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Teaching students to write academic papers through the use of generative artificial intelligence tools

Importance. Currently, there is an increasing use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools in foreign languages teaching, particularly in writing. Generative AI stands out for its ability to provide users with evaluative feedback, which allows students to correct and improve their written work. Some scholars have argued for the inclusion of extracurricular interaction with generative AI in traditional teaching methods in order to utilize its linguistic and didactic potential for revising drafts. However, the effectiveness of these teaching methods has not always been a focus of scientific research. The purpose of the study is to devise a methodology for instructing students in writing in a foreign language, incorporating their extracurricular engagement with one of the instruments of generative AI, which provides feedback. Additionally, it aims to test the efficacy of this approach during experimental instruction.Materials and Methods. The study involved second-year students of the specialty 45.05.01 “Translation and Translation Studies” of Lipetsk State Technical University. The participants of the control group (N = 25) are trained according to the traditional teaching method of writing in a foreign language, which does not involve the use of generative AI tools. The participants of the experimental group (N = 25) used the author’s methodology, which implies their extracurricular interaction with one of the tools of generative AI (ChatGPT 4.0, Criterion, YandexGPT). The aspects of control in the study are the following writing skills: a) writing a business letter; b) writing an essay of a contrastive and comparative nature; c) writing an essay of an argumentative nature; d) writing a film or book review. The Student’s t-test is used as a method of statistical data processing. Results and Discussion. During the experimental training, it is proved that the innovative author’s method of teaching students writing in a foreign language, including extracurricular interaction of students with generative artificial intelligence tools, is more effective than traditional teaching methods in developing students’ writing skills: writing a business letter (t = 3.19 at p = 0.001), writing essays of a contrastive and comparative nature (t = 3.19 at p = 0.002), writing essays of an argumentative nature (t = 2.28 at p = 0.001), writing a film or book review (t = 2.46 at p = 0.001).Conclusion. The novelty of the research lies in the development of a step-by-step methodology for teaching students writing in a foreign language, including extracurricular interaction of students with one of the generative artificial intelligence tools (ChatGPT 4.0, Criterion, YandexGPT). Based on the feedback they received from the AI, the students finalized draft versions of their work. The proposed methodology can be used in teaching students and students writing in a foreign language in secondary schools and universities.

The presence of clouds lowers climate sensitivity in the MPI-ESM1.2 climate model

Abstract. Clouds affect the sensitivity of the climate system by changing their distribution, height, and optical properties under climate change. Although the precise magnitude remains uncertain, the direct cloud response to an external forcing is known to be destabilising. Additionally, clouds have a masking effect on CO2 forcing and can influence other feedback mechanisms such as the surface albedo feedback. To understand the overall impact of clouds, we compute how much the equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) to a doubling of CO2 changes when clouds are made transparent to radiation in an Earth system model (MPI-ESM1.2, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model version 1.2). In practice, to stabilise the model climate at near-preindustrial temperatures, the solar constant was reduced by 8.8 %. Our experiments reveal that clouds exert a stabilising influence on the model, with a clear-sky ECS of 4.29 K, which is higher than the corresponding full-sky ECS of 2.84 K, contrasting with their direct destabilising effect. Detailed partial radiative perturbation diagnostics show that beyond directly amplifying warming by themselves, clouds also strengthen the negative lapse rate and positive water vapour feedbacks, while strongly damping the positive albedo feedback. These findings highlight the complex role of clouds in modulating climate sensitivity.

Study on the Role of Student Feedback in The Value-added Assessment of Architecture Programmes

This study explores the important role of student feedback in value-added evaluation in architecture majors. It aims to reveal how to improve teaching quality through an effective feedback mechanism and provide a scientific basis for curriculum improvement. Value-added evaluation focuses on the growth and progress of students in the learning process, and student feedback, as a source of information that directly reflects the learning experience, can comprehensively support the assessment of teaching effectiveness. This study analyzes the existing student feedback mechanisms, explores their application methods and actual effects in value-added evaluation, and points out the deficiencies of the existing mechanisms and possible paths for optimization. The study found that feedback promotes continuous improvement of course design and teaching methods by constructing a closed-loop mechanism, and that this feedback mechanism shows significant advantages, especially in the field of architecture, which requires a high degree of practicality and creativity. The study concludes with recommendations for optimising the student feedback mechanism and looks ahead to the direction of future research, with a view to providing a feasible reference for improving the quality of education in the field of architecture.

Assessing Radiative Feedbacks and Their Contribution to the Arctic Amplification Measured by Various Metrics

AbstractArctic amplification (AA), characterized by a more rapid surface air temperature (SAT) warming in the Arctic than the global average, is a major feature of global climate warming. Various metrics have been used to quantify AA based on SAT anomalies, trends, or variability, and they can yield quite different conclusions regarding the magnitude and temporal patterns of AA. This study examines and compares various AA metrics for their temporal consistency in the region north of 70°N from the early twentieth to the early 21st century using observational data and reanalysis products. We also quantify contributions of different radiative feedback mechanisms to AA based on short‐term climate variability in reanalysis and model data using the Kernel‐Gregory approach. Albedo and lapse rate feedbacks are positive and comparable, with albedo feedback being the leading contributor for all AA metrics. The net cloud feedback, which has large uncertainties, depends strongly on the data sets and AA metrics used. By quantifying the influence of internal variability on AA and related feedbacks based on global climate model ensemble simulations, we find that water vapor and cloud feedbacks are most heavily affected by internal variability.

Teacher vs Artificial Intelligence: a comparison of the quality of feedback provided by a teacher and generative artificial intelligence in assessing students' creative writing

Introduction. Writing foreign-language creative writing assignments is one of the goals of foreign language teaching in higher education. Modern AI tools (ChatGPT 4.0) are able to provide learners with evaluative feedback and recommendations for essay revision. However, the feedback quality from ChatGPT 4 and other AI tools is a subject of discussion in the teaching community. The aim of this paper is to compare the feedback quality provided by ChatGPT 4.0 and teachers in evaluating students' essays. Materials and methods. A bank of English essays (N=350) written by linguistics students (A2-B1 level) was used as the material. The participants of the research were 12 teachers of English at Derzhavin Tambov State University (Russian Federation). For every essay, one teacher and ChatGPT gave evaluative feedback on the following criteria: 1) content of the essay; 2) organisation and structure of the essay; 3) supporting ideas and arguments; 4) language of the essay (lexical aspect of speech, grammatical aspect of speech, syntax); and 5) originality of the idea. The recommendations received from the teacher and ChatGPT 4.0 were evaluated on the basis of norm-referenced testing. The data analysis was carried out using the Student’s t-test. Research results. It was found that ChatGPT matched the teacher in terms of the quality of evaluative feedback for the following criteria: ‘content of the paper’ (t=0.24; p>0.05), ‘organisation and structure’ (t=1; p>0.05), and ‘supporting ideas and arguments’ (t=1.43; p>0.05). Moreover, ChatGPT outperformed the teacher (not a native speaker) for the criteria ‘language of the essay’ (t=1.67; p≤0.05) and ‘originality of the essay’ (t=1.78; p≤0.05), which is explained by the fact that the GPT language model was developed based on large English textual data. This allowed the AI tool to be more accurate in assessing specifically the linguistic correctness of a written expression. Conclusion. The novelty of the study is in the confirmation of the ability of the AI tool ChatGPT 4.0 to provide qualitative feedback in assessing creative writing at the teacher's level or even better. The results of the study support more intensive implementation of ChatGPT 4.0 in the process of teaching foreign language and assessing the development level of students' writing skills.

Lateral-directional stability and control augmentation system design for civil aircraft simulator

Abstract In this paper, we first introduce the necessity, history, and classification of stability and control augmentation systems. The structure of the lateral-directional stability and control augmentation control system in the normal mode is studied, and a comparison of advantages and disadvantages of several design schemes including yawing rate feedback, rolling rate feedback, and sideslip angle feedback is given. Lateral-directional stability and control augmentation control law for a certain type of civil aircraft simulator is designed. Finally, the stability and control augmentation system is simulated and the simulation results are analyzed, which shows that the handling qualities of the aircraft with stability and control augmentation system are better than those without it.

Sentiment analysis of student evaluation feedback using transformer-based language models

Sentiment analysis of student evaluation feedback using transformer-based language models

A Study of the Effectiveness of Student Perception-Based AI Feedback in College Writing Classes

This study examined the educational effectiveness of AI-based automated evaluation feedback tools in college writing courses. Amid active discussions on the use of AI in liberal arts education, the study applied AI automated evaluation tools to actual writing classes and analyzed the results. The findings show that AI feedback positively influenced students' motivation for writing and achieved a high level of satisfaction in areas such as spelling, vocabulary, grammar, and expression correction accuracy. AI automated evaluation feedback helps reduce the feedback burden on instructors and assists them in providing meaningful feedback to students. It is expected that AI-based automated writing feedback tools will contribute to fostering AI literacy. This case study is significant in that it offers insights for effectively incorporating AI automated evaluation feedback into college writing courses.

Negative Affect Following Dating Application Use is Predicted by Social Anxiety Symptoms and Match Rate.

Social rejection is a common and unavoidable experience for users of dating apps. Research suggests that socially anxious individuals may be particularly likely to use dating apps to establish intimate relationships, given their preference for online (vs. face-to-face) communication. However, social anxiety (SA) symptoms are associated with heightened negative affect and decreased prosocial behavior following social rejection, suggesting that exposure to dating app rejection has deleterious consequences in this population. This study examined whether SA symptoms and social rejection (vs. acceptance) feedback interact to predict participants' negative and positive affect and social engagement with dating app matches. Participants (N = 128) evaluated for SA symptoms were randomly assigned to receive high or low match rate feedback on a simulated dating application task. SA symptoms were negatively associated with positive affect following high match rate feedback and positively associated with negative affect following low match rate feedback. SA symptoms were negatively associated with self-reported likelihood of contact initiation with matches. Results suggest that high socially anxious individuals are more susceptible to negative repercussions of social rejection on dating applications.

Strategic Thinking on the External Publicity of the Summer Davos Forum

This article explores the key elements of the Summer Davos external publicity strategy and its application value, and proposes a strategic framework suitable for the Chinese context by combining case analysis and literature review. It aims to enhance the international influence and social recognition of Summer Davos by clarifying the target audience, optimizing communication channels, strengthening content planning and evaluation feedback mechanisms.

READINESS OF MIGRANTS FROM UKRAINE FOR SOCIAL RISKS

The article aims to research the readiness of migrants from Ukraine to social challenges abroad. Research methods: analysis and generalization of literature and sociological research and theoretical generalization. The high rate of uncertainty avoidance and slow feedback to the employer show us that most migrants from Ukraine belong to the administrative type of organizational culture. The peculiarities of the organizational culture of migrants can lead to the fact that they can face significant social risks, namely the risk of being in the second or third sector of the global labor market. It also leads to a loss of competence and initiative, self-confidence, the ability to make decisions, seek and use feedback from the environment in the host countries, and the threat of "brain waste". Willingness to take risks among Ukrainian youth shows a consistently low rating against the background of the growing desire for material values. Risk readiness of the older generation among migrants from Ukraine practically does not differ from risk readiness among young people. The shares of migrants of both age groups who risked working abroad in the absence of any agreement are almost the same. This completely distinguishes them from young people abroad, who, according to surveys, are almost 100% ready to take risks. So, we can say that the competitiveness of young migrants from Ukraine is not enough for their status as "missionaries of market ideas". Moreover, the main source of resistance is the reluctance to take risks and the fear of private defeat. Rejection of risks in itself represents the most dangerous risk of building a non-market Ukraine.

A multi-center study on the use of lidocaine thermogel for pain control in outpatient operative hysteroscopy

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the use of an anesthetic lidocaine thermogel in outpatient operative hysteroscopies. Specifically, it assessed the safety, tolerability, and ease of use of the gel, as well as its potential for pain reduction during the procedure. Study designThis was a multicenter observational study conducted in 9 gynecological units between March 2023 and January 2024. The study included adult women scheduled for outpatient operative hysteroscopies, excluding those with hypersensitivity to the product or recent participation in other clinical studies. The target sample size was 60 to account for potential dropouts. Data collection was electronic, and SPSS was used for analysis. The study assessed visibility conditions, procedure duration, pain scores at different stages of the procedure, and adverse event frequency. Statistical analyses utilized descriptive statistics, Student’s t-tests, Wilcoxon and Friedman tests, and Chi-Square or Fisher tests as appropriate. Binary logistic regression was applied to identify factors influencing gel volume. ResultsAll 60 participants met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 45.5 (SD 8.8) years, with a mean BMI of 27.0 (SD 5.6) kg/m2. Medical histories were reported in 46.7% of participants, and 50% had undergone previous gynecological surgeries. Prior to the procedure, 51.8% of participants took analgesics. The average procedure duration was 13.9 (SD 15.1) minutes. Pain scores were collected at different stages of the procedure, with median VAS scores ranging from 0 to 5 out of 10. In 50% of cases, the quality of vision during the procedure was rated 9 or higher on a 10-point scale. The full recommended dose of thermogel was administered in 91.7% of cases. The mean gel volume used was 7.0 (SD 1.9) milliliters. Regression analysis showed that younger age and a history of abortions or childbirth were significantly associated with higher gel volume use. ConclusionsThe anesthetic thermogel demonstrated effectiveness in managing pain during outpatient operative hysteroscopies, with median pain scores ranging from 0 to 5 out of 10 across different stages of the procedure. The gel showed a favorable safety profile, with only 15% of participants reporting adverse effects, all of which were minor and resolved satisfactorily. The high rate of complete gel application (91.7% of cases) and positive physician feedback suggest good tolerability and ease of use. Further research is recommended to evaluate the gel’s efficacy in other gynecological procedures and to optimize application protocols based on patient-specific factors such as age and reproductive history.

Serratus Anterior Plane Block Remote Learning Curriculum.

Regional anesthesia aids in management of acute pain in the emergency department, but many emergency physicians remain inadequately trained. Further complicating medical education, our academic center continues to use remote learning as the primary setting for residency didactics. This project aims to create a remote conference session on ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane blocks (USG-SAPB). We used the ADDIE (analyze, design, develop, implement, evaluate) model for curricular design, with emergency medicine residents as our intended learners. For the analyze element, we examined clinical need and resident program evaluation feedback. For design, we utilized best practices for remote learning, principles of mental rehearsal, and multimodal instructional theory. For develop, we completed recruitment of faculty leads, materials, and beta testing of each component. We implemented our 50-minute session on the videoconferencing platform Zoom. For evaluate, we created a program evaluation survey based on Kirkpatrick's evaluation model. Seventeen learners completed the evaluation. For Kirkpatrick level 1, 94% reported being very or extremely satisfied. For Kirkpatrick level 2, 91% ranked their presession confidence level in performing USG-SAPB as not at all or slightly confident, compared to the postsession, where 88% ranked themselves as moderately, very, or extremely confident. For Kirkpatrick level 3, 94% reported that they would incorporate at least a moderate amount of content into clinical practice. This remote learning session on USG-SAPB demonstrated high levels of learner satisfaction, improvement in learner confidence, and potential to impact learners' clinical practice. Future studies can elucidate patient outcomes related to educational sessions.

Training community members to deliver an intervention for substance use disorder: Overcoming implementation barriers in American Indian communities

IntroductionAlthough American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people have high rates of abstinence from alcohol and other drugs, there also is evidence of greater rates of substance use disorders (SUDs) in Native communities. Health disparities associated with substance use are compounded by inadequate access to evidence-based treatments (EBTs). Lack of mental health providers is one notable barrier to EBT implementation in rural AI reservation communities. Our Indigenous Recovery Planning (IRP) intervention merges cultural lessons and culturally adapted relapse prevention strategies to facilitate SUD recovery in the reservation environment. One key implementation strategy is training non-specialist community-based facilitators to deliver IRP, thereby increasing its acceptability and sustainability. This manuscript reports the facilitator training, supervision, and fidelity monitoring procedures used in our ongoing clinical trial of IRP. MethodThe study recruited four AI non-specialist providers from the community to serve as IRP facilitators. Initial training involved an introductory motivational interviewing workshop followed by a 2-day workshop in the IRP curriculum. Then we conducted an open trial of the 6-week intervention with weekly supervision meetings as part of the facilitator training process. During the open trial we also assessed participant and facilitator receptivity to the IRP intervention and pilot tested our fidelity monitoring protocol. ResultsThe initial training workshops provided facilitators with information they needed to understand the rationale behind IRP and determine whether the facilitator role was a good fit; however, additional training and supervision during the open trial was needed to ensure proper treatment delivery. Although participant and facilitator feedback ratings were positive, the open trial helped us identify revisions needed to improve our approach to facilitator training, supervision, and fidelity monitoring. We revised these procedures, and also developed a protocol to train new facilitators who join the study midstream. ConclusionThe open trial was an important aspect of the facilitator training process and helped our team identify several areas of improvement. Our approach to training, supervising, and monitoring community member facilitators may serve as an example of how to overcome one barrier to implementing evidence-based SUD treatments in rural reservation communities with few mental health professionals.

Numerical investigation of steering synchronization dynamics of laterally coupled laser array with monolithically-integrated external cold cavity.

This study numerically explores the synchronization dynamics of a one-dimension edge-emitting laser array monolithically-integrated with an external cold cavity comprehensively, aiming to achieve an in-phase mode optical field. By employing the optical feedback rate equation, the impact of mutual feedback coefficient and coupling coefficient on the synchronization process are investigated thoroughly. The proposed external cold cavity, designed according to the Talbot effect, could significantly diminish the reflectivity of front facet through separated electrode structure, therefore facilitating the phase-locking process. Consequently, the study uncovers the effective regime for establishing in-phase mode operation. Additionally, the numerical analysis also reveals the vivid synchronization dynamic from a chaotic state to partially-phase-locked, then completely-phase-locked, and ultimately periodic oscillation. Furthermore, the impact of practical fabrication tolerances on the synchronization process are explored as well. Based on the simulation results, our work could offer valuable insights for steering the on-chip optical field and developing novel laser arrays with high beam quality.

Sea ice feedbacks cause more greenhouse cooling than greenhouse warming at high northern latitudes on multi-century timescales

Abstract In contrast to surface greenhouse warming, surface greenhouse cooling has been less explored, especially on multi-century timescales. Here, we assess the processes controlling the pacing and magnitude of the multi-century surface temperature response to instantaneously doubling and halving atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations in a modern global coupled climate model. Over the first decades, surface greenhouse warming is larger and faster than surface greenhouse cooling both globally and at high northern latitudes (45–90° N). Yet, this initial multi-decadal response difference does not persist. After year 150, additional surface warming is negligible, but surface cooling and sea ice expansion continues. Notably, the equilibration timescale for high northern latitude surface cooling (∼437 years) is more than double the equivalent timescale for warming. The high northern latitude responses differ most at the sea ice edge. Under greenhouse cooling, the sea ice edge slowly creeps southward into the mid-latitude oceans amplified by positive lapse rate and surface albedo feedbacks. While greenhouse warming and sea ice loss at high northern latitudes occurs on multi-decadal timescales, greenhouse cooling and sea ice expansion occurs on multi-century timescales. Overall, this work shows the importance of multi-century timescales and sea ice processes for understanding high northern latitude climate responses.

Hybrid Lexicon and Transformer-Based Sentiment Analysis of Student Feedback for Faculty Evaluation: A Speech-to-Text Approach

The conventional methods for assessing the performance of educators in academic settings have often been hindered by outdated feedback systems, leading to assessments that can be either skewed or in- complete. This study unveils an innovative, dual-approach methodology that fuses lexicon-driven sentiment analysis with cutting-edge Transformer architectures, specifically focusing on BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers). This approach provides a more sophisticated, real-time assessment of educators based on student evaluations. One of the standout features of this study is the integration of Speech- to-Text technologies, which allows for the immediate transformation of verbal feedback into text that can be analyzed. The approach makes use of a specialized Educational Sentiment Lexicon for preliminary sentiment evaluation, which subsequently refines the performance of a pre-existing BERT model. This dual-model is proficient in scrutinizing both text-based and verbal feedback—the latter being converted into text through advanced Speech-to-Text techniques. Our results indicate that this approach significantly outperforms existing lexicon-based and machine learning methods in terms of accuracy and comprehensiveness. By providing a real-time, versatile sentiment analysis tool tailored for educational settings, this research marks a paradigm shift in the scope and quality of faculty evaluations, thereby contributing substantially to the field of educational technology and sentiment analysis.

Experimental investigation of pressure drop oscillation and active mitigation in a pumped two-phase loop

A pumped two-phase loop (P2PL) integrated with a microchannel evaporator is the most favored design for advanced thermal management of modern electronic devices. However, these systems are susceptible to two-phase flow instabilities, in particular pressure drop oscillation (PDO), which can compromise their performance by premature initiation of critical heat flux (CHF), deterioration of the heat transfer capabilities, and inducing severe thermal and pressure fluctuations. This study experimentally investigates PDO in a P2PL with a microchannel evaporator, exploring the underlying mechanisms and mitigation strategies. The range of parameters are: heat flux from 0 to 56 W/cm2, mass flux from 47.9 to 95.9 kg/m2-s, a fixed inlet temperature of 10 °C, initial accumulator gas pressure from 620.5 to 827.3 kPa, and vapor quality from zero (subcooled liquid) to one (pure vapor close to dryout). A consistent trend of high-amplitude, low-frequency PDO at low heat fluxes transitioning to low-amplitude, high-frequency PDO at high heat fluxes was observed across all operating conditions. PDO originating in the evaporator propagated to other loop components with similar characteristics, underscoring the systemic nature of PDO. Further, PDO-driven thermal oscillations were observed to propagate through the evaporator, reaching the heater (heat source) temperature with maximum amplitude of 3.4 °C. These oscillations had a detrimental impact on the heat transfer coefficient by altering the flow boiling regimes within the microchannels. Notably, the subcooled liquid temperatures remained stable, indicating the absence of pressure-induced thermal effects in single-phase regions. Finally, an active control technique, based on controlling the pump flow rate using continuous feedback of flow rate was implemented to mitigate PDO, eliminating both pressure and temperature oscillations, achieving an average reduction of 69.8 % in PDO amplitude.

Impact of renality-CASE training on knowledge, skills, and practices in peritoneal dialysis catheter placement among nephrologists.

Despite being an effective home-based kidney replacement therapy, peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains underutilized. The aim of the Renality-CASE training program was to assess its impact on nephrologists by expanding their knowledge of PD therapy and enhancing their catheter placement skills to better offer the PD option. The Renality-CASE program provided two days of training, including theoretical lectures, virtual reality sessions, and hands-on practice of PD catheter placement on live pigs. Eighty-eight participants attended four sessions. An anonymized online questionnaire collected demographic data, self-assessments of knowledge and skills, and feedback. Pre- and post-training comparisons were analyzed using paired samples t-tests and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with significance at p < 0.05. Fifty-seven out of 88 participants responded to the survey one-year post-training. Post-training, 94.7% felt at least moderately knowledgeable compared to 61.4% pre-training (p < 0.001). Confidence in skills increased to 73.6% post-training from 26% pre-training (p < 0.001). The number of PD catheters placed by participants also rose significantly (p = 0.012). The program received positive feedback and high satisfaction rates. The Renality-CASE program significantly improved nephrologists' PD catheter placement skills through comprehensive training. Despite limitations such as sample size and response bias, the study highlights the need for standardized PD training to enhance clinical practice and increase PD utilization in CKD management.

Evaluating AI-Generated informed consent documents in oral surgery: A comparative study of ChatGPT-4, Bard gemini advanced, and human-written consents

This study evaluates the quality and readability of informed consent documents generated by AI platforms ChatGPT-4 and Bard Gemini Advanced compared to those written by a first-year oral surgery resident for common oral surgery procedures. The evaluation, conducted by 18 experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons, assessed consents for accuracy, completeness, readability, and overall quality.ChatGPT-4 consistently outperformed both Bard and human-written consents. ChatGPT-4 consents had a median accuracy score of 4 [IQR 4-4], compared to Bard's 3 [IQR 3–4] and human's 4 [IQR 3–4]. Completeness scores were higher for ChatGPT-4 (4 [IQR 4–5]) than Bard (3 [IQR 3–4]) and human (4 [IQR 3–4]). Readability was also superior for ChatGPT-4, with a median score of 4 [IQR 4–5] compared to Bard and human consents, both at 4 [IQR 4-4] and 4 [IQR 3–4], respectively. The Gunning Fog Index for ChatGPT-4 was 17.2 [IQR 16.5–18.2], better than Bard's 23.1 [IQR 20.5–24.7] and the human consents' 20 [IQR 19.2–20.9].Overall, ChatGPT-4's consents received the highest quality ratings, underscoring AI's potential in enhancing patient communication and the informed consent process. The study suggests AI can reduce misinformation risks and improve patient understanding, but continuous evaluation, oversight, and patient feedback integration are crucial to ensure the effectiveness and appropriateness of AI-generated content in clinical practice.