Factors In Construction Projects Research Articles

Review of Delay Factors in Construction Projects of Riyadh; A Case Study to Enhance Project Performance with Sustainability

The construction project delays can be defined as an extension of time beyond the contractual time agreed during the tender stage, in past decade almost 70% of mega construction projects experienced time overruns. The construction professionals have specified that they have been facing average time delay of 10 to 30% from the original duration of the project. In modern building projects delays during MEP (Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing) system installation phase are exceeding due to complexity and mechanized application of services in building projects. This study investigates the key challenges affecting the timely completion of construction projects and causing delays. As a case study chosen two mega ongoing construction projects in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to investigate delays and their impact on project performance and sustainable development in construction. The challenges were discovered from the literature and investigated to analyze their significance towards project performance improvement and sustainable construction development. Data collection was administered through structured questionnaire survey performed among 291 construction professionals according to the sample size to find the objectives using 5-point Likert-scale. The impacts were grouped into main Kep Performance Indicator (KPI’s) of project i.e. quality, cost and time. The outcome reported various critical challenges contributed to project delays; poor communication, non-compliance with specifications, design approvals and monthly payments related factors being the most important challenge in the construction industry. The top strategies such as smooth coordination, approved design before execution, mock-ups, prototypes and timely payments of claims could significantly control project delays and enhance performance with sustainability. Finally, the study findings will contribute to the body of knowledge to mitigate delays and will help the construction professionals to enhance performance with sustainability for upcoming construction projects in Saudi Arabia.

Mitigating Delay Impacts in Construction Projects: An Evaluation of Causes and Strategies

Construction plays a crucial role in driving national economic growth for sustainable development. Nonetheless, delays in many building projects emerged due to various challenges. Identifying and addressing these delays proved essential for ensuring project success. Timely completion stood as a key indicator of project success, whereas delays could result in increased costs and disputes among stakeholders. This study aimed to explore the causes of delays in construction projects and their remedial measures. Specifically, the research investigated delay factors in construction projects across Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, including the Machai Hydro Power Project in Mardan, the Golen Gol Hydro Power Project in Chitral, the KOTO Hydro Power Project in Lower Dir, and the rehabilitation of the Peshawar to Dara Adam Khel carriageway. Data was collected through Google Forms, with participants providing valuable responses. The analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS. Results indicated that land acquisition, client issues, consultant problems, general factors, and budget conflicts had the most significant impact on delays. This study offered important insights into the construction industry, highlighting strategies to mitigate these issues and improve project efficiency.

Assessment of Delay Factors in Construction Projects: A Chronological Analysis with Insights from Iraq

Time overruns occur when construction projects take longer than anticipated to complete, significantly affecting costs, stakeholder satisfaction, and project success. This research aims to identify and rank the primary reasons for construction project delays, providing context for each factor's relative significance and recommending corrective actions. To achieve this goal, a detailed list of probable delay causes was established through a review of the literature and discussions with professionals in the construction management field, creating a statistically acceptable sample. The study identified seventy-two (72) delay factors classified into eleven primary categories for consideration in the questionnaire. A survey was conducted with expert engineers from municipal, state, and private general construction companies. Data analysis employed the Relative Importance Index (RII), ranking, and easy-to-understand percentages. The sequencing of variables and categories reflected their significance, especially post-2013. The study investigated typical reasons for project-related delays and provided advice on how to manage and minimize delays in building projects. Based on the results, projects suffer from delays primarily due to financial-related factors, with the highest RII being 0.7539. Additionally, respondents agreed that projects failed to finish on time due to delays in progress payments by the owner, with overdue payments having the highest RII of 0.8031. This article serves as a reference for all stakeholders engaged in the construction sector, promoting efficient project management, maintaining competitive quality standards, and reducing costs. It is recognized that project time and costs are directly correlated.

Cost and time risk factors in construction projects in the Dominican Republic

The building sector is very dynamic and complex, so construction works are surrounded by uncertainties. The deficiencies of this sector are mainly related to poor project planning and management, resulting in losses because of missed deadlines, cost overruns, reworks, and unsatisfied clients. For a project to be successful, all the parties involved should work together to effectively manage the risks that could emerge in the project life cycle. This research defines and establishes a classification of the factors causing cost and time deviations in construction projects in the Dominican Republic. For this purpose, the most common factors are compiled, and their risk levels are determined by using the data obtained in a survey in which professionals from the building sector participated. The indexes marked by the participants show that the serious risk factors are design variations and the variations made by clients, a tight project schedule and the preparation of bid offers, deficiencies in the work planning and schedule, the lack of skilled labour, and work performance errors.

A Review - Factors Affecting on Time, Cost and Quality of Construction

Abstract: The primary goal of this study is to assess and explore time, cost, and quality management within the construction industry. The purpose of the study is to identify factors that impact time, cost, and quality management in construction projects. Quality stands out as a crucial aspect of all projects, and the success of construction projects hinges significantly on the performance of quality. However, accomplishing this objective is undeniably a challenging task. This study specifically investigates the factors that influence the control of cost and time in construction projects. The aim is to propose recommendations that can assist stakeholders in achieving enhanced cost and time performance in construction projects. The study acknowledges the intricate nature of balancing these key elements and strives to contribute valuable insights for improving overall project outcomes in the construction industry. This study is limited to the perspective of an appropriate sample of professionals in the construction industry. The data collection method involves the use of questionnaires and interviews, which will be subject to descriptive statistical analysis utilizing percentages, mean scores, and frequency of collected data. The primary factors influencing time, cost, and quality in a construction project were identified as planned and scheduled deficiencies, fraudulent methods, kickbacks, and the absence of clear evaluation standards. The research aims to scrutinize the factors that have both positive and adverse effects on construction projects. The study recommends that the construction team work diligently to ensure effective management of time, cost, and quality in construction projects. The objective of this study is to analyze how those involved in project teams perceive time, cost, and quality management on construction projects. Conclusions are drawn, and recommendations are made regarding time, cost, and quality management estimates for construction projects. In the construction industry, the concept of risk management is a less popular technique. There are three main stages in the systematic approach to risk management in the construction industry. A questionnaire, developed based on identified factors, was used to gather the opinions of construction experts. Quality is a critical aspect of any project, especially in construction. The success of construction projects is largely determined by the quality of work. Unfortunately, the construction industry is facing quality issues that result in ineffective and inefficient projects, leading to cost overruns, delays, and excessive rework. To address this issue, a research study was conducted to examine the factors that have positive and negative impacts on construction projects. A questionnaire was developed to gather feedback from construction experts, and statistical analysis tools such as chisquare and weighted mean method (WMM) were used to rank the significance of these factors. The definition of quality can vary depending on the perspective of those defining it. Some see it as meeting specific requirements, while others view it as delivering value for the price paid. For construction companies, quality is about satisfying customers and fulfilling their needs while staying within budget. Quality is an important factor in construction projects, as it can lead to cost overruns and delays. Quality control (QC) and quality assurance systems are established to meet specific requirements. In the construction industry, QC can be seen as achieving client satisfaction, managing costs, and allowing enough time to achieve the desired level of quality. An international standard organization (ISO) has developed a quality assurance system to improve quality and address quality-related issues. The ISO 9001 series has been created to apply to all types of organizations.

Developing ANFIS-FMEA model for assessment and prioritization of potential trouble factors in Iraqi building projects

Abstract The “Failure Mode and Effects Analysis” (FMEA) is a widely recognized and practical method in reliability engineering. Its primary objective is to investigate, identify, and prioritize potential failure modes in a given system, design, operation, or service. However, it possesses several limitations. The present research employs a novel hybrid assessment model that combines the conventional FMEA with the “Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System” (ANFIS) technique and “Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process” (FAHP) method. The aim is to overcome the limitations of conventional FMEA and establish a system-based decision model that can serve as an efficient tool for evaluating and ranking potential trouble factors in construction projects, identifying suitable responses promptly and assisting the project management team in recovering troubled projects. The model proposed utilized the amalgamated impact (I T) of cost and time, both of which are gauged via fuzzy AHP, alongside the Probability of Occurrence (P) and the degree of detection and control for potential trouble factors (DCD), as the basis for decision-making criteria, This (decision) is achieved by computing a trouble priority number. The hybrid approach was utilized to assess trouble factors in troubled construction projects. The findings demonstrate that the FMEA-ANFIS-FAHP model can provide a better assessment of trouble factors in construction projects experiencing difficulties. The hybrid model is a viable alternative to the conventional FMEA approach, as it mitigates various limitations and weaknesses inherent in the latter. Additionally, the hybrid model circumvents the need for many experts and expedites the assessment process.

Analysis and prioritisation of critical delay factors in construction projects: A Colombian case

Abstract The factors causing delays in construction projects continue to be studied, yet Colombia's construction sector remains plagued by excessive deadlines, cost overruns, and disputes among the parties involved. This study aims to analyze and prioritize the critical factors that cause delays in construction projects. The proposed methodological framework begins with identifying delay factors from the literature review. Essential factors are determined using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) technique, considering expert opinions. Then, a structural analysis of these factors is performed using the Matrix of Cross-Impact Multiplications Applied to Classification (MICMAC) technique to determine the key factors and their driver-dependent correlations. Finally, a multi-criteria analysis is conducted using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) technique to establish the hierarchy of critical factors. The study found that the two most critical factors causing delays in construction projects are schedule adherence and the variation of execution times versus planned times. Additionally, the sequential integration of the three techniques allowed for effectively identifying and prioritizing critical factors, making the proposed methodological framework suitable for application in similar contexts. The results can help project managers focus on these factors, develop realistic plans, and strengthen project stakeholder management to mitigate the effects of delays in future projects.

COST AND TIME ANALYSIS USING EARNED VALUE METHOD CONSTRUCTION OF UPBJJ BUILDING OPEN UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA PHASE II

Project delays often become a source of disputes and claims between owners and contractors, making them highly costly. Contractors face penalties as specified in the contract and incur overhead costs during the ongoing project. From the owner's perspective, project delays lead to reduced revenue due to the postponement of facility operations. A project is prone to delays if planning and control are not executed accurately. Various factors in construction projects can extend the duration, resulting in project completion delays. Therefore, considering this background, this research aims to assess the planning of the construction of Building II at Open University Surabaya Regional Office (UPBJJ) in terms of cost and time performance. The study utilizes the earned value method to analyze the cost and time aspects of the construction project. Based on the analysis, the Estimate at Complete (EAC) indicates an estimated cost of Rp. 73,908,443,223.09 for completing the project. Additionally, the Time Estimate (TE) analysis suggests a projected duration of 53 weeks for project completion.

Applications of existing and emerging construction safety technologies

Applications of existing and emerging construction safety technologies

Analyzing the interactions among delay factors in construction projects: A multi criteria decision analysis

The construction industry is a crucial sector that drives economic growth and facilitates socio-economic development. However, construction projects often get delayed due to multiple controllable and uncontrollable circumstances. In this scenario, the construction industry is striving for potential solutions to resolve project delays. Thus, the present study objectives to analyze the delay factors that affect the timely accomplishment of construction projects in the context of emerging economies. The study adopts a mixed methodology comprising of Delphi, Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) and Matrice d' Impacts Croises Multiplication Applique a Classement (MICMAC) method to model the identified delay factors. A Delphi analysis was conducted to finalize the most crucial delay factors to the on-time completion of building projects. The causal relationships and expert interpretations for each identified delay factor were then determined using multi-criteria decision analysis, TISM and MICMAC analysis. The study results highlight that lack of knowledge of newer construction methodologies and lack of project monitoring tools and techniques are positioned at the bottom level of model, which suggests that this delay factor influences others. The study results will help managers resolve the issues of project delays by selecting the most suitable approach. The findings from the study suggest adopting advanced technologies for effective communication, use of analytical tools for resource allocation and waste-scrapping approaches for eliminating delays in construction projects.

Application of fund analysis model to identify key factors in construction projects

This study constructs a funnel analysis model by collecting relevant data to achieve fault monitoring. Back-propagation (BP) neural networks are also used to identify structural damage in construction projects, and a genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimise BP to improve issues such as slow convergence and long time consumption. The results indicate that the difference between the third-order frequency and the first-order curvature mode is the most suitable indicator for damage warning and identification. The difference in the first-order curvature mode of adjacent measurement points of the damaged component increases with the increase in the degree of damage. Comparing the GA–BP neural network and BP neural network, the former has a smaller error in identification and better performance. The maximum and minimum relative errors of GA–BP in identifying the damage degree of the structure are 8.06 and 1.61%, respectively, meeting the accuracy requirements of the project. The identification of the key factors in construction projects based on the funnel analysis model is beneficial for identifying structural damage and ensuring the safety of engineering projects.

Development of a hybrid artificial neural network method for evaluation of the sustainable construction projects

Planned methods may be developed to improve the efficiency of building construction. The construction business is profoundly impacted by the prevalence of inaccurate cost and schedule prediction. The main strategy to improve the project performance is to evaluate the hybrid sustainable materials using the artificial neural network (ANN) method based on the effective factors in construction projects in Iraq. This strategy needs an effective method to classify the project input representation and specify the accurate activity of each factor. This paper uses a hybrid artificial neural network to correlate and classify the sustainable hybrid of construction projects to evaluate their performance. The contribution of this method is the selection of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Maker method (MCDM) based on time and cost-effective factors correlated with the artificial neural network method. A dynamic selection procedure for project materials may be created using the existing technique as an evolutionary model for successful project completion. The MCDM observed that the appropriate sustainable material was considered as the main factor with a rank of 0.823 for cost effect and 0.735 for time effect and the main influence factor in Iraqi projects was the building height. The results present superior functional cost evaluation results correlated with the selection of hybrid sustainable materials.

Analysing delay factors in construction projects using Z-number approach: insights from Pakistan

Delays are a pervasive challenge in the global construction industry, requiring more consideration to address project failure. This research proposes an improved methodology for analysing delays in the construction industry. Through a literature review, a set of 85 delay factors was identified and classified into five categories aligned with the various project phases: initiation, design, procurement, execution, and closeout. A method based on the Z-number theory was developed for the evaluation and prioritization of delay factors in the context of Pakistan. This approach incorporates expert judgment, confidence level, and experience to enhance the reliability of the evaluation. The research findings underscore the substantial influence of several critical factors on project delays. Specifically, factors such as cost inflation, contractor financial issues, inadequate project supervision and management, adverse weather conditions, insufficient skilled labour, delays in government document approvals, and unforeseen cost escalations during construction emerged as the foremost contributors to project delays.

Video analysis for tower crane production rate estimation

Construction equipment production rates are considered an influential factor in construction projects’ success as 30–40% of construction cost overruns are attributed to insufficient equipment production rates. The tower crane is one of the heavy construction equipment, and its production rate has a huge impact on the construction project’s performance. Current estimations of the tower crane production rate on construction sites are not backed by a universally accepted and applicable methodology. However, vision-based technologies have been utilized recently for determining the production rates of construction equipment. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop a vision-based research framework (VRF) with a user-friendly interface for a practical and speedy measure of tower crane actual cycle time on construction sites. The software will be developed based on eight single object tracking detection free algorithms. Moreover, the VFR will be evaluated by measuring tower cranes’ cycle time in two case studies in Egypt. For each case study, five videos were recorded for the tower cranes. The cycle time in each video was measured by using manual inspection and by the VRF. The VRF achieved high accuracy in tracking the cycle time for the tower crane in the two case studies.

Why are the Frequently Reported Delay Factors in Construction Projects Recurring?: A Qualitative Study

Since a construction project involves a huge amount of resources, delays in construction have an unfavorable impact on all stakeholders. Due to the large-scale, specialization, and complexity of construction projects, construction delaysare reported globally. Previous quantitative studies mainly through questionnaires have focused on identifying delay factors. However, the identified delay factors show little difference regardless of time and region, thus, a more fundamental study on theroot causes of the delay is needed. Therefore, this study intends to discuss in depth the causes of delay factors identified in previous studies from professionals’ point of view. According to the interview with the experts, schedule delays are caused by factors such as short initial construction periods, errors in design documents, and rework. The effect of construction delays includes not only work quality degradation and increased risk of workplace accidents, but also the professional ethical dilemma ofmanagers. The experts mention that the construction delay can be alleviated with basic measures such as estimating spare construction period, reviewing design documents before work, and thorough quality control. This paper helps in understanding of the identified construction delays and can provide valuable insights in formulating effective strategies to avoid delays in construction projects.

Critical project management success factors analysis for the construction industry of Bangladesh

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the critical project management success factors and analyze those factors to achieve a sustainable construction industry in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachThis study identified 41 major problematic factors from the related literature. In this research, a detailed questionnaire survey was conducted among the experts and stakeholders of the construction industry of Bangladesh. The survey was carried out on a Likert scale and ranked the critical factors using the relative importance index (RII). The 41 problematic factors were divided into five group factors and ranked by the RII index to prioritize the factors. Finally, stakeholders' opinions were analyzed with the critical assessed factors, which was a very effective technique to eliminate the risks and uncertain occurrences in the construction industry of Bangladesh.FindingsThe factors analysis revealed that cost overrun, traffic jam, low wedges, slow payment for completed works and financial issues of the owner were leading critical factors in construction projects. Moreover, the critical factors are divided into five-factor groups, namely, financial management, monitoring and feedback, competency management, communication and coordination management, and risk management, which exhibit 0.767, 0.720, 0.711, 0.710 and 0.658 RII values. After all, the stakeholders' opinion suggested that implementing modern tools and techniques can help to avoid the critical situation in the construction industry of Bangladesh.Practical implicationsThe construction industry of Bangladesh is moving away from stable construction work day by day. Previously, the potential CSFs were discussed unstructured way. Hence, detecting early warning signals in a structured way has become necessary for the building firm's survival.Originality/valueThough some scattered critical issues are discussed in different literature, the critical issues of the Bangladeshi construction industry were not investigated extensively. Therefore, this study finds out the potential critical issues of the construction industry of Bangladesh to accumulate such harmful construction issues in a single platform so that the construction industry can have an overview of them with the help of innovative technologies.

Benchmarking critical success factors in construction projects utilizing 3D printing technology

3D printing, an automated production process with layer-by-layer control, has undergone rapid development in recent years, but without the desired momentum. There has been no research to address the adaptation rate of 3D printing technology in the construction industry collectively, which is why the success factors of projects using 3D printing technology have been developed. The observed factors were Relative advantage, Complexity, Trialability, Compatibility, Absorptive capacity, External pressure, Uncertainty, Supply -side benefits and Demand -side benefits. Research questions are reconsidering how success factors are applicable through case studies of 3D printing and how the same factors behave in the context of conventional construction. These factors were verified through two different case studies (only shells of the construction -one 3D printing technology construction and one conventional construction, both in Germany). In this paper, the 7-step methodology was implemented to answer the research question. The contribution of this study is to supplement the body of knowledge by validating the above success factors as a credible tool for assessing the success of construction projects using 3D printing technology and as a possibility of application to future construction projects before deciding on the method of construction. Factors showed relative similarity in performance in both cases with certain differences and specifics for 3D printing technology. Both technologies have demonstrated specific advantages and disadvantages when compared to each other. It is important to establish a mechanism for evaluating these factors. This will serve as a decision-making tool for future investors in determining which construction method to choose. Nevertheless, it can be said that, in some views, 3D printing of buildings will never be profitable without combining it with conventional construction.

Application of an Integrated TOPSIS-FTOPSIS Approach in Prioritization of Delay Factors in Construction Projects

Application of an Integrated TOPSIS-FTOPSIS Approach in Prioritization of Delay Factors in Construction Projects

Comparative Study of Delay Factors In Construction Projects In South Sulawesi (BUMN VS Private)

The development of the construction world is currently growing rapidly along with the times, where stakeholders in the construction world are required to be able to complete a project efficiently, but in reality there are still many obstacles that we encounter that result in a work being hampered. Referring to the Government Agency Performance Report (LKIP) of the Office of Highways and Construction Development of South Sulawesi Province (2018-2019) and the Office of Public Works and Spatial Planning of South Sulawesi Province (2020) there are still many jobs that are delayed. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that influence the completion of construction projects and to analyze the comparison of factors/variable delays that significantly affect construction project delays in the scope of government (BUMN) and private sector in South Sulawesi as well as alternative handling. The method used is Frequency Index Analysis, Influence Index, Interest Index, and risk analysis. The results of the research show that 27 of the 35 factors distributed are relevant in South Sulawesi and the comparison of the risk factors for delay is dominant. The first rank was for BUMN respondents. There was a design change by the owner (58 %) and the first rank was for Private. Delay in delivery of goods/materials (79.44 %). The alternative on the BUMN side is that there is a design change by the owner is to review and discuss together about the urgency to change items and improve design planning. The alternative for the private sector, namely delays in delivery/material goods, is to ensure that construction management conducts coordination meetings with contractors to evaluate the order mechanism so that it can be carried out early.

Critical Systems-Thinking-Based Leadership Competencies as Enablers to Better Construction Safety Performance

Safety is an essential success factor in construction projects. However, due to the complexity of construction projects, accidents typically occur randomly. Thus, efficient leadership based on a systematic approach is vital to reduce the possibility of accidents occurring. A combination of emotional, social, and cognitive competencies aligns with the Systems-Thinking concept. This concept enables safety leaders to influence their followers effectively. Systems-thinking-based leadership enables safety leaders to know how, when, and what leadership behaviors should be acquired and practiced. Therefore, it is essential to understand the interrelationships among those competencies. The main objective of this research study is to model the interpretive structure of critical Systems-Thinking-based leadership competencies as enablers to better construction safety performance. The Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach was followed to achieve the objective using safety experts’ opinion data collected via questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed using 14 Systems-Thinking-based leadership competencies to collect information on the direction of influence among the competencies. Results of the modeled interrelationships demonstrated that cognitive competencies are the preliminary building blocks to other social and emotional competencies enabling construction safety performance. The developed model provides a better understanding of how safety performance can be improved by building those competencies in construction personnel.