Facet Of Modern Life Research Articles

Integrating focal vulnerability into trust research

ABSTRACT Trust – most often defined as the trustor’s willingness to accept vulnerability – matters across almost every facet of modern life. Significant bodies of research have been devoted to understanding the nature and dynamics of the construct, but much less work has directly considered the vulnerability at the core of its definition. The current article addresses this gap, elucidating the concept of focal vulnerability as the portion of the trustor’s individualised, total potential for experiencing harm that is perceived, relational, and contemporaneous with their assessment of trust. We then position this concept as the vulnerability that a trustor is, by definition, willing to accept. Following work in other literatures, we consider the dynamics of focal vulnerability by exploring the systematic ways in which it is likely to vary. We then argue that this variability can be meaningfully captured by assessing the extent to which the trustor experiences felt vulnerability, an aversive recognition of their potential for experiencing harm. We conclude by exploring the implications of this argument and outline several untested assumptions that are ripe for future research.

CheckOut: User-Controlled Anonymization for Customer Loyalty Programs

To resist the regimes of ubiquitous surveillance imposed upon us in every facet of modern life, we need technological tools that subvert surveillance systems. Unfortunately, while cryptographic tools frequently demonstrate how we can construct systems that safeguard user privacy, there is limited motivation for corporate entities engaged in surveillance to adopt these tools, as they often clash with profit incentives. This paper demonstrates how, in one particular aspect of everyday life -- customer loyalty programs -- users can subvert surveillance and attain anonymity, without necessitating any cooperation or modification in the behavior of their surveillors. We present the CheckOut system, which allows users to coordinate large anonymity sets of shoppers to hide the identity and purchasing habits of each particular user in the crowd. CheckOut scales up and systematizes past efforts to subvert loyalty surveillance, which have been primarily ad-hoc and manual affairs where customers physically swap loyalty cards to mask their real identities. CheckOut allows increased scale while ensuring that the necessary computing infrastructure does not itself become a new centralized point of privacy failure. Of particular importance to our scheme is a protocol for loyalty programs that offer reward points, where we demonstrate how CheckOut can assist users in paying each other back for loyalty points accrued while using each others' loyalty accounts. We present two different mechanisms to facilitate redistributing rewards points, offering trade-offs in functionality, performance, and security.

‘I Don’t Play Games’: Migrant Workers and Digital Media in Bengaluru

The great impact of media technologies in reordering almost every facet of modern life has been noted by theorists for over a century now, particularly since the idea of the ‘global village’ imagined by media theorists, and enabled by globalisation and digital technology has become an inescapable reality. The new experience of time and space bears upon various dimensions of life, including the nature of work, the organisation of time and the place of leisure within these rhythms. This article attempts to engage with this very weighty body of scholarship in a modest way, through ethnographic research, to understand how mobile phones and internet technologies structure the experience of ‘everyday life’ for low-income migrant workers in Bengaluru. The sites include a construction site and a hookah bar, and the study focuses on mobile gaming and the structuring of migrant social networks.

Insight into mechanism of excellent visible-light photocatalytic activity of CuO/MgO/ZnO nanocomposite for advanced solution of environmental remediation

Environmental remediation has sought several innovative ways for the treatment of wastewater and captivated researchers around the globe towards it. Through this study, we aim to proceed with the efforts to foster sustainable and feasible ways for the treatment of wastewater. In this work, we report the sol-gel synthesis of CuO/MgO/ZnO nanocomposite and carry out their systematic characterization with the help of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, such as FTIR, SEM, TEM, PL, XRD, Raman, and AFM. The SEM along with TEM and AFM provided useful insights into the surface morphology of the synthesized nanocomposite on both 2D and 3D surfaces and concluded the well-dispersed behavior of the nanocomposite. The characteristic functional groups responsible for carrying out the reaction of Cu–O, Mg–O, and Zn–O were identified by FTIR spectroscopy. On the other hand, crystal size, dislocation density, and microstrain of the nanocomposite were calculated by XRD. For optical studies, photoluminescence spectroscopy was performed. Once the characterization of the nanocomposite was done, they were eventually treated against the toxic organic dye, methylene blue. The calculated rate constant values of k for CuO was 2.48 × 10−3 min−1, for CuO/MgO (2.04 × 10−3 min−1), for CuO/ZnO (1.82 × 10−3 min−1) and CuO/MgO/ZnO was found to be 2.00 × 10−3 min−1. It has become increasingly evident that nanotechnology can be used in various facets of modern life, and its implementation in wastewater treatment has recently received much attention.

Technological Addictions: The New Frontier in Addiction Psychiatry

IntroductionAddiction to video games, cybersex, internet gambling, social media, texting and emailing, and online auctions can be as addictive as substances. These technological addictions have real-world ramifications and lead to the loss of jobs, money, and loved ones. As technology becomes integrated into many facets of modern life, the appreciation of such addictions has become increasingly challenging. This session will explore the addictive potential of technology and discuss the legitimacy of technological addictions as psychiatric conditions worthy of medical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment.Objectives1.List five forms of Technological Addictions as they appear in the scientific literature of 2023.2.Describe the psychology and culture surrounding Internet Gaming addiction.3.Distinguish between normal use and addiction.MethodsLecture and discussionResults1.Research on the phenomenology and nosology of these illnesses helps us further elucidate the distinction between problematic and nonproblematic use of technology, especially in children and young adults.2.Another area of new research involves emerging technologies. By the time clinicians get a firmer grasp of today’s ailments, the technology of tomorrow—such as virtual reality and smart devices powered by artificial intelligence—will be commonplace enough to bring about a host of new problems.ConclusionsThough data on the prevalence of technological addictions are sparse, most people use computers, tablets, and smartphones regularly with great benefits and no serious adverse consequences. We will need to be ready to guide our patients, our colleagues, and the general public on how to best handle technology with an eye on maximizing its enormous potential for fulfillment, gratification, and happiness while minimizing its significant risks for dissatisfaction, misery, and despair.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Polyethylene terephthalate waste derived nanomaterials (WDNMs) and its utilization in electrochemical devices

Plastics are a vital component of our daily lives in the contemporary globalization period; they are present in all facets of modern life. Because the bulk of synthetic plastics utilized in the market are non-biodegradable by nature, the issues associated with their contamination are unavoidable in an era dominated by polymers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is extensively used in industries such as automotive, packaging, textile, food, and beverages production represents a major share of these non-biodegradable polymer productions. Given its extensive application across various sectors, PET usage results in a considerable amount of post-consumer waste, majority of which require disposal after a certain period. However, the recycling of polymeric waste materials has emerged as a prominent topic in research, driven by growing environmental consciousness. Numerous studies indicate that products derived from polymeric waste can be converted into a new polymeric resource in diverse sectors, including organic coatings and regenerative medicine. This review aims to consolidate significant scientific literatures on the recycling PET waste for electrochemical device applications. It also highlights the current challenges in scaling up these processes for industrial application.

EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS IN THE MIDST OF INDUSTRY 4.0 – A LITERATURE REVIEW –

Most facets of modern life are being transformed in the light of recent technological developments. Similarly, the accounting industry is going through a significant redesign under the influence of Industry 4.0, often known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which tackles issues of automation and intelligence and incorporates them into accountants’ daily activities. The present research assesses the impact of these changes on the requirements of a work-ready accountant by enclosing the skills relevant for the accounting profession, with a focus on technology relevant skills. The originality of the study lies in its attempt to provide a robust and comprehensive guide to the accounting skill set that ensures the capabilities necessary to thrive in the digitalized accounting workplace of the future. In this way, the research treats both technical (traditional accounting skills) and non-technical skills, but nonetheless, it emphasizes a new set of skills derived from the digital transformation in the context of Industry 4.0. The new skill set addresses the requirements of cyber, digital, and technology competences, which arose from the intensive digitalization of accounting organizations. The paper is a thematic literature review that performs quantitative and qualitative analysis on the literature on accounting and professional bodies in the attempt to define an updated accountant profile in the era of digital technologies. The investigation validates the importance of cyber, digital, and technology skill sets and encourages accountants to upskill their competencies to meet the demands of accounting in the digital era.

IoT Security Challenges and Emerging Solutions: A Comprehensive Review

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has revolutionized the way we interact with technology, embedding connectivity into every facet of modern life. However, this rapid growth has introduced a host of security challenges that threaten the integrity, privacy, and functionality of IoT ecosystems. This paper presents an abstract review of the complex landscape of IoT security challenges, ranging from vulnerabilities in devices to data breaches and sophisticated cyberattacks. Amid these challenges, emerging solutions offer promising avenues to fortify the security posture of IoT environments. Blockchain technology holds the potential to enhance data integrity and establish trust, while hardware-based security mechanisms bolster the resistance of devices against intrusions. Novel approaches such as AI-powered anomaly detection contribute to real-time threat identification, and privacy-preserving techniques strive to strike a balance between data utility and confidentiality. Additionally, the concept of zero trust architectures is transforming the fundamental approach to securing IoT networks. This paper not only underscores the gravity of IoT security challenges but also highlights the proactive measures that are shaping the future of IoT security. Through an exploration of case studies and a discussion of the inherent challenges and trade-offs, this review elucidates the delicate International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM) Volume: 07 Issue: 09 | September - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930 © 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM25662 | Page 2 balance between fortifying IoT systems and maintaining usability. As IoT continues its rapid evolution, the imperative to ensure robust security measures becomes paramount, necessitating collaborative efforts and innovative solutions to safeguard the promises of an interconnected world. Keywords: IoT,DDoS, blockchain, Cyberattacks

Leveraging a novel machine learning approach to forecast income and immigration dynamics

Migration is one of the most important topics to emerge in the history of humanity. It is essential to anticipate human migration as exactly as possible in a variety of circumstances, including urban planning, trade, epidemics, the global expansion of diseases, and pandemic preparation, in order to generate successful public policy. Estimating potential future earnings for an individual, a firm, or an entire industry may be accomplished via the use of income projections. These data might be put to use to identify potential areas for growth and investment, as well as to devise strategies for adjusting both the employment landscape and the economy as a whole. It is possible to anticipate immigration by applying machine learning (ML), a technique that is presently used in almost every facet of modern life. In this research work, we presented the ML-based swarm-optimized binary regression-based xgboost method (also known as SO-BRXGB). According to the results of the research, the SO-BRXGB algorithms were the ones that were the most successful in the applications. In conclusion, the machine learning models for human migration prediction that were applied in this study will offer a flexible framework for predicting human migration under a variety of situations.

Ensuring AI Is Helpful and Not Harmful in Health Care.

The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) is spreading fast through almost every industry, and health care is no exception. Data-based decision-making software is becoming pervasive in all facets of modern life, and the AI-enabled chatbot ChatGPT is having a seismic impact on the public perception of AI.

Phytochemical Screening and in-vitro Antioxidant Properties of Synthesized Noni Seed Nanoparticles

Nearly every facet of modern life has been profoundly impacted by the development of nanotechnology. Researchers from a variety of disciplinary domains are becoming interested in nanoparticles (NPs) with distinctive physicochemical features and broad medicinal uses. Because of their distinct structural characteristics, NPs have a wide range of uses in medication delivery, chemical and biological sensing, and other related fields. Oxidative processes are unavoidable as they are important in energy metabolism and the utilization of nutrients. The treatment available may not be sufficient to treat the disease as it is caused by many factors and there are so many adverse effects caused by the synthetic medicine available. The present study evaluated the phytochemical, phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of Noni seed synthesized with silver nitrate. Fresh seeds of Morinda citrofolia obtained were extracted by maceration method and synthesis was done by reacting 10 mL of the Morinda citrofolia seed extract with 90 mL AgNO3 solution. Phytochemical, TPC, TFC, and antioxidant tests were carried out according to standard procedure. Results revealed that Noni seed AgNps contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, resins, and terpenoids. Phenolic content was non-significantly different (p>0.05) and flavonoid content was significantly different (p<0.05) in comparison to gallic acid. Noni seed-AgNps extract also showed high antioxidant activity because of their higher percentage inhibitions very near to the controls used. From the study, we can conclude that Noni seed-AgNps extract has many important secondary metabolites and it has a potential for strong antioxidants.

Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Anti-Lingual & Accent Bias Stereotyping in Virtual Reality and the Sustainable Development of Linguistic Response

Raising awareness through Virtual Experiencing (RAVE) and a Cross-Cultural Perspective on Raising Awareness through Virtual Experiencing (C-RAVE) approaches are used in this article to promote awareness of concerns relating to linguistic stereotyping. Virtual Reality (VR) technology has completely changed several facets of modern life, including instruction, training and entertainment. We give a summary of the techniques employed to increase awareness of how stereotypes might distort our vision. The patterns of the answers provided by the participants demonstrate that the reported gender of the speaker in addition to the accent (native vs. non-native), has an impact on the respondents' assessments of performance. Additionally, we were able to show that the discussions and ideas produced by these response patterns led to a rise in self-awareness of language and stereotyping-related problems. The paper gives a general description of RAVE and examines how it may improve education, create empathy and foster good social change. Focus on a critique of our methodologies and place our work within a larger debate of strategies and efforts for how educational institutions might actively contribute to combating (language) discrimination and bias in many ways. The relevance of Raising Awareness by Virtual Reality and Cross-Cultural Raising of Awareness by Virtual Reality in fostering inclusion and understanding in a society that is becoming more sustainable globally connected is highlighted in the article’s conclusion.

Egalitarian Machine Learning

Prediction-based decisions, which are often made by utilizing the tools of machine learning, influence nearly all facets of modern life. Ethical concerns about this widespread practice have given rise to the field of fair machine learning and a number of fairness measures, mathematically precise definitions of fairness that purport to determine whether a given prediction-based decision system is fair. Following Reuben Binns (2017), we take ‘fairness’ in this context to be a placeholder for a variety of normative egalitarian considerations. We explore a few fairness measures to suss out their egalitarian roots and evaluate them, both as formalizations of egalitarian ideas and as assertions of what fairness demands of predictive systems. We pay special attention to a recent and popular fairness measure, counterfactual fairness, which holds that a prediction about an individual is fair if it is the same in the actual world and any counterfactual world where the individual belongs to a different demographic group (cf. Kusner et al. (2018)).

Microbiome and metabolome profiles of high screen time in a cohort of healthy college students

As screens are increasingly integrated into every facet of modern life, there is growing concern over the potential effects of high screen time. Previous studies have largely utilized self-report data on mood and behavioral aspects of screen time, and no molecular theory has yet been developed. In this study, we explored the fecal microbiome and metabolome of a diverse group of 60 college students, classified by high (≥ 75 min/day) or low (0–75 min/day) self-reported screen time using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and targeted detection of short-chain fatty acids using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Several key taxa and metabolites were significantly altered between groups and found to be highly co-occurrent. Results of pathway and enzyme enrichment analyses were synthesized to articulate an integrated hypothesis indicating widespread mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant amino acid metabolism. High screen time was also predicted to be significantly associated with type I diabetes, obesity, chronic fatigue syndrome, and various manifestations of inflammatory bowel. This is the first-ever study to report the effects of high screen time at the molecular level, and these results provide a data-driven hypothesis for future experimental research.

IVF/OOF OUTCOMES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

COVID-19 has affected nearly every facet of modern life, and has left many wondering what implications, if any, the virus has on reproductive health. Increased levels of psychological stress, concern for viral contamination in embryology labs, and reports of decreased male fertility following COVID infection, have also been thought to contribute negatively to ART outcomes. We sought to determine whether the pandemic resulted in any differences in IVF/OOF outcomes.

Sleep and circadian rhythms: pillars of health-a Keystone Symposia report.

The human circadian system consists of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus as well as in peripheral molecular clocks located in organs throughout the body. This system plays a major role in the temporal organization of biological and physiological processes, such as body temperature, blood pressure, hormone secretion, gene expression, and immune functions, which all manifest consistent diurnal patterns. Many facets of modern life, such as work schedules, travel, and social activities, can lead to sleep/wake and eating schedules that are misaligned relative to the biological clock. This misalignment can disrupt and impair physiological and psychological parameters that may ultimately put people at higher risk for chronic diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other metabolic disorders. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate sleep circadian rhythms may ultimately lead to insights on behavioral interventions that can lower the risk of these diseases. On February 25, 2021, experts in sleep, circadian rhythms, and chronobiology met virtually for the Keystone eSymposium "Sleep & Circadian Rhythms: Pillars of Health" to discuss the latest research for understanding the bidirectional relationships between sleep, circadian rhythms, and health and disease.

Confronting the “Brutal Facts” and Identifying Opportunities as Pharmacy Education Weathers the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted almost every facet of modern life, causing almost a million deaths worldwide as well as widespread economic and social strife. While contemplating how we might emerge from this pandemic, we were reminded of the Stockdale paradox. We suggest that the Academy must not only confront the brutal facts of the current situation, but we must also maintain faith in the endgame and a commitment to prevail despite the enormous challenges we face. The Academy can play a key role in helping the world recover from this pandemic if we build on the diversity and strengths of our programs nationally and globally. We suggest that there are three key actions that pharmacists and pharmacy educators must take to show leadership in this time of need. First, we must be the voice that reassures the public about the value of science and the scientific method. Second, we must work locally and nationally to ensure an optimal public health response. Finally, members of the Academy must serve as role models with respect to the essential public health tools to prevent the spread of COVID-19. By remaining positive, keeping the endgame in mind, and confronting the most brutal facts of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are confident that pharmacy education and pharmacy will weather this storm and arise even stronger for it.

Balancing Plurality and Educational Essence: Higher Education Between Data-Competent Professionals and Data Self-Empowered Citizens

Data are increasingly important in central facets of modern life: academics, professions, and society at large. Educating aspiring minds to meet highest standards in these facets is the mandate of institutions of higher education. This, naturally, includes the preparation for excelling in today’s data-driven world. In recent years, an intensive academic discussion has resulted in the distinction between two different modes of data related education: data science and data literacy education. As a large number of study programs and offers is emerging around the world, data literacy in higher education is a particular focus of this paper. These programs, despite sharing the same name, differ substantially in their educational content, i.e., a high plurality can be observed. This paper explores this plurality, comments on the role it might play and suggests ways it can be dealt with by maintaining a high degree of adaptiveness and plurality while simultaneously establishing a consistent educational “essence”. It identifies a skill set, data self-empowerment, as a potential part of this essence. Data science and literacy education are still experiencing changeability in their emergence as fields of study, while additionally being stirred up by rapid developments, bringing about a need for flexibility and dialectic.

No human exists in isolation or as an island: The outcomes of a multidisciplinary, global, and context-specific COVID-19 consortium.

A pandemic, by definition, involves the whole world being impacted by a common threat and calls for a united response. A highly virulent pathogen, the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has affected every facet of modern life. The virus has revealed the world’s underlying inherent inequities, such as economic and food insecurity and availability of and access to a functional healthcare system, not to mention preparedness of nations to manage a coordinated pandemic response. For these reasons, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) represents an unprecedented challenge to economies, healthcare systems, and nations alike. The closing of international and internal borders, physical distancing, and the resulting decrease in travel and trade have led countries to become insular geographically, socially, and economically. Somewhat ironically, this necessitates an increased need for greater collaboration between countries and other stakeholders to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and better manage the global crisis upon us, so as to mitigate the long-term sequelae of this pandemic.

Overview of efforts within ASA to promote effective communication of science to the public

As the fruits of science and technology have permeated nearly every facet of modern life, and public policy decisions increasingly rely on knowledge created by the scientific process, there is growing concern that a deficiency of scientific literacy contributes poor decisions in both private and public spheres. The ASA, consistent with its mission to generate, disseminate, and promote the knowledge and practical applications of acoustics, is working address this deficiency by facilitating communication between its members and journalists. The Public Relations Committee, together with Education in Acoustics and Student Council, have organized four special sessions since 2011 on the subject of effective communication of science non-scientists. At the spring 2018 meeting in Minneapolis, Student Council organized a science communication workshop aimed at students and early career members. At the current meeting in San Diego, the Monday Tutorial Session is an active participation workshop, led by media professionals, designed boost the skills and comfort level of ASA members in effectively communicating technical concepts, as well as the underlying scientific process, members of the media. A summary of these efforts, and their significance for the Society, will be presented.As the fruits of science and technology have permeated nearly every facet of modern life, and public policy decisions increasingly rely on knowledge created by the scientific process, there is growing concern that a deficiency of scientific literacy contributes poor decisions in both private and public spheres. The ASA, consistent with its mission to generate, disseminate, and promote the knowledge and practical applications of acoustics, is working address this deficiency by facilitating communication between its members and journalists. The Public Relations Committee, together with Education in Acoustics and Student Council, have organized four special sessions since 2011 on the subject of effective communication of science non-scientists. At the spring 2018 meeting in Minneapolis, Student Council organized a science communication workshop aimed at students and early career members. At the current meeting in San Diego, the Monday Tutorial Session is an active participation workshop, led by me...