Web Experience Research Articles

A web experience exploring spatio–linguistic data: the case of place-making signs in Northern Sweden

ABSTRACT Previous research has highlighted the limitations encountered in representing the dynamism of language use and contacts. Here, linguistic landscapes from five towns in Northern Sweden are the point of departure for investigating novel perspectives through the geovisualization of multilingualism, with the ultimate aim of understanding how languages in our surroundings help construct public spaces. As an outcome, a web GIS application, based on 6865 thematically analyzed photographs, was developed as an interactive resource for visualizing and sharing the data and enabling new modes of analysis and new research questions. The article describes the data collection and curation processes, app development using GIS software and software-as-a-service, the eventual app design and interaction, and the update and maintenance plans, as well as discussing challenges and considerations related to temporalities, spatialities, and technicalities. The web GIS has potential applications in spatial analysis, research communication, and education.

Proactive Phishing Website URL Scanner

The proliferation of phishing attacks represents a critical challenge to cybersecurity, necessitating the development of advanced detection systems. Our project, "Phishing Website Detection Using Machine Learning," aims to address this challenge by leveraging sophisticated machine learning algorithms to meticulously analyze and distinguish phishing websites from legitimate ones. By systematically examining various features and patterns within web content, such as URL anomalies, use of secure protocols, and other distinctive markers, the project seeks to accurately identify and classify phishing attempts. The approach encompasses comprehensive data collection, meticulous preprocessing to enhance data quality, and the employment of diverse machine learning models tailored for optimal performance in real-time detection scenarios. This endeavor not only focuses on enhancing online security measures but also on ensuring user-friendly interaction to facilitate widespread adoption. Through the integration of advanced machine learning techniques and a keen focus on the dynamic nature of cyber threats, this project endeavors to contribute significantly to the proactive defense against phishing attacks, thereby bolstering the integrity and trustworthiness of online spaces. A pivotal aspect of our methodology is the adoption of gradient boosting algorithms, a powerful ensemble learning technique renowned for its effectiveness in handling complex and nonlinear data. By integrating gradient boosting into our analysis, we significantly improve the model's ability to learn from and adapt to the intricacies of phishing website characteristics, ensuring a robust detection mechanism. This advanced algorithm iteratively corrects errors from previous models and combines weak predictors to form a strong predictive model, offering unparalleled accuracy in real-time phishing detection. The choice of gradient boosting reflects our commitment to employing cutting-edge technology to tackle the dynamic and evolving nature of cyber threats, balancing detection sensitivity with minimal false positives to ensure a seamless web experience for users.

Treatment of Symptomatic Carotid Webs: A Single-Center Review

IntroductionCarotid webs are abnormal thin shelf-like or flap-like tissue in the carotid bulb (proximal internal carotid artery). Rarely are carotid webs detected prior to symptoms since routine carotid artery surveillance is not performed in younger individuals without traditional risk factors for carotid disease. The cause and natural history remain unknown. In general, they are not common, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient who presents with ischemic neurologic symptoms. The web can create a flow disturbance, potentiating local thrombus formation, which can embolize producing resulting in cerebral ischemia. Current treatment is to reduce thrombus formation (antithrombotics and/or anticoagulation) or to alter the flow disturbance caused by the web (surgical removal or stent). MethodsWe retrospectively identified all patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke to our Comprehensive Stroke Center that were diagnosed with carotid web from January 2020 to December 2023. Patient demographics, presentation, hospital course including treatment and complications were collected and reported. ResultsFifteen patients presented with carotid web and stroke from 2020-2023 and 13 underwent carotid artery stenting or endarterectomy with no periprocedural complications. Most (40%) carotid webs were not primarily identified by the initial radiology interpretation. DiscussionWe discuss our experience of carotid web and its management as well as review of the current literature.

Revolutionary 3D Design with AI

The 3D design delves into the creation and deployment of an innovative web experience that seamlessly merges Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology and captivating 3D visuals within a React-based framework. It demonstrates the utilization of AI algorithms for enhancing user interactivity, personalization, and the creation of dynamic 3D elements, fostering a captivating user experience. Embark on a transformative journey into the heart of fashion's evolution, this unveils a paradigm-shifting collaboration between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and 3D cloth design, heralding a new era of creativity and innovation within the fashion industry. This explores the fusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with 3D cloth design, revolutionizing the fashion industry's creative landscape. Integrating AI into cloth design processes allows for swift ideation, realistic simulations, and diverse fabric explorations, empowering designers to redefine fashion concepts efficiently. Key Words: AI,3D, Design.

Introducing Students to Web Engineering Topics by Teaching Web Augmentation

Web augmentation has gained prominence as a promising approach to elevate the user experience by tailoring web content to meet diverse user needs and preferences. It offers the potential to enhance accessibility and personalization, making web experiences more engaging and inclusive. This research study examines the use of web augmentation in the context of web engineering education and its influence on student motivation. The study investigates how the integration of web augmentation techniques motivates students and enhances their learning experience. A questionnaire was administered to gather data on student perceptions and motivation levels following their exposure to web augmentation in the web engineering subject. The findings reveal that the implementation of web augmentation in the web engineering subject has positively motivated students. Students express a strong preference for web augmentation as a learning tool, citing increased engagement and a more interactive learning environment. The findings support the adoption of web augmentation techniques as a valuable pedagogical tool, enhancing the learning experience and fostering student engagement. This study contributes to the field by addressing the gap in related work that focuses on the use of web augmentation specifically in educational settings.

Co-design of 'Ways of Being', a web-based experience to optimise online arts and culture for mental health in young people.

We aimed to co-design an intervention optimising the benefits of online arts and culture for mental health in young people for subsequent testing in a trial. Co-design followed the double diamond phases of design, discover, define, develop and deliver. Navigating the views of all co-designers to produce a testable resource demanded in-depth understanding, and frequent iterations in multiple modalities of the theoretical basis of the intervention, amplification of youth voice and commitment to a common goal. Co-design with a broad range of collaborators with a shared vision was valued by young co-designers and produced an effective intervention. Co-design allowed the theoretical basis to be followed and refined to create an engaging, practical and testable web experience, aiming to optimise the mental health benefits of online arts and culture for young people in a randomised controlled trial.

Advancing Web Development - Enhancing Component-Based Software Engineering and Design Systems Through HTML5 Customized Built-in Elements

The evolution of web development has been significantly influenced by the introduction of HTML5 Web Components, particularly customized built-in elements. This paper explores the transformative impact of these elements on Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE) and Design Systems. Customized builtin elements, as an integral part of the Web Components standard, offer unparalleled flexibility and functionality, enabling developers to create bespoke HTML elements that encapsulate specific behaviors and styles. This adaptability is pivotal for CBSE, facilitating the modularization of complex applications into more manageable components. This research delves into how customized built-in elements enhance Design Systems, ensuring visual consistency and superior user experience across digital applications. By adapting these elements to align with an application's design language and brand identity, a seamless and visually cohesive interface is achieved. The paper also examines the cross-browser compatibility, performance optimization, and security considerations associated with implementing these elements, emphasizing their critical role in efficient web application integration. Furthermore, the paper highlights the significance of these elements in contemporary web development scenarios, including Internet of Things (IoT) applications, e-commerce platforms, and educational technologies. The interaction of these components with Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) is also explored, showcasing potential improvements in web experiences. In conclusion, the paper underscores the necessity of addressing challenges such as browser standardization and developer tooling to fully realize the potential of HTML5 customized built-in elements. The discussion concludes with an outlook on the future of these elements, projecting their continuing influence in advancing the field of web development.

Missed opportunities to provide sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections testing in British Columbia: An interpretive description of users' experiences of Get Checked Online's design and implementation.

Digital testing services for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs), such as GetCheckedOnline, experience significant user drop-offs. For example, 32% of GetCheckedOnline users needing testing at account creation do not test, constituting missed opportunities. We explored the influence of users' expectations and experiences of GetCheckedOnline's web design and implementation on missed opportunities. This interpretive description purposively sampled 14 GetCheckedOnline users who created accounts between April 2022 and February 2023, indicated needed testing at account creation but did not test. We conducted semi-structured interviews and cognitive walkthroughs of GetCheckedOnline on Zoom, exploring participants' expectations and experiences, including problems using the service. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analyses. Three themes were identified: (a) transitioning between GetCheckedOnline and laboratory services is a major testing barrier; (b) users' appraisal of their health and social contexts is a determinant of testing through GetCheckedOnline; and (c) tailoring GetCheckedOnline's design and implementation to accommodate varying user needs can promote equitable testing. Health equity issues occurred along sociodemographic gradients as the GetCheckedOnline-laboratory transition was more onerous for older users. Users' appraisal of their testing needs which varied by age and gender, and their assessment of time, and travel requirements for testing in remote communities influenced testing. Learning about GetCheckedOnline from healthcare providers improved testing compared with learning about the service through Google search which raised trust concerns regarding GetCheckedOnline's authenticity. Suggested improvements to promote health equity include personalized education, mail-in testing options, and simpler seamless web experiences. To promote equitable access to digital STBBI testing services such as GetCheckedOnline, we can adapt web-design and implementation to suit user needs and contexts, ensuring simplicity and options for testing that reduce user burdens.

Understanding Trust Drivers of S-commerce

Trust has emerged as a pillar in the acceptance and use of new technologies in the ever-changing digital landscape, notably in the booming field of social commerce. The importance of this study lies in the fact that it explores in-depth the aspects of customer trust in Instashopping using new constructs that have yet to be explored in s-commerce literature. Focusing on Instashopping, the research proposed a multi-dimensional model of trust to examine the dynamics of user trust in social commerce platforms and analyses the effects of various factors, including institution-based trust, disposition to trust, personal inventiveness, perceived page quality, and overall web experience. Structural equation modelling and confirmatory factor analysis were used to examine data from 267 responses in a survey of university students in the United Arab Emirates who have used Instagram for shopping. The analysis showed that user trust and trusting beliefs were significantly influenced by the disposition to trust, institution-based trust, and general web experience. Still, no significant association was found between perceived site quality and trusting beliefs. These findings highlight the crucial part that user trust plays in social commerce platform success and how important it is for online platforms to build and maintain user trust. The work also contributes theoretically to the knowledge body by comprehensively analysing trust dynamics in social commerce. In practice, the knowledge gained can help organisations plan their strategy for gaining and keeping client trust, which is essential for long-term success in the digital arena. To ensure long-term success, organisations must emphasise building and maintaining customer trust.

Analysis of Users Balance Between Private and Public -- One Case from the TikTok

Information privacy is of paramount importance to everyone, but there are many Internet users privacy leaks. But inevitably, internet users need to provide some information of their own to satisfy a better web experience. Therefore, it is necessary to study the balance between personal information sharing and personal privacy. The studys goal is to develop a mathematical model that quantifies the trade-offs between individuals and society regarding the disclosure of private information. In the process of research, researchers use targeted questionnaires to obtain first-hand raw data, analyze users choices between sharing personal data and protecting personal privacy, and obtain users preferences for privacy protection measures. Through multi-dimensional statistical analysis of the questionnaire results, this paper reflects the current users awareness of personal privacy protection and the publics attitude towards the current phenomenon of privacy acquisition on social media. Furthermore, based on the original data of the questionnaire, it provides effective suggestions for researchers to modify the privacy protection policies of media platforms.

Understanding and Detecting Hateful Content Using Contrastive Learning

The spread of hate speech and hateful imagery on the Web is a significant problem that needs to be mitigated to improve our Web experience. This work contributes to research efforts to detect and understand hateful content on the Web by undertaking a multimodal analysis of Antisemitism and Islamophobia on 4chan’s /pol/ using OpenAI’s CLIP. This large pre-trained model uses the Contrastive Learning paradigm. We devise a methodology to identify a set of Antisemitic and Islamophobic hateful textual phrases using Google’s Perspective API and manual annotations. Then, we use OpenAI’s CLIP to identify images that are highly similar to our Antisemitic/Islamophobic textual phrases. By running our methodology on a dataset that includes 66M posts and 5.8M images shared on 4chan’s /pol/ for 18 months, we detect 173K posts containing 21K Antisemitic/Islamophobic images and 246K posts that include 420 hateful phrases. Among other things, we find that we can use OpenAI’s CLIP model to detect hateful content with an accuracy score of 0.81 (F1 score = 0.54). By comparing CLIP with two baselines proposed by the literature, we find that CLIP outperforms them, in terms of accuracy, precision, and F1 score, in detecting Antisemitic/Islamophobic images. Also, we find that Antisemitic/Islamophobic imagery is shared in a similar number of posts on 4chan’s /pol/ compared to Antisemitic/Islamophobic textual phrases, highlighting the need to design more tools for detecting hateful imagery. Finally, we make available (upon request) a dataset of 246K posts containing 420 Antisemitic/Islamophobic phrases and 21K likely Antisemitic/Islamophobic images (automatically detected by CLIP) that can assist researchers in further understanding Antisemitism and Islamophobia.

Social Sphere: A MERN Stack Social Media App

Abstract: In today's ever-evolving tech industry, there is a significant surge in the demand for full-stack developers. Reports suggest that skilled professionals in this field, particularly in the United States, can expect remarkable average profits, with figures reaching as high as $110,770, according to Real. A full-stack developer is an individual who possesses the technical expertise to handle both the front-end and back-end aspects of dynamic websites and internet-based applications. Web development often revolves around frameworks like the LAMP stack (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP/Perl) and Java (Java EE, Spring), which incorporate a combination of programming languages. Additionally, JavaScript plays a crucial role in enhancing web experiences, enabling developers to leverage the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js). This comprehensive technology stack empowers developers to effectively address user interface requirements and server-side operations

Performance and improvements of TCP CUBIC in low-delay cellular networks

Growing Internet usage on mobile devices in cellular networks makes it increasingly important to assure good performance for web traffic, which often consists of many short-lived TCP flows. For TCP, and in the future likely also for QUIC, CUBIC is the most widely deployed congestion control algorithm. With Linux, HyStart is used as default Slow Start algorithm. In this paper we investigate performance impairments occurring when the combination of CUBIC and HyStart is used in low-delay cellular networks. To explain the problem in detail, we present measurements of characteristic per-packet round-trip times caused by uplink scheduling in mobile networks. Inherent round-trip time variations often trigger an early exit of Slow Start, causing CUBIC to underutilize the available capacity. In addition, we extend earlier throughput models for TCP CUBIC to accurately estimate the throughput for short-lived flows as a function of the congestion window size at the Slow Start exit point. We validate the model by measurement results. Further, we propose two HyStart improvements enhancing TCP CUBIC’s performance significantly. In our LTE testbed the mean throughput of a 5MB data transfer increases by 10.5%. Given the nature of web traffic, these fixes can improve the web experience of users noticeably. This shows the importance of measurements, testing, and subsequent optimizations when designing and evaluating transport and congestion control mechanisms for mobile networks.

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Embraces Accessibility

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 1 in 4 Americans have a disability.1 As the population ages, there is an increased need for technology and accessibility (equal access), including Web accessibility. Accessibility is often defined in terms of 2 distinct measures: compliance with standards and usability for people with disabilities. The most common accessibility guidelines are the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0/2.1 and the Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act. They are written to support the accessibility of HTML content. According to the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative, “Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them.”² Business owners, medical writers, technical editors, social media managers, Web designers, and information technology administrators play a critical role in ensuring a better Web experience for all of us. In this article, we share practical ideas for you to show your commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion with changes you can make to your website and content today. Accessibility solutions, such as using image alternative text, camel case in hashtags, white space around headings, margins, indentations, and columns, and strategically using fonts and color contrasting, are a few of many effective ways to provide accessible content to a larger audience. We also share other ways to address accessibility with creative strategies, such as podcasting. For medical communicators, strategies in communication, such as descriptive language and the use of storytelling techniques, are vital to ensuring your audience has a clear understanding of the message.

User Classification Model for Quality of Web Experience

User Classification Model for Quality of Web Experience

User Classification Model for Quality of Web Experience

User Classification Model for Quality of Web Experience

Customer Relationships, Privacy, and Security in Social Commerce

ABSTRACT Social commerce is a new development in e-commerce and social networks. Consumers belonging to various social communities of interest often rely on information generated by these communities to make online purchase decisions. This empirical research study explores the relational and security aspects of social commerce. It looks at technology-enabled customer relationship quality, privacy, and security protection as determinants of social commerce decisions. The results show that the web experience and online convenience delivered through the social commerce provider website positively influence the perceived customer relationship quality as a driver of social commerce purchase and sharing behavior. Additionally, the study finds that while perceived security protection is still a significant influencer of social commerce decisions, perceived privacy protection is no longer a primary customer concern.

How personal characteristics impact phishing susceptibility: The mediating role of mail processing

In the phishing email literature, recent researchers have given much attention to individual differences in phishing susceptibility from the perspective of the Big Five personality traits. Although the effectiveness and advantages of the phishing susceptibility measures in the signal detection theory (SDT) framework have been verified, the cognitive mechanisms that lead to individual differences in these measures remain unknown. The current study proposed and examined a theoretical path model to explore how the Big Five personality traits, related knowledge and experience and the cognitive processing of emails (i.e., mail elaboration) influence users’ susceptibility to phishing emails. A sample of 414 Chinese participants completed the 44-item Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI-44), Mail Elaboration Scale (MES), Web Experience Questionnaire, Experience with Electronic Mail Scale, Knowledge and Technical Background Test and a demographic questionnaire. The phishing susceptibility measures were calculated after the participants finished an email legitimacy task in a role-playing scenario. The results showed that the general profile of the “victim personality” included low conscientiousness, low openness and high neuroticism, and Internet experience and computer and web knowledge played an important role. All of these factors have significant indirect effects on phishing susceptibility by influencing mail elaboration. Moreover, the probabilities of checking for further information or deleting the email reflect the sensitivity of email judgment. These findings reveal the mediating role of cognitive processing between individual factors and phishing susceptibility. The theoretical implications of this study for the phishing susceptibility literature and its applications to phishing risk interventions or training programs are discussed.

Immediacy and Hypermediacy: mind the oscillation

This paper considers that web design comprehends the notion of transparency (immediacy) as a mean to support user immersion. But it also comprehends the notion of opaque (hypermediacy) as a mean to support interactivity. Therefore, the user oscillates between being immersed on the content and interacting with the interface, and this oscillation might disrupt the making sense process. We argue that the creative oscillation between immediacy and hypermediacy can enhance reality and thus support meaningful web experience. To this end, this paper investigates the role of agency to sustain oscillation between immediacy and hypermediacy in a website. Thus, this paper starts reviewing some of the works that instantiate narrative in design and those that focus on the agency that is experienced when interacting with a computer. Thus, agency is used as an analytical lens to investigate how interface design was used to specific outcomes in retail context: a sense of aesthetic, service excellence, playfulness and consumer return on investment. In order to that, it is performed a close reading in two versions of two specific genres of websites to understand how remediation changed over time and its implication on agency. The first genre is service design, and the second is product design. The results suggest that those design that privilege narrative and cognitive interactivity intend to provoke a sense of aesthetic and service excellence. The results also suggest that those websites that privilege explicit interactivity intend to provoke a sense of playfulness and consumer return on investment. In addition, a creative oscillation between immediacy and hypermediacy enhance reality and support meaningful user experience. In addition, this paper identifies some of the signifiers that support different levels of agency. Finally, exploring the oscillation between immediacy (transparency) and hypermediation (reflectivity) creates meaning to the experience because it acknowledges the interface and the role it plays in presenting reality.

Buying Perfume in the Digital Age: A Study on E-Shoppers’ Perceptions and Typologies

Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study aims to shed light on the factors that facilitate online purchase of perfume. It specifically: 1) explores the antecedents of online purchase behaviour in the case of experience goods; 2) analyses the motivations, perceived benefits and perceived risks associated with online purchase of perfume; and 3) identifies perfume e-shoppers’ profiles. Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative research approach involving interviewing 27 perfume e-shoppers from Brazil, Iran and Portugal was adopted. Research findings: The findings of this study reveal that there are three types of perfume e-shoppers: 1) experienced e-shoppers, 2) bargain e-seekers, and 3) expert e-shoppers. Competitive prices, enjoyable online experiences and greater varieties of perfumes are among the perceived benefits that motivate the online shoppers. The inability to test the perfumes, particularly those that are never tried before, appears to be the major drawback. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study provides interesting cues on a topic that has so far been disregarded by the literature despite its growing importance as a business sector—online purchase of perfumes. It offers the categorisation of three e-shopper profiles, based on consumers’ narratives, and highlighted the importance of further addressing the dynamic nature of consumer behaviours, particularly in the online context. Practitioner/Policy implications: The findings show that the main trigger of buying perfume online is the price discounts, which is particularly important to less experienced Web shoppers. This indicates that experience goods such as perfume should, at the initial stage, be sold in stores that offer an assortment of products. Online perfume stores should consider alternatives to provide perfume testing. Research limitation/Implications: Purposive sampling does not allow results’ generalisation; hence future research is needed to further validate the findings.