Excretion Of Ascorbic Acid Research Articles

Concentrations of ascorbic acid in plasma and white blood cells of patients with cancer and noncancerous chronic disease.

Concentrations of ascorbic acid in plasma and white blood cells of patients with cancer and noncancerous chronic disease.

Increased excretion of dehydroascorbic and diketogulonic acids by rats in the cold.

Summary1. Adult albino rats were exposed to environmental temperatures of 21°C for control, and 0°C for experimental periods. 2. Urinary excretion of ascorbic acid at 0°C was increased 53%, dehydroascorbic acid increased 186%, and diketogulonic acid 500% above the values obtained on the same rats at 21°C. 3. All of these increases were found to be highly significant.

Effect of cortisone on tolerance to ascorbic acid and level of blood cholesterol in man.

INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTAL studies with animals (1, 2, 3) as well as clinical studies have been reported, which suggest a relationship between ascorbic acid metabolism and adrenocortical hormones. The therapeutic use of ascorbic acid in large doses and of ascorbic acid in conjunction with adrenocortical hormone administration has been proposed in the treatment of collagenous diseases (4, 5, 6, 7). Our own experimental observations and those of others on the diminution of ascorbic acid excretion following adrenocortical hormone administration provoked our curiosity as to what might occur in the various patients during cortisone therapy. Selye (8) postulates that a major factor in the pathogenesis of certain diseases, now treated with cortisone, is failure of the particular organism to adapt to stress. It has been shown repeatedly that during stress adrenal ascorbic acid and cholesterol decrease (Sayers, 9). In a previous report (10), we have suggested that the increase in serum cholesterol following ascorbi...

Effect of hypophysectomy on pigmentation and ascorbic acid excretion in black rats.

SummaryPigmentation was observed in black rats following hypophysectomy, similar to the pigmentation occurring in black rats following adrenalectomy. The adrenals of the hypophysectomized rats were smaller than normal, with atrophic cortices. Excretion of ascorbic acid decreased to low levels following hypophysectomy. The increase in pigmentation is believed to be related to the derangement of the steroid hormones of the adrenal cortex of the hypophysectomized rat.

Influence of adreno-cortical extract, cortisone and desoxycorticosterone on blood levels and urinary excretion of ascorbic acid.

Influence of adreno-cortical extract, cortisone and desoxycorticosterone on blood levels and urinary excretion of ascorbic acid.

A Study on the Relation and Adjustment of Blood Plasma Level and Urinary Excretion of Ascorbic Acid to Intake

A Study on the Relation and Adjustment of Blood Plasma Level and Urinary Excretion of Ascorbic Acid to Intake

Effect of Repeated Exposure of Human Subjects to Hypoxia on Glucose Tolerance, Excretion of Ascorbic Acid, and Phenylalanine Tolerance

ARTICLESEffect of Repeated Exposure of Human Subjects to Hypoxia on Glucose Tolerance, Excretion of Ascorbic Acid, and Phenylalanine ToleranceJ. H. Boutwell, J. H. Cilley, L. R. Krasno, A. C. Ivy, and C. J. FarmerJ. H. Boutwell, J. H. Cilley, L. R. Krasno, A. C. Ivy, and C. J. FarmerPublished Online:01 Jan 1950https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1950.2.7.388MoreSectionsPDF (573 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation More from this issue > Volume 2Issue 7January 1950Pages 388-392 https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1950.2.7.388History Published online 1 January 1950 Published in print 1 January 1950 Metrics

The effects of antihistaminic drugs upon the excretion of ascorbic acid by rats

1. 1. The results of our experiments show that Benadryl, Thephorin, Pyribenzamine, and Trimeton stimulate ascorbic acid synthesis in the rat while Neo-Antergan, Histadyl, and Antistine have little or no effect. 2. 2. The stimulating action did not correlate with the narcotic effects of the drugs since Thephorin is somewhat stimulating and yet caused as much increase in ascorbic acid excretion as did Benadryl.

Ascorbic Acid Synthesis is Rats on Various Diets

Summary. I. The ascorbic acid excretion in the urine has been studied in rats on varying diets. A normal excretion could be maintained, when the diet contained sufficient quantities of protein (casein) and riboflavin. Addition of anuran, niacin, alderman and antithetic acid had no effect. This also held good when the ascorbic-acid excretion was increased by the administration of an aromatic compound, e. g. azotoluene. The experiences from these experiments indicate that the casein is necessary for the synthesis of ascorbic acid and does not merely have a stimulating effect, as e. g. azotoluene; an increased ascorbic-acid excretion after administration of azotoluene was only obtained when the diet contained sufficient quantities of casein (and riboflavine). In agreement with the excretion experiments rats, with a deficit of riboflavine show a decreased ascorbic-acid content in the liver. II. The variations observed in ascorbic-acid content in the liver and in the ascorbic-acid excretion should correspond to the variations in the synthesis of ascorbic acid and not only to a varying metabolism. III. If rats with a deficit of riboflavin receive ascorbic acid, the period of survival is increased. In experiments with administration of sulfanilamide to rats ca. 100 % of the quantities administered were excreted at a riboflavin deficit; after administration of riboflavin or ascorbic acid only about 50 %. In experiments with administration of azotoluene only small quantities of the oxidized decomposition product m-aminobenzoic acid were excreted in riboflavine deficit; after supply of riboflavine (in a sufficient addition of casein) or ascorbic acid, considerably increased quantities were excreted. It is considered that the ascorbic acid is of importance for oxidizing detoxication processes in the organism of the rat. Riboflavine, by its effect on the ascorbic-acid production, can have a similar influence.

Urinary Excretion of Ascorbic Acid by Guinea Pigs at Different Ages

Urinary Excretion of Ascorbic Acid by Guinea Pigs at Different Ages

Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate and Ammonium Chloride on Ascorbic Acid Metabolism of Adults

SummaryThis study indicates that the changes in the excretion of ascorbic acid are not accurate indications of utilization. The ingestion of both salts significantly lowered the mean plasma ascorbi...

Plasma Levels and Urinary Excretion of Ascorbic Acid in Women during the Menstrual Cycle

Plasma Levels and Urinary Excretion of Ascorbic Acid in Women during the Menstrual Cycle

THE EXCRETION OF ASCORBIC ACID AND DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID IN SWEAT AND URINE UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

THE EXCRETION OF ASCORBIC ACID AND DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID IN SWEAT AND URINE UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Utilization and Excretion of Ingested Ascorbic Acid by the Dairy Cow

Summary A Holstein cow was maintained in normal physical condition for a period of 15 months on a ration containing very little ascorbic acid. During this period a normal male calf was born. Blood plasma ascorbic acid values ranged from 0.28 to 0.59mg. per 100ml. but usually fluctuated between 0.30 and 0. 45mg. per 100ml. As the lactation period progressed the total daily ascorbic acid excretion in the milk diminished in a manner paralleling the decrease in milk volume. During this time the urinary ascorbic acid excretion appeared to be erratic with values ranging from 14.1 to 97.8mg. per 24 hours. The ingestion of large amounts of ascorbic acid increased the urinary excretion of the vitamin very slightly and then only temporarily. The rate of urinary excretion of the vitamin appeared to be greater during the daytime than during the night. In vivo and in vitro rumen studies, made possible with the aid of a rumen fistula, showed that crystalline ascorbic acid in amounts of 150g. was rapidly destroyed in the rumen. Ascorbic acid supplied in a natural form as Cerograss Chops, was also destroyed in the rumen but at a slower rate owing, presumably, to the slower dissolution of ascorbic acid from the natural grasses. These studies also indicated that the destruction of ascorbic acid in the rumen was a result, at least in part, of the action of microorganisms. The results of these experiments may be summarized, in support of the probable synthesis of ascorbic acid by the dairy cow, as follows: 1) ascorbic acid either in the crystalline form or as a part of a natural product ( Cerograss Chops ) is destroyed rapidly in the rumen; 2) the apparent independence of the cow for dietary ascorbic acid is reflected by normal concentrations of ascorbic acid in the blood and milk in spite of a low ascorbic acid intake over a prolonged period of time; and finally, 3) the ingested intake of ascorbic acid on this lowascorbic acid ration is exceeded by the combined output of the vitamin in the milk and the urine.

Effects of Food Intake and Anoxia upon Ascorbic Acid Excretion, Acidity of Urine, and Survival of Male Albino Rats

Effects of Food Intake and Anoxia upon Ascorbic Acid Excretion, Acidity of Urine, and Survival of Male Albino Rats

The Relationship between a Low Carotene Intake and Urinary Excretion of Ascorbic Acid in Dairy Cattle

Summary Ascorbic acid excretion in normally fed heifers varied from 25.8 to 110.5 mg. per day. When fed 5 grams of chlorobutanol for 10 days normally fed heifers excreted 210 to 399 mg. of ascorbic acid per day. Ascorbic acid excretion of pregnant heifers receiving a ration low in carotene was from 4 to 6 times greater than in similar animals normally fed. The feeding of 5 grams of chlorobutanol for 10 days to pregnant heifers receiving a ration low in carotene stimulated the excretion of ascorbic acid very little. The chlorobutanol caused an increase in plasma ascorbic acid values of the normally fed pregnant heifers but not in similar heifers receiving a low carotene ration. Dairy males excreted varying amounts of ascorbic acid regardless of the level of carotene intake, except when made severely deficient, in which case there was a decrease in ascorbic acid excretion. Normally fed males excreted considerably more ascorbic acid per kilo of body weight than normally fed females. It still remains to be shown that a low carotene intake under practical farm conditions has a depressing effect on ascorbic acid synthesis to the extent of altering breeding efficiency.

LARGE DOSES OF ASCORBIC ACID IN TREATMENT OF VITAMIN C DEFICIENCIES

Patients entering a hospital with a variety of complaints are often found to have low levels of ascorbic acid in the plasma if determinations of this factor are made. In some cases in which diagnosis or treatment may be facilitated by the restoration of vitamin C in the tissues, rapid saturation is desired. To accomplish this efficiently, it is necessary to determine the maximum dose that will not cause increased urinary excretion of ascorbic acid. Obviously the total dose required for saturation depends on the state of deficiency of the body tissues, and one can judge that amount only by some indirect index of the status of the tissues. It has been argued that the plasma level of ascorbic acid is a poor index, and attempts have been made to find more reliable criteria for the state of vitamin C nutrition. Studies of excretion, although extensive, have not established a

Excretion of ascorbic acid

The literature concerning the excretion of ascorbic acid is reviewed and discussed. Experiments have been carried out and results are given, to show the extent of the marked hourly variations which occur in the excretion of ascorbic acid by the kidneys. This variation is present at all physiological ascorbic acid blood levels and is not related to the urine pH nor to the urine rate of flow. The relationship of these findings to previous conceptions of ascorbic acid excretion is discussed. The controlling influence of tubular re-absorption in determining the rate of ascorbic acid excretion at normal blood levels is pointed out. We wish to thank the Medical Research Council of Ireland for the grant which made this work possible.

Further studies on the relationship between the composition of the diet and the metabolism of ascorbic acid

1. A carefully controlled and balanced high protein diet was fed to eight women to determine what effect a diet high in protein might have upon ascorbic metabolism as judged by the ascorbic acid excretion and the rate of tissue saturation. 2. The difference between the average ascorbic acid excretion measured on a “normal” diet and a high protein diet was less than 2 per cent. 3. The amount of ascorbic acid needed to saturate these subjects under the conditions of this experiment was somewhat greater for the high protein diet than for the “normalD diet.

EXCRETION OF THIAMINE, RIBOFLAVIN, NIACIN AND PANTOTHENIC ACID IN HUMAN SWEAT

The excretion of vitamins in sweat is of interest from the standpoint of the metabolism of such vitamins in the body and the possible loss of such vitamins by this channel, especially in instances of profuse sweating. Such results also have a bearing on the physiology of perspiration. The amount of sweat vitamins might also conceivably have a bearing on the growth of organisms on the skin, since some of these vitamins have a definite effect on the growth of certain micro-organisms. One of us has reported on the excretion of ascorbic acid in sweat. 1 An increased excretion of this vitamin was noted in sweat after administration of large doses of the vitamin. Hardt and Still 2 studied the excretion of thiamine as well as of ascorbic acid in sweat after exercise. They concluded that 5 to 15 per cent of ingested thiamine might be the daily loss by