Exploitation Activities Research Articles

Examining the Effects of Industry 4.0 Adoption, Information Acquisition Capability, and Organizational Ambidexterity on Innovation and Circular Economy Performance

ABSTRACTRegulatory authorities are putting a lot of pressure on manufacturers to devise strategies to boost their contribution to the circular economy. The limited comprehension surrounding the complex interplay that exists between the deployment of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) strategies, the capability to acquire information, and the ability to balance exploration and exploitation activities within an organization acts as a barrier for manufacturers to attain the optimal levels of organizational performance. As a result, the purpose of the current investigation is to investigate the strategic execution of I4.0 on manufacturers' information acquisition capability in order to foster the ambidexterity required to flourish in the innovation‐driven high‐performance ecosystem for attaining circular economy performance. In this study, data from a cross‐sectional survey that included responses from a sample of 238 Indian manufacturers were assessed using structural equation modeling. According to the results, I4.0 technologies assist organizations in strengthening their exploitative and explorative capabilities, allowing them to achieve success in innovation, which is directly related to their performance in circular economy activities. Unexpectedly, the association between an organization's information acquisition capability and its innovation performance is not substantial, but it is completely mediated by both exploitative and explorative capabilities, which are characterized as organizational ambidexterity.

Navigating Dualities: A Literature Review of the Role of Organizational Learning in Fostering Ambidexterity

In the evolving landscape of organizational management, the simultaneous pursuit of exploitation and exploration has heightened interest in organizational ambidexterity. This literature review synthesizes key studies to explore the relationship between organizational learning and ambidexterity, focusing on how learning influences and integrates ambidextrous capabilities. The review examines the theoretical and practical importance of balancing these dual strategies, emphasizing their role in long-term success. To provide a structured analysis, the literature is organized into six key themes, offering a comprehensive view of how different aspects of learning contribute to ambidexterity. Methodologically, the review systematically analyzes peer-reviewed articles from the last two decades, offering insights into how learning processes enhance both explorative and exploitative activities. The findings underscore the value of embedding learning in cultural and structural dimensions to promote adaptability and innovation, providing significant implications for organizational leaders and scholars.

Leading Knowledge Exploration and Exploitation in Schools: The Moderating Role of Teachers’ Open Innovation Mindset

Aim: The purpose of this paper is to identify teacher-level latent profiles of open innovation mindset and explore how these profiles moderate the effects of leader-member exchange on their exploitation and exploration activities. We also aim to investigate the indirect effects of principal transformational leadership on exploration activities via leader-member exchange. Research Design: Using a sample of 3,075 teachers working in 261 schools from 12 provinces across Türkiye, this study, first, employed a moderation analysis with latent profiles variables and, second, conduct a two-level structural equation model. Findings: Latent profile analysis produced three types of teacher mindset profiles: growth, average, and fixed. Findings indicate the quality of the dyadic exchange with the school principal did not influence engagement in exploitation activities of teachers with a growth mindset, whereas it contributed to the exploration activities of those teachers. Our results showed that when teachers perceived that their principal exhibited a higher level of transformational leadership behavior, they were more likely to have a higher leader-member exchange, which in turn increased the teachers’ exploration behavior. Implications: This study highlights both exploitative and explorative activities are facilitated by high-quality work-related social processes within the school, and we need to recognize affective and relational contexts in the schools, as they are primarily social institutions.

Transforming knowledge-sharing intentions into behaviour: the role of ambidextrous knowledge-sharing activities on mobile platforms

ABSTRACT Drawing on the perspectives of technology affordance and organizational learning, this study examines the relationship between individual-level mobile knowledge-sharing intentions and behavior, as well as the moderating effects of exploratory and exploitative knowledge-sharing activities within teams in the public sector. Data were gathered through a questionnaire survey distributed to 377 public employees in 31 mobile knowledge-sharing teams in Taiwan. The results show that mobile knowledge-sharing intentions positively predict behaviour at the individual level. Additionally, exploratory knowledge-sharing activities at the team level amplify the positive impact of mobile knowledge-sharing intentions on behaviour at the individual level. The study reveals that Information Technology (IT) exerts a more substantial influence on exploratory activities than on exploitative activities, particularly among civil servants who have confidence in new technology.

Unveiling the Complex Relationship between Open Circular Innovation and Business Circularity: The Role of Circular-Based Dynamic Capabilities and Circular Ambidexterity

Following calls for more research on the circular economy and open innovation, this study sheds light on the scant mechanisms influencing the relationship between open circular innovation and business circularity. This study theorizes that achieving business circularity requires a radical shift, and those circular exploitative activities may not be an effective strategy for this transition. Therefore, circular-based dynamic capabilities and circular ambidexterity are proposed as moderated-mediation mechanisms that explain the relationship between open circular innovation and business circularity. This study employs a quantitative approach to examine the hypothesized relationships. Data were purposively collected from owners and managers of marble manufacturing units due to the significant amount of waste generated by these units. A total of 292 valid responses were analyzed using SmartPLS version 4.1.0.5. The results revealed that the combined effect of open circular innovation and circular-based dynamic capabilities stimulates circular ambidexterity, which in turn leads to business circularity. This signifies that the complementary role of circular ambidexterity and circular-based dynamic capabilities foster the implementation of business circularity. This study empirically confirmed the application of three frameworks into a single new structure called the circular resource-based view, which has been neglected in previous literature. This study concluded that an organization’s circular resources, capabilities, and competencies, when combined harmoniously with circular strategies, could lead to business circularity.

The catalytic effect of organizational learning on ambidexterity for firm performance

Purpose This study investigates the impact of organizational ambidexterity on employee performance within Jordanian clearance companies, focusing on the mediating role of organizational learning. This research aims to explore how the dimensions of exploration and exploitation influence performance outcomes, including effectiveness and growth. Design/methodology/approach Using analytical descriptive research, this study uses SMART-PLS 4 for hypothesis testing and mediation analysis. A meticulously developed questionnaire, grounded in scholarly literature and vetted by experts, was distributed to 230 employees across the Jordanian clearance industry, achieving a 91.3% response rate. Findings This study found that companies do better when they effectively explore and exploit, especially if they also focus on learning and adapting. This insight is particularly useful for those in the human resource development and management fields who aim to boost employee performance and, ultimately, the success of their organizations. The findings reveal a significant indirect effect of organizational ambidexterity on performance through organizational learning. Ambidexterity explained 55.6% of the variance in organizational learning, and subsequently, organizational learning accounted for 47.4% of performance variance. The total performance variance was 81.8%, indicating a strong relationship between the constructs. Research limitations/implications This study’s scope is limited to the Jordanian clearance industry, suggesting the need for further research across different contexts and industries. The reliance on self-reported data may introduce bias, warranting future use of mixed methods for a more comprehensive understanding. Practical implications The findings underscore the importance of fostering organizational learning as a mediator between ambidexterity and performance. Companies should invest in strategies that enhance both exploratory and exploitative activities, leveraging organizational learning to improve performance outcomes. Social implications By highlighting the role of organizational learning in mediating the relationship between ambidexterity and performance, this research suggests pathways for businesses to contribute to economic growth and employee development within the Jordanian context and potentially beyond. Originality/value This study contributes to the field by examining the underexplored context of the Jordanian customs clearance industry and using a robust methodological framework to assess the relationship between organizational ambidexterity, learning and performance. It provides empirical evidence supporting the significant impact of balanced competency configurations on performance outcomes.

Transformación estratégica de una empresa tradicional a una ambidiestra en entornos turbulentos. El caso de Corpaul

In an ever-changing competitive environment, companies must adapt and respond quickly to market fluctuations. In this process, some companies manage to strengthen their competitive advantage by balancing exploration and exploitation activities. Using case study methodology, this research aimed to understand how a traditional company becomes ambidextrous and strengthens its competitive advantage operating in a turbulent environment. The findings indicate that the company balances the exploration of new opportunities with the exploitation of existing ones, promoting sustainability and forging strategic alliances. Key lessons for companies in transformation processes include the importance of strategic collaborations and reconnecting with their original purpose to identify new opportunities and competitive advantages.

Diversity and distribution patterns of Sea Urchins (echinoidea) in the waters of Doreng Beach, Sikka Regency, Indonesia

Echinoidea is a marine biota with many important roles in life. Echinoidea can be found in various sea and water areas, one of which is in the waters of Doreng Beach. The rampant exploitation activities and minimal efforts to conserve Echinoidea in the waters of Doreng Beach have caused the diversity of Echinoidea to decline. This study aimed to identify the types of Echinoidea and analyze their abundance and distribution patterns in the waters of Doreng Beach. This research was conducted on October 1 -November 1, 2022. The type of research conducted was qualitative descriptive research with a field observation approach. The method used was the quadrat sampling method. Observations were carried out at three stations, each with 15 quadrat plots measuring 1 x 1 m2. The results of the study showed that there were eight species in the waters of Doreng Beach, namely Echinometra mathei, Echinometra viridis, Diadema setosum, Diadema savignyi, Echinothrix calamaris, Echinothrix diadema, Tripneustes gratilla and Tripneustes Ventricosus. The highest abundance is from the species Echinometra mathei, with a value of 4.62 ind/m2, and the lowest is Diadema savignyi, with a value of 0.02 ind/m2. The distribution pattern of Echinoidea in Doreng Beach Waters is clustered with a moisten index value of 5.5.

Forest Clearance and Fragmentation for Charcoal Production: The Case of Bimbia Bonadikombo Forest, South West Region, Cameroon

The exploitation activities of man on natural resources have hardly been sustainable. This study examined the implication of charcoal production on the Bimbia Bonadikombo forest and it’s environ. The study employed both direct field observation and questionnaire administration for data gathering. Questionnaires were administered to charcoal producers and persons involved in charcoal related activities. Persons were selected using snowball technique. A total of 42 copies of questionnaires were administered to charcoal producers and related activities. Tree species used for charcoal production were noted and identified. The questionnaire was divided into five sections:(i), socio-demographic characteristics of charcoal producers, (ii), methods of charcoal production and species selected (iii), aspects influencing charcoal production and the implication on the ecosystem, (iv), seasonal trends and challenges faced (v) mitigation strategies used). Data collected were organized in Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for the analyses. Pearson (ρ) correlation association was used for the relationship between variables of production and the demand of charcoal. The result revealed that, majority of the respondents, 78.57%, were males while females were least 21.43%. Majority of the respondents (54.76%) were between the ages of 31-46 while the least with ages > 47. Lophira alata 14 (35.71%) was the tree species ranked 1st while Irvingia gabonensis1 (2.38%) was the least and ranked 8th. The main aspect that influenced production was revenue generated 14 (33.33%) while weak institutions 2(4.76%) and crises situations 2(2(4.76%) were the least. Deforestation 12(28.57%) and habitats destruction 8(10.04%) were reported as the main effects caused by charcoal production. Production and the demand of charcoal variables showed a positive association (0.153±.361). The management strategies employed were: only matured trees were used for charcoal production, permanent charcoal pit kiln are dug out of forest canopy and only few tree species are used for charcoal production. For mitigation purposes used are: domestication, protecting wild charcoal trees in their farms and nurseries establishment. This study recommends that charcoal is a major source of energy and alternative source of energy when others failed or insufficient. Therefore, this source of energy can be enhanced to be more eco friendly and environmentally sustainable.

Digital transformation in incumbent companies: a qualitative study on exploration and exploitation activities in innovation

Digital transformation is a pivotal strategic pillar for companies. Despite its relevance, incumbent companies still face challenges in implementation due to the complex character of transformation processes. We provide a framework serving as guidance for leaders of digital transformations. Based on an explorative research design, we conducted 33 semi-structured interviews with experts of digital transformations of incumbent companies. Our findings indicate that leaders need to understand the terminologies related to exploration, exploitation, and digital transformation, and the complex interaction between all three areas. This includes digital literacy and being aware of differentiated treatment of exploration and exploitation in innovations and the relevance of both. Leaders must acknowledge that industry and organizational characteristics influence organizations’ tendencies towards exploration or exploitation in innovations. Exploration in digital transformation is about using digital technologies to rethink business models. Using digital technologies to optimize existing processes, products, and IT infrastructure is associated with exploitation. In sum, we need different target settings and approaches for the required activities.

Exploiting Folk Cultural Resources of Dai Binh Village, Quang Nam Province, in Tourism Development

The article systematically investigates the current status of folk cultural resource exploitation in the tourism development of Dai Binh Village, Quang Nam Province. The author employs research methods including data collection, synthesis, document analysis, and statistical data processing to evaluate the tourism development status of Dai Binh Village. Additionally, comparative analysis methods are used to analyze statistical data and make assessments, evaluations, and scientifically based forecasts. To accomplish this research, the author utilizes primary sources such as official documents, reports, articles, etc., from governmental agencies and scholars specializing in folk cultural resources of Dai Binh Village. These sources provide a critical foundation for the author to gain an overview of folk cultural resource exploitation activities in Dai Binh Village's tourism development. Based on this foundation, the author analyzes and clarifies the folk cultural resources of Dai Binh Village and the current status of their exploitation in tourism development. Furthermore, the article proposes several solutions to effectively utilize folk cultural resources in the tourism development of Dai Binh Village, Quang Nam Province.

Heavy Metal Pollution in Gas Flare-Impacted Soils: An Assessment Using Pollution Indices in Obunagha, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Gas flaring is the controlled burning of natural gas which occurs as a result of the activities of oil exploration and exploitation using flare stacks. In Nigeria, gas flaring activities is high and it mainly takes place in the Niger Delta region. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioavailability and concentration of heavy metals pollution of gas flare-impacted soils using pollution indices such as contamination factor, geo-accumulation index and pollution load index. Soil samples were collected with soil auger at depths of 0-15 cm from distances of 200 m, 500 m, 1000 m, 2000 m, and 3000 m away from the flaring point. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to assess the presence of the following heavy metals in the soils: cadmium, chromium, nickel, zinc, copper, and manganese. The findings revealed that Fe (90% bioavailability) had the highest bioavailability among the metals tested in the soils, while Cr (45%) had the lowest. The metals bioavailability decreased in the order of Fe>Mn>Cu>Cd>Ni>Zn>Cr. The geo-accumulation index revealed that the soils were practically uncontaminated by Zn and Cu at all distances, moderately polluted by Cd and Ni at 1000 m and 2000 m and strongly polluted with Cd at a distance of 200 m. The Contamination factor results were consistent with the geo-accumulation index results. The pollutant load index (PLI) was found to be high but decreasing (1.37-0.49) as the distance from the flare point increased, indicating that the research region was polluted. In conclusion, the study's overall findings suggested that the soils were contaminated with heavy metals (particularly Cd) as a result of nearby gas flaring. As a result, the area must be appropriately monitored and managed to prevent future soil contamination by heavy metals to a level that is hazardous to human health.

Aqueous VOCs in complex water environment of oil exploitation sites: Spatial distribution, migration flux, and risk assessment

Pollution of the aqueous environment by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has caused increasing concerns. However, the occurrence and risks of aqueous VOCs in oil exploitation areas remain unclear. Herein, spatial distribution, migration flux, and environmental risks of VOCs in complex surface waters (including River, Estuary, Offshore and Aquaculture areas) were investigated at a typical coastal oil exploitation site. Among these surface waters, River was the most polluted area, and 1,2-Dichloropropane—which emerges from oil extraction activities—was the most prevalent VOC. Positive matrix factorization showed that VOCs pollution sources changed from oil exploitation to offshore disinfection activities along River, Estuary, Offshore and Aquaculture areas. Annual volatilization of VOCs to the atmosphere was predicted to be ∼34.42 tons, and rivers discharge ∼23.70 tons VOCs into the Bohai Sea annually. Ecological risk assessment indicated that Ethylbenzene and Bromochloromethane posed potential ecological risks to the aquatic environment, while olfactory assessment indicated that VOCs in surface waters did not pose an odor exposure risk. This study provides the first assessment of the pollution characteristics of aqueous VOCs in complex aqueous environments of oil exploitation sites, highlighting that oil exploitation activities can have nonnegligible impacts on VOCs pollution profiles.

Implementing organizational ambidexterity using the balanced scorecard in Puebla City’s hotel industry, Mexico

PurposeThis paper investigates the effectiveness of the Ambidextrous Scorecard (ASC) in facilitating the integration of organizational ambidexterity in four-star Puebla City hotels for managing exploitation and exploration activities. It proposes an integrated approach to ambidexterity and introduces the ASC as a tool explicitly targeting hotels’ challenges and opportunities.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyzes survey data from 41 hotels (85.42% response rate). Our methodology involves a literature review, the Delphi technique for questionnaire validation, and data collection through Google Forms. Statistical tests confirm the reliability and validity of the approach for assessing the effective integration of exploitation and exploration activities.FindingsThe paper highlights how the ASC promotes an integrated approach to managing both activities. By incorporating exploitation activities (cost reduction, strategic alliances), and facilitating exploration activities (process innovation, new market attraction), the ASC empowers hotels to streamline operations, develop novel offerings, and achieve enhanced operational efficiency and innovation.Research limitations/implicationsWe acknowledge limitations due to its specific focus on the hotel industry in Puebla City, suggesting that the results may not be universally applicable. We recommended that further investigation be conducted into the application of the Ambidextrous Scorecard (ASC) across different sectors and regions to enhance understanding of organizational ambidexterity. Exploring the impact of integrating exploitation and exploration activities across corporate areas could offer valuable insights for implementing the ASC in diverse business settings.Practical implicationsThe paper indicates that hotels can achieve ambidexterity by integrating exploitation and exploration activities using the Balanced Scorecard. This approach enhances competitiveness, allowing hotels to anticipate and respond to market trends quickly. It highlights the significance of considering ambidexterity across all organizational areas to ensure sustained adaptability and performance in dynamic environments.Originality/valueThis paper introduces the concept of integrated ambidexterity and the ASC as a novel tool for managing the balance between innovation and efficiency. The ASC transcends the hotel industry, potentially benefiting various service sectors by facilitating a more integrated approach to organizational performance.

Vertical electrical sounding method and Dar Zarrouk analysis to identify the distribution of seawater intrusion in Pelauw Village, Maluku

Groundwater is one of the essential resources that support human life. Excessive exploitation activities can cause groundwater problems such as seawater intrusion, especially in coastal areas. Groundwater salination must be a concern and measured to determine the condition and level of distribution. One of the non-invasive, inexpensive, and efficient methods to see seawater intrusion phenomena is the vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique of electrical resistivity method. This research aimed to analyze the distribution of seawater intrusion in Pelauw Village, Maluku, Indonesia, using the VES and Dar-Zarrouk parameters S and T. The S and T are longitudinal conductance and transversal resistance, respectively. This study collected 16 VES stations spread across residential areas near the coast of Pelauw Village. Groundwater affected by seawater intrusion in the study area has S>1.00 mho and T<1,000 ohm m2. Three VES stations are suspected to have experienced seawater intrusion, namely V7, V8 and V12. These three stations are located near the shoreline and densely populated areas. Based on the 2D cross-section, the spread of seawater intrusion toward the land is about 200 meters. This seawater intrusion event is thought to have occurred due to groundwater exploitation by communities around the coast and active tectonic activity. The VES method and Dar Zarrouk Analysis proved compelling enough to delineate the spread of seawater intrusion, so based on these results, it can be a reference for mitigating groundwater pollution.

Assessment of the Environmental and Socio-economic Impacts of Iron Ore Exploration Activities in Uganda. A Case Study of Iron Ore Mines in Muko Sub-County in Rubanda District

This study assessed the environmental and socio-economic impacts of iron ore exploration activities in Uganda, specifically focusing on iron ore mines in Muko Sub-County, Rubanda District. The research has three specific objectives. First, it seeks to identify the various iron ore exploration activities being carried out in the study area. Second, it aims to uncover the challenges faced by the local communities living around the iron ore site. Lastly, the study aims to examine the interventions that have been implemented to address these challenges. Various data collection tools like interviewing, observation, focus group discussion, and questionnaires were applied to gather the required data for this study. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of the environmental and socio-economic impacts, this research hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the potential consequences of iron ore exploration activities. It also seeks to provide valuable insights into the strategies that can be employed to mitigate these challenges and foster sustainable development in the region. The findings of this study indicated that various exploration and exploitative iron ore activities have been carried out within the study area such as; open-pit mining, site preparation, hauling and transportation, survey, and mapping among others. The study also revealed that; conflicts, displacements of residents from their lands, degradation of the environment, and employment opportunities among other effects have arisen. On the issue of measures to mitigate the effects, EIAs, and restorations of the degraded environment were identified. This study concluded that; the results of this study show that the study region has been significantly impacted by iron ore exploration and extraction activities. Environmental degradation brought on by these practices includes soil erosion, water contamination, and deforestation. In addition, socioeconomic developments such as eviction, loss of livelihoods, and growing inequality have affected the nearby villages. In conclusion, both the environment and the nearby communities have suffered as a result of iron ore exploration and exploitation activities in the study region. To lessen these negative effects and encourage sustainable practices in the sector, immediate action must be taken.It was also recommended that strict laws and enforcement by government agencies and community engagement should be put at the fingers point to ensure the most sustainable iron ore mining not only in the study area but also in the country-Uganda as a whole. Keyword: Environmental impacts; Socio-economic impacts; Iron ore exploration; Uganda; Muko Sub-County

Business Model Canvas and Competition to Understand Exploitation of Cybersecurity Project Results

The European Commission (EC) has lately funded 22 different cybersecurity projects (European Commission, 2024), and the European Union (EU) expects a return for the investment and requires these projects to demonstrate efficient exploitation activities that emphasize their influence on the European economy. The Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a tool to actively guide discussion and processes that evolve and adapt based on their environments. Yet, the tool does not address the competition on the marketplace. For this reason, this study introduces the ‘Business Model Canvas and Competition’ (BMC&C) by including the element of competence to the traditional BMC and examines its usefulness to understand the relations between an organisation and its competitive environment. The data collection method for this study was action research through actively participating in the exploitation workshops activities and reading what materials were produced. The BMC by Osterwalder and Pigneur (2011) consists of the nine building blocks. This study modified the BMC as a framework of analysis by adding tenth building block ‘Competition’ (&C) that acknowledges that an organization is not alone but is part of a market where it encounters competition by active direct competitors and by indirect alternative ways to achieve similar results. This tenth building block ‘Competition’ (&C) was deemed important to better understand what possible competitive advantages and challenges the analysed assets of the ECHO project may encounter. The BMC&C was used in ECHO exploitation workshop that addressed the ECHO asset ECHO Early Warning System (E-EWS). The E-EWS asset BMC&C example show that users found the BMC&C easy to use. As the &C was added as a tenth element or building block the use of the tool was familiar to anyone who had used a conventional BMC. Those who had no prior experience of the BMC tool received guidance from the more experienced users. The workshops included active and co-creative discussions that shaped the outcomes of the BMC&C for each individual ECHO asset. The results of this study indicate that the BMC&C can be a valuable tool to assess how an organisation that is active in a marketplace may need to take their competition into account. The contribution of this study to practice is a deeper understanding of competition and market on a very practical case level, while its contribution to theory is the accumulation of data from multiple cases.

Deep neural network accelerated-group African vulture optimization algorithm for unit commitment considering uncertain wind power

The unit commitment (UC) of power systems serves to plan out the starting and shutdown of units and the power generation of units for a future period of time. However, the UC problem for large-scale systems faces the problems of long solution time and insufficiently accurate solution. Uncertainty in wind power generation poses a great challenge in solving the unit combination problem. This work proposes a deep neural network accelerated-double layer optimization method (DNNA-DOM) to improve the solution efficiency, accuracy, and economy of UC. The outer layer of DNNA-DOM utilizes the proposed deep neural network accelerated-group African vulture optimization algorithm (DNNA-GAVOA) to optimize the on-off condition of conventional coal-fired power units. The inner layer of DNNA-DOM adopts quadratic programming to optimize the solution of the economic dispatch problem of load distribution. The GAVOA optimizes the simulated African vultures in four groups to obtain the optimal solution after diverse exploration, exploitation, and exploitation activities, with low complexity and high accuracy. This work first evaluates the performance of GAVOA by solving seven unimodal functions. Furthermore, the 10-unit simulation by incorporating wind power curves and related constraints is optimized through the DNNA-DOM. The results show that GAVOA outperforms the African vulture optimization algorithm (AVOA) and traditional metaheuristics like the particle swarm algorithm and gray wolf algorithm in terms of lower operating cost and optimization stability. The DNNA-DOM combined with DNNA-GAVOA in the outer layer results in an average daily cost reduction of $36.30 and a 45.1997 % speed increase compared to AVOA in the outer layer.

Explore or Exploit Innovation to Survive Uncertain Times? A Theoretical Outlook Based on The Advancement of Employee Creativity Utilizing Promotion and Prevention Goal Framing

There has been considerable research in the relationship of exploration and exploitation activities with promotion and prevention focus, especially regarding their impact on innovation and creativity respectively. However, there is a lack of research in this dynamic during times of crisis where innovation and creativity is especially crucial for both firms to thrive and survive. This paper draws upon the regulatory focus theory and its effect on creativity, in order to supplement our theoretical perspective on a firm’s exploratory exploitative innovation strategies during times of crisis, particularly by conceptually linking employee’s creativity to innovation. The results of this study, based on a survey of 218 British students and creativity coding by our researchers, indicate that prevention focus positively affects creativity in individuals at a higher level compared to promotion focus. This study provides an alternate theoretical perspective regarding exploratory and exploitative innovation strategies, based on the development of employees’ creative abilities, through goal framing and increases our practical understanding of the role of creativity during times of crisis within an innovation management framework.

清康雍乾时期内蒙古中西部地区山林开发与林权问题探析

During the Qing dynasty, the wood tax was a non-negligible part of the source of customs duties of the imperial court, therefore, the nationwide mountain and forest exploitation activities carried out by both the official supervision as well as the local and social businessmen and citizens were very active. In the wave of resource exploitation and utilization, the Mongolian Banner Mountain products, which were still under the domain of Mongolia, had also been stolen and sold, becoming a “special area” under the situation of banning. There are countless discussions of different dimensions on the mining process as well as the banning and unbanning time of Daqing Mountain and Muna Mountain forests in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia. However, it is still necessary to discuss in depth about how the imperial court handled the mining, transportation and sale of the mountain forests in this area under the “blocked” state. In other words, why did the Qing court strictly impose a policy of banning the border areas while allowing the smuggling and selling of mountains and forests to occur, and even the official supervision and commercial office of felling and transporting wood plants in the Muna Mountains. In addition, during the process of mining and selling mountain wood vegetation, the ownership right of its mountain forest has gradually formed in the unique form of “boundary” or “the forbidden”, which has become a unique form of mountain forest ownership in Mongolia. Among them, the process of temples in Mongolia region confirming the rights to the surrounding mountains and forests is clearer than that of the local society or the country, which fully demonstrates its unique nature.