Impact of family functioning and academic self-efficacy on maladaptive behaviors and depressive symptoms in rural adolescents.

Psychiatric readmission represents the most intensive level of care, aimed at stabilizing severe psychiatric symptoms. However, many youths are readmitted soon after discharge, leading to further disruption in social, academic, and family functioning. This narrative minireview synthesizes current evidence on predictors of psychiatric readmission among youths, with the goal of informing targeted interventions to reduce readmission. A search of major databases, including PubMed and PsycINFO, was conducted for English-language studies published between 2003 and 2025. Search terms included readmission, rehospitalization, predictors, psychiatry, children, and adolescents. Multiple factors were linked to increased risk of psychiatric readmission in youths. Psychosocial risk factors included childhood adversity and trauma, family factors, and environmental factors. Clinical characteristics included diagnostic categories, suicidal ideation/suicide attempts, neurodevelopmental disorders, and substance use. Treatment-related factors included prior hospitalizations, longer length of stay, treatment non-adherence, discharge and disposition planning, and aftercare services. System-level factors and sociodemographic factors also influenced the risk of readmission. Understanding predictors of psychiatric readmission can guide targeted prevention strategies. Addressing psychosocial vulnerabilities, improving discharge planning, and enhancing access to community-based services are essential for reducing readmission among high-risk youths. Future research should systematically evaluate both risk and protective factors and develop reliable methods for predicting readmission.

Correction: 'Family functionality and its association with non-communicable diseases among urban adults in Selangor, Malaysia: a cross-sectional study'.

Factors associated with family-perceived support among caregivers of hospitalized children: A cross-sectional study.

Mental disorders can impact parenting negatively, thus placing their children at risk of adversity. The current service support for parents in adult mental health (AMHS)service is limited. The objective of this randomized clinical trial will be to evaluate the effects of a transdiagnostic mentalization-based parenting program (Lighthouse MBTParenting Program) versus care as usual (CAU) for parents with mental disorders in AMHS in Denmark. This trial is designed as an investigator-initiated single-center open-label randomized clinical superiority trial of the Lighthouse MBTParenting Program compared to CAU for parents with mental disorders. Participants will be recruited from Danish outpatient mental health clinics by the local service providers and will be included if they have a child 0-17 years of age, whom they are in regular contact with. We plan to randomize 170 parents with a 1:1 allocation ratio stratified by parental gender and baseline parenting stress score. The primary outcome will be level of parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index version 4 - Short Form). Secondary outcomes will be child psychological problems and functioning (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire - Extended version), parental quality of life (brief abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Questionnaire of Life), family functioning (McMaster Family Assessment Device - General Functioning), exposure to child adversity in offspring (Adverse Child Experiences Questionnaire), parenting competence (Parenting Sense of Competence), parental psychiatric symptom severity (Brief Symptom Inventory), parental health-related quality of life and functioning (European Quality of Life - 5 Dimensions - 3 Levels), and parental use of drugs and alcohol (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test - Extended). The primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed before randomization and at 6, 12, and 24 months after randomization. The primary time-point of assessment will be 6 months after randomization for all randomized participants. Exploratory outcomes include key theoretical concepts, includingparental mentalizing (Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire), mind-mindedness (representational Mind-Mindedness), and epistemic trust (Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire). Exploratory outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at 6 months follow-up. Adverse events will be systematically monitored throughout the trial period using the e-journal system. This trial will provide evidence of the effects of a transdiagnostic mentalization-based parenting intervention (Lighthouse MBT Parenting Program)compared to care as usual for parents with mental disorders in adult mental health servicesin Denmark. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06315114. Registration on 01-03-2024.

Anxiety development trajectories in junior high students: effects of family functioning and gender, and prediction of non-suicidal self-injury.

Navigating Parenthood in the Shadow of Cancer: A Scoping Review of Healthy Parents' Experiences.

Emerging adulthood is a crucial period in the development of romantic relationships, characterized by exploration in building more intimate and meaningful connections. However, not all individuals engage in romantic relationships adaptively, as evidenced by the increasing prevalence of toxic relationships. This indicates that romantic involvement does not always reflect the ability to establish healthy relationship. Romantic competence becomes essential as it encompasses the skills to understand, manage, and maintain romantic relationships in an adaptive way. Family functioning serves as a key factor in the development of romantic competence, as it is the first environment where individuals learn interaction patterns and interpersonal relations. This study aims to examine the relationship between family functioning and romantic competence among emerging adults. This study uses a correlational quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The participants consisted of 198 emerging adults aged 18–25 years, selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected using the Family Assessment Device (FAD) to measure family functioning and the Inventory of Romantic Relationship Competence (IRRC) to measure romantic competence. Data analysis was conducted using Spearman's correlation test with IBM SPSS 27. The results revealed a positive and significant relationship between family functioning and romantic competence (r = 0.417, p < 0.001). This finding interprets that higher levels of family functioning are associated with a greater ability to engage in adaptive romantic relationships. Overall, the findings suggest that the quality of family relationships serves as a “blueprint” for the interaction patterns individuals develop in their romantic relationships during early adulthood.

Under the guidance of the I 3 model, this study examines the relationship between family functioning and online trolling and the mediating role of the dark triad, and explores whether expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal in emotion-regulation strategies moderate the relationship between the dark triad and online trolling. A total of 1,149 valid questionnaires were collected from college students. The results showed that family functioning significantly and negatively predicts online trolling, and that the dark triad plays a mediating role between the two. In addition, the emotion-regulation strategy of expression suppression moderates the relationship between the dark triad and online trolling. Specifically, expression suppression exacerbates the impact of the dark triad on online trolling. This study examines the impact mechanism of online trolling considering the influence of the environment and personality, provides a new perspective for understanding online trolling and has practical significance for intervention measures to reduce these effects.

ABSTRACT Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) is a leading cause of long-term dependency worldwide. Its consequences, particularly those affecting communication and language, significantly impact both the individual and overall family functioning. This study aimed to: (1) characterize family quality of life (FQoL) in families of adults with chronic ABI in Spain; (2) examine discrepancies between perceived importance and satisfaction across FQoL dimensions; and (3) assess how the severity of communication impairments relates to FQoL satisfaction outcomes. Seventy-one primary family caregivers completed an ad hoc questionnaire including the FQoL scale, which assesses five dimensions – Family interaction, Role of family members, Emotional well-being, Resources and support, and Physical and material well-being – each rated for importance and satisfaction. Non-parametric analyses revealed significant variation in caregiver ratings across dimensions for both importance and satisfaction, with Emotional Well-being receiving the lowest satisfaction scores. In all dimensions, importance ratings significantly exceeded satisfaction, with large effect sizes, indicating widespread unmet needs. Greater severity of communicative impairments was associated with significantly lower satisfaction in Emotional well-being, Resources and support, and Physical and material well-being. These findings underscore the relevance of communication impairments as a critical factor influencing FQoL and highlight emotional health as a particularly vulnerable area.

Background: Women in polygamous marriages are known to experience higher levels of psychological distress. However, less is known about how physicians perceive and interpret their complaints and how these perceptions shape the patient-physician relationship. Aim: This study aimed to examine physicians' perceptions of somatic complaints among Bedouin Arab women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages and to explore differences in the patient-physician relationship. Methods: This quantitative study included 126 participants-75 women in monogamous marriages and 51 in polygamous marriages-along with their treating physicians. Women completed self-report measures assessing psychological distress, self-esteem, marital satisfaction, and family functioning. Physicians provided information regarding clinic utilization patterns, symptom characteristics, and their interpretations of patients' complaints. Results: Women in polygamous marriages reported significantly higher psychological distress, greater somatization, poorer family functioning, and reduced marital satisfaction compared to women in monogamous marriages, consistent with previous research. Physicians reported more frequent unscheduled clinic visits among women in polygamous marriages and were more likely to interpret their complaints as having psychological rather than purely physical origins. These patterns reflected differences in clinical perceptions and patient-physician interactions between the groups. Conclusions: The findings highlight differences in how physicians perceive and respond to complaints presented by women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages. These results underscore the importance of culturally informed clinical approaches and increased awareness of potential biases in primary healthcare settings.

Military families face unique challenges that can impact their leisure activities. This study aimed to assess the types and levels of engagement, and the degree of satisfaction with leisure in military families in Lubuskie Province. The Core and Balance Model of Family Leisure Functioning (CBM) was used to explore the relationship between core and balance activities and the level of satisfaction with family leisure involvement. Three standardized questionnaires were used: the Family Leisure Activity Profile (FLAP), the Family Leisure Satisfaction Scale (FLSS), and the Satisfaction with Family Life (SWFL). The sample consisted of 26 Polish families (52 individuals). Core activities were found to be more popular, but preferences and engagement patterns varied between adults and children. Parents tended to be more involved in core activities, while children preferred balance activities. Correlations between participation and satisfaction varied across age groups, highlighting different leisure needs and experiences within families. Findings point to the importance of tailoring leisure programs to the specific needs of both adults and children with a view to enhancing family functioning.

Quality aging as an integrative concept in gerontology.

Veteran trauma is central to trauma research. Combat exposure, perceived threat, and concerns about disruptions to life and family are key predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in veterans. This study examines how various deployment stressors relate to PTSS and other psychological outcomes. Eighty-six Israeli combat veterans (active duty=60; reserve duty=26) with intense combat exposure reported their combat experiences and deployment-related concerns and completed mental health measures. A cluster analysis identified clusters of co-occurring deployment stressors. Bayesian Graphical Gaussian Models (BGGM) mapped the interrelationships between combat stressors, PTSS, and other psychological outcomes. A subsample of 66 completed a two-month follow-up, enabling analysis of symptom change trajectories. Active-duty soldiers reported more combat exposures, whereas reservists expressed greater concerns about disruptions to life and family. The strongest correlate of PTSS and anxiety was concern over a partner during deployment. Urban operations were also linked to PTSS and specific symptom clusters and vivid trauma memory. Sustaining an injury was associated with more vivid traumatic memories. Longitudinal analyses revealed three symptom trajectories: stable, improvement, and exacerbation, but these were unrelated to sociodemographic factors and unaffected by post-deployment support, unit cohesion, or family functioning. Deployment-related stressors differentially affect veteran mental health. Chronic concerns over partner and family, as well as stressors and exposures involving uncertainty and threat, warrant special attention in clinical and research settings.

In their recent scoping review, Donegan, Zhao, and Mansu (2025) provide a valuable synthesis of international best practice guidelines on birth trauma support for birthing women. While several reviews have explored fathers' experiences of traumatic or complicated births and proposed recommendations for improved care, systematic implementation and empirical evaluation remain limited. In this commentary, we broaden Donegan et al.'s focus on birthing women by extending the scope of trauma-informed perinatal care to also include non-birthing parents. Drawing on findings from a Danish qualitative study conducted in spring 2025, as well as existing research and theoretical perspectives, we explore how non-birthing parents can be profoundly affected by traumatic births - often without recognition or adequate support. We conclude by offering six recommendations for practice and future research aimed at broadening the scope of trauma-informed perinatal care to meaningfully include non-birthing parents and thereby reduce the triadic impact of birth trauma and support individual and family functioning.

Development and cross-cultural validation of the Family Triangulation Scale in five Latin American countries.

Research suggests that cultural stress positively predicts depressive symptoms among Hispanic immigrants through compromised family functioning. However, little research has examined whether the indirect effects of parents' and adolescents' cultural stress on their own depressive symptoms-via their perceptions of parent-adolescent communication-are moderated by the level of cultural stress experienced by the other family member. The present study was designed to examine (a) mediated effects and (b) moderated mediation effects of cultural stress on depressive symptoms for both parents and adolescents through parent-adolescent communication. A longitudinal structural equation model was estimated using data from 302 recent immigrant Hispanic families in Miami (n = 152) and Los Angeles (n = 150). Parents' and adolescents' cultural stress positively predicted their depressive symptoms through their own reports of impaired parent-adolescent communication. Additionally, we found significant moderated mediated effects of cultural stress on depressive symptoms for both parents and adolescents through their respective reports of impaired parent-adolescent communication. Specifically, the mediated effects of one family member's cultural stress on their depressive symptoms via parent-adolescent communication were significant only when the other family member's cultural stress was relatively low. These findings suggest that Hispanic immigrant families where parents' and adolescents' cultural stress levels do not align are vulnerable to poor parent-adolescent communication and subsequent depressive symptoms. Family interventions should be designed to build a standardized family position on experiences of cultural stress in a new context, aiming to reduce gaps in cultural stress and mitigate mental health disparities faced by vulnerable Hispanic families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

The current study was planned with the aim to measure the relationship among family functioning, emotional intelligence and suicidal tendencies in adolescents by using a cross sectional survey research design. Through multi-stage stratified sampling, a sample of 1000 adolescents’ age ranging from 13–19 years was recruited from schools and colleges of Gujrat, Pakistan. The General Functioning of Family Scale was used to collect data on general functioning (Kareem et al., 2022), the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale was employed to collect data on emotional intelligence (Zahra et al., 2024), and the Suicidal Tendencies Scale(Kausar & Fatima 2024) was used to collect data on suicide tendencies. Analysis of Pearson correlation showed significant negative relationships among suicidal tendencies, family functioning (r = −0.431, p < 0.01) and emotional intelligence (r = −0.209, p < 0.01). ANOVA and t -test results showed significant differences in emotional intelligence of adolescents (F = 39.29, p = 0.001) in relation to the maternal education. Further, the females had higher emotional intelligence as compared to the males (p = 0.002). Conversely, the gender and a family structure (nuclear & joint) did not have a significant influence on suicidal tendencies. The findings highlight the importance of the systemic interventions, implying that the enhancement of the family cohesion and incorporation of the emotional literacy programs into the educational curriculums are key measures in preventing suicide among the adolescents.

ABSTRACT Challenging behaviours following acquired brain injury can lead to social isolation, reduced quality of life, and carer distress. The online “Carers Way Ahead” (CWA) support programme advises families how to manage behaviours and promotes self-care. An RCT determined if CWA reduces challenging behaviours and improves carer mood, family function and general health. 44 carers of individuals with ABI were randomly allocated to Active Treatment (n = 23; 10-week intervention) or Waitlist control (n = 21). A clinical psychologist provided input as needed. Primary and secondary outcomes were measured pre and post intervention and, where possible, at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Following intervention, the Active group reported reduced depression, anxiety, and stress (d:.84–1.22). No other outcomes were significant. Post hoc, pre–post analyses of everyone who received the intervention (N = 35) indicated improved behaviour, carer mood, family functioning, and strategy use, with many gains sustained at 6 months post-intervention. On average, clinicians provided two hours of support per carer. To conclude, CWA is effective for improving carer mood. The RCT was underpowered, so changes in other outcomes remain ambiguous, but future studies may address this. CWA is now available in seven languages https://cwa.psy.unsw.edu.au/.

Exploring the interplay between maternal depressive symptoms, family functioning, and internalizing symptoms in Greek adolescents