Fenugreek Research Articles

Preparation, Characterization, and Controlled Release of Fenugreek Seed Extract-Loaded Nanoliposomes with Chitosan Surface Decoration

Preparation, Characterization, and Controlled Release of Fenugreek Seed Extract-Loaded Nanoliposomes with Chitosan Surface Decoration

Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Trigonella foenum-graecum L extract and examination of their photocatalytic and cytotoxic properties

Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Trigonella foenum-graecum L extract and examination of their photocatalytic and cytotoxic properties

Trigonelline, a Fenugreek Bioactive compound protects Heart tissue against alcohol intoxication: An in-vivo study focusing on antioxidant perspective

BackgroundTrigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as fenugreek and it is used as a spice. It has antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antilipedemic and other pharmocological properties. ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to detect the cardio protective activity of Trigonelline (TG) a bioactive compound of Trigonella foenum-graecum (TF) in alcohol intoxicated rats. Material and methodsThe young wistar strain albino rats are divided in to 5 groups and treatment was given as per the experimental protocol. Antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels are estimated in cardiac tissue of all experimental groups. Cardiac markers creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), troponin-T (TT), troponin-I (TI), myoglobin (MG) and serum markers alanine transaminase (AAT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) are estimated. Free radical scavenging activities like 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical are estimated in ethanolic extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum. ResultsSOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GSH activities are depleted and MDA, CK-MB, TT, TI, MG and AAT, AST, ALP activities are elevated in alcohol intoxicated rats. Trigonelline supplementation to alcoholic rats for 30 days elevated antioxidant enzymes, depleted MDA, cardiac markers and serum markers in alcohol intoxicated rats. Free radical scavenging assay also reported that Trigonella foenum-graecum possess free radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, our histopathological evidence also proved that TG protected the cardiac tissue from alcohol induced toxicity in all the experimental rats. ConclusionOur study concluded that TG may be useful to the alcoholic and myocardial infarction subjects.

A holistic cure for cancer and survival from the indirect effects of nuclear attack

Background: The global search for a safe, irreversible cure after lethal radiation exposure and cancer has not been successful since World War II. Nuclear warfare cannot be recreated in a laboratory. Simulation experiments require highly classified, expensive, and approved infrastructure. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy affect both healthy and damaged cells and often lead to cancer recurrence. A lethal dose of ionizing radiation (IR) is devastating because of instant, massive, and diffuse DNA breaks, chromosomal aberrations, tissue oxidation, and the cascading generation of free radicals, and it can cause cancer. People exposed to a nuclear attack directly cannot be cured. Methods: A formulation comprising aqueous extracts of leaves of Indian bael (Aegle marmelos) and Oxalis corniculate, roots of ginseng (Panax ginseng), custard apple (Annona squamosa) or sitaphal cotyledons, methi (Fenugreek) seeds, and lytic Newcastle disease virus (nonhuman) was used. A few doses of the formulation were injected intraperitoneally into lethally gamma-irradiated mice; mice were also injected with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Breast and cervical cancer cells were treated with this formulation in vitro. Results: We have developed a solution to the lasting problem. The formulation induced apoptosis in IR-damaged cancer cells by the developed formulation in vivo and in vitro, with no subsequent regrowth. No adverse effects were observed. The control ‘DF1’ Fibroblast cells did not exhibit any change after the drug administration. A possible explanation is the loss of defense responses in damaged cells, allowing the multiplication of the killer virus. Thus, people with cancer and those who escape the direct impacts of nuclear accidents may be saved. The lyophilized components can be stored at room temperature under field conditions. Conclusion: Successful treatment with herbs and virotherapy (a nanomedicine) can be delivered as tablets (a stable formulation) to remote areas, which may be a permanent solution to the prolonged search for the treatment of radiation exposure.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Fenugreek and Fennel Seeds on Certain Blood Biochemical Properties of Local Female Goats

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Fenugreek and Fennel Seeds on Certain Blood Biochemical Properties of Local Female Goats

Effect of Adding Fennel and Fenugreek Seeds to Diets of Local Female Goats on some Productive Traits

Effect of Adding Fennel and Fenugreek Seeds to Diets of Local Female Goats on some Productive Traits

Formulation and Evaluation of Metformin Using Fenugreek Seed Mucilage Used as a Natural Polymer

The major goal of this study was to develop and test metformin sustained release tablets employing fenugreek seed mucilage (FSM) as a new binder, as opposed to standard polymers such as xanthan gum and HPMC. The study shows how FSM provides sustained medication release while keeping metformin physicochemical characteristics. The sustained-release matrix tablets were made on a laboratory scale utilizing the wet granulation process. 5 batches were created, each with varying quantities of fenugreek seed mucilage, xanthan gum, and HPMC. To examine the tablet's physical properties and consistency, different criteria such as thickness, hardness, weight variation, and content homogeneity were measured. FTIR tests were performed to determine the compatibility of metformin and the polymers employed. The results showed no incompatibility, indicating that the novel excipient, FSM was not affecting the drug's physicochemical qualities. The in-vitro drug dissolution investigation was conducted utilizing a USP type-II paddle apparatus to quantify the drug release rate from dosage forms and to assess thepolymers' efficacy in retarding drug release. The study discovered that raising the concentration ofthe matrix ingredient reduced the medication release rate. Among the formulations, the combination of FSM with HPMC (MS1) resulted in 95% drug release, FSM with xanthan gum achieved 96% drug release, and the MS4 formulation had the greatest drug release rate. Finally, the study showed that fenugreek seed mucilage and xanthan gum effectively develop metformin continuous-release matrix tablets. Lower concentrations of these polymers were more suited and effective, resulting in sustained drug release. This study demonstrates the potential of fenugreek seed mucilage as a novel and effective binder in sustained-release formulations.

Headspace analysis of volatiles from commercial seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. obtained from four Middle Eastern countries

ABSTRACT Trigonella foenum-graecum L. commonly known as fenugreek, is an important economic and medicinal plant cultivated in various regions of the world. Fenugreek produces several important active chemical constituents that determine its pharmacological properties. The aim of this research was to analyze the volatile constituents spontaneously emitted by eight samples of fenugreek seeds purchased from different Middle Eastern drugstores, including Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, and Iran. A total of 70 constituents belonging to different chemical classes, including monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, phenylpropanoids, apocarotenes, nitrogen/sulfur derivatives, and non-terpene derivatives, were characterized in the volatile emissions of the eight samples, some components with significant olfactory properties were detected such as γ-nonalactone, cumin aldehyde, (E)-cinnamaldehyde, p-anisaldehyde, and eugenol. PCA showed two macro-clusters; the first comprised two sub-groups, while the second included only Yemeni samples. The findings of this study demonstrate that the significant variation for volatile profiles in fenugreek samples which are prone to variations in the geographical origin of these samples.

Extraction of Chemical constituents from Flaxseeds and Fenugreek seeds by different Extraction methods and screening of their activity

The seeds of fenugreek and flaxseeds are ayurvedic drugs with no side effects that are known to control many diseases. When extracted using harmful chemicals such as petroleum ether, hexane, etc., flaxseed oil and fenugreek oil's had an ability to control blood glucose levels. Hence, we intend to extract these oils using green chemistry principles. Accordingly, we plan to test by using four different methods of extracting flaxseed and fenugreek oil, following green chemistry principles, to determine which yields the most effective results. We used mol inspiration web software to calculate some of the QSAR parameters in this study. Then, using an in vitro method known as DNSA, we screened for anti-diabetic activity with the help of UV. We determined the combined and individual anti-diabetic effects of both oils.

Nano-encapsulation of fenugreek and coriander essential oils using copper oxide NPs: Novel approach for augmenting their effectiveness against Colletotrichum nymphaeae

Nanotechnology has become a driving force in several sectors, particularly in improving plant disease control and agricultural practices. It is predicted that the integration of nanotechnology into research will revolutionise the management of post-harvest losses in horticultural crops. The emergence of resistant fungal strains due to the overuse of artificial antifungals highlights the need for alternative solutions. Harnessing the natural antifungal properties of plant essential oils (EOs) encapsulated in environmentally friendly nanosystems shows promise in addressing this challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of encapsulating EOs extracted from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum) within copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) against Colletotrichum nymphaeae. The study showed that the EOs derived from fenugreek and coriander plants significantly inhibited the growth of C. nymphaeae mycelium. This inhibition was observed at concentrations of 600 and 900 ppm after 3 and 6 days of incubation. CuO-NPs effectively inhibited the growth of C. nymphaeae mycelium at various concentrations over different incubation periods, with the highest inhibition (approximately 99.9 %) observed at 900 ppm after six days. Encapsulation of these EOs in CuO-NPs showed synergistic effects against C. nymphaeae, achieving over 90 % inhibition of mycelial growth. Furthermore, the use of CuO-NPs encapsulated EOs resulted in a significant reduction in mycelial growth at different concentrations and time points. When fenugreek EOs were encapsulated with CuO-NPs, they had a stronger impact on the growth of C. nymphaeae mycelium compared to coriander EO. This impact was discernible across concentrations ranging from 90 to 900 ppm. Over an incubation period spanning 3, 6, 9, and 12 days, the inhibitory effects were observed to be 100 %, 100 %, 95.6 %, and 96.7 %, respectively. This study highlights the potential of encapsulated EOs as effective antifungal agents for pathogen control, offering practical solutions for disease management in agriculture.

Impact of salinity and fertilization on soil properties, and root development in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) cultivation

Salinity is a paramount factor that poses challenges to agricultural productivity and sustainability. At the same time, fenugreek is valued as a forage crop for its medicinal properties in addition to its extensive edible use. The objective of this study is to explore how fertilization and salinity impact soil physical properties and root system development in fenugreek cultivation. A field experiment was established at the Agricultural University of Athens during growing seasons 2019-2020 (1st GS) and 2020-2021 (2nd GS) in a split-splot design with the 2 main salinity treatments (High salinity; HS & Conventional salinity; CS) and 5 fertilization treatments (biocyclic-vegan (BHS), manure (FYM), compost (COMP), inorganic fertilization (11-15-15) and the control (C). Soil porosity was statistically significantly affected by both salinity (p<=0.05) and fertilization (p<=0.001). Also, organic matter was significantly affected by fertilization (p<=0.001). HS (59.78±2.65) resulted in 20.02% fewer nodules on plant roots compared to CS treatments (71.75±2.65). The maximum number of nodules was recorded in the FYM treatment (68.93±0.77). In addition, mean root diameter was affected by fertilization (p<=0.01) COMP (2.92±0.31 mm) and NPK treatments (2.83±0.31 mm) resulted in 19.52% and 23.32% smaller root diameter respectively compared to BHS, while FYM (2.68±0.31 mm) resulted in a 30.22% smaller diameter. A significant increase of seed yield was noticed under organic fertilization where the highest yield of 2.1 t ha−1 was recorded in BHS (2nd GS). Although fenugreek was affected by high salinity, it demonstrated considerable resistance and maintained its yields, rendering it a crop suitable for challenging soils.

Optimizing fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) oil yield and compositions in intercropping through growth-promoting bacteria and mycorrhiza

IntroductionBiofertilizers and intercropping are two main components in sustainable production systems.Materials and methodsA two-year (2020–2021) study was conducted in East Azarbaijan, Iran, to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), growth-promoting bacteria (GPB) and chemical fertilizer (CF) on fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) (F) oil yield and compositions in intercropping with Moldavian balm (Dracocephalam mobdavica L.) (MB). The cropping patterns included MB sole cropping, fenugreek sole cropping (F) and replacement intercropping ratios consisted of Moldavian balm : fenugreek (MB:F (1:1)), MB:F (2:2) and MB:F (4:2) and additive intercropping of MB:F (100:50).ResultsFor both years, among the intercropping patters, the highest seed and oil yields were obtained in MB:F (100:50) intercropping pattern treated with CF and AMF+GPB. In all cropping patterns except MB:F (4:2), the highest anthocyanin, total flavonoid, and mucilage contents were observed in plants received AMF+GPB. At all treatments, the linoleic, oleic, and linolenic acid were the main components of fenugreek oil. In MB:F (1:1), (2:2), (4:2), and (100:50) intercropping patterns, the linoleic acid content in AMF+GPB treatment, increased by 9.45%, 6.63%, 15.20%, and 7.82%, respectively, compared with sole fenugreek. The highest total land equivalent ratio (LERT) values were obtained in 2021 and MB:F (100:50) intercropping pattern treated with CF (1.70) and AMF+GPB (1.63).ConclusionsIn general, it could be concluded that MB:F (100:50) intercropping pattern treated with AMF+GPB improved the oil yield and unsaturated fatty acid contents of fenugreek compared with sole cropping and could be recommended in sustainable production systems.

Fenugreek seed proteins: Ultrasonic‐assisted extraction, characterization, and cupcake application

AbstractIn this study, fenugreek seed proteins were extracted using ultrasonic‐assisted extraction with varying solid:solvent ratios (20–60 g/L) and sonication amplitudes (30%–80%) to determine optimal conditions for the highest extraction yield. The functional, structural, and nutritional characteristics of the protein isolates of fenugreek seeds were investigated. The highest yield (98.74 ± 0.49%) was achieved at a solid:solvent ratio of 43.83 g/L and an amplitude of 67.51%. The coagulated protein values of fenugreek seed protein isolates ranged from ~15.8% to 31.2%, water‐holding capacities ranged from ~2.2 to 3.2 g/g, oil‐holding capacities ranged from ~2.6 to 4.1 g/g, foaming capacities ranged from ~16.3% to 21.3%, foam stabilities ranged from ~59.7% to 78.1%, emulsion stabilities ranged from ~30.2 to 34.5 min, emulsion activities ranged from ~73.8 to 76.8 m2/g, and emulsion capacities ranged from ~26.9% to 30.5% under different extraction conditions. SDS‐PAGE analysis revealed three distinct bands (46, 59, and 80 kDa) for the protein isolates. FT‐IR spectroscopy showed a high presence of β‐sheet structures. The amino acid composition analysis of fenugreek seed protein isolates was determined, revealing richness in essential amino acids (317.97 g amino acid/kg protein isolate). In addition, cupcakes enriched with protein isolates (5%, 10%, and 20% as flour substitutes) were produced, and quality properties such as color change, browning index, moisture content, water activity, baking yield, bulk density, hardness, volume, symmetry, and uniformity indexes were determined. The application of protein isolates in cupcake production demonstrated the potential of fenugreek seeds as valuable ingredients for enhancing the nutritional profile of bakery products.

Effect of Fenugreek Seed Powder as Feed Additive on Growth Performance, Carcass, Organ Characteristics and Nutrient Digestibility of Finisher Broiler Chickens

This study was conducted to determine the effect of varying levels of fenugreek seed powder as feed additive on the growth performance, carcass, internal organ characteristics and nutrient digestibility coefficient of broiler finisher chickens. The experiment utilized a total of one hundred and sixty (160) broiler finisher chickens of Abor Arce breed. Four experimental diets were formulated, incorporating fenugreek seed powder at levels of 0, 100, 200, and 300g per kilogram of feed, labelled T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The birds were divided into four (4) groups of forty (40) birds each, and each group was assigned one of the diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Further division within each group resulted in four (4) replicates of ten (10) birds each. Feed and water were provided ad libitum, and the collected data underwent statistical analysis. The duration of the experiment was 28 days. The results indicated notable differences (p<0.05) in final weight gain, body weight gain, and feed intake among the birds across the treatments. T4 demonstrated the highest significant (p<0.05) values for feed intake, which increased with the higher levels of fenugreek seed powder in the diet. The feed conversion ratio of the birds remained unaffected by the diet, with T4 showing the lowest feed conversion ratio. Additionally, the live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, and primal cut-parts (thigh, drumstick, back, wing, and breast) were significantly influenced (p<0.05) by the diets, with T4 recording the highest values for these parameters. The internal organs of the birds were not impacted by the diet, while a significant reduction in abdominal fat was observed in T4. Furthermore, the nutrient digestibility coefficient of the broiler chickens was significantly affected (p<0.05) by the diet, with T4 exhibiting the highest significant nutrient digestibility coefficient value. Hence, it can be concluded that adding fenugreek seed powder to broiler diets at 300g/100kg feed as a feed additive enhances growth performance, carcass internal organ characteristics, and nutrient digestibility coefficient of the birds.

Stilbenoids from fenugreek seeds alleviate insulin resistance by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in a type 2 diabetes zebrafish model

Insulin resistance (IR) is the main cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The specific targets and underlying mechanisms responsible for the ameliorative effects of the stilbenoid compounds found in fenugreek seeds for ameliorating IR require further study. Here, we were predicted by using the network pharmacology prediction, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach the targets in common and the potential mechanismsof three stilbenoid compounds (rhaponticin, desoxyrhaponticin, and rhapontigenin) in relation to T2DM and IR. The results showed that the compounds may improve IR through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. Molecular docking studies revealed that they exhibit high binding affinity with the structural domains of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), PI3K, and AKT. These results suggest that PPARG and GAPDH may be the potential targets for these three compounds in the treatment of T2DM.Subsequently, experiments using the zebrafish T2DM model showed that the stilbenoid compounds had varying degrees of efficacy in improving IR through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and rhaponticin had the most promising effects. The findings implicate a potential mechanism of action for the three stilbenoid compounds in enhancing insulin resistance (IR) through modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Camel Milk Supplemented with Fenugreek Seeds Improve Lipid Profile, Atherogenic Index and Antioxidative Status in Animal Model of Cardiovascular Disorders

Camel Milk Supplemented with Fenugreek Seeds Improve Lipid Profile, Atherogenic Index and Antioxidative Status in Animal Model of Cardiovascular Disorders

Pear (Pyrus communis)-based agroecosystem improves soil nutrient dynamics, microbial biomass, enzymatic activity, farm productivity and profitability

North-western Indian farmers are increasingly showing interest in adopting horticulture-based systems to enhance their farm productivity with anticipated profits. So, there is a need for systematic evaluation of different pear-based agroecosystems with respect to its productivity, profitability, soil health, and biodiversity to tackle the problems of modern agriculture (food security, declining soil health, and sustainability). Therefore, an intercropping experiment comprising 11 treatments viz. [T1: Pear (Pyrus communis) + Pea (Pisum sativum), T2: Pear + Radish (Raphanus sativa), T3: Pear + Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), T4: Pear + Kasuri fenugreek (Trigonella corniculata), T5: Pear + fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), T6: Pear + Spinach (Spinacia oleracea), T7: Pear + Green onion (Allium fistolosum), T8: Pear + Cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis), T9: Pear + Toria (Brassica rapa), T10: Pear + Knol khol (Brassica oleraceae var. gongylodes) and T11: Pear monoculture] were laid out in randomized block design with three replications at farmer's field, Tarn Taran district, Punjab, India during 2021–22 and 2022–23. The results showed that the lesser values of bulk density (1.30 g/cm3) and higher water holding capacity (42.52%) were observed in the Pear + kasuri fenugreek intercropping system. All the legumes-based intercropping systems viz. Pear + kasuri fenugreek, Pear + fenugreek, and Pear + pea were significantly efficient in bringing enhancements to the chemical properties of the orchard's soil. Under various pear-based intercropping systems, different microbial populations (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and diazotrophs) were significantly higher in legume-based intercropping systems of Pear + kasuri fenugreek, Pear + fenugreek, and Pear + pea and resulting in more enzymatic activity in the soil in terms of dehydrogenase (63.02, 61.88, and 60.48 µg TPF/g of soil/hour, respectively), alkaline phosphatase (10.05, 9.92, and 9.75 µg PNP/g of soil/hour, respectively) and urease (17.84, 17.18, 17.00 µg /g of soil/hour, respectively). The intercropping system of Pear + kasuri fenugreek significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (42.20%) and microbial biomass nitrogen (65.02%) over Pear monoculture. The correlation analysis of various soil's physiochemical and biological parameters indicated significant associations among themselves at p = 0.01, 0.05. The intercropping system of Pear + kasuri fenugreek also produced significantly higher system productivity in early (122.20 kg/ha/day in 2021–22 and 123.86 kg/ha/day in 2022–23) and main season (119.08 kg/ha/day in 2021–22 and 121.60 kg/ha/day in 2022–23) due to significantly higher pear yield (340.02 q/ha in 2021–22 and 341.89 q/ha in 2022–23) and higher pear equivalent yield (105.99 in early season, 94.64 q/ha in main season of 2021–22 & 110.20 in early season, 101.94 q/ha in main season of 2022–23) observed by kasuri fenugreek, resulting in higher net returns, BC ratio and economic efficiency in both seasons during both years over other intercropping systems.

Incorporation of compost and biochar enhances yield and medicinal compounds in seeds of water-stressed Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants cultivated in saline calcareous soils

BackgroundThe combination of compost and biochar (CB) plays an important role in soil restoration and mitigation strategies against drought stress in plants. In the current study, the impact of CB was determined on the characteristics of saline calcareous soil and the productivity of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) plants. The field trials examined CB rates (CB0, CB10 and CB20 corresponding to 0, 10, and 20 t ha‒1, respectively) under deficit irrigation [DI0%, DI20%, and DI40% receiving 100, 80, and 60% crop evapotranspiration (ETc), respectively] conditions on growth, seed yield (SY), quality, and water productivity (WP) of fenugreek grown in saline calcareous soils.ResultsIn general, DI negatively affected the morpho-physio-biochemical responses in plants cultivated in saline calcareous soils. However, amendments of CB10 or CB20 improved soil structure under DI conditions. This was evidenced by the decreased pH, electrical conductivity of soil extract (ECe), and bulk density but increased organic matter, macronutrient (N, P, and K) availability, water retention, and total porosity; thus, maintaining better water and nutritional status. These soil modifications improved chlorophyll, tissue water contents, cell membrane stability, photosystem II photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic performance, and nutritional homeostasis of drought-stressed plants. This was also supported by increased osmolytes, non-enzymatic, and enzymatic activities under DI conditions. Regardless of DI regimes, SY was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved by 40.0 and 102.5% when plants were treated with CB10 and CB20, respectively, as similarly observed for seed alkaloids (87.0, and 39.1%), trigonelline content (43.8, and 16.7%) and WP (40.9, and 104.5%) over unamended control plants.ConclusionsOverall, the application of organic amendments of CB can be a promising sustainable solution for improving saline calcareous soil properties, mitigating the negative effects of DI stress, and enhancing crop productivity in arid and semi-arid agro-climates.

Evaluation and observance of variation in chemical and antioxidant activity changes during the development of fenugreek seeds following thin-layer chromatography–fingerprint and marker analysis

Evaluation and observance of variation in chemical and antioxidant activity changes during the development of fenugreek seeds following thin-layer chromatography–fingerprint and marker analysis

Nutraceutical activities of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Nigella sativa seeds in the management of diabetes-induced in albino rats.

Diabetes causes elevated blood sugar levels, and it has been categorized as one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide. This work aimed to analyze and compare the nutraceutical and therapeutic efficacy of fenugreek seeds (FSs) (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and black cumin seeds (BCSs) (Nigella sativa) against streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in albino rats. FS and BCSs were evaluated for proximate analysis, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities. Male albino rats were used to evaluate the in vivo antidiabetic activities of these medicinal plants for 42 days. Blood samples were drawn at regular intervals of 1 week to analyze blood glucose, plasma insulin, and cholesterol levels and to determine the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) index. At the end of the trial, pancreas tissue was also collected for histological examination. Results of the proximate analysis showed the significant presence of moisture, ash, fat, protein, and fiber. Antioxidant parameters like 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content were found to be significant. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in blood glucose level, serum cholesterol level, and insulin resistance in treatment groups T3-T5. Insulin and body weight results of treatment groups were significant (p<0.05) compared to streptozotocin-intoxicated animals. Histological examination revealed the nutraceutical impact of selected herbal plants due to enhancing impact on the size and the number of β-cells in the pancreas. Findings of current research work explore the antidiabetic capacity of selected nutraceutical and medicinal plants.