Fast Recovery Time Research Articles

A smart sponge with pressure–temperature dual-mode sensing for packaging and transportation

Conventional sponges are limited to providing mechanical protection and lack the capability to monitor the real-time status of transported object. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop smart sponges that can simultaneously protect and monitor the status of objects during transportation. In this study, we have developed a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) melamine sponge (PEDOT:PSS@MS) using a dip coating-centrifugation method. The PEDOT:PSS@MS functions as a dual-mode sensor for pressure and temperature. The sensor has a maximum linear pressure sensitivity of 0.411 kPa−1 within 42.7 kPa, and a fast recovery time of 46 ms. On the other hand, the sensor exhibits a linear temperature sensitivity of 9.42 μV/K via the Seebeck effect in the range of 30 to 80 °C. By integrating multiple PEDOT:PSS@MS units into a 3D-printed packing box, the pressure and temperature orientation distribution of the transported objects can be monitored in real-time. The development of these smart sponges enhances multimodal sensors for linear response performance, holding great potential in intelligent logistics security and advanced packaging solutions.

Radiation-hardened latch design with triple-node-upset recoverability

As CMOS technology scales down the susceptibility of integrated circuits to radiation effects makes them vulnerable to single-event upsets (SEUs) that may cause the formation of soft errors. In nanometer technologies, SEUs have the potential to impact many nodes within a circuit, resulting to Multiple Node Upsets (MNUs). Several techniques have been proposed to deal with SEUs that simultaneously influence either one, two, or three nodes. This paper presents a latch design that is capable of tolerating up to triple-node upsets (TNUs). Hardware redundancy is exploited to store data in many nodes inside the latch, along with a multiple feedback scheme that provides the recovery of the correct latch state in the case of SEUs. The proposed method provides faster recovery time after an SEU, and at the same time reduced power-delay and area-power-delay products with respect to existing solutions in the literature.

Impact of Ag2O on the gas sensing properties of the star-shaped BaTiO3/ZnO heterostructures

In this work, star-shaped heterostructures of Ag2O/BaTiO3/ZnO were proposed as resistive-type gas sensors. Through combined analyzes of XRD, SEM, and EDS, the structure, surface morphology, and the elemental composition of the synthesized materials were confirmed. The star-shaped morphology of BaTiO3/ZnO was found to be intact even after loading with different quantities of Ag2O, as revealed by the SEM analysis. The impact of loading different amounts of Ag2O (ranging from 1 % to 3 %) on the sensors' ability to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide (CO2) was concretely gauged by their response, response/recovery times, selectivity, and long-term stability. For the detection of ethanol/acetone, CO2, and methanol, a 1:2 M ratio of BaTiO3/ZnO with 1 % and 2 % Ag2O, and a 1:3 M ratio of BaTiO3/ZnO with 1 % Ag2O were determined as the optimum content, respectively. From the gas sensing analysis, Ag2O/BaTiO3/ZnO sensors with different amounts of Ag2O additive gave different optimal temperatures for different target gases. Lower operating temperatures, i.e. 180 °C, and 260 °C for CO2 and VOCs, respectively, rapid responsivity with a response time of <1 s for VOCs, and fast recovery times (as low as 10, 13, and 6 s for ethanol, acetone, and methanol vapors, respectively) were observed. More importantly, the sensor exhibited good selectivity for several possible interferences. The underlying reasons for the acceleration of the gas molecules adsorption, hence the fast sensor response, are the high specific surface area established by the star-shaped morphology, and compatible energy band alignment at the p/n interface coupled with the catalytic effect induced by Ag2O.

Challenging Dogmas in Plastic Surgery.

In medicine, dogmas are subject to evolution and refinement as new research and technologies emerge. The aim of this study was to search for dogmas which were challenged and potentially revised in the plastic surgery field. A search on PubMed for "dogma and plastic surgery" yielded 80 papers. The queries "surgical dogma and craniofacial surgery" and "surgical dogma and flap" returned 9 and 21 papers, respectively. "Surgical dogma and hand" and "surgical dogma and wound healing" produced 41 and 25 papers, respectively. Removing 35 duplicate papers, 141 abstracts were reviewed. Of these, 78 were excluded, leaving 63 papers for analysis. The dogmas being challenged within the field of plastic surgery were classified into various categories. The distribution of these challenged dogmas was as follows: wound healing: 14.29%, epinephrine use: 9.52%, flap surgery: 7.94%, breast reconstruction: 6.35%, rhinoplasty: 7.94%, hand surgery: 4.76%, pressure sores: 4.76%, chemical peel: 4.76%, and hand injuries: 3.17%. The widespread focus on improving wound healing techniques indicates a need for more effective treatments and faster recovery times. Significant attention has been directed toward the use of epinephrine, particularly in fingers, which may reflect ongoing debates about its safety. Innovations and improvements in flap surgery could lead to better reconstructive outcomes. Challenging existing dogma is a vital process and a driving force in the advancement of clinical science. These challenges and potential revisions reflect the dynamic nature of plastic surgery, where ongoing research, patient outcomes, and evolving societal norms drive continuous improvement and adaptation in practices and principles.

Evaluating the Impact of Modern Laser Technologies on Dentistry in European Union Countries

Introduction: In dentistry, understanding laser wavelength interactions with oral tissues enhances patient management. Over two decades, lasers have been used in dental practices for diagnostics, caries detection, calculus identification, hard tissue cutting, and root canal disinfection. They reduce patient anxiety and the need for anesthesia in hard tissue applications Aim. The objective of this research is to provide a review on how European dentistry has been affected by the use of modern laser technology between 2020 and 2024. This was done by classifying the types of lasers, examining their uses in different dental treatments, investigating the problems that may arise as a result, and appraising the benefits for oral health and patient outcomes. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted from 2020 to 2024, focusing on modern laser technologies in dentistry within European countries. Using the PRISMA flow diagram, studies were identified, screened, and included based on keywords related to dentistry and laser technologies. Initial searches identified 17,130 records, narrowed down to 27 relevant studies through various criteria. Inclusion required studies to focus on dental laser applications in specified European countries, published between 2020 and 2024, and be peer-reviewed. Results: The review covered studies from 2020 to 2024, highlighting various dental specialties and laser technologies like Erbium, CO2, Diode, Nd, Excimer, and Fiber lasers. Findings indicated lasers improved precision, reduced discomfort, and enhanced patient outcomes with minimal postoperative pain and faster recovery times. Noted risks included thermal damage and specific complications like bleeding and pain. Conclusions: The review highlights lasers' transformative potential in EU dental care, offering precision and improved outcomes. Future research should standardize protocols, assess long-term benefits and risks, focus on safety, and integrate patient-centered outcomes to enhance the evidence base supporting laser technologies in routine dental care.

Ultrastretchable, Ultralow Hysteresis, High-Toughness Hydrogel Strain Sensor for Pressure Recognition with Deep Learning.

Hydrogel, as a promising material for a wide range of applications, has demonstrated considerable potential for use in flexible wearable devices and engineering technologies. However, simultaneously realizing the ultrastretchability, low hysteresis, and high toughness of hydrogels is still a great challenge. Here, we present a dual physically cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM)/sodium hyaluronate (HA)/montmorillonite (MMT) hydrogel. The introduction of HA increases the degree of chain entanglement, and the addition of MMT acts as a stress dissipation center and cross-linking agent, resulting in a hydrogel with high toughness and low hysteretic properties. This hydrogel synthesized by a simple strategy exhibited ultrahigh stretchability (3165%), high breaking stress (228 kPa), high toughness (4.149 MJ/m3), and ultralow hysteresis (≈2% at 100% of strain). The fabricated hydrogel flexible strain sensors possessed fast response and recovery times (62.5:75 ms), a wide strain detection range (2000%), a strain detection limit of 1%, and excellent cycling stability over 500 cycles. Furthermore, the hydrogel flexible strain sensor can be used for human motion monitoring, gesture recognition, and pressure recognition assisted by deep learning algorithms, showing enormous promise for applications.

A new dual-functional strategy to desensitize and sense the explosive and toxic 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane by cyclo[n]carbons (n = 10,14,18).

In this work, in order to find new strategy to solve the safe problem of one famous high energy compound 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) under the impact and static electricity environment, cyclo[n]carbons (n = 10, C10; n = 14, C14; n = 18, C18) were employed to construct novel energetic composites (RDX@C10, RDX@C14, RDX@C18) with RDX for the first time. The investigated results showed that C10, C14 and C18 all can form stable composites with RDX through a exothermal process. Three cyclo[n]carbons could not only decrease the impact sensitivity of RDX by decreasing the positive ESP values and transferring the HPV region. But also could reduce the electrostatic sensitivity greatly by decreasing the energy gap, increasing the EHOMO and controlling the active electron-induced process and reaction. Among them, the desensitization effect by C18 and C14 was found to be much better than C10. In addition, three cyclo[n]carbons may be used as new sensors for the detection of RDX, due to the fast recovery time under different lights, and great change in the UV-Vis spectrum. These improvements may provide valuable insights for enhancing the safe performance of high energy compounds with similar structures to RDX, and broaden the application sphere of cyclo[n]carbons. All of the calculations on the structures were carried out by using the Gaussian 09 software at the M06-2X/6-311G(d,p) level. In addition, further calculations on the properties and interactions were performed by using the Multiwfn software.

Sensing characteristics of novel borospherenes towards sulfur-containing gases: electronic and work function-type sensor

Using density functional theory (DFT), the researchers in this study investigated the potential uses of C4B32 nanocluster in detecting gases such as CS2, H2S, SO2 and COS. The study's results revealed that these gases have varying degrees of stability in the order of SO2 being the most stable, followed by COS, CS2 and H2S. Additionally, the study found a correlation between the electric dipole moment and adsorption energy of the molecules. In this study, the density of states, natural bond orbitals, energetic and electrical properties, and structure optimisation were all investigated using the PBE-D3/6-31G* basis set. The researchers also suggested that C4B32 nanocluster may as an electronic-type and Φ-type sensor in detecting H2S and SO2. According to the study's findings, C4B32 nanocluster cannot be used as a Φ-type sensor for COS and CS2, but they can be used to identify SO2 and H2S when CS2 and COS are present. The C4B32 nanocluster displayed a fast recovery time for H2S and SO2 desorption at room temperature, measuring 69 × 10−6 μs and 3.97 s, respectively, indicating its capacity to perform well in the environment.

Atomic-level insights into sensing performance of toxic gases on the InSe monolayer decorated with Pd and Pt under humid environment

The timely detection and monitoring of toxic gases are crucial for preserving the ecological environment and preventing their adverse effects on human health. In this study, we investigate the adsorption characteristics and sensitivity performance of Pd- and Pt-decorated InSe monolayers, referred to as Pd-InSe and Pt-InSe, towards five toxic gases (CO, NO, NH3, H2S, and SO2) using first-principle calculations. The results show that the doping of Pd and Pt atoms significantly improves the conductivity, adsorption capabilities, and sensing properties of InSe monolayer to these toxic gases. Both Pd-InSe and Pt-InSe monolayers exhibit chemical adsorption of CO, NO, NH3, and H2S, with adsorption energies ranging from –0.56 eV to –1.04 eV, leading to noticeable changes in the bandgap (8.84 % ∼ 31.03 %). Furthermore, the CO/Pd-InSe and H2S/Pt-InSe systems demonstrate excellent sensitivity, with high sensing response values of 1.54×104 and 66.20, respectively, and their sensitivity remains unaffected under humid environments. Importantly, Pt-InSe exhibits a fast recovery time of 0.05 s at 298 K, making it highly promising for the recyclable detection of H2S at room temperature. In contrast, Pd-InSe can be utilized as a reusable gas sensor for CO at 448 K with a good recovery time of 0.5 s. This work can provides theoretical guidance for the design and fabrication of InSe-based gas sensors for the detection of toxic gases.

Treatment of rotational tibial malunion after minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO): Corrective osteotomy with original plate retention (PR-Osteotomy).

Residual axial and rotational deformities in tibial shaft fracture, after minimally invasive osteosynthesis (MIO) treatment, are widely described in literature. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of evidence about the malunion treatment strategies and results. The aim of our study is to present an innovative technique for tibial shaft malunion: a derotational proximal tibial osteotomy without removing the original plate (Plate-Retaining-Osteotomy: PR-Osteotomy). We present the results of two consecutive patients' treatment, affected by tibial shaft fracture malunion, as sequelae of MIO treatment. The two patients, male 60 years old and female 39 years old, underwent previous surgical treatment with an average of 9 months span time before surgical revision. The affected limb showed significant external torsional defect associated with gait impairment, pain and limping. The amount of rotational deformity and the bone healing condition is assessed through a methodical preoperative planning, including weight bearing lower limbs Xray and bilateral computed tomography (CT) scan of the lower limbs. The surgical technique involves a monoplanar tibial osteotomy, in a perpendicular fashion to the tibial axis, at a level that would allow at least 3 proximal screw-holes to become available for subsequent fixation. Proximal to the osteotomy line the screws are removed, while the distal ones, if stable after testing, are left in place. The amount of torsional correction, planned on CT, is reproduced intraoperatively with the assistance of graduated templates. A fibular osteotomy may be performed if required. After temporary stabilization, the correct functional reduction is checked with the aid of fluoroscopy and empirical rod measurement, using the contralateral limb alignment as a reference. Once the desired correction is achieved, absolute stability is applied to the osteotomy site. Postoperative rehabilitation protocol involves partial weight bearing for 6-8 weeks with progression to full weight bearing by 10-12 weeks. Both patients showed complete osteotomy healing at the 13th and 16th week respectively, with no complications and full recovery of normal gait and daily life activities. To our knowledge, this is the first description of such surgical technique. Less invasiveness, fast recovery time and cost reductions are the foremost proposed benefits. Further larger case series with longer follow up are needed to assess the advantages of the proposed treatment strategy.

Transcatheter Occlusion of the Vertical Vein in a Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection: A Case Report and Literature Review

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is a relatively rare congenital heart anomaly characterized by abnormal drainage of one or more pulmonary veins into a location other than the left atrium. In this case report, we present a 70-year-old male diagnosed with PAPVC with a vertical vein connected between the left upper pulmonary vein and the innominate vein. The transcatheter occlusion of the vertical vein was successfully achieved using a vascular plug. The report underscores transcatheter occlusion as a minimally invasive and effective alternative to surgical correction for PAPVC; it may provide advantages such as a shorter hospital stay, faster recovery time, and reduced complications.

Xylazine-Ketamine Outperforms Diazepam-Ketamine in Rabbit Anesthesia

Background: Limited research on the effects of ketamine combinations on rabbit anesthesia underscores the need for safe and effective injectable methods. Specific Background: This study compares the efficacy and safety of two anesthetic combinations—xylazine-ketamine and diazepam-ketamine —in rabbits to address this gap. Knowledge Gap: Ketamine combinations are commonly used in rabbits, but there is limited data on their effects on analgesic properties and anesthesia duration. Aims: The study assesses the onset of righting reflex loss, analgesia duration, recumbency duration, and standing attempts in rabbits treated with XK and DK. Results: Ten healthy rabbits were administered XK (5 mg xylazine and 10 mg ketamine per kg) or DK (1 mg diazepam and 30 mg ketamine per kg) intramuscularly. The study found no significant difference in OLRR between the groups. Only XK produced significant analgesia (OA: 4.5±0.2 min, DA: 45.1±1.9 min), while DK showed no analgesic effect. DR and ATS were significantly shorter in XK (56.1±3.1 min and 7.3±0.7 min) compared to DK (121.1±7.5 min and 25.3±1.2 min). Novelty: The study compares XK and DK in rabbits, finding XK provides superior analgesia and faster recovery times, while DK is ineffective for pain management. Implications: The study indicates that XK is more effective for analgesic procedures, while DK is recommended for painful treatments with additional analgesics. Highlights: XK Provides Analgesia: Only Xylazine-Ketamine offers significant pain relief. Shorter Recovery Time: XK results in quicker recovery compared to DK. DK Needs Supplement: Diazepam-Ketamine requires additional analgesics for pain management. Keywords: Anesthesia, Xylazine-Ketamine, Diazepam-Ketamine, Rabbits, Analgesia

TiO2-based nitrogen dioxide gas sensor with transparent ordered micro-hollow bump structure prepared by 3D heterogeneous integration technology

This study produces the TiO2 membrane for a transparent ordered micro-hollow-bump (TOMHB) structure using a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) and 3D heterogeneous integration (HI). The SEM image shows that the diameter and depth of each MHB are 12.5 μm and 8.5 μm. The TEM image shows that a 70 nm-thick TiO2 membrane is uniformly coated onto the MHB using atomic layer deposition (ALD). For NO2 gas sensing, the TiO2 TOMHB gas sensor is measured with and without UV irradiation at a working temperature for the sensor of room temperature, and a measurement time from NO2 injection to exhaust of about 5 min. Without UV irradiation, the gas response is good but the response time is slow and difficult-recoverable. With UV irradiation, the TiO2 TOMHB gas sensor has a fast response and recovery time. Four consecutive stability experiments show that the sensor response has an average value of 9.5 % for NO2 4.25 ppm. The average response time is 7 s and the average recovery time is 144 s. In addition, the TiO2 TOMHB gas sensor is a good selective for NO2 gas. These results show that the TiO2 TOMHB NO2 gas sensor has good stability, reproducibility and selectivity.

Optimizing NO2 gas sensor performance: Investigating the influence of cobalt doping on WO3 recovery kinetics for enhanced gas sensing application

Gas sensors utilizing a chemiresistive metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) are extensively employed, particularly for detecting nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at moderate temperatures. However, the gas response and the recovery time are hindering the performance of the MOS. In this research, to enhance the gas response and the recovery time a systematic investigation was performed to explore the impact of cobalt (Co) doping in tungsten trioxide (WO3) and its gas sensing properties. Fascinatingly, the 3 mM% Co-doped WO3 sensor exhibits a remarkable gas sensing response of 20776 % at 10 ppm NO2, showcasing a seven-fold enhancement compared to the pristine WO3 sample at 200 ℃. The findings demonstrated that the sensor exhibited an outstanding repeatability, selectivity and long-term stability of 95 % over 8 weeks. Moreover, the sensor possessed a fast response and recovery time 15 s/23 s as compared to the pristine sensor 26 s/154 s. The exceptional gas-sensing capabilities can be ascribed to the existence of defects (oxygen vacancy) within the structure. These defects effectively boost the surface reactivity of WO3 nanoplates, thereby augmenting their sensitivity and enabling a broad-range sensing performance. As a result, this research demonstrates considerable promise for utilizing environmental NO2 monitoring applications.

Efficient mixed-potential acetone sensor with yttria-stabilized zirconia and porous Co3O4 nanofoam sensing electrode for hazardous gas monitoring and breath analysis

For hazardous gas monitoring and non-invasive diagnosis of diabetes using breath analysis, porous foams assembled by Co3O4 nanoparticles were designed as sensing electrode materials to fabricate efficient yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-based acetone sensors. The sensitivity of the sensors was improved by varying the sintering temperature to regulate the morphology. Compared to other materials sintered at different temperatures, the porous Co3O4 nanofoams sintered at 800 °C exhibited the highest electrochemical catalytic activity during the electrochemical test. The response of the corresponding Co3O4-based sensor to 10 ppm acetone was –77.2 mV and it exhibited fast response and recovery times. Moreover, the fabricated sensor achieved a low detection limit of 0.05 ppm and a high sensitivity of –56 mV/decade in the acetone concentration range of 1–20 ppm. The sensor also exhibited excellent repeatability, acceptable selectivity, good O2/humidity resistance, and long-term stability during continuous measurements for over 30 days. Moreover, the fabricated sensor was used to determine the acetone concentration in the exhaled breaths of patients with diabetic ketosis. The results indicated that it could distinguish between healthy individuals and patients with diabetic ketosis, thereby proving its abilities to diagnose and monitor diabetic ketosis. Based on its excellent sensitivity and exhaled breath measurement results, the developed sensor has broad application prospects.

Sputtered Deposited Cu Functionalized MoS2 Nanoworm Thin Films for Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Gas Sensor

Semiconducting nanostructures thin films are used in state-of-arts applications due to their heightened physical properties. Semiconducting metal sulfides nanostructures are a growing asset in current semiconductor technology due to their extraordinary physical, chemical, and electronic properties and their outstanding applications in different sensing and optoelectronic devices. The gas sensing capability of semiconducting nanostructures is a recent research interest of many researchers. The MoS2 thin films were grown using reactive sputteringand the sensing performance of pure MoS2 and Cu-MoS2 thin films was studied towards nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas concentrations (2-200 ppm) at the optimum working temperature of 100℃. The Cu-MoS2 sensor provides a high sensing response as compared to the pure MoS2 thin-film sensor towards 20 ppm of NO2 gas with a fast response and recovery time of 54 s and 82 s, respectively. It was observed that the proposed sensor chip displays an almost stable signal up to the 5th cycle. It is observed that the proposed sensor device exhibits the highest response (30%) to NO2 concerning weak response (10%) towards additional potentially interfering gases (NH3, CO, and H2) at 100°C. It reveals that the Cu-MoS2 thin-film sensor chip is highly selective to NO2 gas at 100 °C.

Adsorption and Potential CO Gas-Sensing Performance of the Fe-Doped Ti2CO2-MXenes: A First-Principles Study.

The adsorption behaviors and electronic properties of five gas molecules (CO, H2O, NH3, NO, and C2H6O) on the intrinsic Ti2CO2 and Fe-doped Ti2CO2 were calculated and studied based on first principles. The adsorption height, bond length change, adsorption energy, charge transfer, band structure, differential charge, work function, and recovery time of the two gas adsorption systems were discussed, and their sensing performance was evaluated. The results show that the CO gas molecules have the best adsorption energy and charge transfer on Ti2CO2 modified by the Fe atom (Ti2CO2-Fe). The electrical conductivity obviously increases with the decrease of the band gap, which changes from semiconductor to conductor behavior. The reduction of the work function in the Ti2CO2-Fe system weakens the binding of the electron, which improves the electron flow between the substrate and the gas molecules. In addition, the Ti2CO2-Fe system with H2O molecule participation remained the best adsorption effect on CO gas, and the fast recovery time was 625 s at 398 K. Therefore, Ti2CO2-Fe is a prospective material for the advancement of CO gas-sensitive sensors.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Hirschsprung Disease: Current Practices and Future Directions.

Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon and rectum, leading to functional obstruction and severe constipation. Over the past decades, the surgical management of HD has significantly evolved, with minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques revolutionizing treatment approaches. This review explores recent innovations in MIS for HD, focusing on laparoscopic, transanal endorectal pull-through (TERPT), and robotic-assisted techniques. These approaches offer numerous advantages over traditional open procedures, including reduced surgical trauma, improved cosmesis, faster recovery times, and potentially lower complication rates. Laparoscopic surgery has become widely adopted, providing excellent visualization and precise dissection. TERPT has gained popularity for short-segment disease, offering a completely transanal approach with minimal scarring. Robotic-assisted surgery represents the cutting edge, enhancing surgical precision and dexterity. The review also examines emerging technologies and future directions, such as advanced imaging techniques, artificial intelligence applications, and potential developments in tissue engineering. While MIS techniques have shown promising outcomes, challenges remain in standardizing approaches, addressing long-segment disease, and optimizing long-term functional results. The future of HD surgery lies in personalized approaches that integrate genetic and molecular profiling with advanced surgical technologies. As the field continues to evolve, comprehensive long-term studies and efforts to improve access to specialized care will be crucial to further enhancing outcomes for patients with HD.

Inkjet-Printed Bio-Based Melanin Composite Humidity Sensor for Sustainable Electronics.

A lack of sustainability in the design of electronic components contributes to the current challenges of electronic waste and material sourcing. Common materials for electronics are prone to environmental, economic, and ethical problems in their sourcing, and at the end of their life often contribute to toxic and nonrecyclable waste. This study investigates the inkjet printing of flexible humidity sensors and includes biosourced and biodegradable materials to improve the sustainability of the process. Humidity sensors are useful tools for monitoring atmospheric conditions in various fields. Here, an aqueous dispersion of black soldier fly melanin was optimized for printing with a cosolvent and deposited onto interdigitated silver electrodes on flexible substrates. Impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that adding choline chloride increased the ion concentration and AC conductivity by more than 3 orders of magnitude, resulting in a significant improvement in sensing performance and reduced hysteresis. The devices exhibit fast detection (0.8 ± 0.5 s) and recovery times (0.8 ± 0.3 s), with a 170 ± 40-fold decrease in impedance for relative humidity changes from 30% to 90%. This factor is lowered upon prolonged exposure to high humidity in tests over 72 h during which a stable operation is reached. The low embodied energy of the sensor, achieved through material-efficient deposition and the use of waste management byproducts, enhances its sustainability. In addition, approaches for reusability and degradability are presented, rendering the sensor suitable for wearable or agricultural applications.

The effect of plate location on radial nerve palsy recovery time associated with humeral shaft fractures.

This study aims to investigate the influence of plate placement on nerve regeneration in humerus fractures accompanied by radial nerve injury. A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 94 patients with humerus fractures and concomitant radial nerve injury treated between January 2018 and November 2022. After applying exclusion criteria, 31 patients were included in the study. Clinical outcomes were assessed by comparing demographic data, surgical duration, radial nerve recovery time, the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH), and the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale. Two distinct groups were established: lateral plating and anteromedial (AM) plating. These groups demonstrated comparability regarding age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups concerning MEPS and MRC. The AM plating group notably exhibited shorter surgical durations, faster recovery times, and lower DASH scores. According to the findings of this investigation, in cases of humerus fractures accompanied by radial nerve injury, AM plating may be preferable over lateral plating due to its association with reduced surgical durations and expedited nerve recovery.