Farming Culture Research Articles

The Barriers of Co-Creative Service Development Models in the Context of Disadvantaged Rural Areas in Hungary

The paper is based on the observation of the process of reviving the forgotten culture of household economy, horticulture and livestock farming in disadvantaged rural areas and, through this, to develop a new service model for rural communities to strengthen the role of grassroots initiatives and enhancing the mechanisms of the co-operative model of local economy and democracy. Our research has shown that bottom-up models have several barriers to local governments in rural areas. The change in the political and governmental model of the last ten years has resulted in the restraint of local government autonomy and the vacancy of the role of local governments as public service providers. In this system, we can observe the strengthening of administrative dependence, the devaluation of the local elected political leadership (mayors) and the emergence of new rules of local power. In small settlements with less than 2,000 inhabitants, central state and political dependence intensified. Attempts to strengthen local communities have proved to be a major challenge in a highly centralised model of government. The present study gathers the factors that hinder the success of co-creative approaches in the local context and shows how the public service innovations organised by local governments are determined by the political and economic culture prevailing at the national level.

Plant selective breeding achievements: legal protection and intellectual property rights

Selective breeding achievement is a result of intellectual activity and at the same time a powerful means of production. Plant breeding and high culture of farming became the economic ground for emergence, development and existence of ancient and today’s civilizations for many centuries. Contribution of plant breeders to tackle the problems of food production and other challenges is always both of economic and political relevance, hence, selective breeding achievements are considered strategic objects. As the population of the planet increases and the need for the environment preservation grows, the role of the breeding activity will play a central role. There is much concern for every country about the balance between the necessity to provide the population with food and sustain biological variety in today’s global world. One of the ways to address the food issues and others is a genetic modification of living organisms including plant variety. Goals of the modern market of crop cultivation are to create adaptive breeds, which are resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses, can secure high and consistent harvest and are suitable for cultivation using resource saving technology, as well as food-supplying, technical and feeding orientation of the developed cultivars. At present, plant variety rights in most developed countries are completely excluded from the scope of patent law and are attributed to sui generis right. The authors’ research on plant variety rights from civil perspective allows for in-depth study of the character of the object.

THE MELIORATIVE CONDITION OF FOREST BROWN SOILS AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF ANTI-EROSION COMPLEX MEASURES

Land degradation and desertification are the greatest scourges threatening human society. Global climate change and gaps in the culture of agriculture significantly increase the negative impact of these processes. The article presents the direction of degradation processes in the eroded forest brown soils of the Lori region, the qualitative characteristics of these soils, the thickness, the degree of humus content and the availability of nutrients. To mitigate erosion processes, degradation and desertification of soils, on the basis of the conducted research, it is proposed to introduce new technologies and methods of resource-saving tillage and plant care into the agricultural system. In particular, it is necessary to cultivate the soil along the contours of the slope, apply effective crop rotation schemes and fertilize the soil with high rates of organic fertilizers (25-30 t/ha). On heavily eroded and uncultivated arable lands, it is necessary to cultivate a grass mixture of legumes and cereal grasses, which will significantly reduce erosion processes.

The Southern Guangdong Kirin in the Vision of Symbolic Value—Reflections on the Introduction of Kirin Dance into College Classes

"Among the various forms and contents of dance, both ancient and modern dances can express a certain degree of cultural significance and beliefs of all times."^[1] As a kind of folk culture, Kirin is a folk cultural phenomenon formed by customs and practices of the people in Southern Guangdong over a long period of agriculture civilization, which have been blooming during its unique development history. It is a mark and symbol of the people of Southern Canton and has a rich cultural connotation, which can evoke people's memory of the nation and history, and reflects the production mode, cultural awareness and technology level of the time from various aspects.

An Analysis of the Protection and Inheritance of Intangible Cultural Heritage from the Perspective of Cultural and Creative Industries: A Case Study on the “Huojing” in Bashu

Taking the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the “Huojing” in Bashu as an example, this article discusses the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage under the perspective of cultural and creative industries. Intangible cultural heritage is a product of the agricultural civilization era, which is currently incompatible in the era of high-speed development of the Internet and digital economy, leading to difficulties in its protection and inheritance. Cultural and creative industries are emerging industries in modern times, which integrate with other industries through unique innovative forms and operational methods. It is particularly important to fully tap cultural resources and transform them into a source of creative industry to enhance competitiveness. Intangible cultural heritage provides cultural materials and creative sources for the cultural and creative industries. In turn, the cultural and creative industries bring unprecedented development opportunities to intangible cultural heritage, promoting economic benefits, providing innovative mechanisms, and a platform for integration into modern society.

The Challenges of Sustainable Fish Farming Culture in North-East of Nigeria

The study was conducted in North East Zone of Nigeria where fishing has been the occupation of the inhabitants. The study focused on the challenges of sustainable fish farming culture in the study area. Data for the study was obtained from both primary and secondary sources through a public participation and stakeholders’ interview with the application of focus group discussion. The data collection for the research work was carried out within the period of 1st to 31st March 2023. Primarily, conservative qualitative method with snow-ball technique was applied and information was elicited from the respondents on challenges of sustainable fish farming culture. The study revealed the challenges associated in sustaining fish farming culture involves conflict associated with fisheries management system, the use of crude implements, the system is self-subsistence, over-exploitative, degradable, limitation of cultural adaptation and lack of support system. Recommendations were made for formulation of policy framework that will transformed and sustained the fish farming culture.

Research on landscape furniture design in Dongheqiao Village under the background of farming culture

Research on landscape furniture design in Dongheqiao Village under the background of farming culture

Does Farming Culture Shape Household Financial Decisions?

Does Farming Culture Shape Household Financial Decisions?

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT’S CORRELATION WITH SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN PAKISTAN: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS

Political evolution is the ultimate objective of all political systems. Political development is the enemy of progress in several domains, as well as the syndrome of difference, equality, and mass ability creation. There is a substantial positive association between a country's national and socioeconomic circumstances and its political growth. This includes the GDP growth rate and the urbanization rate, mass mobilization and engagement, educational growth, and democratic principles. Since its birth, Pakistan has been on a path of political growth and has seen several social transformations and a modernization drive in its society. Pakistan has reached a modest rate of growth, and its society is in a transitional phase between a traditional agricultural civilization and an industrialized one. Although the development process is gradual, it is rather stable with few setbacks. The rapid expansion of information technology and increased communication platforms have ushered in new developments and modernization movements in society. In this paper, we will explore if there is any correlation between political development and social conditions in Pakistan.

Agroclimatic and agroecotoxicological justification of zonal chemical protection systems against harmful organisms for field crops under conditions of climate change in Ukraine

Goal. Agroclimatic and agroecotoxicological zoning of the territory of Ukraine in order to justify ecologically safe zonal systems of chemical protection against harmful organisms, their optimization and adaptation to changes in climatic conditions and phytosanitary state of agrocenoses in different soil-climatic zones of Ukraine.
 Methods. Analytical-synthetic and experimental methods were used in the research. Literary sources, reports of the Institute of Plant Protection, data on the distribution and number of pests given in the annual reviews of the Department of Phytosanitary Safety of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection, databases of the State Statistic Service and the Hydrometeorological Center of Ukraine, as well as the results of field experiments were analyzed. Phytosanitary and ecotoxicological monitoring was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The degree of hazard of pesticide use was assessed using an integral 7-point scale, the risk — according to the agro-ecotoxicological index (AETI).
 Results. Ecological and statistical analysis of long-term databases, dynamics of agrometeorological indicators allows us to come to the conclusion that during the last 10 years climate changes have accelerated. They manifested through the equalization of the temperature field across the country, the increase in the sum of effective temperatures, and a deterioration of heat and moisture supply. This led to a disruption in the functioning of agrocenoses, a decrease in tolerance to the pesticide load. Under conditions of extension of the specified trends, significant disruptions in the functioning of the agricultural sector should be expected, considering the speed of changes. With the help of the Arc GIS — Arc INFO software complex, the agroclimatic and agroecotoxicological zoning of the territory of Ukraine under conditions of climatic changes of 2010—2020 was carried out. A decrease in the self-cleaning ability of the territory has been established. This is especially noticeable in the Forest Steppe, where the zonal self-cleaning index decreased from 0.70—0.50 to 0.60—0.45. Maps of agro-climatic zones and regions of Ukraine with different self-cleaning capabilities have been created.
 Conclusions. Regular addition and update of agro-climatic regulatory information under conditions of climate change is used for the correct selection and placement of agricultural areas, crops, assessment of conditions for their growth and development, planning of field work periods, forecasting of crop production in a specific year. This information is necessary for improving the culture of agriculture, increasing the production of plant products along with the wide application of modern technologies of crop cultivation, in particular chemical protection against harmful organisms.

KEARIFAN LOKAL TRADISI SEDEKAH BUMI DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER MASYARAKAT DIBEE LAMONGAN

The State of Indonesia has a culture that is very diverse in form and characteristics of each. At the local level, there is a tradition of giving alms to the earth which is carried out by the people of Dibee Village, Kalitengah District, Lamongan Regency. It is interesting to know how this tradition has continued until now, and the values ​​contained therein. Behind that, the tradition of giving alms to the earth is an expression of the people's gratitude for the sustenance to God Almighty. More than that, through this tradition, with prayers, residents hope that next year's harvest will be better. This value is related to the farming culture which is the main livelihood of the community. In addition, through this tradition, the community maintains an emotional bond with nature and respects the surrounding environment. Sociologically, the almsgiving earth tradition has values ​​contained in Pancasila, namely building togetherness among residents of Dibee Village, Kalitengah District, Lamongan Regency.

Social agriculture is a strategy to prevent the phenomenon of abandonment in mountain areas and areas at risk of desertification

Mountain agriculture is characterized by several greater difficulties than lowland agriculture. In recent times, the globalization of markets has led to the marginalization of many farms. Against this backdrop, this paper has analyzed two models of value creation in mountain social farming. Social farming has social inclusion and socialization objectives. Social agriculture has different characteristics compared to traditional agriculture in that it integrates the production function for the market with the social function understood as a transfer of positive externalities that originate from agriculture and have repercussions on individuals in terms of the transfer of farming culture, production techniques and processing of agricultural products. The research results highlight the strong social connotation of the two social farms even though two substantial differences emerge: the privately managed social farm depends on public funding for these purposes; the social farm managed by charitable organizations is dedicated to self-financing and the practice of gift economy. These aspects are relevant in production scenarios where social farming is intended. • Social agriculture enhances marginal mountain areas. • Social agriculture creates conditions for the reintegration of people with disabilities into society. • Social farming is also based on the gift economy.

New evidence of Neolithic industries from the West Garo Hills, northeastern India

Abstract This paper is based on the field investigations conducted in the West Garo Hills of northeastern India. The work presents a brief report on the Neolithic manufacturing sites of the West Garo Hills. It addresses the various issues of lithic sequence, typological classifications, lithic technology, settlement pattern and site distribution pattern of the known sites and newly discovered sites in the West Garo Hills. Large clusters of Neolithic manufacturing sites have been located on the hilltops and hillslopes close to present-day rivers, streams, natural springs, water channels and modern Garo community habitats. Dolerite raw materials were mostly preferred for fashioning the artefacts, and manufacturing units are found close to the dyke basalt rock sources. Findings of habitation deposits or pottery are very sparse; however, evidence of plant and animal domestication, burial, bone tools, and metal use pose new hypotheses on their use owing to poor preservation. The Palaeolithic evidence and the region's transition to early farming cultures remain vague.

Discussion on the Communication of Intangible Cultural Heritage from the Perspective of Light Transmission

Intangible cultural heritage is a cultural treasure formed by the people of all ethnic groups in the long life, production and practice of our country. It is the imprint of the Chinese nation's civilization and crystallization of wisdom. It has a long history and has lasted until now. However, as a product of agricultural civilization, intangible cultural heritage, although it has already returned to people's vision, still seems incompatible with modern society. The effect of traditional "heavy communication" has been questioned, and digital "light communication" has gradually become the mainstream of society. Based on the current situation of the communication of intangible cultural heritage, this paper puts forward suggestions from three aspects: the main body, the form and the content of the communication, focusing on the key issues such as how to focus on the communication of intangible cultural heritage to light the communication, with a view to providing ideas and reference for the communication of intangible cultural heritage in China.

When Do You Stop Arriving? The Project “We Are Not Strangers Here: African American Histories in Rural California”

This article highlights a new public history project, “We Are Not Strangers Here: African American Rural Histories in California,” which examines hidden histories of African Americans who have shaped California’s food and farming culture from early statehood to the present. I detail the project’s archival content, including an overview of its methodological framework and the stories featured in its public components. I also pay special attention to the design of the project’s public engagement, including its recently launched traveling banner exhibit, accompanying podcast, and in-development digital exhibit. This essay thus illustrates the dynamic opportunities that public humanities projects like this one present in amplifying important, under-told state histories.

Fighting for Farmers

Fighting for Farmers

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE COLLECTIVE FARMS OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD (1946 – 1953)

The author in the article studies the features of the socio-economic development ofthe collective farms of Kazakhstan in the post-war period. The post-war decade was difficult for the collective farms and the peasantry.The collective farms were facedwith urgent problems of improving the culture ofagriculture, supplying irrigation water, preserving social livestock, and also providing labor. Despite the crisis situation in the agrarian sector,the state continued to alienate a significant part of agricultural products from the collective farms, obligatory grain procurements weremaintained. The solution of agriculturaldevelopment issues was traditionally carried out within the framework of the command and administrativeleadership, without using the principles of economic incentives. The implementation of a number of agrarian reforms to enlarge the collective farms only helped to restore the pre-war level ofproduction. The restoration of agriculture led only to a slight improvementin the socio-economic situation of the collective farmers, and made it possible to solve the problem of supplying the city with food.

Restorative Justice Paradigm of Kanayat'n Dayak Customary Law on Environmental Damage Caused By Shifting Cultivation

The culture of farming and clearing land has existed since the transition of primitive humans to the modern age, as has the agricultural culture of the Dayak Kanayat’n indigenous people, which has been handed down from their predecessors for generations is currently evolving. The Kanayat’n Dayak are a sub-tribe of the Dayak who reside primarily in West Kalimantan on the island of Kalimantan. The Dayak Kanayat’n indigenous people are predominantly traditional farmers using traditional farming techniques. Agriculture is a part of the culture; agricultural techniques give rise to a farming culture, which absorbs local practices in cultivating the land. The pattern of land clearing can deduce the traditional nature of this agriculture. Conventional Dayak kanayat’n farmers clear the ground by identifying the area, chopping down the vegetation, and burning the remnants. This method of land clearance employed by the indigenous Dayak Kanyat‘n is also known as shifting cropping. This shifting cultivation activity has a positive aspect, namely the development and preservation of traditional Dayak kanayat’n agricultural culture customs. Still, it also has a wrong side, environmental damage, if carried out in large quantities and without measurement. This research focuses on the sociological juridical approach. Methods of data collection employing both primary and secondary legal materials. Article 80 of the Provisions for the Traditional Deliberation in Sengah Temila District, dated March 12-13, 2010, stipulates the administration of restorative justice to farmers who violate Dayak Kanayat customary law and cause forest fires. The sanction is Siam Pahar Pangalabur Temenggung.

‘It's a lonely old world’: Developing a multidimensional understanding of loneliness in farming

AbstractThis article develops a multidimensional understanding of loneliness in farming communities, based on qualitative research with the UK farming community. It presents a conceptual model of loneliness in farming and uses evidence from workshops and interviews with farmers, farm family members and farm support practitioners to explore the various ways in which loneliness is manifested and experienced within the specific context of farming environments, cultures and identities. A range of farming‐specific factors commonly contribute to experiences of loneliness within this community, and we argue that these can be conceptualised as relating to three varying, but interlinking, dimensions of loneliness: social, emotional and cultural. We also discuss the role that certain elements of farming culture and identity play in shaping the ways in which loneliness is experienced and managed. Finally, we consider some of the implications of our findings and suggest priorities for action from a range of stakeholders including the government, the public, farm support organisations and the farming community themselves. Understanding the complexities and nuances of loneliness within farming is important in order to mitigate the issue and help address wider mental health problems within this population.

Participatory Learning and Co-Design for Sustainable Rural Living, Supporting the Revival of Indigenous Values and Community Resiliency in Sabrang Village, Indonesia

Industrialization and urbanization have affected Indonesia’s rural communities and farming culture, which were once integral parts of its ecological system. This paper presents a participatory co-design approach based on the local and traditional learning philosophy of niteni to support sustainable development. The participatory co-design approach encouraged collaboration between marginalized communities, government bodies, and a multidisciplinary academic team. Through this lens, interviews, forums, and an ethnographic study were undertaken in order to acquire data and information for idea generation and planning. Firstly, eight niteni themes were identified, including the environment and ecosystems, traditional values and farming culture, crafting skills, manufacturing, and the local economy. Building on an understanding of the challenges associated with each of these themes, we identified future development priorities. A key action identified was the reintroduction of traditional farming, in particular the planting of local rice varieties and the local tradition of Pranatamangsa, which promote human–nature connections such as farming activities and rituals following natural seasonal cycles. Finally, design approaches were used to revive the local rice farming tradition (Rojolele Delanggu), including product branding and packaging designs to support regional identity. The paper concludes that the inclusion of design thinking in a sustainable development strategy based on cultural specificity can increase participation and support traditional indigenous practices and community resiliency.