational and value correlates specific for the engineering activity

The article discusses the issues of psychological factors of readiness for performing types of engineering tasks among students of technical fields of study. The authors focus on the motivational and value characteristics of a future technical specialist: internal and external motivation, personal values of self-development, creativity, achievements, material well-being, preservation of individuality, interest in the field of electrical and radio engineering, as well as types of orientation to engineering activities – research, design, production and organizational. The study is devoted for the identification of a stable relationship between motivational and value indicators and orientation towards types of engineering activities among technical students. An empirical study was conducted using the methods "Orientation to the type of engineering activity" (O.P. Godlinik), "Motivation of professional activity" (K. Zamfir), axiological orientation of personality (A.V. Kaptsov, L.V. Karpushina), "Golomstock's map of interests" (A.E. Golomstock, modified by O.P. Meshkovskaya, etc.), Spearman's Rank correlation method. The novelty of the research lies in the identification of motivational and value correlates for engineering. The main conclusions of the study: motivational indicators prevail in the focus on research and organizational types of engineering activities; for the focus on research and organizational types, the expression of motivation for success and internal positive motivation is of the greatest importance; for the focus on the design type, the value of material well-being is of the greatest importance; the reduction of the pragmatic value of achievements is of the greatest importance for the focus on the production type; the humanistic value of self-development is characteristic only for the focus on the organizational type of engineering activity; the pragmatic value of achievements in the inverse relationship is characteristic only for the focus on the production type of engineering activity.

Research of Graphene Instead of Silicon to Produce Supercomputers

Graphene is an emerging material in the field of electronics and electrical engineering in recent years, and it is composed of only a single layer of carbon atoms, which gives it some properties that many other materials do not have. For example: high conductivity, high carrier mobility, etc. Due to its excellent performance, it is widely used in many electronic devices, among which supercomputers are a typical example. Graphene replaces silicon in supercomputers to produce transistors for use in supercomputers, and it has its own drawbacks in the process of using graphene in the process of scientists because it is not entirely advantageous. This article will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of graphene as a substitute for silicon in supercomputers. In the first part, this paper will briefly introduce how graphene is made, the sources of demand for graphene, and how graphene works instead of silicon in supercomputers, then introduce the advantages of graphene, and finally introduce the disadvantages of graphene and how to deal with it. The research in this paper will be of great value for the further research and application of graphene.

Evaluation of the Curriculum for the Untirta Electrical Engineering Vocational Education Study Program Referring to the Needs of the World of Work and the Industrial World

This research aims to review and improve the curriculum of the Electrical Engineering Education Department at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University in accordance with developments in science and technology and the needs of stakeholders. Curriculum review and development is carried out by referring to graduate competencies in accordance with the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework (KKNI) in the field of Electrical Engineering and Electrical Engineering Education. This research is an evaluation research on curriculum implementation using the TIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model, and curriculum development through content analysis and discussion. The research results show that in general the implementation of the 2019 curriculum for the Vocational Education Department in Electrical Engineering is classified as appropriate (good) according to lecturer/alumni respondents, and quite appropriate (fairly good) according to student respondents. There are quite a lot of deficiencies, both in the content of the curriculum and the implementation of the curriculum, especially in the Input, Process and Product aspects. Based on the study of the evaluation results of the implementation of the curriculum and KKNI as well as the vision & mission and objectives of the Vocational Education Department of Electrical Engineering FKIP Untirta, a competency design can be formulated which should be mastered by undergraduate graduates majoring in Electrical Engineering Education as well as the draft curriculum framework. This design needs to be studied further and validated adequately so that a curriculum device can be produced that has relevance, quality and adequate benefits for students/graduates, society and the world of work.