Full Exercise Of Citizenship Research Articles

The Accessibility Levels of the Websites of Federal Higher Education Institutions in Northeast Brazil

The general aim of this study is to make a diagnosis on the accessibility of information made available on the websites of the Federal Higher Education Institutions (IFES) in the Northeast. It is based on the hypothesis that the websites of the IFES in the Northeast Region of Brazil do not have high levels of adequacy, results that do not allow any user, regardless of being a person with disabilities or other limitations, to access the knowledge made available there, either with the help of assistive technologies or autonomously. The methodological procedures will be bibliographical and documentary research with analysis of primary sources on institutional websites and administrative acts made available, or not, on these sources. All the open data portals will be evaluated and simulated to determine their suitability for eMAG. This will be done using the public software ASES, a system for comparing and validating the standards of construction and behaviour of the source code of electronic sites, pointing out the levels of usability, navigability, alternative text, and content markers regarding the eMAG parameters, which are mandatory for public institutional sites in Brazil in terms of digital accessibility. As a result of the research, it was possible to identify that the levels of accessibility on the websites of these institutions were not in line with the parameters of the Digital Government Accessibility Model (eMag) of Brazil. This reveals divergences in the promotion of access to information; while some IFES make information available autonomously, without facing noise, interference, or impediments to the use of information, others do not so much, which has a negative impact on the guarantee of rights such as the exercise of full citizenship.

Basic education, verticalization and the world of work: a case study with graduates from the Uruçuí campus of the Federal Institute of Piauí

Public Basic Education socially represents one of the hallmarks of the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology. Its greatest expansion occurred in the 2010s, and the impacts of this expansion directly reached the mass population, with the democratization of access to quality public education, reconciling training for the job market and the full exercise of citizenship. The main objective of the study was to analyze the trajectory of the Uruçuí campus of the Federal Institute of Piauí (IFPI) throughout its implementation (2010-2021) in the municipality where it is located, with an emphasis on the social transformation of the lives of graduates of technical courses integrated into the secondary education, offered at the Institution. In this sense, the research was initially carried out through the analysis of the legislation that regulated the Federal Institutes throughout their implementation and through the application of questionnaires to graduates of the campus/IFPI. The results showed that the institution provided the training of 620 students in technical courses integrated into secondary education, and these are well positioned in society, whether in the job market or in higher education.

Challenges and Opportunities of the Role of the Social Educator in the Context of São Tomé and Príncipe

Theoretical benchmark: Starting from a theoretical framework that addresses the multiplicity of roles inherent to the Social Educator, we wanted to understand the work developed by five undergraduate interns from the Social Education course at a higher education institution in Portugal, who stayed for four months, February to May, in the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 academic years in various institutions, in São Tomé and Príncipe. Method: Qualitative study, informed by descriptive and interpretative characteristics, seeks to understand and describe behaviors, feelings and ways of thinking and acting of the subjects participating in the study. Results and conclusion: The paths followed by the interns, in their multiple roles, were an added value, making visible the importance of the role of the Social Educator in developing countries and, in particular, in the exercise of full citizenship in demanding and complex contexts that are aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is called for an increase in internships in the context of international cooperation, in developing countries. Research implications: Need for the Social Education technician in developing countries, and especially in São Tomé and Príncipe. Originality/value: Research carried out in São Tomé and Príncipe to highlight the valorization of the role of women, since this group was only female, in order to contribute to the reduction of socio-educational problems, associated with female and child poverty, which they still have a lot of expression on the Island of São Tomé and Príncipe.

Mathematics teacher's continuing education in Professional and Technological Education: concepts and questions

Professional and Technological Education (PTE) has as its basic assumption, to qualify the subject for a universal training based on social parameters predisposed to the work and the full exercise of citizenship. Based on a continuous formation, this study aimed to present suggestions that can refine the teaching praxis of the PTE teacher, minimizing the discrepancies between the dichotomy of the propedeutic education and the technical education, effective in the integrated high school technical courses (EMI), particularly in the Federal Institutes (IFs). This is a bibliographical research that selects works that discuss the continuing education of the PTE mathematics teacher, who works in the EMI. It is believed that this article can help in the reflection about this theme, making possible for the student a new perspective in the construction of mathematical knowledge, with the purpose of entering the labor market.

Common sense politics: religion and belonging in French public space

Public “common sense” should be conceptualized as an important force structuring the politics of belonging. Homing in on the embodied and sensory aspects of common, taken-for-granted knowledge and the habits of perception that inform it, this article demonstrates how culturally entrained listening practices structure rights to the city and the exercise of citizenship. By tuning into the significance of ambient religious sound, it offers an empirical, ethnographic investigation into how common sense, in dialogue with constitutional and municipal law, shapes practices of citizenship and participation in French public space. The article argues that common sense deriving from perception and interpretation of public sound among majority French represents a stubborn obstacle to French Muslims’ exercise of full citizenship; indeed, it enacts a kind of violence that locks French Muslims out of agentive citizenry, rendering them objects to be muted at will, not fellow citizens to be heard.

Diversidade e Direitos Humanos na Atenção Primária à Saúde

Neste editorial, apresenta-se o resultado da chamada pública de artigos que compõem o especial “Diversidade e Direitos Humanos na Atenção Primária à Saúde”. A situação dos direitos humanos no Brasil é preocupante, existindo profundas desigualdades no exercício pleno da cidadania entre grupos sociais, o que inclui o acesso a serviços de saúde e manutenção de níveis de saúde adequados e justos. Questões raciais, de gênero, sexualidade, diversidade, violência e direitos humanos ganham cada vez mais importância no contexto da atenção primária à saúde (APS) e da Medicina de Família e Comunidade (MFC). Os trabalhos publicados neste especial apontam para a importância de pensarmos a organização de uma APS interseccional e uma prática em saúde abrangente, acolhedora, humanizada, resolutiva e culturalmente e socialmente orientada. Sugere-se que a MFC precisa produzir reflexões teóricas mais robustas para subsidiar o cuidado a pessoas em graves situações de vulnerabilidade e sofrimento. Aponta-se ainda para a necessária equidade de gênero, etnia e territorial na composição do corpo editorial da RBMFC. Espera-se que o conteúdo deste especial apoie a reflexão e a construção de práticas e de políticas que consigam enfrentar o quadro das profundas e diversas desigualdades sociais do país, e que no futuro possamos contar com uma maior produção de conhecimento neste campo.

EM DEFESA DA CIDADANIA: A DESOBEDIÊNCIA CIVIL COMO CAUSA SUPRALEGAL DE EXCLUSÃO DA CULPABILIDADE

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a possibilidade de a desobediência civil, enquanto espécie do direito de resistência, atuar como causa de exclusão da culpabilidade na seara penal, em razão da inexigibilidade de conduta diversa por parte dos agentes desobedientes. Por meio do método dedutivo, a partir da análise de dados qualitativos, a pesquisa inicia investigando a teoria da desobediência civil, reconstruindo sua legitimidade histórica e constitucional, explorando também duas características que lhe são geralmente atribuídas: não violência e aceitação voluntária das sanções. Em seguida, analisam-se as nuances da culpabilidade na área criminal e a ação desobediente como uma dirimente supralegal, capaz de afastar a responsabilidade penal do agente desobediente. Conclui-se, ao final, que a desobediência civil pode ser considerada como causa de exclusão da culpabilidade, em determinados casos, pois não se pode exigir uma conduta diversa do agente desobediente que empenha esforços pela efetivação ou defesa de um direito, o que nada mais é que o exercício pleno da cidadania.

Autonomia das Pessoas Transexuais e Cidadania: Uma Defesa à Possibilidade de Alteração do Registro Civil Independentemente de Autorização Judicial

O presente trabalho pretende demonstrar a íntima relação existente entre o direito à inclusão do nome social no registro civil das pessoas transexuais e o exercício pleno da cidadania e, a partir desta ideia, defender a possibilidade de alteração do registro civil para inclusão do nome social sem necessidade de determinação judicial. Para tanto, imprescindível defender a despatologização da transexualidade a fim de que as pessoas transexuais saiam da margem da sociedade e assumam o protagonismo de sua própria existência.

Ejercicio de la ciudadanía global femenina ante los tribunales internacionales: el impacto del activismo ciudadano en la corte interamericana de derechos humanos

This document assumes that the exercise of full citizenship, within a global context, should be based on political, cultural, and economic considerations rather than on a legal recognition. It is understood that global citizenship, as a world vehicle, can be exercised by individuals and identity groups such as women, in such a way that women’s social movement can be seen as Castells’ network society. It can be seen, however, that this exercise cannot be exercised in full without the existence of international justice courts that can assure rights implied in the concept of citizenship that, in the case of the Inter-American Court, has been setting the exercise of global citizenship from some jurisprudential standards on women’s human rights, applicable to each State that has accepted the competence of the Regional Court.

I Want More and Better Cells! - An Outreach Project about Stem Cells and Its Impact on the General Population.

Although science and technology impact every aspect of modern societies, there is still an extensive gap between science and society, which impairs the full exercise of citizenship. In the particular case of biomedical research increased investment should be accompanied by parallel efforts in terms of public information and engagement. We have carried out a project involving the production and evaluation of educational contents focused on stem cells - illustrated newspaper chronicles, radio interviews, a comic book, and animated videos - and monitored their impact on the Portuguese population. The study of the outreach materials in a heterogeneous sample of the population suggests that they are valuable tools to disseminate scientific messages, and that this is especially true for the comic-book format. Furthermore, the data showed that clear and stimulating outreach materials, that are able to teach new concepts and to promote critical thinking, increase engagement in science at different levels, depending on the depth of the concepts involved. Additionally, these materials can influence political, social and personal attitudes toward science. These results, together with the importance attributed to scientific research in stem cells by the population sampled, validates the diffusion of such materials as a significant contribution towards an overall public understanding and engagement in contemporary science, and this strategy should thus be considered in future projects. Regardless, stringent quality control must be implemented in order to efficiently communicate accurate scientific developments, and the public stimulated in terms of finding additional sources of reliable information.

Pour nous, être citoyens à part entière, ça veut dire…

One of the four main chapters of the consultation document proposed by the Québec Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux (Health and Social Services), in preparation for the National Forum on the Mental Health Action Plan 2014-2020, is dedicated to the full exercise of citizenship. This paper reports the dialogue that took place between the CEO of a university mental health institute and a group of service users, in order to participate in the consultation process regarding the full exercise of citizenship. Since May 2013, a dozen service users have gathered in the Projet citoyen at the Research Centre of Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (IUSMM). The Projet citoyen is a culturally adapted transposition, in Québec, of the Citizens Project that is in place in New Haven, Connecticut. One of the key components of both the Projet citoyen and the Citizens Project interventions is a group training regarding citizenship. Participants discuss what it means for them to be full citizens and they support each other in achieving personal or collective goals. To assess progress made in such matters, a new Citizenship Measurement has been developed by the Yale Program for Recovery & Community Health, and translated into French. This Mesure de la citoyenneté is in the process of being validated; peer research assistants conducted data collection by asking 178 people who use the mental health services of Quebec to complete the French Mesure de la citoyenneté. The preliminary results of a statistical analysis were used to structure the dialogue between the IUSMM CEO and the participants of the Projet citoyen. Three sub-scales emerged from preliminary statistical analysis (clusters). Colleagues of the Projet citoyen were invited, through a focus group conducted by one of them, to give evocative labels to these sub-scales. Regarding the first one, we felt that it was about asking ourselves what we can bring to others' lives, wondering how we, as members of the community, can make a difference for a more inclusive civic cohabitation. The label "contribution to the community" was chosen. For the second sub-scale, personal and social spheres emerged as both being essential to the achievement of full citizenship. These spheres must be respected in complementarity. Hence we chose the label: "personal and social integrity." Finally, the third sub-scale seemed to combine items that have the common elements of respecting human rights, respecting the person, and respecting the autonomy of the person. "Rights and freedom of choice" was chosen as a label for that sub-set. The IUSMM CEO immersed herself in the Projet citoyen and as her dialogue with the participants deepened around these features, a sense of mutual respect and friendliness got stronger. Participants were pleasantly surprised to see that an influential CEO can be sensitive and comfortable expressing this sensitivity, even with her emotions while interacting with service users as they are exercising their own citizenship as research colleagues. This case study illustrates a way of triangulating qualitative and quantitative data sets generated from a participatory-action research project for which people who use mental health services have been active research partners throughout. A mobilizing effect was found among participants of the Projet citoyen who become multipliers once back in their respective communities and neighborhoods. This effect can also affect a senior manager. The ISUMM CEO was inspired to relay and communicate this innovative thinking on the full exercise of citizenship as a governmental priority in mental health. It could thus be recommended to implement and network some Projets citoyens in other educational, research and clinical settings. This would provide opportunities for service users to contribute to the community - here, the scientific community. It would exemplify respect for personal and social integrity by channeling the expression of the lived experience into an instrument of change. These Projets citoyens would advocate for the rights and freedom of choice of service users as partners, in action, of a citizenship-oriented mental health system.

Participation in mental health care by ethnic minority users: case studies from the Netherlands and Brazil

This thesis examines participation in mental health care by users from socially disadvantaged ethnic minority groups in the Netherlands and in Brazil. Despite considerable evidence that minority users are under-represented in health participatory spaces in these and other countries around the world, there are few empirical studies on what works to promote minority user participation. This thesis aims to fill this gap by identifying minority users who are engaged in mental health participatory spaces and investigating why and how they get involved. It also aims to evaluate the benefits of participation for involved minority users and to examine the barriers which prevent users from reaching their full participatory potential. To achieve these goals, a qualitative research approach and a case study strategy of enquiry was adopted involving two exemplary situations: the case of Cape Verdean migrants’ participation in a community-based advocacy project focused on mental health promotion in Rotterdam; andthe case of minority Northeasterners’ participation in a community-based mental health care service in Rio de Janeiro. The results reveal that the involvement of Cape Verdean migrants and minority Northeasterners in mental health participatory initiatives is driven by a broad range of individual and collective motivations. Put together, these motivations indicate a strong desire by users to promote not just their own social inclusion but also the exercise of full citizenship by other members of their communities. Although users’ motivations play an important role in their decisions to get engaged, this thesis shows that they are not sufficient to guarantee the start and continuation of their participation. In addition to motivations, direct recruitment, capacity-building and empowering participatory spaces are all essential enablers of participation by user groups in a position of disadvantage. This thesis also shows that participation can generate a number of substantive benefits for minority users, including broader social networks, empowerment, an increased sense of citizenship, enhanced health literacy and improved access to mental health care. These benefits have a positive effect on each other and together they strengthen users’ willingness to stay engaged and their capacity to take participation a step forward (e.g. by getting involved in ‘health invited spaces’). These effects, however, are observed only among users who express collective motivations for participation. This thesis also identifies several barriers that hold back the full development of participation by minority users, including unawareness of opportunities for involvement in other participatory spaces, self-exclusion from invited mental health spaces due to fear of stigmatisation, and exclusionary dynamics within participatory initiatives that cause users to drop-out. These demand- and supply-side barriers limit the inclusiveness of health participatory spaces and diminish their potential for fostering the development of effective, comprehensive and diversity-sensitive health care policy and service delivery. The thesis concludes that socially disadvantaged minority users can be successfully engaged in mental health invited spaces, but promoting their involvement requires a proactive approach which recognises that marginalised groups need to build confidence, capacity and a sense of entitlement in order to exercise their citizenship and make use of opportunities for participation.

Challenges of knowledge management and creation in communities of practice organisations of Deaf and non-Deaf members: requirements for a Web platform

This study analysed the role of knowledge management (KM) tools used to cultivate a community of practice (CP) in its knowledge creation (KC), transfer, learning processes. The goal of such observations was to determine requirements that KM tools should address for the specific CP formed by Deaf and non-Deaf members of the CP. The CP studied is a formal knowledge organisation based on learning and the evaluation of socio-linguistic aspects pertaining to the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). Non-Deaf and members of the Deaf community cultivated such knowledge organisation through specific collaborative meetings and the use of Internet-based tools for KM. Knowledge was created to validate an intellectual artefact (a computational description model of the phonetic structure of Libras (PSL)) to be used as basis in the development of tools to aid the Deaf community in their learning, communication, informational, educational and other needs necessary for full exercise of citizenship. The Internet-based KM tools were paramount for the cultivating of the CP. Nevertheless, additional requirements for the KM tools emerged, such as: video-conferencing, video manipulation features, better management of asynchronous communication, among others.

Educação ambiental em escolas: sensibilizando o professor de pequenos municípios

A Educação Ambiental deve ser encarada como de extrema relevância na formação dos alunos e á única com um cantinho exclusivo na Constituição em vigor, considerando os aspectos sociais, econômicos, políticos, culturais e éticos, além do ecológico, preparando e desenvolvendo o educando para a melhor qualidade de vida e seu pleno exercício de cidadania. Esta monografia tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento bibliográfico acerca do conceito, finalidade e funções da educação ambiental à luz de uma prática que consiga fomentar a formação da cidadania dos educandos, bem como apresentar os resultados de uma entrevista, de caráter qualitativo, realizada com professores da cidade de Cacequi, RS, de modo se identificar suas experiências em educação ambiental, bem como trazer a tona as inquietações que impossibilitam uma prática totalmente eficiente da mesma. Observa-se no findar desta pesquisa que questões como falta de formação, discussão, leitura, de regulamentações político-pedagógicas são alguns dos inúmeros fatores que impossibilitam que a educação ambiental ainda sirva como um alicerce e prática de cidadania.

Promoção da saúde e cultura cidadã envolvendo uma abordagem oftalmológica em escolares na Colônia Antônio Aleixo (CAA), Manaus-AM: uma experiência no ensino médico

Objetivou-se promover a capacitação de alunos de Medicina da disciplina de Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Federal do Amazonas e comunidade para o desenvolvimento de uma cultura cidadã dentro do paradigma socioecológico, identificando-se os problemas oftalmológicos nos escolares da comunidade. Foram realizadas visitas domiciliares semanais e discutidas questões relevantes para a saúde dos moradores e problemas da localidade, na CAA, bairro periférico de Manaus. Escolares de 4 a 14 anos dessa comunidade foram triados na avaliação oftalmológica (AO), com encaminhamento dos casos ao especialista. Os problemas encontrados - desemprego, saneamento básico, desconhecimento das leis e baixo grau de escolaridade - motivaram reuniões entre moradores, acadêmicos e profissionais de setores relacionados. De 133 crianças avaliadas na AO, uma precisou de tratamento. Constatou-se que o acadêmico de Medicina inserido na realidade que o cerca é capaz de se tornar um profissional mais ativo na sociedade na luta por uma localidade saudável/cidade saudável, capacitando a comunidade para suas lutas sociais em busca de melhor qualidade de vida e exercício pleno da cidadania. A prevalência de problemas oftalmológicos nos escolares da comunidade foi inferior à observada na literatura.

Cidade, territórios e cidadania

Brazilian cities, and especially the large metropolises, have undergone a process of territorialization, that is, legal and political fragmentation of the urban fabric with the configuration of spaces dominated by informal local authorities. Such spaces take on characteristics common to the favelas (slums) such as those of Rio de Janeiro which have historically displayed this type of ecological configuration. The central hypothesis of this article is that this process of urban territorialization has placed an important constraint on the full exercise of citizenship in low-income areas, since it turns the place of residence into a segregated space, lacking minimum conditions for exercising the most elementary civil rights.