External Collaboration Research Articles

Implementation of School Community Program and Teacher’s Participation in School Events in Marawi City Division

The strength of a school community is essential for a successful educational institution, particularly in the Marawi City Division, where sociocultural and educational challenges exist. This study examined the implementation of the school community program and the extent of public elementary school teachers’ participation in various school events. A descriptive survey approach was used, with 250 teachers participating, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed a high level of program implementation, with religious activities being the most implemented and economic activities the least. Teachers’ participation in school events was also generally high, with the greatest involvement during Ramadan and the lowest in cultural dance activities. Significant differences in participation were observed based on age, sex, and ethnicity. The study proposed a school development plan to enhance the program’s implementation, particularly in economic activities and outreach programs. It recommended a comprehensive development strategy to address diverse community needs, strengthen external collaborations, and promote inclusivity. Overall, while the school community program and teachers’ participation in Marawi City Division are strong, further improvements are necessary to create a more inclusive and impactful school-community connection.

Information technology as a driver of organizational change in SMEs: a study of key determinants

PurposeThis study aims to explain how information technology (IT)-enabled organizational change occurs at varying rates due to the specific characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The paper investigates the primary determinants of IT-enabled organizational change in these organizations.Design/methodology/approachBy integrating the resource-based view, organizational learning theory and the entrepreneurial digital ecosystem perspective, this research develops a comprehensive model for analyzing IT-enabled organizational change in SMEs. The conceptual model encompasses five key dimensions: entrepreneurship, technology, human capital, strategic governance and the digital ecosystem. Empirical data were collected from a representative survey of Spanish SMEs, and logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the impact of these factors on the likelihood of IT-enabled organizational change.FindingsThe findings reveal that SMEs led by older or less entrepreneurially driven owners and/or managers are less likely to engage in IT-enabled organizational change. In contrast, SMEs with high digital maturity, motivated and digitally skilled staff, formalized digital strategies and active external collaboration in digital projects are more proactive in implementing IT-enabled organizational changes. Additionally, SMEs that lack formally assigned digitalization roles or concentrate these responsibilities solely on the owner/manager tend to exhibit lower levels of IT adoption.Originality/valueThis research offers a novel perspective by combining theoretical frameworks with empirical data to examine IT-enabled organizational change specifically within SMEs. The study’s model provides actionable insights by identifying the organizational characteristics and external factors most essential for driving digital transformation in smaller firms, an area often overshadowed by research on larger organizations.

Rare Disease Drug Repurposing.

Treatments are urgently needed for the more than 9500 rare diseases with no US Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies. Although repurposing can be less time- and cost-intensive compared with novel drug development, hurdles have impeded systematic repurposing. Rare disease nonprofit organizations (RDNPs) are well-positioned to overcome barriers and have spearheaded rare disease repurposing efforts for decades. However, no comprehensive data are available on the state of rare disease repurposing or features of successful efforts. To characterize the state of rare disease drug repurposing, identify factors associated with successful outcomes, and share thematic insights using the interactive Repurposing of All Drugs, Mapping All Paths (ROADMAP) Project web tool. The ROADMAP study was a qualitative study using a mixed-methods analysis of US-based RDNP leaders and their stakeholders, including a national survey and semistructured interviews of RDNP leaders, conducted from September 29, 2021, to January 6, 2022. Surveys and interviews revealed themes associated with RDNP strategies, timelines, and support mechanisms. Data were analyzed from January 22, 2024, to April 23, 2024. The primary survey outcome was the repurposing project stage (abandoned, early, clinical, late, or successful). Qualitative outcomes included themes characterizing repurposing experiences. Two random forest models of drug- and disease- specific as well as organization-specific variables were used to evaluate factor importance toward inferring the project stage. Orthogonal significance testing was conducted using Spearman rank correlation, and P values in each model were corrected for multiple hypothesis testing using a Benjamini-Hochberg procedure. Representative organizations submitted survey responses, including 147 of 698 potential US-based RDNPs. The median RDNP age was 10 years (IQR, 5-20 years), and the median annual revenue was $355 390 (IQR, $90 028-$946 108). Among 34 leaders who were interviewed, representing 25 RDNPs, 23 were female (67.6%), and the RDNPs had a median age of 15 years (IQR, 6-19 years) and a median revenue of $670 719 (IQR, $193 587-$1 830 890). Among the surveyed RDNPs, 58 of 138 (42.0%) specifically identifying their involvement in repurposing supported repurposing projects, and 94 drugs were in various stages of repurposing, of which 23 met success criteria (5 with US Food and Drug Administration approval and 18 with off-label use with subjective benefit). Survey factors associated with successful outcomes included nonprofit-supported patient recruitment into trials (Gini importance, 3.90; ρ = 0.50; adjusted P < .001) and provision of nonfinancial research support (Gini importance, 0.69; ρ = 0.33; adjusted P = .02). Interview themes were synthesized into a 5-stage repurposing framework with roadblocks and recommendations that included (1) enabling drug repurposing, (2) identifying a drug therapy, (3) validating a drug therapy, (4) clinical use and testing, and (5) reaching an optimal end point for clinical practice. The findings of this qualitative study of RDNP repurposing suggest that several opportunities were associated with successful outcomes and can be considered to optimize systematic repurposing among RDNPs, external collaborators, and policymakers with the use of an interactive tool showcasing insights to facilitate data-driven drug repurposing.

Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membentuk Kedisiplinan di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Sumedang Selatan, Kabupaten Sumedang

Islamic Religious Education in elementary schools not only serves as the teaching of religious material but also as a means to instill discipline and character in students. This research aims to analyze the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in shaping student discipline at the Elementary School in South Sumedang District, Sumedang Regency. The method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews and observations. The results indicate that Islamic Religious Education plays a significant role in instilling discipline values through the habituation of worship practices, such as congregational prayers, exemplary behavior by teachers, and constructive advice. Collaboration between the school and parents also proves to strengthen the formation of student discipline, creating consistency between learning at school and at home. Other supporting factors include good cooperation between teachers and parents, as well as a supportive school environment. This research concludes that the integration of religious education at school and parental support at home is crucial in shaping students' disciplined character, which in turn can enhance the quality of education at the elementary level. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of character development in discipline through Islamic Religious Education, as well as the collaboration between teachers, schools, and parents to ensure the sustainability of student discipline formation in schools. These findings provide a better understanding of the development of more effective strategies or methods for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and highlight external collaboration in the sustainable formation of student discipline.

Harnessing Inter-Organizational Collaboration and Automation to Combat Online Hate Speech: A Qualitative Study with German Reporting Centers

In Germany and other countries, specialized non-profit reporting centers combat online hate speech by submitting criminal content to law enforcement agencies, forwarding deletion requests to social media platforms, and providing counseling to victims, thus contributing to the governance mechanism of content moderation as intermediaries between victims and various organizations. Whereas research in computer-supported cooperative work has extensively explored collaboration of and automation for content moderators, there are no works that focus on reporting centers. Based on expert interviews with their staff (N=15), this study finds that most German centers share a collaborative workflow, of which multiple tasks are heavily dependent on inter-organizational exchange. However, there are differences in their implementation of monitoring, content assessment, automation technology adoption, and external collaborators. As the centers are faced with diverse challenges, such as borderline case assessment, psychological burdens, limited visibility, conflicting goals with other actors, and manual repetitive work, our study contributes with nine implications for designing and researching supportive technologies. They provide suggestions for improving hate speech gathering and reporting, researching hate speech prioritization and assessment algorithms, and designing case processing systems. Beyond that, we outline directions for research on inter-organizational collaboration.

Modeling-Based Group Counseling to Enhance Career Planning in Eleventh-Grade Students

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a group guidance approach using modeling techniques in enhancing career planning among high school students. Given the rapidly evolving job market and rising youth unemployment, structured career planning interventions for high schoolers are urgently needed to prevent future career misalignment and underemployment. The research employed a mixed-method design with an explanatory sequential approach, involving 36 eleventh-grade science students at SMAN 1 Purwakarta. Participants were selected via purposive sampling, targeting eleventh-grade science students with intermediate career-planning readiness to ensure intervention relevance. Quantitative data were collected through a career planning questionnaire, while qualitative data were obtained from interviews and observations. A 20-item Likert-scale career planning questionnaire measured four dimensions: decision-making, understanding, information-seeking, and self-efficacy (α=0.87), administered pre- and post-intervention. The results indicate a significant improvement in career planning scores, with the average increasing from 100.36 (pretest) to 114.39 (posttest) (p = 0.000). The decision-making aspect showed the highest increase (+4.83), followed by career understanding (+4.62) and career information-seeking (+4.58). The findings demonstrate that modeling techniques using inspirational videos and interactions with real-life models such as professionals and alumni successfully visualized concrete steps in career planning, enhanced self-efficacy, and reduced student confusion. Qualitative findings confirm that group dynamics facilitated experience-sharing and enriched students' perspectives on the professional world. This study concludes that the approach is effective in helping students develop structured and comprehensive career planning. Practical implications emphasize the importance of integrating modeling-based career guidance programs into school counseling curricula, supported by external collaborations and the use of digital media.

LEADERSHIP MODEL OF THE PRINCIPAL OF SMP MUHAMMADIYAH SPECIAL PROGRAM KOTTABARAT IN EDUCATION QUALITY MANAGEMENT

This study analyzes the principal’s leadership model in managing education quality at SMP Muhammadiyah Special Program Kottabarat, Surakarta. Using a qualitative field research method, data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, teachers, and staff. Results show that the principal applies a transformational and participatory leadership style, characterized by visionary leadership, participatory decision-making, and learning innovation. Strategies to improve education quality include teacher training, facility improvements, regular evaluations, and external collaboration. Supporting factors are qualified human resources, a conducive environment, and strong networking. Challenges include low student and teacher motivation, limited infrastructure, inadequate IT skills, and financial constraints. Solutions involve enhanced training, technology optimization, and strengthened partnerships. Effective leadership is key to continuously improving education quality at the school

Exploring strategic resources and open innovation practices in regional wine clusters: insights from SMEs in Brazil

Purpose This study aims to examine the strategic resources and open innovation practices of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within a Brazilian wine cluster, focusing on their knowledge management strategies for product and process development and their openness to external collaborations. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a mixed-methods approach, based on interviews, questionnaires, field observations and document analysis conducted with 19 wineries in the Midwest region of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Data were transcribed, coded and analyzed using a systematic methodological framework to ensure robustness and validity. Findings The findings indicate that knowledge appropriation for product and process innovation remains low, with wineries predominantly relying on industrial property registration as a protective mechanism against knowledge spillovers. While firms exhibit strong engagement with suppliers and customers, their interactions with universities, research institutes and sector associations are limited, suggesting a preference for a semi-closed innovation model. Research limitations/implications Its focus on a single regional cluster limits the generalizability of findings. Practical implications The study highlights the need for enhanced engagement in open innovation among SMEs in traditional industries. Strengthening collaboration with external knowledge sources, such as research institutions and industry associations, could enhance the innovation capacity and market positioning of wineries. Social implications Adopting open innovation practices could drive local economic development, create jobs and strengthen the regional innovation ecosystem. Originality/value This research advances the literature on open innovation in traditional industries by integrating resource-based theory and open innovation frameworks. It provides empirical insights into how SMEs in a wine cluster manage strategic resources and interact within their innovation ecosystem, offering relevant implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders.

Factors Influencing Economic Recovery of Individual Household Businesses Post-Covid-19 in Vietnam

This study explores the economic recovery of 534 individual household businesses in Vietnam after the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on five key variables: business characteristics, management capacity, external support, business environment, and economic recovery. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS and AMOS to identify relationships and impacts among these variables. The findings reveal that business characteristics, such as scale, sector, and experience, significantly influence recovery outcomes. Management capacity, including financial management and adaptability, is critical for overcoming challenges and enhancing resilience. External support, particularly government aid and community backing, positively impacts recovery, while the business environment, including market stability and competition, acts as a moderating factor. Economic recovery is reflected in improved revenue, profitability, and business sustainability. This study highlights the interplay between these factors and their collective impact on household business recovery. The results provide actionable insights for policymakers and business owners to develop targeted strategies, improve management practices, and enhance external collaboration to ensure sustainable recovery in the post-pandemic context.

Bridging global gaps in early childhood education: A comparative study of Ethiopia and Singapore (2016–2025)

This study compares the preprimary education systems of Singapore and Ethiopia, two nations with contrasting socioeconomic and legislative environments. Using a comparative analysis that integrates both quantitative and qualitative data, the research identifies discrepancies in accessibility, curriculum, teacher training, infrastructure, and policy efficacy. It fills a research gap by comparing ECE in a developed and developing nation, contextualizing global best practices for resource-limited settings. Ethiopia’s gradual progress (20% to 60% coverage, 2016–2025) reflects external collaboration and bottom-up approaches, but it lacks structural changes. The findings reveal significant gaps in essential resources, particularly textbook shortages, which hinder learning outcomes, and concerns about teacher expertise, highlighting the need for improved professional development programs. In contrast, Singapore’s coordinated curricula and nearly universal enrollment demonstrate astute investment and efficient regulation. Key findings reveal divergent long-term effects, values, and resource investments. While Singapore’s model offers insights into standards and technology utilization, recommendations emphasize Ethiopia’s need for additional funding and teacher professional development. The report underscores the importance of policy convergence with Sustainable Development Goal 4 to ensure inclusive early childhood care and education (ECCE) worldwide.

When customer involvement promotes innovation performance: The moderating roles of coordination mechanisms with customers and external collaboration strategies

When customer involvement promotes innovation performance: The moderating roles of coordination mechanisms with customers and external collaboration strategies

79 How do you share documents with collaborators external to your institution?

Objectives/Goals: Using secure systems for sharing documents with external collaborators is essential for all researchers. These documents may include protected health information (PHI) or sensitive materials like protocols, study reports, DSMB reports, publications, presentations, abstracts, and statistical analysis plans (SAPs). Methods/Study Population: We surveyed the ACTS Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design Special Interest Group (BERD-SIG) to gather information about the systems they are currently using or have used in the past for document sharing with external collaborators. The survey focused on the security of these systems, particularly in relation to sharing documents containing PHI. In addition, the survey included questions about various system features of interest. These features included version control, simultaneous editing by multiple users, and access rights management, such as the ability to assign different permissions (e.g., read-only, write, and download) to different individuals. We also invited participants to provide feedback on any additional positive or negative aspects of the systems they use. Results/Anticipated Results: We received 28 completed survey responses. Respondents had an option for choosing more than one system. The top current systems reported were Microsoft Teams (OneDrive, SharePoint) (n = 16), Box (n = 11), Google Docs/Drive (n = 10), and Dropbox (n = 6). Among other systems listed individually were Filelocker, REDCap, Slack, Website, Significant Media Shuttle, and Zulip. Notably, 15 responses indicated the respondents were unsure if their system is secure for sharing documents containing PHI. Respondents also offered feedback on both the positive and negative aspects of these systems. For example, a key advantage of Box was its password-controlled access. However, its incompatibility with office tools and the challenges for external collaborators attempting to access the system were noted as drawbacks. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Utilizing secure institutional document-sharing systems and understanding their features significantly affects the effectiveness and security of collaborations among researchers, particularly with external partners. This knowledge is especially crucial when sharing documents containing sensitive patient and study data.

An Integrated Green Supply Chain Model For Indonesian MSMEs: Internal-External Drivers, Practices, and Performance

Background: The development of a green economy as one of the pillars in driving the national economic growth target of 6%-7% towards the Vision of Golden Indonesia 2045 continues to be encouraged. Several national green indicators still need to be improved, especially related to industrial sector activities. In Indonesia, most industrial actors (99%) are MSMEs, contributing 61% of GDP. Improving MSME green behavior and supply chain performance is crucial for enhancing Indonesia’s green economy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to build an integrated green supply chain model in the MSME ecosystem to support the development of a green economy. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a quantitative approach and CB-SEM analysis tools. The study processed questionnaire data from 459 MSME respondents collected during the period August - October 2024. Findings/Result: The study produced an integrated green supply chain model in the MSME ecosystem in Indonesia, which shows that external forces have a greater influence on green management practices than internal forces. Green management practices then have a significant influence on green economic performance, green social performance, and green environmental performance. Conclusion: Green management practices have the greatest influence on green environmental performance. The results of this study provide implications that managers should prioritize external collaborations, regulations, and stakeholder engagement to enhance green practices. Emphasizing green management will improve environmental performance, realization of green economy and aligning with 2045 Indonesia’s Vision. Originality/value (State of the art): Improving MSME green behavior and supply chain performance is crucial for enhancing Indonesia’s green economy, yet research remains limited. Keywords: green management practices, green performance, integrated green supply chain, internal-external drivers, MSMEs

Determinants of enterprise green innovation performance: Examining the role of environmental orientation, green practices, and organizational commitment

This study examines the links between environmental orientation (EO), green innovation performance (GNP), and green innovation practices (GIP), with technological capabilities (TEC) acting as a moderator. It offers a framework that combines the Resource-Based View (RBV) and the Dynamic Capabilities View (DCV), wherein dynamic capabilities (technological agility) and static resources (organizational commitment, strategic focus) work together to promote sustainable innovation. PLS-SEM, or partial least squares structural equation modeling, was used to analyze data from 535 SMEs in Ghana. The findings indicate that green organizational commitment (GOC) and EO incorporating sustainability into internal operations and culture and external stakeholder collaboration significantly increase GNP. By facilitating the effective deployment of green technologies, TEC strengthens the GOC-GNP relationship. The study emphasizes the difficulties SMEs face in developing nations such as Ghana and suggests solutions according to local limitations (such as a lack of resources or regulatory gaps) and stakeholder requirements. Combining RBV and DCV into a multi-level framework that addresses firm- and industry-level factors (e.g., market demand, regulation) theoretically fills in the gaps in the sustainability literature. It provides managers with practical guidance on how to link TEC, GOC, and EO for eco-competitive results. Validated context-sensitive EO, GOC, and TEC measurement scales provide instruments for cross-regional study and enhance knowledge of green innovation in under-researched areas such as sub-Saharan Africa.

A model for selecting supply chain collaboration paradigms: the impact of intelligent manufacturing models

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore how to select a suitable supply chain collaboration paradigm (SCCP) based on the intelligent manufacturing model (IMM) of enterprises.Design/methodology/approachGiven the fit between internal collaboration and external collaboration, we propose a model to select a suitable SCCP based on two-sided matching between SCCPs and IMMs. In this decision problem, we invited five university scholars and seven related consultants to evaluate SCCPs and IMMs based on the regret theory, which is used to obtain the perceived utility and matching results. The evaluation values are comfortably expressed through probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs). Also, we set the lowest acceptance threshold to improve the accuracy of matching results.FindingsThe findings indicate that the characteristics of IMMs can significantly influence the selection of SCCPs, and an SCCP is not suitable for all IMMs. Interestingly, the study findings suggest that the selection of SCCP is diverse and multi-optional under the constraints of IMMs.Originality/valueExisting studies have explored supply chain collaboration (SCC) in Industry 4.0 to improve supply chain performance, but less attention has been paid to the impact of the match between SCCPs and IMMs on supply chain performance. And even fewer studies have addressed how to select a suitable SCCP in different IMMs. This study provides a unique contribution to the practice of SCC and expands the understanding of supply chain management in Industry 4.0.

Appraisal of World Health Organization guidelines for priority infectious diseases with potential to cause public health emergencies.

Appraisal of World Health Organization guidelines for priority infectious diseases with potential to cause public health emergencies.

스마트제조 수준이 지속가능성에 미치는 영향: 공급망 유연성과 협업의 매개 역할

Supply chain management (SCM) is essential for corporate competitiveness and sustainability, particularly with the rise of smart technologies. However, existing studies often focus on technological advancements or individual supply chain performance, overlooking the broader impact of smart manufacturing on sustainability. This study investigates how smart manufacturing levels influence supply chain capabilities and corporate sustainability. Data from 190 domestic small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that have adopted or plan to adopt smart technologies were analyzed. Supply chain capabilities were divided into two key components: internal flexibility and external collaboration. The findings reveal that higher smart manufacturing levels significantly enhance both supply chain capabilities and sustainability. Furthermore, supply chain capabilities mediate the relationship between smart manufacturing and sustainability. The integrated effect of internal flexibility and external collaboration strengthens this relationship more effectively than either factor alone. These insights highlight practical strategies for SMEs to leverage smart manufacturing and improve sustainable supply chain practices. By balancing internal and external capabilities, businesses can maximize the impact of smart technologies. This study expands the understanding of how smart manufacturing promotes sustainability across supply chains and provides valuable guidance for developing effective SCM strategies.

Venturing green: the impact of sustainable business model innovation on corporate environmental performance in social enterprises

PurposeThis study aims to explore the potential of social enterprises (SEs) in promoting sustainable practices, focusing on their role in reshaping corporate environmental performance (CEP) through sustainable business model innovation (SBMI). Specifically, it examines the impact of SBMI on CEP and the moderating effect of external collaboration (EC).Design/methodology/approachThis study analyses the influence of SBMI on the CEP of 500 Canadian SEs. Chi-square tests, structural equation modelling, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to assess the relationships between SBMI, CEP and EC.FindingsResults reveal that SBMI positively influences CEP by enabling SEs to offer environmentally sustainable products and services. In addition, collaboration with diverse stakeholders significantly enhances the effectiveness of SBMI in achieving environmental objectives.Originality/valueBy incorporating ecological modernization theory and institutional theory, this study provides fresh insights into the environmental impact of SEs. It underscores the importance of SEs addressing regulatory, social and cultural factors to support their sustainability and legitimacy.

R&amp;D 투자 강도, R&amp;D 인력 비중, R&amp;D 외부 협력 범위가 혁신 성과에 미치는 영향과 기업 업력에 따른 차이 분석

R&amp;D 투자 강도, R&amp;D 인력 비중, R&amp;D 외부 협력 범위가 혁신 성과에 미치는 영향과 기업 업력에 따른 차이 분석

Preparation of a Strategic Plan in an Effort to Improve the Quality of Physics Learning at SMAN Depok

The decline in the quality of Physics learning, which often fails to meet the learning outcomes that students are expected to achieve, has become a major problem. Based on this problem, this research aims to develop a strategic plan to improve the quality of Physics learning at SMAN Depok. The main focus of this research is identifying strategic needs in terms of developing teacher competency and optimising the use of technology in learning. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with school principals, teachers and students. In addition, SWOT analysis is used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that influence the quality of learning. The strategic plan is focused on increasing teacher competency, providing facilities, and using technology in learning. The results show that the main strength of SMAN Depok is the quality of teachers and adequate laboratory facilities, but the weakness lies in the lack of innovation in learning. Opportunities arise from government policy support through Merdeka Belajar, while threats come from competition from other, more innovative schools. The discussion recommends strategies for developing teacher competency, integrating learning technology, and external collaboration to improve learning. The research suggestion is regular evaluation and strengthening the use of digital technology in the teaching and learning process.