Female Patients Research Articles

Short-term effect of sunshine duration on daily emergency visits for hip fractures in Beijing, China: a time-series study.

Studies on the associations between sunshine duration and emergency visits for hip fractures (HF) are limited. This study aimed to assess the short-term effect of sunshine duration on the risk of emergency visits for HF. Daily emergency visits for HF at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from 2015 to 2019 and contemporaneous meteorological and air pollutant data were collected. A Poisson generalized linear regression model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model was applied to analyze the lag-exposure-response relationship between sunshine duration and HF. Stratified analysis was performed by gender and age. A total of 10,874 cases were identified. The overall cumulative exposure-response curve showed a U-shaped relationship between sunshine duration and HF. With 7.2h as the reference (lowest HF emergency visit risk), significant single-day effects of short sunshine duration (0h, 2.5th percentile) were observed from the 11th to the 13th day, peaking on lag day 13 (RR = 1.033, 95% CI: 1.003-1.065), while its cumulative effects lasted from lag days 0-11 to 0-14, with the highest RR of 1.327 (95% CI: 1.088-1.619) at lag day 0-14. Significant single-day effects of long sunshine duration (12.7h, 97.5th percentile) occurred from the 10th to the 12th day, peaking on the 12th day (RR = 1.030, 95% CI: 1.000-1.061), but no cumulative lag effects were found. This U-shaped pattern was consistent across subgroups, especially among female patients and those aged 66-79years; conversely, the risk of HF-related emergency visits decreased with increasing sunshine duration in patients aged 40-65years with a relatively high uncertainty. Both short and long durations of sunshine are associated with an increased risk of HFs emergency visits. Females and patients aged 66-79years might be more vulnerable to short sunshine duration.

Effects of sperm DNA fragmentation on embryo morphokinetic parameters and laboratory outcomes in women of different ages during intracytoplasmic sperm treatment cycles.

Whether SDF (sperm DNA fragmentation) influences embryo development and the clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles remains controversial. Oocytes derived from women of different ages have varying abilities to repair SDF. This study aimed to explore the correlation between SDF and the morphokinetic parameters of embryos during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment cycles with consideration of the different ages of female patients. A total of 301 ICSI cycles between April 2022 and December 2023 were analyzed in this retrospective study. Cycles were categorized into two groups according to female age: the older group (females aged ≥ 35years) and the younger group (females aged < 35years). Moreover, each age group was further divided into low- and high-spermDNA fragmentation index (DFI) subgroups. The morphokinetic parameters of embryo development and the laboratory outcomes were compared between the two DFI subgroups within each age category. In the younger group, there were no differences between the two DFI groups in terms of the rate of usable blastocyst formation on Day 5; time to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 cells; or timing of blastulation. However, in the older group, the rate of usable blastocyst formation on Day 5 was significantly greater in the low DFI group than in the high DFI group (35.6% vs. 23.4%, p = 0.030). Although the times to reach 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 cells were similar across the two DFI groups, the time to blastulation (tB) was significantly shorter in the low DFI group than in the high DFI group (106.5 ± 9.0h vs. 111.1 ± 10.3h, p = 0.013). SDF could adversely affect the rate of usable blastocyst formation on Day 5 and delay the formation of usable blastocysts only when oocytes were derived from women of advanced maternal age. These results may indicate that oocytes derived from younger females have a greater capacity to repair SDF than those from women of advanced maternal age.

The effect of hypertension on cognitive dysfunction in female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome

The effect of hypertension on cognitive dysfunction in female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome

IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY HYPERTENSION – CASE PRESENTATION

&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;p1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a hemodynamic condition characterized by a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) &amp;amp;ge; 25 mmHg at rest, pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) &amp;amp;le; 15 mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) &amp;amp;gt; 240 dyn&amp;amp;middot;s&amp;amp;middot;cm&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;s1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;⁻&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;⁵. The annual incidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is approximately 3&amp;amp;ndash;10 new cases per million adults. It is estimated that the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in individuals over 65 years of age is around 10%.The aim of this study is to present the case of a female patient with progressive dyspnea in whom PAH remained undiagnosed for a prolonged period.A 74-year-old female patient, M.P., was hospitalized in the Coronary Care Unit of the Clinical Center in Kosovska Mitrovica due to symptoms of shortness of breath, choking, fatigue, leg swelling, and weakness. The admission ECG revealed: sinus rhythm, normal axis, high R wave in V2, ST depression, and negative T waves in leads II, III, aVF, and V4&amp;amp;ndash;V5. Echocardiography findings showed right ventricular enlargement (2.9 cm), pulmonary artery dilation (3.3 cm), 1&amp;amp;ndash;2+ pulmonary regurgitation, and 3+ tricuspid regurgitation, with a systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) of up to 126 mmHg. The right ventricle measured 5.3 cm in the 4Ch view, with a TAPSE of 1.8 cm. Right heart catheterization revealed the following pressures: PA 78/34/57 mmHg, RV 74/8/10 mmHg, RA 6/6/7 mmHg, CO 4.3 l/min, and LV 99/10/8 mmHg. Although primary pulmonary hypertension is predominantly a disease of younger individuals, it should also be considered in older patients presenting with progressive dyspnea in the absence of structural heart disease.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

Comparative evaluation of sequential maxillary molar distalization utilizing clear aligners in combination with micro-implants and Class II elastics for reinforcing the anchorage- A finite element model study

This study aims to perform a comparative evaluation of sequential maxillary molar distalization using clear aligners in combination with micro-implants and Class II elastics for reinforcing anchorage. The goal is to assess the biomechanical effectiveness and outcomes of these methods in achieving distalization without unwanted tooth movements.A finite element model (FEM) study was conducted using the CBCT data of a 21-year-old female patient with Class II malocclusion. The 3D model of the maxilla and maxillary dentition was created and meshed for simulation. Five sub-models were developed to represent different treatment scenarios: clear aligners alone (control), aligners with Class II elastics using buttons or precision cuts, and aligners with micro-implants combined with elastics. Each model simulated sequential molar distalization with static loading forces. Displacement and stress responses were analyzed to determine the effectiveness and control of tooth movements.The FEM simulations revealed that the use of clear aligners with Class II elastics and micro-implants enhanced molar distalization efficiency while minimizing mesial displacement of anchorage teeth. Models with precision cuts and micro-implants showed superior anchorage control, reducing unwanted tipping and rotation. The greatest displacement was observed in models using precision cuts with Class II elastics, while the least displacement occurred in the control models.The study concluded that Class II elastics provide superior control over molar movement compared to micro-implants when used with clear aligners for sequential maxillary molar distalization. Precision cuts on aligners offer better anchorage reinforcement than buttons.

Migraine and MRI: uncovering potential associations

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the association between patients with migraine headaches and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.BackgroundMigraine is a frequently encountered primary headache disorder with a disproportionate female predominance. Diagnosis is usually based on the patient’s clinical history with neuroimaging reserved for severe or atypical presentations to exclude other pathologies. Migraine patients often experience a profound impact on their quality of life.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan, involving patients with a clinical diagnosis of migraine who had undergone MRI brain imaging between January 2021 to March 2023. Descriptive data were documented, with two independent neuro-radiologists interpreting MRI findings.ResultsOur study included 670 migraine patients (510 females; mean age, 40.3 years). White matter hyperintensity lesions were found in 309 patients (46.1%), significantly affecting older age groups with a mean age of 46.8 years (p > 0.001). Additionally, gender played a role, with a higher prevalence of these lesions in female migraine patients, accounting for 79.6% (p = 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis proved age to be an independent risk factor for the presence of white matter hyperintensity lesions (OR: 1.0688, 95% CI: 1.0546–1.0831, p > 0.001).ConclusionWhite matter hyperintensity lesions were seen in the MRI imaging of a subset of migraine patients. Patients with these lesions tend to be older and of female gender. However, the clinical significance of these findings remains unclear.

Rehabilitation treatment of female patients after uterine endoscopic surgery for infertility using complex physio- and hydrogen sulfide balneotherapy

Rehabilitation treatment of female patients after uterine endoscopic surgery for infertility using complex physio- and hydrogen sulfide balneotherapy

Risk of Vulvar HSIL and Penile Neoplasias in Anogenital Lichen Planus: A Case-Control Study.

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that may affect the skin, scalp, nails, and mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of genital premalignant and malignant conditions in patients with anogenital LP (agLP). We identified 60 male and 56 female patients with agLP by searching the biobank archives for a genital or perianal skin biopsy showing LP between 2004 and 2020. We also included 10 randomly selected age- and sex-matched controls for each patient. The risks of genital cancers and their precursors were evaluated. The incidence of agLP was 1.54 per 100,000 men and 1.36 per 100,000 women. There was no statistical difference between male and female incidence (p = .5721). The odds ratio (OR) for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) of the vulva was 31.2 (95% CI = 2.46-1645.00; p = .01). The OR for penile neoplasias could not be calculated because control patients had no neoplasias, but the difference was suggestive of statistical significance (95% CI = 1.90-infinite; p = .008). The mean age at the time of diagnosis of agLP was 59.9 years (median 62 years) in female patients and 40.8 years (median 33 years) in male patients. The difference in the mean ages of female and male patients was statistically significant (95% CI = 11.92-26.13; p < .001). Patients with agLP may have an increased risk for vulvar HSIL and penile neoplasia.

Association of migraine treatments with reduced ischemic stroke risk: Evidence from two large-scale real-world data analyses.

To compare the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with migraine treated with first-line medications, including valproate, topiramate, metoprolol, timolol, or propranolol, versus those not receiving these treatments, using data from two large electronic health records datasets. The impact of first-line migraine medications on ischemic stroke risk in patients with migraine remains uncertain, highlighting the need for further investigation. We conducted a retrospective case-control study using data from Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) and the All of Us Research Program. Cases were patients with a primary ischemic stroke diagnosis after their first migraine diagnosis, while controls had no ischemic stroke following their initial migraine diagnosis. In the VUMC database, 356 cases and 15,231 controls were identified; the All of Us database included 256 cases and 6590 controls. Propranolol was the only medication significantly associated with a reduced risk of ischemic stroke in female patients with migraine (VUMC: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33-0.86, p = 0.013; All of Us: aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.19-0.77, p = 0.010), particularly in those with migraine without aura (VUMC: aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.29-0.90, p = 0.027; All of Us: aOR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10-0.62, p = 0.006). The Cox model showed lower ischemic stroke rates in propranolol-treated female patients with migraine at 10 years in the VUMC data (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.45, 95% CI 0.24-0.83; p = 0.011, log-rank p < 0.001) and 10 years in the All of Us data (aHR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.87; p = 0.048, log-rank p = 0.003). Among various migraine treatments, propranolol was notably associated with a significant reduction in ischemic stroke risk among female patients with migraine, particularly those without aura. These findings suggest a potential dual benefit of propranolol in managing migraine and reducing stroke risk, highlighting the need for further prospective studies to confirm these results and potentially inform clinical practice.

Effect of isotretinoin treatment on sleep quality in acne vulgaris patients.

Isotretinoin is a systemic treatment agent used in patients with severe acne vulgaris. It has been reported to have side effects associated with depression, sleep apnea, and hypersomnia. There are some studies in the literature suggesting that isotretinoin may cause sleep disturbances. The aim of this study was to investigate whether sleep quality is affected in acne vulgaris patients receiving isotretinoin treatment. Fifty patients with acne vulgaris who were receiving isotretinoin treatment and who were referred to the dermatology polyclinic were included in the study. Two Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires, consisting of 7 components and 19 items, were administered to the patients, one during the treatment period and one before the treatment period. Scores ranged from 0 to 21, with scores of 5 and above indicating poor sleep quality. Before isotretinoin treatment, the average PSQI score of male patients was 11.5 ± 4.95, while after treatment it was 18.0 ± 6.69. In female patients, the average PSQI score before treatment was 9.50 ± 4.81, During treatment, it was observed as 14.0 ± 6.28. An increase in scores was observed in both sexes after isotretinoin. The change before and after treatment was considered significant (P < 0.001). In our study, we observed a negative effect of isotretinoin on sleep quality. Some experimental studies have shown that retinoic acids can affect the pathways in the brain that regulate sleep, but further research is needed in this area.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter from 1990 to 2021: Sex Differences and Global Burden Projections to 2046 - A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (AF/AFL) are critical global health concerns, yet studies on burden trends and sex differences remain limited. This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, applying methods such as age-period-cohort analysis and joinpoint regression models to evaluate trends and sex differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of AF/AFL among individuals aged 30 and above from 1990 to 2021, and employed Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) analysis to predict future trends from 2022 to 2046. In 2021, AF/AFL affected around 52.6 million people globally, with significant increases in cases, deaths, and DALYs since 1990. While the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) remained stable, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) slightly declined, and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) increased. Moreover, there were significant differences in the disease burden between male and female patients. Males had higher prevalence and DALYs, with older age contributing to higher rates. Key risk factors included high systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and alcohol use, with female patients exhibiting a higher age-standardized rates associated with elevated body mass index compared to their male counterparts. BAPC predicted stable ASPR and ASIR in males but rising rates in females, with ASMR expected to decline for both sexes. The global burden of AF/AFL is rising, particularly among women, and in low-socio-demographic index regions. This underscores the urgent need for targeted prevention strategies and optimized management of modifiable risk factors, with a specific focus on these vulnerable groups.

Liver-Kidney-Metabolic Health, Sex, and Menopause Impact Total Scores and Monovessel vs. Multivessel Coronary Artery Calcification.

Liver-kidney-metabolic health (LKMH) depends on complex interactions between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), sex, and reproductive status. This study evaluates in a holistic manner how LKMH, sex, and menopause influence coronary artery calcification (CAC) burden. Patients without previous cardiovascular disease were prospectively recruited. Liver fat was assessed via ultrasonography and categorized as mild or moderate-to-severe. CKD was classified using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). CAC burden was quantified as 0, 1-299, ≥ 300, single-vessel, or multivessel with coronary computed tomography. Stepwise backward multinomial logistic regression was applied for analysis. A total of 446 patients (59.2% female, average age 52.9years) were included. Moderate-to-severe MASLD was independently associated with an increased risk of CAC 1-299 [OR 2.30 (1.21-4.36)], CAC ≥ 300 [OR 4.93 (1.46-16.59)], and single-vessel CAC [OR 2.03 (1.03-4.00)]. Mild MASLD [OR 2.47 (1.20-4.21)], moderate-to-severe MASLD [OR 3.74 (1.76-7.93)], and CKD stage2 [OR 2.27 (1.26-4.08)] were independently associated with increased multivessel CAC risk. Liver fat content showed a dose-response association with CAC burden. Subgroup analysis revealed that MASLD and CKD increased CAC risk in male but not female patients, with menopause significantly modifying LKMH's effect. LKMH's impact on CAC burden is significantly influenced by liver fat content, eGFR, sex, and menopause, suggesting that MASLD, CKD, sex, and reproductive status should be integrated into CAC risk prediction models.

Effectiveness and Safety of Opioid-Free Anaesthesia and Analgesia in pain control and postoperative recovery of patients undergoing gynaecologic oncologic surgery: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundOpioids have been essential for the anesthesiologic management of patients undergoing surgical procedures such as gynecologic oncology, but incorrect dosage can lead to unwanted hemodynamic effects. Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) and multimodal postoperative analgesia techniques can solve this problem as they can restrict the excessive use of opioids.MethodologyA retrospective observational cohort study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of patients at the Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo University Hospital. Female patients who underwent gynecologic oncology surgery at the MPUHN and who received OFA, or opioid-based anesthesia (OBA) were identified. Two cohorts were created in which one have all patients (unadjusted cohort) and one with randomly selected patients (adjust cohort). Data on pain were collected using a visual analog pain scale (VAPS), along with hemodynamic variables and adverse events at 7 different times from admission to the operating room until discharge from the hospital. A bivariate analysis was performed between OFA and OBA, comparing frequencies of VAPS and adverse events with chi2, while mean difference for hemodynamic variables with t student. A multivariate analysis was performed with multiple logistic regression to evaluate differences in frequency of VAPS between OFA and OBA.ResultsFor unadjusted cohort, difference was identified for greater pain in OFA than in OBA (p < 0.001) for the times before surgery, recovery room, and 24 h after surgery, while differences were only identified at recovery room in the adjusted cohort. The heart rate has significant differences only at pre-surgery, 30 min of induction and admission to the recovery room. Respiratory rate has significant differences at admission to the operating room, 30 min of induction. Mean arterial pressure was significant only in the recovery room and for oxygen saturation at admission to the operating room and discharge from recovery. Higher frequency of requiring antiemetics was only identified in patients with OFA than OBA on the fifth day of surgery. Significance was identified in multivariate analysis between OBA and OFA for at discharge from recovery room.ConclusionsThe OFA technique for gynecologic oncologic surgery patients has a similar impact on pain control compared to OBA.Trial registrationDoes not apply.

Combined Mitral and Aortic Valve Surgery Through a Right Minithoracotomy: A Single-Center Experience.

Minimally invasive combined mitral and aortic valve surgery is still uncommon. We report our experience performing multiple valve procedures through a right-sided minithoracotomy. We present an observational case series with a retrospective analysis of 38 patients who underwent double valve surgery through right anterior thoracotomy from November 2013 to November 2023. The median age of our population was 72 years, and 61% were female patients. The median EuroSCORE II was 2.27. Three patients (7.9%) had redo operations. The median cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cross-clamp times were 98 and 85 min, respectively. No conversion to full sternotomy was necessary. In-hospital mortality was 2.6% (1 patient); the patient died of septic shock and consequent multiorgan failure. Of the patients, 53% required transfusions with packed blood cells. Postoperative atrial fibrillation was observed in 12 patients (32%), and 2 patients (5.2%) required pacemaker implantation due to third-degree atrioventricular block. Also, 1 stroke (2.6%) and 1 rethoracotomy for bleeding were observed. The median ventilation time was 10 h. The median intensive care unit and postoperative length of stay were 2 days and 7.5 days, respectively. Survival at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years was 93.8%, 86.3%, 86.3%, and 77.2%, respectively, with a median follow-up time of 6.5 years. Freedom from reintervention at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years was 96.8%, 89.5%, 85.0%, and 69.5%, respectively, with a median follow-up time of 5.7 years. In our experience, a minimally invasive approach for combined aortic and mitral valve surgery is safe and feasible, with acceptable CPB and cross-clamp times and good outcomes. Therefore, it can be an attractive option for patients with double valve diseases.

The association between national dialysis catheter use and kidney transplantation activity.

This study investigates the relationship between national catheter use among hemodialysis (HD) patients and kidney transplantation (KTX) activity, exploring the hypothesis that higher KTX activity may be associated with increased catheter usage. The rationale is based on the idea that shorter waiting times for transplants in high-activity countries could make central venous catheters (CVCs) more favorable as a temporary bridge to transplantation compared to arteriovenous fistulas or grafts which require longer maturation times. Nine national dialysis and transplant registries (Argentina, Australia, Austria, New Zealand, Portugal, Scotland, Sweden, USA, Turkey) were included in this analysis. The included descriptive analysis of baseline information from included countries, followed by crude association analyses using correlation and regression analyses to explore the relationship between CVC usage and kidney transplants per million inhabitants, considering relevant confounders. Adjusted analyses were performed to account for these confounders, providing a more nuanced understanding of the relationship. Data from nine different national registries was analyzed. CVC use and KTX activity had a weak to moderate positive correlation (r = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.39). In all included countries CVC use increased over time. Adjusting for temporal patterns, country-specific factors, and the proportion of female HD patients, there was still strong evidence for a moderate increase of CVCs among prevalent HD patients with increasing KTX activity. Higher national KTX activity is associated with a moderate increase in CVCs among prevalent HD patients.

Real-World Observational Study of Incidence and Outcomes in an HR+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer Population with High-Risk of Recurrence in Finland.

Real-world data on patients with early breast cancer (EBC) with high-risk features remains limited. This population-based study determined the incidence, outcomes and characteristics of patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor (HER2)-negative EBC with high-risk features treated in everyday clinical care in two Finnish hospital districts which represent approximately 40% (2.5 million) of the total Finnish population (5.5 million). Adult female patients with BC (ICD-10 C50*) diagnosed between January 2012-June 2019 were indexed at the first BC diagnosis and followed until December 2019 or death. EBC was defined as having no records of metastasis within 90days of index. High-risk status was defined as ≥ 4 positive axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) or 1-3 ALNs with either grade 3 tumor or tumor size ≥ 5cm. Outcomes included invasive disease-free survival (IDFS), distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) and overall survival (OS) and were assessed using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models. Among the 8678 patients with HR+/HER2- EBC, risk classification was feasible in 8081 (93.1%) individuals. Of these, 1407 (17.4%) were defined as high-risk and the remaining 6674 (82.6%) as low-risk patients. The average annual incidence of high-risk HR+/HER2- EBC in 2012-2018 was 21.8/100,000 women. Five-year invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) showed higher risk of recurrence for the high-risk group: IDFS 79.7% (95% CI 77.0-82.2) vs 89.3% (88.3-90.2) in the low-risk group; DRFS 82.4% (79.7-84.7) vs 92.9% (92.1-93.7) in the low-risk. Five-year overall survival (OS) in the high-risk group was 89.5% (87.3-91.4) and was 95.4% (94.7-96.0) in the low-risk group. This study showed that high-risk patients account for 17% of newly diagnosed HR+/HER2- EBC in Finland. The high-risk profile was associated with increased risk of recurrence, distant relapse and death compared to low-risk patients. The poorer outcomes of high-risk HR+/HER2- EBC emphasizes a clear unmet need in improving the identification and treatment of these patients.

Tackling suboptimal clinical response after metabolic bariatric surgery: Impact of tirzepatide on weight loss and body composition.

Insufficient weight loss (IWL) or weight regain (WR) after metabolic bariatric surgery remains a challenge in obesity management. Therefore, this study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the impact of adjunctive tirzepatide therapy over 6 months following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Post-bariatric patients without type 2 diabetes with IWL or WR (n = 21) were analyzed. Key outcomes included changes in weight, BMI, waist circumference, body composition, basal metabolism, metabolic markers, and inflammatory markers. Subgroup analyses assessed differences based on sex, surgery type, and classification as IWL or WR. Linear regression was performed to identify predictors of weight loss outcomes. At 6 months, mean total weight loss was 12.0 % ± 3.4 % (p < 0.001), with significant reductions in BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and HbA1c. Basal metabolism declined proportionally with weight loss. Weight loss ≥ 5 % occurred in 100.0 % of patients, ≥ 10 % in 76.5 %, and ≥ 15 % in 23.5 %. Basal metabolism differences between RYGB and SG patients converged by 6 months. Male and female patients showed comparable weight loss and metabolic adaptation. IWL patients experienced less fat-free mass loss at 3 months compared to WR (p < 0.05). Baseline BMI nadir, prior weight regain, body composition, and chronic inflammation were significant predictors of weight loss outcomes. Tirzepatide treatment significantly enhances weight loss and metabolic health in post-bariatric patients, regardless of surgery type or sex. Differences in fat-free mass loss highlight the need for tailored interventions in IWL and WR groups. Baseline factors, including inflammation and body composition, may help predict treatment success.

The Influence of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery on Cardiovascular Health in Women: A Comprehensive Study.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in patients with obesity. Bariatric surgery has been shown to promote substantial reduction in carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT). To comprehensively determine the influence of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) on cardiovascular health in women. A total of 24 female patients with a body mass index (BMI) > 35kg/m2 underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), or one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), a prospective cohort study in women. C-IMT were evaluated at baseline and 24months post-MBS. The results showed a significant reduction in BMI, weight, and C-IMT on the right side 24months post-MBS (p < 0.001 for BMI and weight and p = 0.004 for C-IMT). There were also significant differences in fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. However, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels did not show a significant change. The study underscores the potential of MBS in mitigating cardiovascular risk among women with obesity. However, further research is needed to fully understand the impact of MBS on various parameters. The findings highlight the importance of personalized and gender-specific approaches in the management of obesity and related disease.

Comparison of Intense Pulsed Light With Nonablative Fractional Laser and Picosecond Alexandrite Laser With Diffractive Lens Array for Noninvasive Facial Rejuvenation.

Both nonablative fractional (NAFL) laser combined with intense pulsed light (IPL) and picosecond alexandrite laser (PSAL) with diffractive lens array (DLA) have been documented for their efficacy in facial rejuvenation. To observe the safety and efficacy of PSAL-DLA and IPL-NAFL in the rejuvenation of Chinese individuals. Each subject (n = 18) received three treatments on half of their face, with 1-month interval between treatments. One side of the face was randomly treated with PSAL-DLA, and the other side with IPL-NAFL. Quantitative data of wrinkles, pores, brown spots, and red areas were calculated using the VISIA-CR imaging system 3 months after the final treatment. Secondary outcomes included a 10-point VAS for patient-rated pain sensation, incidence of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), erythema and edema, and overall satisfaction. Adverse events were recorded after each treatment and at each follow-up. A total of 17 Chinese female patients aged 28.2 ± 4.3 years completed the study and the 3-month follow-up. The IPL-NAFL side showed a statistically significant improvement in pores compared to baseline (p < 0.05); the PSAL-DLA side showed a statistically significant improvement in brown spots compared to baseline (p < 0.01). Compared to PSAL-DLA, the improvement in enlarged pores was better for IPL-NAFL (81.8 ± 128.1 vs. 20.8 ± 132.4, p < 0.01). In terms of pain, IPL-NAFL was more painful than PSAL-DLA (6 ± 1 vs. 4 ± 1, p < 0.01), a longer recovery time for erythema and edema (5 ± 1 vs. 2 ± 1, p < 0.001), and a higher incidence of PIH (58.8% vs. 23.5%, p < 0.05). Patient satisfaction was higher for PSAL-DLA than for IPL-NAFL (3 ± 1 vs. 4 ± 0.5, p < 0.01). Our study results indicated that both IPL-NAFL and PSAL-DLA could improve the photoaging, but within the same number of treatments, IPL-NAFL was slightly more effective for enlarged pores than PSAL-DLA, while PSAL-DLA was more effective for brown spots than IPL-NAFL. Patients were more satisfied with PSAL-DLA, with a shorter postoperative recovery period and a lower incidence of PIH.

Study of the microenvironment of the lung flora in female lung adenocarcinoma patients: from benign lesions to invasive lung adenocarcinomas

BackgroundThe number of female lung adenocarcinoma patients is increasing annually, but these patients are difficult to diagnose in the early stage without obvious clinical symptoms, leading to late-stage diagnoses and poor outcomes. Recent studies have shown that the lung microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of lung cancer, especially the characteristic changes in the lung microbiota of lung cancer patients, which opens a new research direction for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of the lung flora in different stages of female lung adenocarcinoma.Methods16 S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the alpha diversity, beta diversity, composition, and function of the pulmonary flora in female patients with benign lesions (n = 7), adenocarcinoma in situ (n = 16), microinvasive adenocarcinoma (n = 31), and invasive adenocarcinoma (n = 25).ResultsProgression to invasive lung adenocarcinoma is correlated with reduced alpha diversity in the lung flora. Compared with the other stages, only the invasive adenocarcinoma stage had significant differences in the beta diversity of the lung flora. At the phylum and genus levels, the abundance of major flora species decreased significantly as the disease progressed to the invasive adenocarcinoma stage, whereas the abundance of Bacillus spp. increased significantly. The abundance of phenotypes with mobile elements, biofilm-forming ability, oxidative stress tolerance, parthenogenetic anaerobic properties, and pathogenicity was significantly greater in invasive adenocarcinomas. The abundance of metabolic pathways was significantly lower in invasive adenocarcinomas.ConclusionsInvasive adenocarcinoma has a unique flora structure characterized by decreased flora diversity and abundance and an increase in specific flora (e.g., Bacillus). In terms of bacterial function, adaptability and pathogenicity increased, and metabolic pathway activity decreased.