Expression Platform Research Articles (Page 1)

BackgroundPerturbations in flux through the carotenoid pathway can signal control over nuclear gene expression to maintain metabolic homeostasis in plastids; however, the genetic targets and mechanisms are rarely characterised in plants.ResultsUtilising mutants, over- and exogenous expression lines, and chemical inhibitors of carotenogenesis, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis LYCOPENE EPSILON CYCLASE (εLCY) mRNA levels correlate with changes in the accumulation of cyclic carotenoids generated by the β-branch in the metabolic pathway.In dark- and light-grown seedlings subjected to retrograde feedback signalling triggered by norflurazon and the loss-of-function in CAROTENOID ISOMERASE (CRTISO) activity, changes in εLCY levels were mirrored by FIREFLY LUCIFERASE (FiLUC) levels regulated by the εLCY promoter in isogenic transgenic seedlings. The εLCY promoter enabled three alternative transcription start sites (TSS), and the most prominent 5′UTR fragment generated in dark- and light-grown seedlings harboured a 5′ conserved domain (CD) with other Brassicaceae species adjacent to a conserved viral internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence proximal to the start codon. In silico modelling predicted the 5′UTR formed two energetically separated RNA structural probabilities distinguished by alternative hairpin structures within the CD that lacked a centroid structure, unlike the adjacent IRES sequence that displayed a prominent centroid peak, higher base-pairing probability, and lower positional entropy indicative of fewer secondary structure outcomes. Unlike the native 5′UTR, site-specific mutations predicted to stabilize the 5′UTR shape triggered post-transcriptional repression of FiLUC activity enabled by the CaMV35S promoter in transient tobacco and stable transgenic Arabidopsis tissues. The mutated 5′UTR RNA shape fragment conferred CaMV35S enabled reporter responsiveness to feedback signalling in crtiso mutant and wild type (WT) etiolated and de-etiolated seedlings treated with norflurazon.ConclusionsWe propose that the εLCY promoter and 5′UTR harbour an expression platform, whereby alternative TSS and structural definitions enable transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation in response to feedback signalling during plastid biogenesis and plant development.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-025-02436-z.

We identify 30 plant genera supporting GFP expression via syringe agroinfiltration, demonstrating a versatile system for non-model plant research.

In-silico prioritization of pathogenic Interleukin-37b variants and a fusion platform for high-yield soluble production.

MEMO: A micro memo sensor detecting microRNA-RISC using an accurate cell-free expression platform.

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is a strong indicator of poor prognosis in prostate cancer (PCa). We utilized the Visium Spatial Gene Expression platform to characterize the gene expression profiles and copy number variations (CNVs) of IDC-P. Manually annotated IDC-P components were relatively enriched in a single transcriptomic cluster identified by principal component analysis, which exhibited elevated expression of FOLH1 (PSMA), PSCA and PLA2G2A. Differential gene expression analysis between IDC-P and non-IDC-P cancer tissues revealed up-regulation of pathways related to chemotaxis and leukocyte migration, as well as gene sets associated with small cell lung carcinoma, suggesting a potential link to treatment-related neuroendocrine prostate carcinoma. In contrast, non-IDC-P components showed increased expression of genes associated with extracellular matrix organization. InferCNV analysis identified distinct CNV patterns differentiating IDC-P from non-IDC-P cancer components in four out of six cases. However, no common CNV alterations were shared across these cases, indicating molecular diversity among IDC-P lesions. In the remaining cases, IDC-P clustered with Gleason pattern 5 carcinoma, and no CNV alterations distinguishing IDC-P from adjacent non-IDC-P components were identified. These findings suggest that IDC-P represents a biologically distinct component from conventional acinar adenocarcinoma and may reflect spatial tumour progression through pre-existing ductal structures. Our study also suggests that the molecular mechanisms underlying IDC-P progression may differ between patients, while the limited sample size (n = 6) warrants cautious interpretation and further validation in larger cohorts.

Abstract Electronic textiles have emerged as a transformative paradigm in human‐computer interaction due to their unique wearing comfort and multifunctional integration. Textile displays, serving as essential components of electronic textiles, face limitations in widespread adoption owing to bulky driving circuits and complex control systems. Here, a writable textile display is proposed, constructed by weaving parallel‐aligned electroluminescent fibers and utilizing polar dielectric mediums (e.g., hydrogel or deionized water) as field‐activated inks. The electroluminescent fibers exhibit superior light‐emitting performance with a high brightness of 350.2 cd m−2, high luminance homogeneity (<2.1% deviation across 360° rotation over 6‐meter length), and remarkable stability under mechanical deformations. By eliminating external control modules, this design enables direct writing through spatially defined polarization of dielectric mediums. A scalable textile display (30 cm × 200 cm) with sharp patterns (micrometer‐scale resolution) is demonstrated, which are fully erasable and rewritable without performance degradation. The system shows exceptional environmental robustness, maintaining 98.8% luminance after 100 000 friction cycles, 30 industrial washes, and 7‐day thermal cycling (4 °C to 95 °C). Integrated with capacitive sensing arrays, the textile enables real‐time interactive applications in smart wearables and canvases, functioning as an effective platform for everyday communications and artistic expression.

Twitter has become a major platform for real-time public expression, including reactions to the Indonesian national football team’s new jersey released by Erspo on January 23, 2025. The previous edition had received strong criticism, creating the need to examine how the public responded to the new design. This study aims to analyze the distribution of sentiments on Twitter and evaluate the performance of the chosen classification method. The research employs Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a linear kernel to classify Indonesian-language tweets into positive and negative categories. Data were collected through crawling and processed using text preprocessing techniques such as case folding, tokenizing, filtering, and stemming, with features extracted using Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). The model’s performance was assessed based on accuracy, precision, and recall. Results show that public sentiment comprised 308 positive and 437 negative tweets. The SVM model achieved an accuracy of 82.35%, with 76% precision for positive and 86% precision for negative classifications. These results indicate that public responses tended to be negative, though positive appreciation was still evident. Overall, SVM proved effective for sentiment analysis and can provide valuable insights for decision-makers and jersey developers.

Promoters able to respond to moderate alkalinization in the industrially relevant yeast Komagataella phaffii have been proposed as a tool for the design of novel methanol-free platforms for heterologous protein expression. However, the molecular bases of such response are unknown. We identify here the transcription factors Crz1 and Rim101 in K. phaffii and use CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to create single and double mutant strains. While crz1 cells are strongly sensitive to Ca2+ ions, mildly sensitive to alkaline pH and hypertolerant to SDS, rim101 cells are markedly hypersensitive to Na+ and Li+ ions, to alkaline pH and to SDS. RNA-seq analysis revealed that mutation of RIM101 affects 55% of alkaline pH-responsive genes, whereas lack of Crz1 alters only 11% of these. Thirty-eight genes are co-regulated by both Crz1 and Rim101. The PMC1 vacuolar Ca2+-ATPase is regulated by Crz1, whereas the ENA2 Na+-ATPase, the PHO89 and PHO84 phosphate transporters, and diverse genes involved in iron homeostasis are Rim101-dependent. These effects were confirmed by proteomic analyses after 3 h of alkalinization. Therefore, Rim101 appears as a major player in the transcriptional response to alkalinization and, together with Crz1, they account for nearly 60% of the alkaline pH transcriptional response in K. phaffii.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-20192-6.

Monoclonal antibodies production in microbial systems: Current status, challenges and perspectives.

The capsid (Cap) protein encoded by the ORF2 gene of porcine circovirus type 2 is the major immunogen for the development of vaccines and can effectively reduce the incidence of porcine circovirus-associated diseases. In order to explore an efficient expression pathway of the recombinant Cap protein, using the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast as the expression platform of the Cap protein, C. reinhardtii chloroplast expression vector pCR02 of the optimized ORF2 gene was constructed and transferred into the C. reinhardtii chloroplast using the biolistic bombardment method. After multiple rounds of resistance screening and culturing, PCR, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA were used to detect the ORF2 gene and the expression of the Cap protein in C. reinhardtii transformants. The results of the study showed that the ORF2 antigen gene had been correctly integrated into the specific site of the C. reinhardtii chloroplast genome, and the Cap protein was effectively expressed. These results suggested that the C. reinhardtii chloroplast is a potential platform for the production of recombinant antigen proteins and provided important support for exploring new production pathways of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins.

This collaborative project between the Cherkasy Regional University Library, and the San Jose State University School of Information (iSchool) aimed to amplify the wartime experiences of Ukrainian children. This initiative involved the digitization of 450 artworks and collecting 70 poems created by these children, culminating in the bilingual zine, “Mom, I See War,” which features ten poems and fifteen artworks centered on themes of hope, resistance, and Ukrainian solidarity. Zines serve as critical and empowering tools for marginalized voices, offering a platform for independent expression and social change (Scheper, 2023). Zines, defined by the Library of Congress as self-published and low-cost media, provide a safe space for children in this case to share their war experiences through poetry and artwork. Existing research highlights that this function positions zines as influential instruments for education and social change by challenging dominant narratives, strengthening critical thinking, and asserting agency. The creation of “Mom, I See War” was directly inspired by the artwork and poetry emerging from art therapy programs for Ukrainian children in the Cherkasy region during 2022 and 2024. These creative expressions offered a US audience powerful narratives of hope amidst the devastation of war. The curation process involved a deliberate selection of ten poems from seventy submissions. This selection aimed to carefully construct a narrative arc that progressed from depictions of devastation to expressions of resilience. Subsequently, each poem was paired with corresponding artwork to highlight thematic connections, foster a sense of community, validate individual experiences, and showcase artistic practice as a form of resistance through the incorporation of national symbols. “Mom, I See War” holds value as a curated collection of cultural records, a testament to wartime experiences, and an educational resource for amplifying marginalized voices. As a product of curation, it demonstrates information professionals acting as cultural stewards and activists, actively preserving and making accessible the cultural expressions of a marginalized community. As a record of wartime experiences, it documents the realities of Ukrainian life and the impact of conflict on children. Furthermore, as an educational tool, the zine provides a powerful means for historically marginalized voices, specifically children, to be heard (Desyllas & Sinclair, 2014). The process of creating and disseminating “Mom, I See War” offers a replicable model for information professionals to engage in cultural stewardship, ethical curation, and the amplification of marginalized narratives through accessible digital media. By digitizing and curating the children’s works, the project team ensured the preservation of these vital cultural artifacts and facilitated their reach to a global audience, fostering understanding and empathy (Mageary, 2020). This model utilizes accessible digital tools like Canva, FlipBooks, LinkTree, and QR codes. It enhances skills in multilingual publishing, ethical curation, and accessibility-centered design, which is crucial for representing diverse voices and establishing zines as effective educational tools. These tools empower marginalized youth to transform private experiences into public narratives, develop multiliteracy skills, and foster critical thinking and social change across diverse communities facing systemic injustice.

The object of this study is the activity of mass media in the Republic of Buryatia. In the contemporary context, these media outlets simultaneously function as mass communication tools. Alongside other functions, they perform informative and communicative roles, catering to such existential human needs as the need for information and interaction by providing the audience with a platform for expression and the exchange of opinions. The subject of this research is the regional media's activity in informing the public about the favorable state of interethnic relations in the republic and in representing the model of traditional interethnic trust, friendship, and accord, thereby contributing to the preservation of this model in the future. The purpose of this paper is to identify the nature of the representation in the media of the Republic of Buryatia concerning the stability of interethnic accord, and the expression of the idea of the necessity to preserve it. The author pays considerable attention to concepts such as "communication" and "accord," and examines the characteristics of modern mass communication tools, their functions, and the specifics of the given multi-ethnic region. In the course of this research, a systemic approach was employed, guided by the principles of reliability and objectivity, alongside the dialectical method. The study also applied structural-functional, logical, and historical methods, as well as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, and other general scientific methods. The key finding of the conducted research is the assertion that the regional media continue to strive for an objective reflection of the neighborly relations, friendship, and accord among representatives of different ethnic groups, which serve as stable models of interethnic communication. As evidenced by media materials, these models are positively perceived even by many representatives of ethnic groups that have only recently begun residing in Buryatia. Currently, the media successfully represent the dominant and traditional models of interethnic accord in Buryatia. The novelty of the research is evident both in its problem statement and in its compelling demonstration that the republic's media are now fulfilling their communicative function more actively than before. They facilitate a rapid exchange of opinions among different communicators, provide timely audience feedback, and serve as a platform for public debate. The author also substantiates the specificity of this region, where multi-ethnicity has long ceased to be a marker of heterogeneity requiring any form of "smoothing" to overcome "otherness," as its inhabitants are united by a profound sense of fraternity and kinship.

Expressing exogenous gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast with viral replication elements.

A significant advantage of P. pastoris as an experimental system and an eukaryotic expression platform is the ability to readily bring to bear both classical and molecular genetic approaches to a research problem and to develop technologies for manufacturing important proteins. Although the advent of yeast molecular biology has introduced new and exciting capabilities, classical genetics remains the approach of choice in many instances. These include the generation of random mutations by induced mutagenesis, alteration of any gene in the genome by targeted gene disruption or tagging, the removal of unwanted genetic background by backcrossing, the analysis of gene and protein interactions using mating and complementation, as well as the construction of strains with new combinations of mutant alleles and expressed proteins or polypeptides. This chapter describes the basis of P. pastoris classical genetics. Various methods of introducing of mutations into a strain genome are described. How classical genetic approaches can be applied to modern molecular studies and how they can be instrumental in the development of industrial strains to produce complex proteins will be discussed. Some basic information about available wild-type and genetically modified strains, as well as a method for their long-term storage, is provided.An understanding of the P. pastoris life cycle and its manipulation is the key to genetic analysis and strain construction. In this chapter, a procedure for knocking out an essential gene is described, together with how to determine if the genomic locus involved is essential. The colony screening method to detect the secretion of a specific recombinant protein via the "Yeastern blot" is outlined. An application of P. pastoris classical genetics to the creation and production of therapeutic antibodies and other complex proteins is also discussed.

ABSTRACTTechnology‐supported emotional wellness interventions have gained significant traction in recent years, yet many fail to address the unique needs of marginalized populations whose identities and experiences often go unrecognized in standardized approaches. Drawing inspiration from art therapy's established success in utilizing creative expression for emotional processing, this research investigates how AI‐generated content can serve as a bridge between traditional therapeutic approaches and culturally responsive care. Through a pilot study involving three participants, we identified key challenges and opportunities in leveraging AI‐assisted creative tools for therapeutic and expressive purposes. Our findings reveal both technical limitations and promising pathways for developing more inclusive and culturally sensitive AI‐powered visual expression platforms.

Recognizing the significant role that animation plays in the world of entertainment and cultural exchange, this paper explores the potential of smaller animation projects as a platform for artistic expression and technological innovation. It also provides an analysis of existing publicly available products and aims to create a theoretical framework that combines film business processes, principles of animation and sound design to create engaging animated media projects. This work examines modern approaches to animation and sound design and their combined impact on content perception and engagement. It also discusses the potential application of these findings when creating media project and offers a qualitative analysis of current trends in hand-drawn animation and sound design. Furthermore, the paper offers a comprehensive approach to sharing smaller-scale media content in order to maximize the effectiveness of these projects. The creation of an experimental animated short film provides a practical example of this theoretical approach. This article is intended for a wide audience, including animators, directors, media technologists, as well as sound specialists planning to create their own projects in the future using film business processes and sound engineering principles. After reviewing the requirements of the project, it was determined that although the theoretical framework is ready to be used, each project should have a unique approach that relies not only on the studies presented here, but also on the correct use of available tools to achieve the best possible results

This study examines the use of speech acts by Indonesian adolescents in digital communication, particularly through comments on social media platforms such as Instagram and TikTok. The study aims to identify the types of speech acts commonly used, examine how the digital context influences the forms and strategies of these utterances, and explore the socio-cultural meanings embedded in these interactions. A qualitative descriptive method was used with data collected from 150 naturalistic comments made by adolescents aged 13–19. The analysis was conducted using Searle's speech act theory, focusing on contextual categorization and interpretation. The findings indicate that representative and expressive speech acts are the most frequently used, followed by directive, commissive, and declarative speech acts. The digital environment shapes linguistic expression through unique features such as emoticons, informal spelling, and visual-emotional reinforcers. These linguistic choices are influenced by the immediate, informal, and performative nature of online interactions. The results also indicate that speech acts on social media reflect adolescents' construction of identity, group affiliation, and shared cultural norms in the digital space. This study concludes that social media serves not only as a communication tool but also as a platform for socio-cultural expression among adolescents. Further studies could explore variations in usage across platforms or different demographic groups.

MicroRNA as a Liquid Biomarker to Detect Malignancy in Small Testicular Masses.

Social media has become a dynamic space for public discourse, including in Indonesia. Instagram, particularly official accounts such as @PSSI, is often used by netizens to express opinions, criticism, and support related to national football issues. This phenomenon reflects the complexity of digital communication, which is rich in social values and linguistic politeness. This study aims to identify the forms of linguistic politeness employed by netizens in the comment section of the official Instagram account @PSSI. The research adopts a pragmatic approach, referring to Leech’s politeness maxims, which include the maxims of tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy. This qualitative descriptive study utilizes documentation and note-taking techniques on relevant user comments collected between February and June 2025. The analysis reveals that netizens continue to apply various politeness maxims in conveying criticism, support, and expressions of solidarity in a respectful manner. These comments demonstrate ethical communication strategies, including motivation, advice, sympathy, and collective appeals. The findings affirm that the digital space, despite its vulnerability to negative speech, can serve as a platform for constructive and civil expression. This research contributes to the development of pragmatic studies and offers practical insights for public institutions in managing social media communication.

RNA interference (RNAi) in pest control is emerging as a targeted, eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in agriculture. Efficient and cost-effective production of high-yield and high-purity dsRNA is crucial for the success of this approach. Escherichia coli HT115 (DE3), commonly employed for dsRNA synthesis, offers high transformation efficiency and genetic flexibility. However, the yield and quality of dsRNA are strongly influenced by the RNA isolation and purification protocols used. The present study compares six RNA isolation methods, viz. TRIzol-isopropanol, TRIzol-absolute ethanol, RNA-XPress-isopropanol, RNA-XPress-absolute ethanol, ethanol isolation, and extended ethanol precipitation using the E. coli-L4440 expression system. The TRIzol-absolute ethanol method yielded the highest total RNA concentration (5.27mg/mL), followed by TRIzol-isopropanol (4.84mg/mL). Although ethanol isolation (1.35mg/mL) and extended ethanol precipitation (1.87mg/mL) produced lower total RNA quantities, they demonstrated superior dsRNA recovery efficiencies up to 84.44%. The findings underscore the importance of selecting and optimizing RNA isolation protocols to maximize dsRNA yield and purity, which are crucial factors for advancing RNAi-based pest management strategies. The results offer practical guidance for scalable dsRNA production, contributing to the development of sustainable agricultural practices.