Background and Aims:Background and Aims: Dyspepsia is often defined as pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen, and includes symptoms such as epigastric pain, postprandial fullness, and early satiation. Endoscopy is also recommended in patients who have a family history of gastric cancer and who have alarm symptoms, for example iron deficiency anemia. We de-signed a retrospective study to determine lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with iron deficiency anemia divided into two groups as with and without dyspeptic symptoms. Materials and Methods: The study inclu-ded 124 patients with iron deficiency anemia divided into two groups as with and without dyspeptic symptoms, selected from among 1247 patients who underwent upper endoscopy in Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Gastroenterology Department, between 2005 and 2009. Results: There were no differences in upper endoscopy between patients with iron deficiency ane-mia with and without dyspeptic symptoms. Conclusions: We concluded that the endoscopic examination should be done with uncertain reasons in iron deficiency anemia patients with and without dyspeptic symptoms