<p><span lang="EN-US">Over the last decade, sentiment analysis has evolved significantly towards extracting the contextual knowledge associated with the communication exchanged in social networks. Irrespective of various approaches to natural language processing and constantly evolving machine learning, sentiment analysis has inherent shortcomings, which further act as an obstacle to determining hateful and offensive speech exchanged in social networks. Therefore, this paper offers a compact yet granular insight into the effectiveness of existing sentiment analysis approaches used distinctly for determining hateful and offensive speech with particular emphasis on machine learning-based methodologies. The paper further contributes towards research trend analysis followed by distinct highlights of the research gap. The paper offers a learning outcome that significantly benefits future researchers investigating the same field.</span></p>