Related Experts Research Articles

Climate Change and Statutory Construction: Administrative Law Expertise and “New” Emergencies

Responding to climate change requires multi-faceted and long-term public action, particularly in the administrative sphere. The centrality of statutory construction in climate change administrative law adjudication reflects this fact. This article is a study of how statutory construction arguments are figuring in these cases in common law jurisdictions. Arguments relate to direct and indirect climate change legislative provisions and legislative obligations concerning environmental assessment. A study of these different arguments underscores how climate change is giving rise to complex legal questions – a legal reality often overlooked in discourses about these cases as forms of strategic litigation. That legal reality points to the need to foster administrative law expertise in relation to both statutes and climate change. Such fostering requires the evolution of legal imagination.

The Characteristics of Patients Admitted to a Forensic Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit in Australia

Background: Psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs) house some of the highest acuity patients within the mental health system. Little is known about patient characteristics and adverse events occurring in these settings and this study aimed to examine clinical, demographic and offending characteristics and correlates of problem behaviours for patients admitted to the first forensic PICU in Australia. Aims: To identify common characteristics held by patients admitted to one high secure forensic PICU in Australia. Method: Retrospective file review occurred for patients admitted between March 2019 and May 2020, during which 96 male patients were admitted. Results: Mean (range) age was 37.3 (21–76) years, and when admitted most patients were: single (n = 80; 83.3%), homeless (n = 52; 54.2%), had not completed high-school education (n = 60; 62.5%), had histories of trauma (n = 38; 39.6%) and antisocial behaviour (n = 40; 41.7%) in adolescence and presented with personality disorder (n = 23; 24.0%) and substance abuse (n = 93; 96.9%). Frequent problem behaviours, particularly aggression (n = 65; 67.7%), were encountered and rates of seclusion (n = 62; 64.6%) were high. Segregation in prison prior to admission and co-morbid personality disorder were associated with increased likelihood of aggression or self-harm respectively occurring. Conclusion: With high mental illness acuity and significant behavioural risk complicated by multi-vulnerability, forensic PICUs need specialist environments, models of care and high level relational and de-escalation staff expertise to maintain safety and promote recovery.

Study of the Load Forecasting based on AKDC and LSTM algorithms

As one of the traditional research subjects of power system, load forecasting has always been a hot research direction of related experts and scholars. This paper uses an extended algorithm combining the advantages of adaptive K-means algorithm and distributed clustering algorithm, improves the traditional K-means algorithm, and uses LSTM algorithm to build a load prediction model. LSTMS can learn the advantages of long distance time series dependence to recognize load patterns from the horizontal (time dimension). The simulation results show that the LSTM algorithm based on Adam optimizer improves the accuracy of load prediction, and the proposed algorithm is verified.

The Basic Principles of Effective Public Relations Strategies by Sancar Maruflu, the Doyen of Turkish Communication Experts

Sancar Maruflu started working in the field of public relations even before the concept was known to the public and founded Turkey's second company in this field. Considered the pioneer of the profession and a passionate practitioner for 50 years, Maruflu was a public relations expert who organized the largest number of state ceremonies in Turkey. He also achieved great success in the field of political communication with the election campaigns he prepared, and he worked as a public relations consultant for Turkey's most important politicians. Maruflu, who held a master's degree in public relations, trained many young public relations experts and brought them to the sector. He continued working in the public relations field until the day he passed away; Maruflu brought a different interpretation to public relations, developed and implemented unique strategies, tried untried methods and succeeded, and became a brand and an expert in his profession. Maruflu, who advocated that a public relations expert should know the society in which he lives very well and should be intertwined with the public, also became a civil society leader and was nicknamed the Father of Izmir by the people of the city (Izmir) where he lived. This article includes Sancar Maruflu's achievements in the public relations profession and his advice to young people who want to be successful in this field. Maruflu's unique interpretations and practices brought to the profession will offer a new vision to public relations.

Challenges of Technology Integration in Teacher Education Programmes in Bangladeshi Tertiary Institutions

Technology integration has considerably affected teaching and learning cultures and resulted in revolutionary changes to worldwide pedagogical practices. For numerous reasons, including a lack of experience, policy, planning, infrastructure, and the environment, many educational institutions have not been able to gain the greatest benefits from technology. This study, seen through the lens of Activity Theory, reports the challenges of technology integration in the teacher education programs of tertiary institutions of Bangladesh. It has employed an interpretative qualitative research design for data elicitation and data analysis. Seven written reflection papers on the barriers of technology integration from both male and female teacher educators working in various private public universities were collected. The findings reveal that a variety of issues such as lack of tech-tools, devices, training and related expertise, administrative support, electricity, technology-equipped classrooms, attitudes of teachers and students, gap between theory and practice hinder teacher educators’ effective integration of technology in pedagogical practice of teacher education programs in Bangladesh. The findings can have implications for policy makers, curriculum designers, and other stakeholders with similar or different educational contexts.

Based Learning Media Model Website for Making Mood Boards Fashion at Vocational Education Institute

The research was conducted to design a learning media model that can be used online. The method in this study uses a 4D development model, a stage that is carried out only to the development stage. The application used to design learning media is Dreamweaver and then the qualification test is carried out by media experts and material experts and the trial test is done on 35 trainees in training institutions and courses. The resulting learning media model has qualifications in terms of usability, functionality, and visual communications aspects by media experts in highly qualified categories, and the qualification results by material experts in relation to learning design, material content, language, and communications things are obtained in the category Highly qualified, and evaluations by students of the results based on usability aspects in most of these applications are acceptable to students with highly satisfactory answers on components P1 to P10 with highly qualifying categories.

Skills make you happy: Why high (vs. low) skill activities make consumers happier, yet they don't choose them

AbstractHigh‐skill activities—defined as those for which ability increases with practice over time—tend to contribute more to well‐being than do low‐skill ones. Nevertheless, consumers may spend the majority of their leisure time partaking in low‐skill activities (e.g., watching television, listening to music, web surfing)—despite correctly recognizing that higher‐skill activities, despite requiring more effort, are more happiness‐inducing. We explore this paradox in the present research. Results from five experiments (three online experiments and two lab experiments) confirm that consumers report being happier when spending time on high (vs. low) skill activities, and that the increased happiness from these high‐skill activities is mediated by increased “flow” from them. Expertise in an activity moderates this effect, such that those who are relative experts in a high‐skill activity experience increased happiness and meaning compared to those who are amateurs. We discuss how consumers can utilize this knowledge to improve their well‐being, and how marketers and employers can build on our findings to enhance customer and employee satisfaction.

An age-cohort simulation model for generating COVID-19 scenarios: A study from Ireland's pandemic response

The COVID-19 pandemic presented an immediate need for the Irish Government to establish modelling capacity in order to inform public health decision making. A broad-based interdisciplinary team was created at short notice, drawing together related expertise from the academic and health sectors. This paper documents one of a number of modelling solutions developed by the Irish Epidemiological Modelling Advisory Group (IEMAG), which advised the Irish Government on COVID-19 responses during the pandemic. The model inputs included surveillance data, epidemiological data, demographic data, vaccination schedules, vaccine efficacy estimates, estimates of social contacts, and new variant data. Outputs from the model supported policy discussions, including: decisions on the timing of public health restrictions, simulating the effects of school reopening on overall disease transmission, exploring the impact of vaccination across different age cohorts, and generating scenarios on the plausible impact on cases caused by the Omicron variant. An innovative aspect of the solution was the use of a modular design, with three benefits: (1) it enabled a simplification of the disease transmission structure; (2) it provided a practical workflow to coordinate activities; and (3) it speeded up the process of scenario generation and the requirement to provide timely and informative scenario analysis to support Ireland's pandemic response. Given the paper's applied and practical focus, it presents a record of modelling and scenario outputs as they were developed, presented and deployed during the actual outbreak - therefore all simulation results and scenarios are documented “as they happened”, and without the benefit of hindsight.

게임 산업을 통해 본 메타버스의 발전방안

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of metaverse, which has recently become less interested, and to present development plans. Among the various types of metaverse, game-type metaverse has the highest user interest and has many similarities to games in terms of appearance. Accordingly, this study analyzed the characteristics, similarities, and differences between games and game-type metaverse, and suggested the problems and development plans of metaverse, which is currently less interested, through interviews with related experts. As a result of the study, problems include the lack of high-quality content, structural limitations of metaverse and slow hardware technology development, the characteristics of the industrial life cycle, the emergence of ChatGPT, abuse of NFT transactions, and weakness in privacy. Based on this, it suggested the need for killer content and continuous content production support, increased technology investment for early implementation of metaverse content expert training and technology, maintenance of related systems to protect creations, active research on privacy and ethics, and the introduction and utilization of artificial intelligence in metaverse.

Collaboration in Education Services for Children with Special Needs Inclusive School

Based on the observations and explanations of special guidance teachers in schools, inclusive education providers that the form of collaboration between teachers and stakeholders is still diverse. In general, this study aims to find out and obtain information about the implementation of collaboration between teachers and stakeholders in education services for children with special needs in schools providing inclusive education in Sukabumi. This research is a quantitative research. Data collection techniques are carried out by distributing questionnaires and recording initial data in the form of records that are understood by researchers without reducing the actual data. The results of the study can be concluded that collaboration in several aspects is still lacking such as teacher collaboration with SLB, teacher collaboration with related experts, lack of teacher collaboration with resource centers, teachers are also still lacking collaboration in carrying out learning activities. Meanwhile, there are several aspects that have begun to develop well, including teacher collaboration with parents, as well as teacher collaboration with special guidance teachers in inclusive schools, although not yet dehydrated, maximum results are expected to be a reference in building good collaboration between teachers and related stakeholders in creating effective learning in inclusive education. This study illustrates that inclusive education in its implementation process requires support from teachers and related stakeholders in order to run optimally.

Pockets of promise: exploring innovation and complexity of remote ECEC service delivery in Australia

IntroductionThe existing funding architectures for early childhood education and care (ECEC) services in Australia are incompatible with the needs of remote and First Nations communities. The Australian system relies on a market-based model for ECEC – characterized by demand-led funding mechanisms where funding flows to users to choose what service to use. This model is not viable or sustainable in remote and First Nations communities. In this paper, we ask what we can learn from alternative models of ECEC that serve remote, largely Indigenous communities.MethodsThis research is based on interviews with 10 key stakeholders. Potential participants were identified using three selection criteria which established their expertise in relation to: advocacy and experience in delivering ECEC services in remote locations (evident in relevant parliamentary reviews and inquiries), in-depth knowledge about First Nations perspectives about ECEC models, and broader understandings of the ECEC system in Australia. Three themes were explored in the interviews: (1) funding context (including impact of recent changes to Budget Based Funding, and role of philanthropy in the ECEC sector); (2) Quality and regulatory context (including workforce challenges and cultural considerations); and (3) Future research (including research gaps, opportunities, and considerations). The study design and analysis of data was guided by policy studies frameworks that advocate for collaboration and coordination among researchers and stakeholders in order to address complex problems.ResultsAnalysis of the interviews illuminated the complex structural and cultural elements shaping the design of, and access to, ECEC in remote communities. Stakeholders argued that the ECEC system should be universal in that it delivers services that meet the needs of young children and their families. This requires the development of a definition of ‘universality’ that enables communities to define their own ECEC needs and the types of services best suited to meet those needs. Stakeholders’ views about the importance of community-led design and delivery highlighted the need to align structural and cultural aspects of quality standards and workforce needs, and also to strengthen consultation with First Nations organisations to better understand community-specific solutions.DiscussionThe paper outlines the complexities and nuances of ECEC service delivery in remote communities. The findings are intended to foster discussion about current initiatives, challenges, and futures possibilities for ECEC in remote communities in Australia. These findings concur with other research that argues for community led service delivery and for stronger equity-based partnerships between First Nations and non-First Nations researchers and organizations.

대학생을 위한 원격교육 기반 돌봄책임감 향상 프로그램 개발 및 적용

Objectives This study aims to develop a distance education-based caring responsibility improvement program for carers and verify its effectiveness.
 Methods In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the components of the program were extracted and configured by referring to previous studies, and the final draft was confirmed through validity verification through related experts. 11 items were selected as program content elements to improve caring responsibility: recognizing, participating, sharing, listening, accompanying, praising, comforting, inspiring hope, forgiveness, acceptance, and empathy. To verify the effectiveness of the program, an experimental group (16 people) and a control group (16 people) were formed, and a t-test was conducted on the pre- and post-test evaluation scales to compare between groups and between groups. In addition, group chat rooms, practice assignments, and reflection diaries were used to promote the effectiveness of the program and exchanges and participation among participants, and non-face-to-face methods such as remote education and video conferences were used to be used even in a pandemic situation.
 Results The main results of this study are as follows. First, the content and composition of the educational program for caregivers, which was composed through domestic and foreign precedent studies and theory books, were appropriate. As a result of the scale evaluation conducted before and after the program implementation, the caring responsibility-related scales, life-respecting consciousness, life-respecting behavior, and empathy, improved significantly, but personality showed no significant change. In addition, as a result of comparison between the experimental group and the control group, there was no significant difference in all items in the pre-test, but in the post-test, the scores of the experimental group improved in all items, and the difference was significant.
 Conclusions Through this study, specific contents and efficient methods for improving care responsibility for caregivers were suggested.

Difficulties in Addressing Diagnostic, Treatment and Support Needs in Individuals with Intellectual Disability and Persistent Challenging Behaviours: A Descriptive File Study of Referrals to an Expertise Centre.

Service providers may experience difficulties in providing appropriate care to optimize the functioning of individuals with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour. External consultation to identify and address the unmet support needs underlying the behaviour may be beneficial. Applying the multidimensional American Association Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) model may facilitate this approach. We aimed to describe the content and outcomes of consultation for individuals with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour referred to the Dutch Centre for Consultation and Expertise in relation to the AAIDD model. Interventions were based on the clients' diagnostic, treatment, and support needs and were categorized according to the five dimensions of the AAIDD model. Outcomes of the consultations were assessed based on reports in the file and rated as 'clear improvement', 'improvement' or 'no improvement or deterioration'. In two-thirds of the 104 studied files, consultees were satisfied with the improvement in functioning. Interventions targeted the difficulties of the service providers in supporting their clients and were most often applied within the Health and Context dimensions of the AAIDD model. We may conclude that consultation of an expert team may be valuable to support the care providers, and the use of the AAIDD model may be helpful to address the unmet needs to improve the functioning of individuals with challenging behaviour.

Expert and non-expert at the same time: knowledge integration processes and dynamics in interdisciplinary teamwork

Contemporary sustainability issues require the integration of diverse knowledge to study and address them holistically. How interdisciplinary knowledge integration arises in teamwork is, however, poorly understood. For instance, studies often focus on either individual or team processes, rather than studying their interplay and thereby contributing to understanding knowledge integration in an integral manner. Therefore, in this study we aimed to understand how knowledge integration processes are shaped by interactions in interdisciplinary teamwork. We present insights from an ethnographic case study of interdisciplinary teamwork among eight master’s students. In this student team, we observed two dynamics that impeded knowledge integration: (1) conformative dynamic manifested as avoiding and ignoring differences, and (2) performative dynamic as avoiding and ignoring not-knowing. Based on earlier work, we expected that contributing one’s own and engaging with each other’s knowledge would ensure knowledge integration. However, the dynamics exposed that it did not only depend on whether knowledge was contributed and engaged with, but also which knowledge was exchanged and manipulated in the teamwork. We coin the concept ‘relative expertise’, which emphasizes that interdisciplinary teamwork requires that collaborators act simultaneously as expert—in relation to their own contributory expertise—and non-expert—in relation to others’ contributory expertise. The dynamics hampered acting as a relative expert, and we saw that this was shaped by an interplay of students’ individual epistemic competencies, shared assumptions about teamwork, and social context. The insights may help recognize dynamics and underlying factors that impair knowledge integration, and thereby inform targeted interventions to facilitate knowledge integration.

Bangladesh’s Role in a Free and Open Indo-Pacific

Bangladesh has recently promulgated its Indo-Pacific Outlook amid the growing U.S.-China rivalry. This article aims to critically analyze the Indo-Pacific Outlook to find the limitations and inherent ambiguities and, finally, provide policy recommendations by proposing a comprehensive strategy that Bangladesh must adopt for a free, open, and rules-based Indo-Pacific region. A thorough literature review has been conducted based on the latest research books and articles on this issue, Indo-Pacific Strategy papers of advanced democracies like theUnited States, and commentaries of renowned International Relations and Security experts. A comprehensive strategy has been proposed as opposed to the Indo-Pacific Outlook, and the proposed strategy has emphasized how Bangladesh can play a more significant role in the Indo-Pacific region to become a key player, given its geo-strategic position. The article proposes a new strategy for Bangladeshthat has a clear modus operandi and isfree from ambiguities.

복합적인 의사소통 요구를 가진 장애인을 위한 의사소통 지원센터 설립의 필요성 및 지역 확산을 위한 시사점

Background and Objectives: This study was conducted to understand the necessities, difficulties, and demands of the operation of the center. It aimed to draw future implications of regional expansion for the people involved and members related to the establishment of the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center in S city’. Method: The participants were 4 members of the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center’ in S city, and 1 member of the ‘Korea Brain Disease Human Rights Association’ who was involved in the establishment of the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center’. Qualitative analysis was performed through video interviews(ZOOM) and written surveys. Results: The results of the study could be reconstructed into a total of 3 major themes and 10 central themes, and the specific details are as follows. First, it was necessary to expand the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center’ to other cities and provinces so that the individuals with complex communication needs can receive communication-related services anywhere. Second, it showed that there were difficulties in establishing and operating the center due to an insufficient support system for communication with the disabled. There were also problems like lack of awareness of the right of the disabled to communicate, scarcity of competence of experts, or failure of cooperation between the disabled and related experts. Third, a fact-finding survey of the region must be entirely conducted for the successful operation of the center in the future, and an effective support system must be prepared by cooperating with the disabled rather than experts in the process. Conclusion: It needs to establish and operate a center that can play roles of improving awareness of the disabled, building a surrounding environment, and fostering experts to have an effective system for better communication rights for the disabled. The results of this study can serve as basic data for this.

Relational expertise among Finnish educators working in extended hours ECEC

ABSTRACT This study examined discourses and positions produced by educators (n = 31) on the topics of teamwork and professional expertise in extended hours early childhood education and care (ECEC). Theoretically, we follow the ideas of relational expertise and common knowledge. Previous research provides that relational expertise and creating common knowledge are useful in ECEC contexts, especially in teamwork. The data were collected by interviewing educators, and discursive psychology was applied in the analysis of the data. As results, we found two discursive tensions. In relation to teamwork the tension was working alone versus working in a team. In the topic of professional expertise, the tension was independent work orientation versus following instructions. The special features of extended hours ECEC, in particular time, frame the possibilities of building expertise relationally.

A comparison of younger and older burglars undertaking virtual burglaries: the development of skill and automaticity

Abstract Objectives The study examines the development of offence-related expertise over time and age in a sample of convicted burglars. Methods A quasi-experimental design was used to assess indicators of expertise in younger (n=36) and older (n=32) burglars as they completed a “virtual burglary”. It was predicted that (i) older burglars would use more efficient scoping and searching strategies than younger burglars, and (ii) older burglars would be more discerning in their selection of items to steal than younger burglars. Results Findings suggested that indicators of expertise were evident in both age groups however, compared to younger burglars, older burglars demonstrated more developed expertise in relation to items stolen and the efficiency of the search. Conclusions The research supports the role that expertise plays in offence-related decision-making across the criminal career. It provides additional support for the use of VR to assess offender expertise.

An interpretable XGBoost-based approach for Arctic navigation risk assessment.

The Northern Sea Route (NSR) makes travel between Europe and Asia shorter and quicker than a southern transit via the Strait of Malacca and Suez Canal. It provides greater access to Arctic resources such as oil and gas. As global warming accelerates, melting Arctic ice caps are likely to increase traffic in the NSR and enhance its commercial viability. Due to the harsh Arctic environment imposing threats to the safety of ship navigation, it is necessary to assess Arctic navigation risk to maintain shipping safety. Currently, most studies are focused on the conventional assessment of the risk, which lacks the validation based on actual data. In this study, actual data about Arctic navigation environment and related expert judgments were used to generate a structured data set. Based on the structured data set, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and alternative methods were used to establish models for the assessment of Arctic navigation risk, which were validated using cross-validation. The results show that compared with alternative models, XGBoost models have the best performance in terms of mean absolute errors and root mean squared errors. The XGBoost models can learn and reproduce expert judgments and knowledge for the assessment of Arctic navigation risk. Feature importance (FI) and shapley additive explanations (SHAP) are used to further interpret the relationship between input data and predictions. The application of XGBoost, FI, and SHAP is aimed to improve the safety of Arctic shipping using advanced artificial intelligence techniques. The validated assessment enhances the quality and robustness of assessment.

Validation of a Specific Phobia Questionnaire by University Students in Malaysia

Specific phobia is a subcategory of anxiety disorders that remains poor understanding due to inadequate screening tools. This study aimed to develop and validate a new Specific Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ). This SPQ was developed based on literature reviews and inputs from related experts for content validity. The SPQ questionnaire consisted of 14 items and after content validity and face validity testing procedure, 12 items were chosen for the final questionnaire. The questionnaire was then distributed via Google form to university students in Klang Valley. A total of 267 students participated in this study with 70.8% were female with mean age of 23.28 (Standard deviation of 4.98) years. Validity analysis using exploratory factor analysis from the final study indicated that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.77 and extracted three domains; animals, blood injection injury and situational-environment. Reliability analysis showed that Cronbach’s α values were 0.84, 0.86, 0.78 and 0.72 for the total items, animal, blood injection injury and situational-environment domains, respectively. The newly developed SPQ showed good reliability and validity for evaluating specific phobia.