Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Research Articles

Antisocial Personality Disorder as an Associated Precursor to the Development of Substance Use Disorder among Substance Users and Non Substance Users in Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria

Antisocial Personality Disorder as an Associated Precursor to the Development of Substance Use Disorder among Substance Users and Non Substance Users in Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria

Christian Fanaticism and Mental Health: Healthcare Practitioners' Perspective

Christian fanaticism is an excessive and irrational zeal by professing Christians regarding their faith and its expressions, which often has unwanted consequences. Despite civilisation and a scientifically advanced age, there is still widespread ignorance among many which is a catalyst for religious fanaticism. The aim of this research was to highlight the negative effects of Christian fanaticism on mental health and possible solutions. Christian fanaticism. A quantitative approach was employed in this study; 20 healthcare practitioners were interviewed at the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Calabar and the responses analysed using Atlas.Ti software. The findings showed that Christian fanaticism has negative effects on mental health such as depression and aggression; the interviewees went ahead to give recommendations on how fanaticism could be avoided and managed. This study further enlightens Christians on the need to abstain from religious fanaticism as it has negative effects on individuals, the church and the society at large.

Effectiveness of pharmacist intervention on antidepressant medication knowledge, necessity, and concerns beliefs in patients with depression

Abstract Background Sub-optimal patient medication knowledge, negative beliefs, and concerns about the potential of medications to cause harm are important contributory factors to non-adherence in patients with depression. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of a pharmacist intervention on antidepressant medication knowledge, necessity, and concerns beliefs in patients with depression. Methods A prospective interventional study (approval number: ABUCUHSR/2020/018) was carried out between April 2019 and March 2020 at the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria. Patients were randomized into the usual care or intervention group. The intervention consisted of an educational programme, and data were collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Patient knowledge about medicines and beliefs about medicines questionnaires were used to assess patient knowledge and beliefs. Key findings A total of 49 (81.6%) and 52 (86.6%) participants completed the 6-month follow-up in the usual care and intervention groups, respectively. Significant improvements in mean medication knowledge scores of participants in the intervention group were observed at 3 months (P < .001) and 6 months (P < .001), respectively. Significant improvements in mean medication necessity and concerns belief scores of participants in the intervention group were also observed at 3 months (P < .001) and 6 months (P < .001), respectively. Medication knowledge (P < .001, partial η2 = 0.203), medication necessity (P < .001, partial η2 = 0.329), and medication concerns (P < .001, partial η2 = 0.163) positively changed with time. Conclusion Pharmacist intervention significantly improved antidepressant medication knowledge, necessity, and concerns beliefs in patients with major depressive disorder.

Pattern and causes of missed appointments in a Nigerian Psychiatric Hospital: A cross-sectional study.

Psychiatric patients exhibit a higher rate of missed appointments compared to other medical specialities, leading to provider frustration, increased relapse, and suboptimal outcomes. This study investigates the patterns and correlates of missed appointments among outpatients at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital in Calabar, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study involving 403 consecutive outpatient clinic attendees was conducted. The study questionnaire inquired about sociodemographic characteristics and hospital utilization. The Oslo Social Support Scale, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, the Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale, and the Treatment Perception Questionnaire were administered. The mean participant age was 36.19 years (SD = 11.25), with females constituting 52.6%. Missed appointments occurred in 16.6%. The primary reasons for missed appointments included financial difficulties, forgetfulness, and distance to the hospital. Factors significantly associated with missed appointments were marital status (married), having children, believing appointments were too frequent, medication nonadherence, and concerns about medication cost (P < .05). Additionally, individuals who received unorthodox or delayed traditional care during their first mental health episode were more likely to miss appointments (P < .05). Missed appointments are prevalent among psychiatric patients, often attributed to financial challenges, forgetfulness, and geographical barriers to the hospital. Some of these factors are modifiable, suggesting targeted interventions in adherence improvement programs are needed.

Malaria Infection Among Psychiatric Patients Attending Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Edo State

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Exploring Psychological Distress, Burden of Care and Emotional Intelligence as Correlates of Psychological Well-being in Family and Non-family Caregivers of Individuals Living with Cannabis-induced Psychotic Disorder

Caring for individuals living with cannabis-induced psychotic disorder poses unique challenges that significantly impact caregivers’ psychological well-being. This study delved into this complex caregiving landscape, exploring how psychological distress, the burden of care, and emotional intelligence collectively influence caregivers’ psychological well-being. The study was conducted at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos Nigeria. The research adopted purposive sampling, involving one hundred (100) participants encompassing both family and non-family caregivers. Participants completed four key instruments: The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) – 12, Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue), and Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB). Descriptive statistics provided mean and standard deviation values for psychological distress, burden of care, emotional intelligence, and psychological well-being, with the reliability of each scale assessed. Hypothesis testing included t-tests, simple linear regression, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression, yielding significant findings. Notably, family caregivers did not bear a significantly higher burden of care compared to their non-family counterparts (t = -.108, p&lt;.05). Furthermore, female caregivers exhibited superior psychological well-being in contrast to male caregivers (t = -4.594, p&lt;.05). Emotional intelligence significantly impacted psychological well-being (R square =.262), and a positive relationship existed between psychological distress and well-being (r = .596, p&lt;.05). Lastly, psychological distress, emotional intelligence, and the burden of care collectively shaped psychological well-being (R square =.526). This research unravels the intricate dynamics faced by caregivers of individuals with cannabis-induced psychotic disorder, highlighting the pivotal roles of emotional intelligence and psychological distress. These insights deepen understanding of caregivers’ experiences and provide a foundation for tailored interventions to bolster their overall well-being. Keywords: Caregivers, Psychological Distress, Burden of Care, Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Well-being, Cannabis-Induced Psychotic Disorder

Prevalence of Mental Illness among Youths in Ogun State, South West Nigeria

Mental health issues continue to be a serious public health concern, affecting people's well-being and ability to operate despite advances in research and raising awareness. Mental illness imposes a substantial public health burden, affecting individuals, families, and communities at large. Mental disorders are often stigmatized, leading to discrimination, social exclusion, and, in worse cases, suicide. This stigma prevents individuals from seeking help and hinders the provision of appropriate support. Based on this premise, this study investigated the prevalence of mental illness among youths in Ogun State, Nigeria. The biopsychosocial model, Cognitive-Behavioral Theory (CBT), Psychodynamic theory, Social Learning Theory, and The Stress-Diathesis Model were used as the framework. The survey design of the descriptive correlational type was adopted. The population of the study were 225 nurses at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Aro, Abeokuta North, Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Annex, Lantoro, and Abeokuta South and Edijalo Health Service Limited Abeokuta North, Ogun State and total enumeration was used as the sampling technique. A questionnaire was used with a reliability of (α= 0.761). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, mean, and standard deviation. From the characteristics of the respondents, the majority were female (85%), Diploma had the highest number for qualification (52%), and 42.7% were NO2 . The prevalence of mental illness among youths is Severe (x=3.53), and patients were between 18-40 years. The most prevalent type of mental illness among youths was Schizophrenia and Substance use disorder moderately (x=2.72). The study concluded that the prevalence of mental illness among youths in Ogun State has been assessed as severe, indicating a significant level of mental health issues among this demographic.

Public Relations Panacea for Mental Health-Care Delivery: Study of Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos

This mixed-methods study investigates the role of public relations in enhancing mental healthcare delivery at Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos. The study examines a sample of 400 respondents through interviews, surveys, and document analysed to explore the implementation and impact of public relations initiatives. Document analysis examines the strategies and out-of-public relations campaigns at the hospital. Findings highlight the critical role of public relations in changing negative perceptions, promoting inclusivity, and fostering understanding. The study shows that public relations initiatives, and communication techniques, including media campaigns and community outreach programs, can foster a positive perception of mental healthcare, disseminate essential information, advocate for increased support, and bridge the gap of limited public awareness about mental health resources and services. The study's findings contribute to knowledge on the role of public relations in mental health and provide insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and public relations practitioners seeking to improve mental healthcare services. The research underscores the importance of ongoing efforts to address challenges in the mental health sector.This mixed-methods study investigated the role of public relations in improving mental health services at Yaba Federal Psychiatric Hospital, Lagos. Using interviews, surveys, and document analysis, the study investigated a sample of 400 respondents to explore the implementation and impact of public relations initiatives. In particular, document analysis examined the strategies and campaigns undertaken by the hospital. The findings underscore the critical role of public relations in reshaping negative perceptions, fostering inclusivity, and nurturing understanding. In addition, the study revealed that public relations initiatives, coupled with communication techniques such as media campaigns and community outreach programs, can foster positive perceptions of mental health services, facilitate the dissemination of important information, advocate for increased support, and bridge the gap between limited public awareness of mental health resources and services. This research offers insights for policy makers, health professionals, and public relations practitioners seeking to improve mental health services. In addition, this study emphasizes the need for continued efforts to address the challenges faced in the mental health sector, including a clearer delineation of research boundaries and a deeper exploration of the barriers faced in implementing public relations initiatives in hospital settings.

Efficacy of pharmacotherapy and dialectical behavior therapy in treatment of suicide behavior among inpatient and outpatient adolescents at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Annex, Cappa-Lagos, Nigeria

Efficacy of pharmacotherapy and dialectical behavior therapy in treatment of suicide behavior among inpatient and outpatient adolescents at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Annex, Cappa-Lagos, Nigeria

Exploring perceived impact of caregiving and coping strategies adopted by family caregivers of people with schizophrenia: a qualitative study in Enugu, South East Nigeria

PurposeSchizophrenia, a chronic mental disorder, poses enormous threat to the individual, family and society. The advent of deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill transferred the burden of care to families especially close relatives. Few studies have described the families' subjective views in this context. Hence, this study aimed to explore impacts of caregiving and coping strategies for family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Enugu, South East Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachA descriptive qualitative design was employed, and 14 family caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia attending federal neuropsychiatric hospital Enugu were purposively selected. A semi-structured interview guide was used to generate information, and the transcribed data were content analyzed using a thematic approach.FindingsThree major themes and 16 subthemes were derived to reflect the perceived impact of caregiving and coping strategies of family caregivers, which include burden of care (physical-self neglect, ill health, sleep deprivation; psychological-gross irritability, ruminations; social-stigmatization, social restrictions, diminished connections, reduced productivity); positive aspects (heightened understanding; empathetic attitude, strengthened ties) and adaptive resources (acceptance, optimism, social support, spiritual devotion).Originality/valueFamily caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia experience bio-psychosocial burden as a result of caregiving. Coping with challenges of caregiving can prevent distress and burnout. Hence, there is need for mental health professionals to recognize caregivers as person in need of emotional and practical support and care for the mentally ill in the context of a family-centered approach.

School of Psychiatric Nursing, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Yaba,Admission form 2023/2024 OUT ☎️0706-858-3206)Dr Mrs Felicia or +234706-858-3206 for details On FORM processing Call (07068583206 OR 234706-858-3206} NOW.

School of Psychiatric Nursing, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Yaba,Admission form 2023/2024 OUT ☎️0706-858-3206)Dr Mrs Felicia or +234706-858-3206 for details On FORM processing Call (07068583206 OR 234706-858-3206} NOW.

Relative/Patients’ Satisfaction of Nurses Services in Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Calabar; Within 2022

Relative/Patients’ Satisfaction of Nurses Services in Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Calabar; Within 2022

Abstracts of the 54th Annual General and Scientific Meeting of the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria (APN), KANEM 2023.

This book of abstracts encapsulates the collective insights and research findings presented at the 54th Annual General and Scientific Meeting of the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria (APN), held from 26th November to 1st December 2023, at the Professor Emeritus Umaru Shehu Centre for Mental Health and Psychosocial Support, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria. Centred around the theme "National Mental Health Reforms: Prospects and Strategies of Implementation of the National Mental Health Act 2021," the conference engaged over one hundred and thirty professionals in a vital discourse on mental health reforms in Nigeria, touching on subthemes like 'Brain Drain, Brain Gain and Brain Circulation' and 'Post-conflict Resettlement and Stabilization.' The compilation features twenty-six diverse abstracts from national and international experts, covering a wide range of psychiatric subspecialties including Addiction Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, and more. This collection serves not only as a testament to the vibrant exchange of ideas at the conference but also as a valuable resource for advancing psychiatric practice and patient care in Nigeria and beyond.

Levels and predictors of knowledge of epilepsy among patients attending the epilepsy clinic of a neuro-psychiatric facility in North-Eastern Nigeria.

significant numbers of patients with epilepsy have poor knowledge of their disease. Patients' knowledge of disease is related to their success in coping with the disease and adherence to medication; which is one of the key factors that determined the success of pharmacotherapy in patient with epilepsy. In this study, we evaluate the level of knowledge of epilepsy among patient with Epilepsy in a tertiary mental health care facility. using a cross-sectional design, 410 patients with epilepsy attending general outpatient clinic of Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri in Northeastern Nigeria were sampled randomly into the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Socio-demographic, clinical and epilepsy knowledge questionnaires were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18. 263 (64.1%) had poor knowledge of epilepsy and 290 (70%) had less frequent seizures (having fewer than four seizure episodes in the last three months). Independent predictors of knowledge of Epilepsy were intermediate skilled employment (O.R = 2.32, P = 0.022, 95% C I = 1.13 - 4.76); semi-skilled employment (O. R = 1/85, p = 0.001, 95% C I = 1.10 - 3.12); seizure frequency (O R = 1.72, p = 0.031, 95% C I = 1.31 - 3.24). the level of knowledge of epilepsy among people with epilepsy was low with more than 64.1% percent of the participants had poor knowledge of epilepsy. Occupational status and seizure frequencies were independent predictors of knowledge of epilepsy. We therefore recommend psycho-educational programs be incorporated in the routine clinical care of the patients and for clinicians to pay more attention to providing information and education needs of patients.

A 2-Year Audit Report of the Socio-Demographics and Clinical Profile of ‘One-Way’ Traffic Offenders Referred to the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Benin

Background: Wrong-way driving, sometimes referred to as ‘one-way’ driving, is a common offence, however, the role mental illness plays is unknown. This study aims to determine the socio-demographic and clinical profile, in addition to the prevalence of mental disorders, among arrested wrong-way traffic offenders in the Benin metropolis. Methods: Socio-demographic and clinical correlate data was obtained from the records of 18 one-way traffic offenders who were referred to the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria for evaluation within the last 24 months. Results: All offenders were males, with an age range of 23-63 years. None of the traffic offenders had a past psychiatric disorder, neither was there any significant finding in their mental state examination. Only three of the offenders tested positive for cannabinoids in a urine toxicology screen. Conclusion: Mental illness did not contribute remarkably to traffic offending in the sample of offenders sent for psychiatric evaluation. Rather than refer, appropriate punishment should be meted out on offenders to serve as deterrence.

Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Paediatric Patients with Seizures Attending Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, North West Nigeria

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus causes a congenital infection, which poses a great public Health challenge such as hearing loss, seizure and mental disorder among children.&#x0D; Methodology: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to screen serum samples (90) collected from Patients presented with Seizure between the ages 0-13 years for Cytomegalovirus IgG specific antibodies.&#x0D; Results: The presence of CMV IgG specific antibody among Seizure patients obtained from this study recorded a prevalence of 68(75.5%). The age groups 9-13 years presented highest CMV (IgG) specific antibodies response 36(40.0%), followed by ages 5-8 years 22(24.4%) and least for ages 0-4 years 10 (11.1%), P&gt;0.005. The CMV (IgG) specific antibodies response with respect to gender presented male with highest prevalence 50 (55.5%) than their female 18 (20.0%) counterparts P&lt;0.005. &#x0D; Conclusion: Therefore CMV is highly prevalent within the study area and the need for necessary facilities to be available in screening pregnant women of the virus in order to prevent the spread vertically to their fetuses thereby increases the risk of Seizure.

Prevalence and Predictors of Relapse among Patients with Schizophrenia at Psychiatric Healthcare Institutions in North-Western Nigeria

Background: Nigerians with Schizophrenic disorder are experiencing multiple relapses during the course of the illness. Relapse is disabling and distressing, associated with progressive functional deterioration as well as worsening treatment response and clinical prognosis.&#x0D; Aim: Thestudy aims to assess the prevalence and predictors of relapse among patients with Schizophrenia in North-western Nigeria.&#x0D; Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed to conduct the study in Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital Kaduna, Kano State Psychiatric Hospital Dawanau, and Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital Kware, Sokoto States. The Population of the study constitutes all patients with schizophrenia attending the outpatient units of the Hospitals with a sample size of 464 patients a crossed the facilities. A purposive sampling technique was used in the study to recruit respondents. Self -structure Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 23 and presented using mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentages. Regression analysis was used at a 0.05 level of significance to determine predictors of relapse..&#x0D; Results: Findings revealed that from the year 2018 to 2020, the prevalence of relapse among patients with schizophrenia is very high in the year 2020 with 71% relapse in Kano state, 40% relapse in Sokoto state, and 14% relapse in Kaduna state. The study shows that co-morbid illness, stressful life events, and inadequate mental health services are predictors of relapse (p&lt;0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: The study concludes that personal, social, and health facility factors are predictors of relapse among patients with Schizophrenia in North-west Nigeria.&#x0D; Recommendations: Emotional and social support like halfway home, assertive community therapy, self -help groups should be provided to patients with schizophrenia, as these can play a vital role in their response to the ailment thereby reducing relapse and the prevalence of the disease.

INCIDENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF AGGRESSION BY HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN FEDERAL NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL, CALABAR

Aggressive management is one of the cardinal roles of psychiatric mental healthcare providers. This study aimed at reporting incidence and management of patients’ aggressive behaviors within January to December, 2021 in Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Calabar. An ecto-facto research design was used to conduct the study. Five research questions were formulated to guide the study. The population of study was Healthcare providers which involved Nurses, Doctors, Social workers, Health Assistants and Emergency Prepared Unit of the facility. Purposive sampling technique was used to study the 461 mental healthcare providers with observational techniques. A standard AIS tool was used as instrument to illicit how aggressive incidents were observed and managed. Obtained data were analyzed with descriptive statistics using frequencies, percentages, tables, charts and graphs. Findings revealed that Ward 1 had the highest incidents of aggression followed by Wards 3 &amp; 4; that the highest aggression incidence occurs in the morning followed by night shifts; that Nurses use their verbal and physical intervention most in managing incidents; that the most triggering factor of aggression is patients’ poor mental state and effective management results in prevention of aggressive incidence to other patients, protection of the young, weak and aged patients from harm, prevention of patients’ escape and protection of hospital properties from destruction among others. This study implies that nurses who are closest to the patient deliver verbal and physical interventions most times before the arrival of the doctor on call. It was therefore recommended among other things that more male psychiatric nurses should be employed and psychiatric nurses should be placed on special allowances like call duty allowance, hazard allowance and others to motivate them do their work.

Comparative prescription patterns of antipsychotics among schizophrenic patients attending two public health facilities in North-Eastern and North-Central Nigeria: a crosssectional study

In the care of patients, assessment of the use of drugs is very imperative as it shows the quality of care delivered to patients by the caregivers. The study aimed to compare the prescription patterns of antipsychotics in two public healthcare facilities in Nigeria using a standardized World Health Organization instrument. The studies were conducted at the General Hospital, Offa (GHO), Kwara State, and the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri (FNPHMM), Borno State. Ethical approvals were obtained from the studied facilities. A total of 625 prescriptions in each of the facilities were selected by random sampling. Frequency distributions and student t-test were used. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 3.9 in the GHO, while 1.2 was recorded in the FNPHMM. Injections were prescribed in 14.4% and 18.7% of encounters in the GHO and the FNPHMM, respectively. One hundred percent (100.0%) of the drugs were prescribed by generic name in the GHO and 98.2% in the FNPHMM. The percentage of drugs from the National Essential Drug List was 72% in the FNPHMM and 100% in the GHO. The prescribing indicators assessed were found to be below standard in the FNPHMM while the GHO showed polytherapy.

Obtaining informed consent: psychiatric nurses&amp;#8217; knowledge and practice at federal neuropsychiatric hospital Enugu, Nigeria

Background: Within a psychiatric care setting, informed consent is the voluntary acceptance of a plan for medical care by a competent patient after full disclosure of the care plan, its risks, benefits, and alternative approaches. This implies that the patient must have full information about any treatment options and must be competent to make the needed decisions. Objective: To assess psychiatric nurses’ knowledge and practices of obtaining informed consent. Research Method: The study used a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from a random sample of 99 nurses selected from a total of 131 nurses of different professional cadres working in the hospital, by means of a structured questionnaire constructed by the researchers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Respondents’ score on Knowledge of Informed Consent was above average (15.06 ± 2.671 out of a possible total score of 25). Likewise, their score on the disclosure of full information to psychiatric patients before treatment was well above average (6.01 ± 2.198 out of a maximum possible score of 8). However, respondents’ score on the practice of obtaining Informed Consent was below average (2.41 ± 0.940 out of a maximum possible score of 5). Conclusion: Though a majority of the participants indicated good knowledge of informed consent, there was no corresponding correct practice of obtaining informed consent from patients in the hospital.