Extreme Emotions Research Articles

Asthma control and care among six public health clinic attenders in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study.

Asthma is common in Malaysia but neglected. Achieving optimal asthma control and care is a challenge in the primary care setting. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for poor asthma control and pattern of care among adults and children (5-17 years old) with asthma attending six public health clinics in Klang District, Malaysia. We conducted a cross-sectional study collecting patients' sociodemographic characteristics, asthma control, trigger factors, healthcare use, asthma treatment, and monitoring and use of asthma action plan. Descriptive statistics and stepwise logistic regression were used in data analysis. A total of 1280 patients were recruited; 85.3% adults and 14.7% children aged 5-17 years old. Only 34.1% of adults had well-controlled asthma, 36.5% had partly controlled asthma, and 29.4% had uncontrolled asthma. In children, 54.3% had well-controlled asthma, 31.9% had partly controlled, and 13.8% had uncontrolled asthma. More than half had experienced one or more exacerbations in the last 1 year, with a mean of six exacerbations in adults and three in children. Main triggers for poor control in adults were haze (odds ratio [OR] 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-2.01); cold food (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.15-2.07), extreme emotion (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.26-2.89); air-conditioning (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.20-2.22); and physical activity (OR 2.85; 95% CI 2.13-3.82). In children, hot weather (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.22-8.11), and allergic rhinitis (OR 2.57; 95% CI 1.13-5.82) contributed to poor control. The majority (81.7% of adults and 64.4% of children) were prescribed controller medications, but only 42.4% and 29.8% of the respective groups were compliant with the treatment. The importance of an asthma action plan was reported less emphasized in asthma education. Asthma control remains suboptimal. Several triggers, compliance to controller medications, and asthma action plan use require attention during asthma reviews for better asthma outcomes.

Emotional Labour During the COVID-19 Pandemic—Current Inquiry and Suggested Future Research Directions

The objective of this article is to examine the impact of macro-extreme emotional experience (MEEE) and the new societal norms during the COVID-19 pandemic on health and well-being and their situational consequences on emotional labour of frontline employees. The vast literature on emotional labour in the past has focused on several situational cues, and individual and organizational factors as antecedents. We did a systematic review of available literature on emotional labour, literature on sentiment analysis and emotional experience during the pandemic and analysed COVID-19 related blogs using Natural Language Processing (NLP) in RStudio. At the same time, we attempted to look at the possible intervention of individual factors of MEEEs and social aspects of the new societal norms as antecedents on emotion regulation process and its outcome and propose a conceptual framework for future research on emotional labour under the ‘new normal’. It was concluded that perceived risk, fear and anxiety are extreme emotions that individuals are experiencing during the pandemic.

A Hostile Environment: An Exploratory Study of Prelicensure Nursing Student Exposure to Patient Aggression.

The literature regarding the increased risk of violence toward registered nurses and health care workers is plentiful; yet, data on prelicensure nursing student exposure to violent patient behaviors are limited and did not exist for the university's nursing program. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine nursing student exposure to patient aggression or violent behavior in a prelicensure nursing program in the Midwestern United States. The research design was an exploratory study using surveys completed by nursing students in their junior and senior years. Almost 74% of male students and 85% of female students experienced some form of verbal aggression from their patients, with a statistically significant difference between male and female nursing students on their exposure to sexual harassment. Students also experienced extreme emotions and feelings. The survey results reveal nursing students are exposed to patient aggression or violent behavior, do not feel prepared to manage these situations, and desire faculty mentoring.

Integrating the reviewers’ and readers’ perceptions of negative online reviews for customer decision-making: a mixed-method approach

PurposeThis study aims to integrate reviewers’ and readers’ discrepant perspectives on extremely negative reviews. Specifically, this study examines the relationship between negative emotion intensity levels and reviews helpfulness on two platforms: integrated websites and social networking sites (SNS) to emphasize the role of platform types on customers’ purchase decisions.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts a mixed-method approach of business intelligence approach and quasi-experimental design. Study 1 performed text mining and Welch’s t-test to compare reviewers’ negative emotion intensity levels on two platforms. Study 2 adopted a 2*2 factorial quasi-experimental design to examine how intense negative emotions impact the perceived reviews helpfulness on two platforms. A 3*2 factorial design in Study 3 also tested social tie strength’s moderating effect between the intensity of negative emotions and review helpfulness.FindingsThe current study reveals that integrated website reviewers tend to express more extreme negative emotions than SNS reviewers. SNS and integrated website readers deem reviews that embed severe negative emotions as less helpful. The moderating role of social tie strength between extremely negative emotions on review helpfulness was insignificant in the study.Research limitations/implicationsThis study enriches the online review literature by comparing writers’ and readers’ perspectives on online reviews with extremely negative emotions across two online platform types: integrated websites and SNS. From the writers’ perspective, this study highlights anonymity and the presence of an audience as essential factors that reviewers consider in selecting an online review platform to express themselves. This research also sheds light on how readers’ perspectives on extremely negative reviews conflict with the presumptions of writers of extremely negative reviews on integrated websites by demonstrating that content embedding extremely negative emotions is less helpful regardless of platform type.Practical implicationsThis research provides online negative review management strategies to platform and hotel managers. The findings suggest hotel and review platform managers should consider adopting review alignment or monitoring systems based on negative emotions intensity levels since readers on both platforms perceive reviews embedding extremely negative emotions as less helpful. Additionally, hotel managers can progress promotions to guests who share online reviews on SNS since SNS reviewers are more likely to attenuate their extremely negative emotions when writing reviews.Originality/valueThis research innovatively provides a comprehensive overview of negative reviews’ production and consumption process from reviewers’ and readers’ perspectives. This research also provides practitioners insight into the nature of two different platform types and the management of negative reviews on these platforms.

From the ashes of history: collective trauma and the making of international politics

Adam Lerner's timely and insightful work, From the ashes of history, has ventured into a relatively new and exciting area of International Relations (IR) that links international politics and social psychology. Lerner has targeted a gap that exists within the IR literature on the political interpretations of collective trauma, bridging rationalist and critical scholarship in IR. This way, Lerner makes critical inroads into the subject, explaining how national elites narrate individual traumas and how they affect collective identities, thereby influencing international politics. With an interdisciplinary approach that relies on political sociology, IR, social psychology and history, the book explores collective trauma as a ‘multilevel crisis in representation’ with the ability to ‘inspire extreme emotions’ and ‘challenge trust’ (pp. 11 and 87). While drawing on the classical conceptualization of collective trauma as a cultural form, the author does not shy away from incorporating psycho-social manifestations of trauma. This framework informs Lerner's ‘narrative identity approach’, emphasizing how various powerful narratives of trauma shape and transform identities (see Jeffrey C. Alexander's Trauma: a social theory, Cambridge: Polity, 2012).

The Long Civil War: New Explorations of America's Enduring Conflict ed. by John David Smith and Raymond Arsenault

Reviewed by: The Long Civil War: New Explorations of America's Enduring Conflict ed. by John David Smith and Raymond Arsenault Cecily N. Zander (bio) The Long Civil War: New Explorations of America's Enduring Conflict. Edited By John David Smith and Raymond Arsenault. ( Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2021. Pp. 246. Cloth, $40.00.) In The Long Civil War, an arsenal of Civil War historians take on the challenge of defining (and redefining) the boundaries of the long Civil War era. Editors John David Smith and Raymond Arsenault dedicate the work to Randall M. Miller, whose contributions to the field have ranged from histories of slavery and Reconstruction to those of religion and the home front. Matching Miller's dedication to examining the depth and breadth of the field, volume contributors explore such diverse topics as abolition and colonization, soldier motivation and political rhetoric, the war's historical legacy, and the memory of the conflict; they stretch as far forward in time as Dwight David Eisenhower and Walt Disney in their efforts to show just how expansive the long Civil War era can be. Alongside the editors' desire to broaden the chronological scope of the Civil War era, Smith and Arsenault seek to "chart the variety of uses of the Civil War in contemporary culture" (3). Their project, they argue, reflects how expanding the war's temporal range helps historians to see "the maturation of its historiography" (5). The resulting ten essays, therefore, add historiographical significance to topics that were previously considered outside the traditional Civil War–era framework. Summaries of three of the ten essays will serve as representative of the volume and its relevance to multiple ongoing debates in the larger field of Civil War history. [End Page 129] Raymond Arsenault's essay on Walt Disney's historical films from 1946 to 1966 expands the history of the Civil War era into the realm of American studies. In this twenty-year period, Arsenault writes, Disney hoped to gain some financial solvency for his ailing studio by producing films that presented an "imaginative form of popular history" (198). Eschewing historical complexity for stories that imagined history as a boyhood adventure, and in pursuit of narratives that sounded notes of triumph, Disney avoided assigning winners and losers, leaving films such as The Great Locomotive Chase (1956) to depict both Union and Confederate soldiers as heroic, fighting for equally noble causes. Arsenault's work thus adds a new layer of understanding to the relationship between Civil War memory and popular culture, especially as they relate to the ideology of reconciliation. Paul A. Cimbala's essay on the officers who served in the U.S. Army Veteran Reserve Corps (VRC) should be essential reading for military historians. Cimbala's treatment of the corps, which was composed of men who could not fight because of combat injuries but were healthy enough to provide auxiliary support to Union armies, highlights the complicated politics that surrounded Civil War military service. Cimbala reveals an intriguing facet of the corps' duties that deserves further study: many of the VRC's officers remained in the army after the war and transitioned to work in the Freedman's Bureau during Reconstruction. These soldiers, Cimbala writes, "understood that the war would not be over until they had secured the fruits of victory" (66). This commitment to Reconstruction and emancipation set such officers apart from most of their comrades in arms, who did not embrace abolition readily (beyond its usefulness as a war measure), and identifies the VRC as a cohort to be taken seriously in studies of soldier politics and motivation. In her timely essay on the political rhetoric of suicide in the antebellum South, Diane Miller Sommerville adds a new dimension to scholarship on the politics of disunion and the degree to which Americans experienced secession as a visceral and wrenching trauma. The essay is a reminder of how nineteenth-century Americans viewed their nation as an exceptional symbol of democracy and liberty—a topic receiving just consideration in a variety of new works. Sommerville, however, reminds readers that one of the roles of the historian is to examine how words functioned and became freighted with extreme emotion...

Zachowania suicydalne wśród osób starszych

In Polish society, the very word “suicide” evokes many extreme emotions in people, such as fear, uncertainty, but also hostility, and even reluctance and embarrassment. Sometimes it is sadness and regret. Most people prefer to avoid this topic and live under the illusion that this problem affects only a small part of the population. However, this phenomenon exists and affects all social and age groups to an increasing extent, including the elderly, who theoretically should enjoy life to the fullest. Suicidal behavior among seniors in recent years has become a growing problem, which systematically grows stronger every year, which is clearly confirmed by the increasing number of attempts and successful suicide attacks carried out by the elderly. The aim of this article is to present the scale of the suicide phenomenon among representatives of the age group over 65, with particular emphasis on the general outline of the issue, its etiology and symptomatology. The conclusion presents in detail the models of preventive interventions that take into account social, psychological, psychiatric, criminological and victimological factors that can effectively reduce the occurrence of the phenomenon in the discussed social group.

Mikhail Kuzmin’s Short Stories with the Female Voice: The Problem of Constructing Femininity

Purpose. The article aims to study the short stories and novellas by Mikhail Kuzmin written in a woman’s voice in order to show how the writer constructs femininity.Results. It is established that in the few works of Kuzmin which are written in the female voice the diary form prevails, contributing to self-revelation, and in most cases, self-exposure of the heroines. According to Kuzmin, the characteristic features of the females are the tendency to consider themselves “the navel of the earth”, the inability to love unconditionally which is the only way to love truly, as well as the ineptitude of seeing true men’s nature instead of their own reflections, and the need for “romance”, agitation, extreme emotions, intensity of the atmosphere stemming from the same inability to love. The rare female characters that the narrative sympathizes with are women who have managed to overcome these failures.Conclusion. It turns out that the hypothesis of Kuzmin’s misogyny is quite fair: indeed, in the overwhelming majority of cases, women are portrayed without any sympathy and are endowed with many unpleasant qualities. At the same time, Kuzmin does not only reproduce the traditional topoi of the masculine gender order, which considers women as inferior creatures by nature, he also finds original interpretations for them: such is, for example, one of Kuzmin’s main charges against women, i. e. their flair for drama. Although the origins of this charge lay in the stereotype of the supposedly “hysterical” women, Kuzmin presents it in an elegantly modified form.

Hierarchical extreme puzzle learning machine-based emotion recognition using multimodal physiological signals

Detection of exact emotions through multi-modal physiological signals provides relevant information for different processes. Numerous computational approaches have been presented for the precise analysis of emotion types. But due to some problems like ruined signal quality, increased time consumption, and the necessity of high storage space, classification accuracy’s efficiency worsens. Hence, this research classified multi-modal physiological signals based on machine and deep learning (DL) models. The proposed work implements the Hierarchical Extreme Puzzle Learning Machine (HEPLM) approach to classify the actual output of embedded emotions. The proposed work comprises four steps: pre-processing, signal-to-image conversion, feature extraction, and classification. Pre-processing is carried out using Savitzky-Golay smoothing filtering (SGF) for the removal of noise and to increase signal quality. Hybrid wavelet scattering with Synchro squeezing Wavelet Transform approach converts the signal into an image. In feature extraction process, the valuable features are extracted using ResNet-152 and the Inception v3 model, whereas the features are combined through an ensemble approach. HEPLM is used in the final classification process, combining Puzzle Optimization Algorithm (POA) and Hierarchical Extreme Learning Machine (HELM) to reduce feature dimensionality and improve classification accuracy. The dataset adopted in the proposed work is Wearable Stress and Affect Detection (WESAD) to collect multi-modal physiological signals. The presentation of the projected work is assessed with metrics like accuracy, recall, precision, F1 score, kappa, and so on. The proposed effort demonstrates better results of emotion classification when compared to the existing methods by holding 96.29% of accuracy.

The lived experience of meltdowns for autistic adults.

There is not a lot known about what it feels like for autistic people to have a meltdown. Past research has focused on what meltdowns are like for parents and what meltdowns look like from the outside without understanding what it is like for the person having the meltdown. We asked 32 autistic adults about what it is like for them to have a meltdown. We asked them to tell us about their thoughts and feelings about having a meltdown. Then, we looked for themes in their responses that summarized the meltdown experience. Our findings showed that meltdowns hold different meaning to different people. During a meltdown, we found that most autistics described feeling overwhelmed by information, senses, and social and emotional stress. They often felt extreme emotions, such as anger, sadness, and fear, and had trouble with thinking and memory during the meltdown. Participants described trying to stay in control of themselves, often feeling like they were not themselves during meltdowns. They described the meltdown as a way of letting go of or releasing the extreme emotions they felt. Participants tried to stay away from things or people that might trigger a meltdown or tried to make sure they were alone if they felt a meltdown may be coming as a way of avoiding harm-including harm to their bodies, their emotions, and their relationships. These findings offer an important look into what it is like for autistic adults to have meltdowns from their own point of view.

How to define a safety tolerance zone for speed? Insights from the i-DREAMS project

Several factors of driver state negatively impact road safety, such as distraction (in-vehicle or external), fatigue and drowsiness, health issues and extreme emotions. The aim of the current study is to define a Safety Tolerance Zone (STZ) for speed, and integrate crash prediction and risk assessment. A naturalistic driving experiment was conducted and data from a representative sample (N=20 drivers) was utilized. Explanatory variables of risk and the most reliable indicators were assessed. A feature importance algorithm extracted from Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) was used to evaluate the significance of variables on forecasting STZ. Additionally, a Neural Network model was implemented for real-time data prediction. Results indicated a strong relationship between the STZ level for speed and the independent variables of headway, distance travelled and medium harsh braking events.

НЕ ЖЕНСКОЕ ЭТО ДЕЛО ИЛИ РАБОТА НА РАВНЫХ? НАРРАТИВЫ ГЕОЛОГОВ О РАБОТЕ В ПОЛЕ

The article analyzes the gender aspect of geologists’ field work. The question is raised about cases of management of gender in geological professions. The emphasis on field specifics is made because the work of geologists in society is associated with uncomfortable working conditions. The appeal to the difficulties of fieldwork is an argument for characterizing the profession of a geologist as not suitable for women. Probably, for geologists, going to the field was a way to satisfy the need for extreme emotions. Field experience is perceived as an opportunity to test oneself in difficult conditions. Analysis of the collected narratives shows that gender was secondary in the field. The primary role was played by the professional skills of a field geologist. Although there were cases of sexism. The aspects of organizing field work are discussed in detail: distribution of duties and selection of expedition members; living conditions; informal practices of free time. The main method of data collection is a biographical narrative interview. Interviews were conducted with field geologists who worked in the northern regions of the country during the late Soviet period. These narratives were supplemented by published memoirs. The research was conducted in 2014–2021.

Communication Culture on a Mass Scale

The aim of this article is to analyse sources on a verbal and written mass communication between the organisers of the games (editores) and the audience in ancient Rome. Methods established by the Romans as senders and recipients of the conveyed information gave a range of possibilities to communicate needs and preferences, as well as to express often extreme emotions. The model, the creation of which stemmed from the necessity to inform the audience about the upcoming arena events (by the organiser) and to communicate the experienced emotions (by spectators), became over time the distinctive culture of communication, applied before the games but also throughout the event and after it ended. This communicative social construct typical of ancient Rome was necessary for the efficient distribution of oral and textual messages. The preserved sources allow us to state that the communication model included:
 1) verbal/oral information conveyed to the public by the games organisers (via the announcements made by heralds); people’s cheers and chants (including both criticism and praise);
 2) written information conveyed by the organisers (edicta munerum advertising the games before the event and announcements presented on placards distributed around the theatres and amphitheatres throughout the event); acclamationes and graffiti, painted and inscribed accordingly, by the audience after the spactacula. This article is to define the individual types of ancient methods of oral and written communication, to determine their function depending on their context, and to establish their effectiveness in the discourse carried out on a mass scale in ancient Rome.

The Christian miracle by agnostic Fauré: what the “Requiem” is keeping silence about

The relevance of the article. Gabriel Fauré’s Requiem is one of the most performed works of this genre in contemporary music practice. It is addressed in concert performances, scientific research and conducting classes. However, it still remains semi-closed for understanding, because the composer’s attitude to death in this work reaches unexpectedly extreme emotions — he declares almost the desirability of death.
 The purpose is to substantiate the own performing concept of the Requiem by Gabriel Fauré on the basis of contextual, textual and comparative analysis of the musical material, as well as biographical and psychological analysis of the composer’s personality.
 The methodology. The research was carried out using an integrated approach, in the structure of which the contextual analysis allowed to establish the creative intentions of G. Fauré to write such a Requiem, the textual analysis helped to determine the specifics of certain structures and semantic content of the work, the comparative analysis — to compare the concepts of different versions of the Requiem of Fauré, the method of intonation analysis — to dive into the sign system of the work.
 The results. The author proposed her own performance concept of the work, which takes into account the composer’s religious and philosophical guidelines, as well as his psychological characteristics against the background of the events of the Franco-Prussian War.
 The scientific novelty. For the first time, the study provides a detailed analysis of the semantic content of the work, deciphering the principles of the composer’s creative method in working on the funeral text.
 The practical significance. The materials of the article can be useful in the practical activities of conductors, soloists and choristers, as well as in the educational process of training conductors, choirmasters and vocalists.
 Conclusions. It has been determined that Gabriel Fauré’s interpretation of the canonical text (with the changes corresponding to the Parisian rite) is based not so much on his personal drama of losing his parents, as it was previously believed, but on his attitude to death, formed by the events of the Franco-Prussian War.
 It has been determined that the main idea of the Requiem is a great feeling of love and compassion for a man who is forced to fight for his life, killing his own kind and who deserves peace. In this, Fauré seems to depart from the concept of the Catholic Requiem with its traditional “pedagogical intimidation” with pictures of the Last Judgment, and approaches the concept of the Orthodox funeral service with its repentance and hope for God’s mercy.

Choice of Language in Discussions on Law. Pregnancy Termination in the Legislative Process of the Polish Sejm of the Eighth Term

Abstract The radicalization of views and the conflict concerning the possibility of, and the rationale for, the institutionalization of termination of pregnancy in Poland usually gain prominence before elections, when political parties, when presenting their programs, bring controversial issues that evoke extreme emotions to the debate. The appearance of the topic of abortion in the discourse is always accompanied by increased attention of the media, which makes the issue even more attractive for politicians. An analysis is presented of the bills amending the Act of 7 January 1993 on family planning, protection of the human fetus, and the conditions of permissibility of abortion, also known as the “Family Planning Act” or the “Anti-Abortion Act,” as well as of parliamentary debates1 focused on the issue of the right to abortion in Poland, that is primarily those debates where the issue of expanding or narrowing the enumerative catalog of prerequisites for permissibility of abortion was discussed. The temporal scope of the subject matter includes the legislative processes that took place before the eighth term of the Sejm. The paper is an attempt to interpret the regularities observed during the research and does not aspire to be an exhaustive description of the topic.

COVID-19 in Memes: The Adaptive Response of Societies to the Pandemic?

COVID-19 expanded rapidly throughout the world, with enormous health, social, and economic consequences. Mental health is the most affected by extreme negative emotions and stress, but it has been an underestimated part of human life during the pandemic. We hypothesized that people may have responded to the pandemic spontaneously with increased interest in and creation of funny internet memes. Using Google and Google Trends, we revealed that the number of and interest in funny internet memes related to COVID-19 exploded during the spring 2020 lockdown. The interest in coronavirus memes was positively correlated with interest in mortality due to COVID-19 on a global scale, and positively associated with the real number of deaths and cases reported in different countries. We compared content of a random sample of 200 coronavirus memes with a random sample of 200 non-coronavirus memes found on the Internet. The sentiment analysis showed that coronavirus memes had a similar proportion of positive and negative words compared to non-coronavirus memes. However, an internet questionnaire revealed that coronavirus memes gained higher funniness scores than a random sample of non-coronavirus memes. Our results confirm that societies may have turned to humor to cope with the threat of SARS-CoV-2.

Brand betrayal and moral judgment: consumers’ responses to M&A of local foodservice brands

Purpose Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are typical corporate strategies that provide hospitality business competitiveness. However, some recent evidence shows that when the merged and acquired (M&Aed) restaurants have strong local characteristics, consumers feel betrayed and perceive the M&As, legitimate business activities, as immoral actions. Building upon expectancy violation theory and moral foundation theory, this study aims to examine the moderating role of locavorism on the indirect effects of preexisting relationship quality on desire for avoidance and psychological loss through brand betrayal and moral judgment. Design/methodology/approach This study used the M&A of Whataburger chain restaurant as the scenario and recruited 399 Texas Whataburger consumers. A moderated mediation model was developed to examine the mechanisms through which preexisting relationship quality on negative responses to M&A of local restaurants. Findings The results showed preexisting relationship quality influences desire for avoidance and psychological loss negatively through brand betrayal and moral judgment. The indirect effects of relationship quality on the desire for avoidance and psychological loss become more accentuated among locavores. Practical implications The results implied that merging and acquiring (M&Aing) companies should closely monitor consumer dialogues to promptly respond to post-M&A uncertainties when M&Aed company has a strong local identity. Originality/value The unique contribution of this study is showing why consumers have extreme negative emotions and judgment of immorality when M&A decisions are made for local hospitality brands through the lens of brand betrayal and moral foundation theory. The results can help M&Aing companies mitigate consumers’ negative responses to M&A of local restaurants.

Necessary, yet mistreated: the lived experiences of black women essential workers in dual pandemics of racism and COVID-19

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has showcased the United States’ reliance on essential workers, or those deemed necessary to continue critical societal functions. Black women remain overrepresented in essential positions and are on the frontlines of two pandemics: COVID-19 and racism. Using a phenomenological research design, we conducted semi-structured interviews to examine the experiences of 22 Black women essential workers navigating these dual pandemics. Salient themes of these experiences included: desire to and fear of protest; navigating extreme emotions; mixed levels of understanding from colleagues; and a rise in blatantly racist confrontations in the workplace. Further reflection is needed to understand the complex dynamics these women faced.

Effectiveness of mindfulness: The evaluation using machine learning algorithm

Mindfulness is a practice that is thousands of years old. This practice is also included in the modern mindfulness-based stress reduction training, and its effects on our cognitive system are supported by extensive literature that comprehend mostly fMRI studies and task-oriented experiments with control groups. In this paper, the problem of testing the effects of mindfulness therapy, with specific regard to the yoga practice, is addressed with a Network-Oriented Modelling approach. The first component of the proposed network simulates the elicitation of an extreme stressful emotion due to a strong stress-inducing event. This was done following the same line of previous papers that proposed simulations of similar processes. A second component represents the role of memory, attention, and self-awareness in coping with the stressful event. Finally, the yoga practice, divided into physical movements and breathing, is modelled, to show its influence on memory, attention, and self-awareness, leading in this way to a reduction of the stress level.

Explaining the mechanism of brand hate: a mixed-method investigation using moderated mediation in emerging markets

PurposeBrand hate as a distinct phenomenon of consumer negativity has attracted considerable research attention in recent years. However, scant attention has been paid to explain the underlying mechanism of brand hate. Therefore, the present study aims to unveil how brand hate stirs in embarrassing situations and what repercussions it ignites that deteriorate the consumer–brand relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe present study follows a mixed-method research design by conducting in-depth interviews with 16 consumers and then collecting three waves of time-lagged data from 217 respondents of two different countries. The reliability and validity have been established through confirmatory factor analysis, and hypotheses were analyzed using structural equation modeling and moderated-mediated models.FindingsThe results of both qualitative and quantitative investigations reveal that brand embarrassment instigates brand hate, and brand hate leads to brand detachment. Brand hate also mediates the relationship between brand embarrassment and brand detachment. Consumer vanity enhances the strength of brand embarrassment's effects on brand hate. This relationship further depicts the moderated mediation pattern as consumers with high vanity traits express extreme emotions of hate and detachment from the embarrassing brands. In addition, the findings demonstrate that the moderating role of consumer vanity is more pronounced among young consumers.Originality/valueThe study marks an initial attempt to explain the whole process of brand hate by incorporating brand embarrassment, brand detachment, consumer vanity and age in an integrated moderated mediation model. The study enhances brand managers' understanding of the severity of the consequences of embarrassing situations and devising preventive strategies.