Experience In Use Research Articles

Citizen weather stations data for monitoring applications and urban climate research: an example of Moscow megacity

This study considers experience in use of crowdsourced meteorological observations from the world’s biggest network of citizen weather stations (CWSs), Netatmo, for urban climate research and applied monitoring services on the example of Moscow megacity. Crowdsourcing paradigm is an emerging alternative to the development of expensive urban meteorological networks. We have experimentally evaluated the uncertainties of the Netatmo temperature observations and regard them as being acceptable when the stations are shadowed from the sun. In order to filter out the misrepresentative observations, a quality-control algorithm has been developed. Within more than 1500 CWSs in the Moscow region, only about 25% meet this quality control, which is still one order of magnitude higher than the number of official Roshydromet weather stations in the study area. Such amount of data opens new opportunities for spatially-resolving urban climate studies and for applied services. As an example of the latter, we present a prototype of a web-mapping application for a near-real-time temperature monitoring system in Moscow. The application’s backend includes automatic services for downloading of observations from Netatmo and official Roshydromet networks, as well as for database maintaining. The processed data are visualized interactively in a web browser. The application is available on the Internet at http://carto.geogr.msu.ru/mosclim/. It will be further developed to include a real-time thermal comfort assessment based on the contemporary PET and UTCI biometeorological indices, a visualization of the interpolated fields, and other improvements.

Application of digital technologies in nursing practice: Results of a mixed methods study on nurses’ experiences, needs and perspectives

IntroductionEven though the importance of nurses’ participation in the process of technology development is frequently stressed by stakeholders, participation has been described as negligible and limited by nurses’ abilities to identify and communicate their needs and ideas for application scenarios or the improvement of digital nursing technologies (DNT) in everyday care practice. Prior research often uses hypothetical scenarios or laboratory settings with little real-world relevance, and the number of studies investigating needs for technology development, application scenarios or requested technologies from the perspective of nurses with experience in technology use is exceedingly small. Against this background, this study aims to investigate needs, application scenarios and perspectives of nurses with practical experience in real-world DNT application in a range of different care settings. MethodsAn explanatory sequential mixed methods design including an online survey (QUANT) and focus group (FG) discussions (qual) was used to explore nurses’ perspectives and experiences. A convenience sample of participants was accessed via 19,000 e-mail contacts of directors of nursing (DONs) in care facilities and hospitals throughout Germany. Preliminary results of the online survey were discussed and elaborated in depth in three FGs. Quantitative results of the online survey were included in the development of the interview guideline for and data collection from the FGs. Descriptive, setting-specific analysis was conducted for quantitative data, and qualitative data was analysed by identifying key aspects. ResultsA total of 1,335 participants took part in the online survey, most of whom worked in ambulatory care institutions and held management positions such as DON or team leader. There were 14 FG participants. Ninety-five per cent of the participants of the online survey reported having experience in the use of DNT, predominantly with information and communication technologies (ICT). Overall, DNT were deemed to make work easier, and participants concurred on other positive effects such as increased efficiency or saved time and improved quality of care. Negative effects or concerns were reported less frequently. Reasons for non-adoption included technology-related (e.g. usability, functionality) and non-technology-related (e.g. competencies and context factors) issues, and facilitators for adoption were discussed in the FGs. Key aspects of application scenarios were enhanced technological support of direct nursing care tasks to reduce physical burden and mental stressors. Specifically, participants of the FGs expressed their wish for participative development and a general openness for nurses to be included in the development and testing of digital technologies. Discussion and conclusionAlthough efforts in development, research and theory-building have been increasing over recent years, DNT that go beyond more traditional or common applications within the ICT category (such as electronic nursing records or process planning) are rare. There are already technologies available for many of the expressed needs for which, however, adoption fails or does not happen. The reported barriers and facilitators indicate issues that should be taken into account when developing DNT for application in nursing practice. The study reveals a distinct need for information, counselling, facilitation and organizational development, and brings to light broad opportunities for the collaborative development of guided DNT implementation and evaluation processes. Future development and research activities should preferably be conducted by interdisciplinary research groups.

A qualitative study exploring the lived experience of medication use in different disease states: Linking experiences of disease symptoms to medication adherence.

Medication non-adherence leads to negative health outcomes. Medication adherence is predicted if patients understand the necessity of medication use to control disease symptoms and progression. It could be expected then, that patients with diseases with symptoms which are managed with medications, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder or gout, or diseases with high-mortality rates, such as cancer, would have higher adherence rates than asymptomatic diseases, such as hypertension. However, poor medication adherence remains problematic in both symptomatic and asymptomatic diseases. Further work is needed to explore patient experiences of medication adherence to understand the link between adherence and symptom control. To explore patients' lived experiences of medication adherence. Participants were recruited from community pharmacies and general practices. Forty-one semi-structured interviews and three focus groups were used to collect data from patients with disease states that had different symptomatic and asymptomatic profiles. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify key parts of the experience of using medications. Participants reported similar experiences of medication adherence despite having different disease symptoms. Participants said that they used medications because it was an expected part of everyday life and that medications 'must be needed' because they had been supplied, rather than being used for a particular symptom. Participants reported short-term episodes of non-adherence were unlikely to lead to negative health outcomes but may result in negative social consequences. The findings broaden our understanding of patient experiences of medication use by indicating patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic diseases share similar experiences of medication use. The necessity to use medications appeared to come from 'the system' of healthcare professionals, family and friends that supply and recommend medications. There were key similarities in experiences of medication adherence in patients with different disease states. The negative consequences of short-term episodes of non-adherence were normalized by healthcare professionals. Patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic diseases share similar experiences of medication adherence.

Carboxytherapy in the practice of an occupational pathologist: experience of use in cervical dorsopathy in workers of harmful professions

The task of ensuring the working capacity of the country’s industrial potential is to preserve the health of employees of enterprises with harmful working conditions. High rates of general morbidity and disability of the working population due to vertebrogenic diseases of the spine, the genesis of which is associated with organ overstrain, microtraumatization and vibration exposure, make the problem of treatment, prevention and rehabilitation of this pathology a priority in occupational medicine. In the present study, the expediency of using carboxytherapy in the treatment of cervical dorsopathies in 2 groups of patients working in harmful professions has been studied, in one of which, along with basic drug treatment, physiotherapy exercises and massage, injections of purified carbon dioxide into paravertebral points are included in the complex of therapy. At the end of the course of treatment in the group of patients receiving carboxytherapy, a more significant improvement in clinical and electrophysiological parameters was achieved: a decrease in the intensity of pain syndrome according to a visual analogue scale by 73.3 %, myofascial syndrome by 33.3 %, expansion of the range of motion by 40 %; according to stimulation electroneuromyography and rheovasography — improvement of nerve impulse conduction along the peripheral nerves of the upper extremities and the roots of the C6–8 — Th1 spinal nerves by 35 %, the hemodynamics of peripheral blood vessels of the upper extremities by 45 %. The extensive physiological properties of carbon dioxide, the availability and safety of the method, the absence of negative consequences, the effectiveness shown in the study allows us to recommend the use of carboxytherapy in occupational pathological practice in the treatment of vertebrogenic reflex syndromes in workers in hazardous occupations.

Design as Collaborative Connection between User, Technology and Cultural Context

Contemporary society is characterized by changes that affect the way we interact with the surrounding environment, in everyday life as well as in the fruition of Cultural Heritage. We are witnessing digital transformations that change the methods of communication and offer new forms of information and dissemination of knowledge, through technological devices that improve the quality and experience of use as well as ensuring monitoring, enhancement and protection of the Heritage. Technological innovations, combined with new forms of interaction and dissemination of information that respect and guarantee accessibility and usability, become essential factors in order to support new ways of awareness and knowledge of culture. The paper gives an overview of digital and robotic systems able to establish new forms of dialogue and promotion of knowledge, through an interaction aimed at accessibility, inclusion and definition of new forms of shared and participatory creativity in which different knowledge and experiences converge. Through a critical-analytical analysis of these systems it will be possible to define the role of design in the configuration of new forms of communication and modes of interaction in order to improve the enhancement and enjoyment of Cultural Heritage. The new possibilities dictated by technological innovation represent the development tools for new models and processes of redefinition of the Cultural Heritage sector and design as an innovator becomes the “tool” for connecting the user, the technology and the context in which it benefits, thus increasing the experiential value and the dissemination of content to a wider audience.

Analysis of experience of the use of plastic cannulas in Spanish haemodialysis units.

Plastic cannulas (PC) have shown efficacy in haemodialysis (HD) and are presented as a positive innovation for patients and vascular access survival. To analyse Spanish HD nurses' experience of using PC. Cross-sectional observational study. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered on nurses' experience of PC use. A total of 163 Spanish HD nurses were surveyed, of whom 42.3% had PC in their workplace and 50.9% had used them. In all, 55.8% had received training and 77.9% wished to receive more training. These needles were significantly more available in public institutions than in private centres (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between years of experience and having received training (p = 0.915). There was a moderate-strong correlation (ρ = 0.659) between greater professional satisfaction with the product and greater patient satisfaction (p < 0.001). The nurses would make a median of two [P25 , 1; P75 , 3] modifications in the product design. The characteristics of the PC were rated positively by 55.8% and negatively by 10.3%. A substantial proportion of the nurses surveyed did not use PC and had not received training in their use. Respondents reported that PC could be improved and a small percentage perceived them negatively. Based on the evidence presented and available, if we manage to integrate this knowledge and work on the continuum of achieving excellence, we will continue to grow as a profession and provide higher quality care.

STUDYING OF INFLUENCE OF WATER EXTRACTION FROM OATS OF THE PERSON, SOWING ON REPRESENTATIVES OF THE MICROBIOTA

In recent years increase in production of complex medicines on the basis of the medicinal vegetable raw materials enriched or fermented by the bacterial cul-tures playing an essential role in functioning of a mi-crobiota and, respectively, maintenance of human health is noted. Such medicines are capable to nor-malize effectively the physiological status of a macro-organism that is very important for athletes who need restoration after intensive physical activities. Successful experience of use of water extraction of oats of recovery process, sowing as means, confirms expediency of creation and application of joint com-positions with pro-biotic cultures. The research in vitro of influence of this vegetable substance on cul-tural properties of production strains lakto-and the bifidobacteria allocated from the person allows to estimate qualitatively and quantitatively prebiotic effect of oats sowing and compatibility of potential components of the complex medicines possessing adaptogens and pro-biotic action.

Joy of Learning Through Internet Memes

The currency of today’s social media is influence. The influence is any action or reaction by which you can drive your thoughts on people’s mind through social platforms. Internet memes are getting very popular in today’s generation. With the rise of technology and technological devices, the ability of concentration of young minds has drastically reduced. In a typical case, the classroom-based teaching tools like blackboard, PPT, videos are no more appreciated by the newer generation. This is because today's generation is practical oriented and wants skills to acquire and do not want traditional teaching which enforce memory rather than knowledge. They want class-room-based teaching methods to be innovative. Looking at the popularity of the memes, the paper shares and experiences of use of internet memes from existing papers available on the internet. Based on the available literature survey, the two research questions were formed in order to examine the perception on memes in student’s mind. The survey of 201 student population is statistically analysed and hypothesis testing was also conducted. It is over-served that students are more positively agree to use of memes in classroom teaching. Another viewpoint in this paper is the use of memes are incorporated in test papers. The acceptance of inclusion of memes in mid-term test papers proves that learning through memes is now new normal in today’s generation.

Medical interns\u2019 reflections on their training in use of personal protective equipment

BackgroundThe current COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential, to prevent the acquisition and transmission of infectious diseases, yet its use is often sub-optimal in the clinical setting. Training and education are important to ensure and sustain the safe and effective use of PPE by medical interns, but current methods are often inadequate in providing the relevant knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study was to explore medical graduates’ experiences of the use of PPE and identify opportunities for improvement in education and training programmes, to improve occupational and patient safety.MethodsThis study was undertaken in 2018 in a large tertiary-care teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia, to explore medical interns’ self-reported experiences of PPE use, at the beginning of their internship. Reflexive groups were conducted immediately after theoretical and practical PPE training, during hospital orientation. Transcripts of recorded discussions were analysed, using a thematic approach that drew on the COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation - behaviour) framework for behaviour.Results80% of 90 eligible graduates participated. Many interns had not previously received formal training in the specific skills required for optimal PPE use and had developed potentially unsafe habits. Their experiences as medical students in clinical areas contrasted sharply with recommended practice taught at hospital orientation and impacted on their ability to cultivate correct PPE use.ConclusionsUndergraduate teaching should be consistent with best practice PPE use, and include practical training that embeds correct and safe practices.

10 year institutional experience of use of buccal mucosal grafts for complex urethral reconstruction for varied indications with its outcome

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate long term efficacy and outcome of use of buccal mucosal graft (BMG) for urethral reconstruction in varied urologic conditions in children.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 41 patients from 2009 till 2019 in our institution in which BMG was used for urethral reconstruction. Clinical findings along with surgical techniques used were noted for these patients. Postoperative outcome and complications were evaluated.Results: Mean age was 6.8 years and mean follow up was for 4 years. Out of 41 patients, BMG for substitution urethroplasty was used in 25 cases of hypospadias, 4 cases of urethral stricture, 6 cases of 46 XY disorders of sexual disorders, 4 cases of Y-duplication of urethra, and 2 cases of redo-epispadias repair. 11 patients underwent one stage repairs with a success rate of 63% and 30 patients underwent two stage repair with a success rate of 66%. Analysis and comparison of the outcome in relation to the type of repair, meatal position and number of surgical procedures prior to BMG urethroplasty was statistically insignificant.Conclusions: Buccal mucosa is an ideal graft substitute for urethroplasty. Two stage reconstructions has a slightly higher success rate than one stage reconstruction but the choice of the technique must be based on patients characteristics and on surgeons preference.

Antibiotic Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Use Among Early Years Medical and Non-medical Students in Tanzania

Background and aim of the study: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been called one of the greatest threats of the century worldwide. Self-treatment with antibiotics impacts the most on AMR. High-income countries have been conscious of the problem for several years, while Tanzania shows the increasing trend of self-medication with antibacterial. We aimed to assess and compare knowledge and antibiotics use experience among Tanzanian medical (MD) and non-medical (non-MD) students. Methods: The current study was conducted in the largest Tanzanian university, the University of Dodoma. The study was based on questionnaire survey, which included questions regarding knowledge and experience of use of antibiotics, and socioeconomic situation of the respondent. Results: Medical students were found to be more educated about antimicrobials. Although no significant difference in antibiotics use among MD and non-MD was observed and MD had slightly higher percentage of self-treatment experience, factors associated with the self-treatment were different: educational for medical students and economic factor for non-medical. Analysis of antibiotic trends showed Ampicillin, Amoxicillin and others from Penicillin group to be the most popular among both of groups. Nevertheless, many students confused antibiotics, pain killers and antiallergic drugs. Conclusion: In general, results could have been predicted. The higher prevalence of self-treatment among early-years MD students, AMR illiteracy and common attitude to antibiotics proved again the necessity of antibiotic use guidance and control in the country.

Experience in use of biological coatings in complex treatment of extensive burn wounds

The article presents the experience of successful surgical treatment of a patient with a severe burn injury using biological wound coatings with cadaveric skin grafts and dermal matrix afer wound debridement. Each of the presented biological coatings was evaluated on the basis of their clinical effectiveness (general condition of the patient, stage of the wound-healing process) and the results of microscopic examination of histological material during preparation of wounds for autotransplantation.

Опыт применения миноциклина в суточной дозировке 50 мг и топической терапии пациентов с вульгарным акне

Опыт применения миноциклина в суточной дозировке 50 мг и топической терапии пациентов с вульгарным акне

Experience of Use of the Drug Nasomer® After Adenectomy in Children

Adenectomy is the most common surgical procedure in children. After successful adenectomy, proper care of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in the postoperative period is important.The objective: of the clinical study was to study the effectiveness of the drug Nasomer® after adenectomy in children.Materials and methods. We observed 60 patients with adenoid vegetations aged 2 to 12 years in the clinic. There were 26 girls and 34 boys. Adenoid vegetations of the second degree took place in 26.7 %, third degree – in 73.3 %. Children were randomly divided into two groups, comparable in age, sex, clinical diagnoses. The 1st group (main) included 30 children after adenotomy who received standard therapy with the inclusion of the drug Nasomer® for 14 days in age doses. The 2nd group (control) included 30 children after adenotomy who did not use the drug Nasomer®.Results. The use of the drug Nasomer® in the complex treatment of children after adenectomy helped reduce redness and swelling of the nasal mucosa, cessation of mucous secretions from the nasal cavity, faster healing of postoperative wounds, restoration of nasal breathing in a shorter time compared to the control group. No side effects were detected when using the drug Nasomer® in any case.Conclusions. The use of Nasomer® after adenotomy improves mucociliary transport, improves the evacuation of infectious agents from the nasal cavity and increases the effectiveness of rehabilitation of children in the postoperative period.

Cough in patient with concomitant allergic pathology

Cough is among the most common complaints for which patients seek medical attention. This symptom is often caused by pathology of the respiratory system. The need for the treatment of cough as such, that is, prescription of the so-called antitussive drugs, arises mainly in patient with nonproductive, dry, persistent cough. Antitussive drugs are amongst the most widely used medications worldwide. Dextromethorphan is one of the safe and effective over-the-counter cough medicines.In clinical practice, we can often see a combination of an allergic and infectious process in one patient. Against the background of allergies, conditions are created for the accession of a secondary infection or the occurrence of an infectious disease. The second generation antihistamine drug levocetirizine prevents the development and facilitates the course of allergic reactions, and also has decongestant, antipruritic, and antiinflammatory effects.Thus, given the presence of an allergic pathology or a burdened allergic history, clinical symptoms, the nature of the cough (dry, nasal, unproductive, does not help clear the airways, is difficult for patients to tolerate, leads to sleep disturbances), it seems reasonable and advisable to prescribe a combined drug, which contains antitussive and antihistamine components.The drug Cetlo® Plus is presented on the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market, 1 tablet of which contains dextromethorphan hydrobromide 7,5 mg and levocetirizine dihydrochloride 5 mg. The active substances are safe and very well studied, incl. and their interactions with other drugs used in the treatment of concomitant diseases, their clinical effect is predictable. The synergistic therapeutic effect of dextromethorphan and levocetirizine allows for the pathogenetic and symptomatic effects on dry cough in patients with respiratory tract infections and concomitant allergic pathology. A simple regimen for adult patients and adolescents from 12 years old – 1 tablet 1 time per day. The experience of use has proven the effectiveness and good tolerance of the drug, therefore Cetlo® Plus can be recommended for widespread use in clinical practice by a therapist and family doctor.

Use of totally implantable venous port systems in children hematology clinic

Relevance.Reliable and long-term venous access is one of the most important condition for a successful leukemia therapy in children. Safe and convenient access to a central vein allows to provide chemotherapy, adjuvant treatment, parenteral nutrition and blood transfusion. It decreases the likelihood of phlebitis development and reduction of the peripheral venous network in comparison with peripheral venous access. The use of totally implantable venous port systems reduces risks of severe complications associated with re-catheterization of the central vein thus it improves patient’s quality of life.The purpose of the studyis a retrospective assessment of the experience of use and analysis of the complications of totally implantable venous port systems in children with diseases of the blood system.Materials and methods.The data of 61 patients of the pediatric hematology clinic with venous port systems have been analyzed.Results.Perioperative complications developed in 3 (4.9 %) patients Median time of using of port systems was 679 catheter-days. Delayed complications requiring removal of the device developed in 8 (13.1 %) patients. Infectious complications were the reason for device removal in 3 (2.9 %) patients, mechanical complications in 5 (8.2 %) patients. No thrombotic complications were found.Conclusions.The use of venous port systems in children with hematologic diseases for a long period of time is an effective and safe way for central venous access providing.

Компьютер как новая реальность математики. I. Personal account

In the last decades there was much ado about computer proofs, computer aided proofs, computer verified proofs, etc. It is obvious that the advent and proliferation of computers have drastically changed applications of mathematics. What one discusses much less, however, is how computers changed mathematics itself, and mathematicians’ stance in regard of mathematical reality, both as far as the possibilities to immediately observe it, and the apprehension of what we can hope to prove. I am recounting my personal experience of using computers as a mathematical tool, and the experience of such similar use in the works of my colleagues that I could observe at close range. This experience has radically changed my perception of many aspects of mathematics, how it functions, and especially, how it should be taught. This first introductory part consists mostly of reminiscences and some philosophical observations. Further parts describe several specific important advances in algebra and number theory, that would had been impossible without computers.

Experience of Use of Kahoot! Digital Tool in the University Library Activities

The article examines the experience of introducing gamification in the activities of the Scientific Library of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts A review of the annual Top Tools for Learning 2019 checklist outlines four key areas of research in higher education highlighted by J. Hart. The process of gamification is considered as one that helps to support the students’ attention, learn the learning material faster, promotes the critical thinking development. Experience of using Kahoot! digital tool to test students’ knowledge of the Philosophy course using the online quiz is highlighted. The creation of a quiz layout, parameter settings, testing and conducting the game were provided by library staff. The quiz “Do you know philosophy?” consisted of 17 questions. Fifteen of them were of the test type, two were “true or false”. 44 second-year students participated in the game at the same time. The winner correctly answered 13 questions, scoring 13 339 points. The average score was 6779 points. Kahoot! efficiency as a learning tool was analyzed on the basis of the results of 44 participants. Overall game performance was 42 %. Most likely, students answered questions like “true or false.” The time to answer the test questions ranged from 2.3 seconds to 10.7 seconds. 100 % of those polled said that playing questions helped them gain new knowledge; this type of training is eligible for existence and should be recommended for use in the educational process in the future. Information technologies have been found to offer ample opportunity to interpret their role as educational tools. The application of gamification allows for the formation of a comfortable learning environment for young people, increases the motivation to master the material independently. The quiz “Do you know philosophy?” is an example of a multidisciplinary approach to studying at the university and implementation of the principles of professionally oriented teaching of the humanities.

P514Externalised pacemakers are valuable in treatment of brady as well as tachyarrhythmias - a single tertiary non device extraction cardiac center experience

Abstract Introduction Temporary transvenous pacing (TPW) is a very useful procedure to control symptoms and/or correct significant hemodynamic compromise secondary to acute bradycardia as well as ventricular arrhythmias. It can be associated with significant complications (14-40%) e.g., loss of capture, displacement, infection, perforation, venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or rarely, even death. The 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS guidelines on the management of bradycardia give a Class IIa indication for externalised pacemakers (ExPPM) in patients requiring prolonged TPW support while the 2015 ESC guidelines on ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death give a Class IIa indication for overdrive pacing in the setting of acute coronary syndromes. However, published evidence for the former indication is modest (Level of evidence: B-NR) and lacking for the latter (Level of evidence: C). Aim To describe the experience of use of ExPPM in a high volume single tertiary non device extraction cardiac center over 45 months. Methods Retrospective study of medical records from January 2016 - September 2019. Results N = 34 during which the centre undertook 1341 new simple and complex device implants. Mean age: 73 ± 12 years, 20/34 (58.8%) males. Indication: symptomatic sinus node disease: 7/34 (20.6%), AV node disease: 23/34 (67.6%%), overdrive pacing for ventricular arrhythmias: 4/34 (11.8%) - late monomorphic VT secondary ST elevation myocardial infarction 2/4, polymorphic VT secondary to methadone toxicity 1/4, ventricular fibrillation secondary to bradyarrhythmia 1/4. Majority (27/34, 79.4%) had an ExPPM because of sepsis (pneumonia 12/27; unknown focus 3/27, TPW site infection 2/27, biliary sepsis, necrotising fasciitis, urinary tract infection, sternal wound infection, endocarditis, thrombophlebitis 1 each. Mean duration of implantation: 13.9 ± 11 days. Right internal jugular vein was the most common site (22/34, 64.7%) for introduction of the active fixation lead. Type of ExPPM: single chamber (VVI): 32/34 (94.1%), dual chamber (DDD): 2/34 (5.9%). 13/15 (38.2%) underwent permanent pacemaker implantation and 2/15 (13.3%) cardiac resynchronisation therapy - defibrillator following an ExPPM. Complications: 1/34 (2.9%) bleeding from the puncture site requiring transfusion. Six patients died during the course with deterioration in co-existing medical condition. Conclusion In our experience, ExPPM are not only a very useful intervention in patients who require prolonged support for bradyarrhythmias but can also be used to stabilise patients with recurrent tachyarrhythmias who need overdrive suppression, buying vital time before proceeding to definite therapy. They are associated with a low complication rate. We recommend that centers should have a low threshold for implanting such devices at the outset, in preference to TPW, in those patients where prolonged stabilisation of the heart rhythm is anticipated.

«Арийский миф» как фронтирный случай изобретения традиций и исторического воображения незападных национализмов

Автор анализирует особенности генезиса и истории арийского мифа в иранском, индийском и таджикском национализме как фронтирных случаях развития национализма.&#x0D; Автор анализирует развитие арийского мифа во фронтирных националистических воображениях: во-первых, предполагается, что индийские националисты имели опыт использования арийского мифа, но арийская идея никогда не принадлежала к числу центральных в идеологии национализма; во-вторых, автор полагает, что иранские политические элиты, которые пытались модернизировать и вестернизировать Иран, использовали арийский миф, потому что пытались подменить мусульманские религиозные основания иранской идентичности арийскими, воображаемыми ими как более светские; в-третьих, таджикские националисты, как полагает автор статьи, смогли использовать арийский миф только после десоветизации страны и распада СССР как один из инструментов политической мобилизации для борьбы с радикальным исламским проектом.