Excellent Symptomatic Improvement Research Articles

Primary Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Prostate with Rectal Invasion

Prostate adenosquamous carcinoma (pASC) is a rare form of prostate cancer accounting for <1% of all cases. It is generally considered an aggressive variant often presenting with significant symptom burden and/or metastatic disease. Given its rarity, optimal management of this cancer is unknown. We present a case of a patient with pASC treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy with excellent symptomatic improvement and local control.

A multi-center, prospective clinical trial of a hepatic derived porcine surgical mesh for the laparoscopic repair of symptomatic paraesophageal hernias.

We report the results of a multicenter trial evaluating a unique, biological mesh (MIROMESH) derived from decellularized porcine liver for hiatal cruralplasty during laparoscopic PEHR. 41 subjects underwent a laparoscopic PEHR which included primary crural closure, and MIROMESH onlay. Subjects were assessed at 2-weeks and 6, 12, 18 and 24 months using the SF-36, GERD-HRQL questionnaire, and VAS GERD related symptoms, and UGI. Mean procedure time was 143.0 (±45.2) minutes, 93% had a Type III hiatal hernia and median LOS was 3 days. Of 27 patients available for 2 years follow up, no patients required surgical reintervention for symptomatic hernia recurrence or adverse events. Radiographic follow up revealed a 10% hiatal hernia recurrence rate. GERD HRQL scores were significantly improved from baseline to two years follow up. All the GERD symptoms measured showed significant and sustained improvement at all post-operative time periods. The utilization of MIROMESH for crural reinforcement during laparoscopic PEHR resulted in excellent symptomatic improvement in our multicenter trial with a 10% 2 year radiographic recurrence rate.

Testicular Tuberculosis with Tuberculoma of Brain in an HIV Negative Patient

Isolated testicular tuberculosis without renal or pulmonary involvement has not been reported much earlier. The case of a young HIV negative patient with testicular tuberculosis and tuberculoma of brain has been presented. A 32 years old normotensive, non-diabetic farmer presented to emergency facility with sudden onset of severe headache, vertigo and vomiting that developed over 24 hours and mild pain, swelling of right hemiscrotum associated with low grade fever for last one month. On examination, patient was conscious, oriented, pulse rate was 72/min, blood pressure was recorded 130/80 mm Hg, body temperature was 99 degree F, genital examination revealed swelling of right hemiscrotum with enlarged, firm and mildly tender right testis. He refused full neurological examination due to severe Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons Vol. 34, No. 2, April 2016 headache and vertigo. MRI of brain revealed multiple, hyperintense, ring-enhancing lesions over right cerebellar hemisphere and corpus callosum. Aspiration of scrotal fluid revealed about 50 ml of yellowish pus, microbiology confirmed presence of few acid-fast-bacilli and plenty of pus cells. FNAC from right testicular mass revealed presence of granuloma and caseation necrosis. His chest X-ray and CSF analysis were normal, ESR was 20, USG of abdomen, hepatic and renal work-up was normal. Soon the patient was started with category I antituberculosis drug along with intravenous steroids. An excellent symptomatic improvement developed on 5th day of initiating drug therapy, he was closely monitored and followed up after discharge. This case report was prepared with his full consent.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(2): 112-114

Ebstein’s anomaly with constricitve pericarditis

Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital cardiac malformation that affects the tricuspid valve commonly, but its association with pericardial disease is even rarer. We report a case of 25 year old man presented with dyspnoea on exertion and fatigability. A diagnosis of Ebstein’s anomaly with atrial septal defect (ASD) with constrictive pericarditis was confirmed using transthoracic echocardiography. Peroperatively pericardiotomy was done after meticulous dissection of pericardium. Under cardiopulmonary bypass tricuspid valve was replaced with 29 mm Edward life science porcine tissue heart valve with direct closure of ASD. Patient showed excellent symptomatic improvement and was discharged on 7th POD with advice and after 3 months of follow up patient was doing well post operartive day.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2016; 31(1) : 46-49

Triple valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease: short- and mid-term survival in modern era

Triple valve replacement (TVR) is still deemed a complex and challenging choice for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and carries significant mortality and morbidity. We report the short- and mid-term results after TVR in the last decade. In a historical cohort, ninety consecutive patients, at a mean age of 47 ± 12 years underwent TVR between 2003 and 2013 for RHD. Most of the patients were in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II or III. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the predictors of overall and event-free survival. The 30-day hospital mortality rate was 6% (n = 5). One-year and 4-year overall survival (cardiac survival) rates were 91.7 and 89.5%, respectively. One-year and 4-year rates of freedom from cardiac events (e.g. cardiac death, cardiac rehospitalization, cardiac reoperation, cerebrovascular events, anticoagulation-related major haemorrhage and significant valvular malfunction) were 83.5 and 69.5%, respectively. Age, diabetes and pump time were the independent predictors of overall survival, and diabetes and hypertension were the independent predictors of event-free survival. One-year and 4-year freedom rates from anticoagulation-related major haemorrhage were 96.6 and 90.7%, respectively. The 1-year and 4-year rates of freedom from a composite of valvular thrombosis, major bleeding events and thromboemboli were 94.1 and 88.5%, respectively. One-year and 4-year freedom rates from cardiac rehospitalization were 94.0 and 88.0%, respectively. One-year and 4-year rates of freedom from cardiac reoperation were 98.8 and 93.9%, respectively. One-year and 4-year rates of freedom from significant prosthetic valve malfunction (e.g. structural valve deterioration, valve thrombosis and paravalvular leakage) were 96.6 and 90.7%, respectively. The 1-year and 4-year rates of freedom from major adverse valve-related events were 86.3 and 78.5%, respectively. TVR for RHD appears to confer satisfactory short- and mid-term results with excellent symptomatic improvement. The overall mortality following TVR may be improved by early surgical treatment before the NYHA functional class IV.

The first clinical case in Japan of destination therapy using the Jarvik 2000 left ventricular assist device

A 73-year-old female with a history of surgical ventricular restoration for ischemic cardiomyopathy presented with biventricular heart failure symptoms. After a Toyobo paracorporeal left ventricular assist device (LVAD) was implanted as a bridge, she underwent successful implantation of a Jarvik 2000 LVAD. This device provided excellent symptomatic improvement. This is the first case in Japan of destination therapy using an implantable LVAD.

Primary triple valve surgery for advanced rheumatic heart disease in Mainland China: a single-center experience with 871 clinical cases

Triple valve surgery (TVS) is still of choice for advanced rheumatic heart disease (RHD), which has been associated with reported poor early and late outcomes. We describe the short- and long-term results after TVS in last two decades in Mainland China. From January 1985 to January 2005, a total of 871 patients (217 men, 654 women), with mean age of 42+/-11 years, underwent primary TVS for isolated advanced RHD. All patients received replacement procedures in mitral and aortic position (845 mechanical, 26 bioprosthetic), and 840 patients received repair procedures and the other 31 received replacement procedures in tricuspid position (9 mechanical, 22 bioprosthetic). Preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data were retrospectively analyzed and risk factors affecting early and late survival were evaluated. The 30-day hospital mortality was 8% (n=71). Presence of ascites, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were identified as independent risk factors for hospital mortality. Overall long-term survival rate was 71%+/-3% at 5 years, and 59%+/-5% at 10 years. The cardiac survival rate was 75%+/-3% at 5 years and 63%+/-4% at 10 years. The event-free survival rate at 5 years and 10 years was 61%+/-6% and 41%+/-13%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed advanced age, NYHA class IV and lower LVEF were associated with increased late mortality. The freedom from thromboembolism and anticoagulation-related hemorrhage at 10 years was 90%+/-4% and 81%+/-5%, respectively. Of the 508 patients still alive, 376 (74%) were in NYHA class I and II. Primary TVS for advanced RHD appears to offer satisfactory short- and long-term results with excellent symptomatic improvement. Cardiac-related late mortality following TVS may be improved by early surgical treatment before NYHA class IV or deterioration of LVEF occurs.

ＲＡ腰椎病変に対する手術的治療の経験

We investigated 11 patients who underwent surgical treatment for rheumatoid spondylitis of the lumbar spine. Instruments were used in all cases. Improvement was noted in all cases, but there were one pseudoarthrosis, two new vertebral fractures, and two disc space narrowing of the adjacent segment. Immediate and excellent symptomatic improvement can be expected for rheumatoid spondylitis by spine reconstruction composed of sufficient decompression from behind and with the use of some instruments. However, complications by new vertebral fractures and disorder of the adjacent segment in later periods occur in some cases.

Results of surgical treatment for nonthymomatous myasthenia gravis.

To clarify the factors that influence improvement and remission after thymectomy for patients with nonthymomatous myasthenia gravis (MG). We retrospectively reviewed 204 patients with nonthymomatous MG who underwent thymectomy and anterior mediastinal dissection through a partial median sternotomy, between 1980 and 2001, and examined whether age, sex, preoperative classification, and duration of symptoms influenced their prognosis. There was no perioperative or hospital mortality. The mean follow-up period was 7.2 +/- 1.2 years, with early and late postoperative remission rates of 44.6% and 73%, respectively. Seven patients died; two from pneumonia and five from causes unrelated to MG. Preoperative treatment and classification, duration of symptoms, age, and sex did not seem to have a significant influence on remission, but the response to thymectomy was greater in patients with thymic hyperplasia. Remission and improvement rates were significantly better at the end of the first year, with the same status found at the last follow-up. Thymectomy is an effective and highly curative method of treatment for patients. with MG. It provides excellent symptomatic improvement, which is enhanced over the long term.

Eosinophilic cystitis--not that uncommon!

The clinical presentation, radiological manifestations and response to therapy of seven cases of biopsy-proven eosinophilic cystitis seen over an 8-year period were evaluated retrospectively. All of the five men and two women had symptoms of dysuria and frequency, with haematuria in two cases. One developed acute painful retention. The urine was sterile in all. Radiological findings included bladder mass lesions and upper tract dilatation. Cystoscopy showed papillary, erythematous and ulcerative mucosal lesions, and in one instance a large mass lesion. The various procedures carried out were cold cup biopsies, transurethral resections, or fulgration of lesions and partial cystectomy. Medical therapy included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prophylactic antibiotics to cover the procedures carried out. There was excellent symptomatic improvement in all patients. This is the largest single-centre experience reported, and is unusual as the majority of the patients in this series were men.

Closed mitral valvotomy for mitral restenosis: Experience in 113 consecutive cases

The costs of heart operations and the problems related to anticoagulation after prosthetic valve replacement are among the limitations faced by patients in nonindustrialized countries with mitral stenosis caused by chronic rheumatic heart disease. The young age at which these patients are seen also compels the surgeon to preserve the native valve. The least costly and optimal way to achieve this objective is by closed mitral valvotomy. After closed mitral valvotomy, mitral restenosis is commonly encountered. We report here our 10-year experience with operation on 113 consecutive patients with mitral restenosis. Closed transventricular revalvotomy was performed with Tubbs dilator in 105 of 113 patients. Mean age was 34.3 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.5. Most patients were in New York Heart Association functional classes III and IV (74.3% and 19.4%, respectively). Mean interval between first and second valvotomy was 9.4 years. Hospital mortality rate was 2.8%, trivial postoperative mitral regurgitation occurred in 16.1%, and moderately severe regurgitation occurred in 1.9%. Early postoperative systemic embolism occurred in 3.8% of the cases. Moderate to excellent symptomatic improvement was noted in 89.4% of the cases and poor results were seen in 10.2%. Late follow-up of 76 patients ranged from 2 to 10 years (mean 3.8 years), with 39.4% patients in New York Heart Association class I and 50% in class II. Close mitral revalvotomy is thus an economical, simple, and safe palliative procedure that carries good long-term results. (J T HORAC C ARDIOVASC S URG 1996;112:727-30)

Survival and valve failure after aortic valve replacement

A prospective evaluation of 412 consecutive patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement between January 1982 and December 1985 was performed in an attempt to identify the determinants of survival and valve failure. A variety of valves were inserted to permit a prospective evaluation of alternative valves including: Björk-Shiley mechanical (n = 37), Ionescu-Shiley pericardial (n = 261), Hancock pericardial (n = 78), and Carpentier-Edwards porcine (n = 36). Thirteen patients died in the hospital (3.2%) and 47 patients died in the follow-up period producing an actuarial survival of 81% ± 3% at 48 months. Survival was independently predicted by advancing age, preoperative New York Heart Association functional class, and the presence of endocarditis ( p < 0.05 by Cox regression analysis). The majority of patients were symptomatically improved (New York Heart Association class I or II: 21% preoperative, 88% postoperative). Freedom from structural valve dysfunction, prosthetic valve endocarditis, and reoperation for valve-related complications were 95% ± 2%, 95% ± 2%, and 92% ± 2% at 48 months, respectively. These valve-related complications occurred more frequently in younger patients and in those with a Hancock pericardial valve (freedom from structural valve dysfunction, 89% ± 5%; prosthetic valve endocarditis, 84% ± 9%; reoperation, 73% ± 10%; p < 0.05 by Cox regression). Freedom from thromboembolism was 88% ± 2% at 48 months; it was significantly lower in patients with a preoperative thromboembolic event and was not influenced by the type of prosthesis inserted. Freedom from anticoagulant-related hemorrhage was 85% ± 8% at 48 months and was not influenced by any preoperative factors. Aortic valve replacement resulted in excellent symptomatic improvement, Postoperatively, older patients died whereas younger patients suffered valve-related complications. The Hancock pericardial valve had an unacceptably high incidence of premature valve failure.

Endoscopic Microsurgery of the Ethmoid Sinus

Magnification of the operative field by endoscopes and a closed circuit television system enables precise and meticulous surgery of the ethmoid sinus via an endonasal approach. Endoscopic microsurgery of the ethmoid sinus utilizing meticulous technique improves the final results and offers greater safety than conventional surgery. Clear visualization enables a precise technique and facilitates the prevention of serious surgical complications. The authors’ technique of endoscopic sinus operation is described in a step-by-step description and the results of a patient survey and postoperative evaluation confirm excellent symptomatic improvement with minimal complications.

Long-term results of the “Palliative” mustard operation

A long-term follow-up study after 41 palliative Mustard operations for transposition of the great arteries and pulmonary vascular obstructive disease is presented. The operations were performed from 1973 to 1980. Mean pulmonary arteriolar resistance was 13.96 +/- 6.7 Um2. A ventricular septal defect was not closed in 34 patients; in 7 it was created at operation. There were three hospital and two late deaths. Survivors were followed up for 3 to 10 years (mean 76.7 +/- 22.8 months). Before operation 4 children were in New York Heart Association functional class IV and 33 were in class III. Mean hemoglobin concentration was 19.43 +/- 3.14 g/dl and arterial oxygen saturation was 63.44 +/- 11.29%. After operation 18 patients were in functional class I, 17 in class II and only 1 in class III. Hemoglobin level decreased to 14.19 +/- 2.3 g/dl and arterial oxygen saturation improved to 89.12 +/- 7.25%. Cardiac catheterization in 21 survivors confirmed no change in pulmonary artery pressure and resistance. Effective pulmonary blood flow improved from 1.39 +/- 0.39 before to 2.6 +/- 0.78 liters/min per m2 after operation. The palliative Mustard operation carries a low risk and provides excellent symptomatic improvement up to 10 years in patients with transposition of the great arteries and pulmonary vascular disease.

Results of triple valve replacement in 91 patients: perioperative mortality and long-term follow-up.

Between 1961 and 1984, 91 patients underwent simultaneous triple valve replacement at the Mayo Clinic. Of the 273 prosthetic valves used, 77% were Starr-Edwards. Perioperative (30 day) mortality was 24% to 27% between 1962 and 1974 and 7% between 1975 and 1983 (p = .17). In patients with NYHA class IV symptoms, perioperative mortality was 44%, and in those with milder symptoms, it was 8% (p less than .0001). The median follow-up was 7.5 years (range, 6 weeks to 20 years). Cumulative survival, which was calculated taking into consideration perioperative mortality, was 64% at 1 year, 55% at 5 years, 40% at 10 years, and 25% at 15 years. Multivariate analysis identified preoperative functional class and age as predictors of late survival. Among causes of late mortality were sudden death in 32.5%, congestive heart failure in 15%, thromboembolism in 12.5%, prosthetic valve dysfunction in 7.5%, and infective endocarditis in 5%. Late complications included systemic emboli in 42% (embolic rate, 12.3 events per 100 patient-years), bleeding in 22%, myocardial infarction in 16%, and infective endocarditis in 6%. Eight patients required reoperation for prosthetic valve dysfunction, and 12 patients had permanent pacemakers. Of the 29 patients still alive, 79% are in NYHA class I or II. In summary, perioperative mortality after triple valve replacement appears to be declining; long-term survival in 30 day survivors is similar to that after single valve replacement and excellent symptomatic improvement can be obtained, although morbidity is high.

Closed mitral valvotomy: early results and long-term follow-up of 3724 consecutive patients.

Between 1956 and 1980 closed mitral valvotomies were performed in 3724 consecutive patients (male:female ratio 1.1:1) with mitral stenoses. Their ages ranged from 6 to 69 years, with a mean (SD) of 27.3 (9.3). Mitral stenosis in the younger age group is a unique condition and a great majority of these patients rapidly develop significant pulmonary hypertension and congestive cardiac failure. In this study a large number of subjects belonged to functional class IV (41.5%). Hospital mortality was 1.5% over the last 5 years. After valvotomy, 11 patients (0.3%) developed severe mitral regurgitation that made valve replacement necessary in the immediate postoperative period. Early postoperative embolism occurred in 0.4% of those who were in atrial fibrillation and had preoperative anticoagulation whereas it occurred in 0.95% of those in sinus rhythm who had no anticoagulation. Late postoperative embolism occurred at a rate of 0.3 to 1.6 per 1000 patients per year over a 20 year period. Rheumatic reactivity occurred at a rate of 1.3 to 2.2 per 1000 patients per year during the same period. Rate of occurrence of restenosis varied from 4.2 to 11.4 per 1000 patients per year between the fifth and fifteenth year of follow-up. Closed transventricular revalvotomy for restenosis was accomplished in 130 subjects with a 6.7% mortality. Excellent symptomatic improvement was evident in 86% of long-term survivors at the end of 15 years. Actuarial survival was 95%, 93.1%, 89.5%, and 84.2% at 6, 12, 18, and 24 years, respectively, after closed mitral valvotomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Late results of surgery for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in children

Forty-four patients, with a mean age at surgery of 10 years, were followed for 5 to 16 years (mean 9.7 years) after relief of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. There were no early deaths, but 5 late deaths occurred, 3 following reoperation. Twenty-five patients were recatheterized from 1 to 16 years later (mean 6.6 years). In 21 of 32 patients (66 per cent), a new diastolic murmur followed relief of valvular stenosis; 25 (78 per cent) of these patients had a postoperative diastolic murmur. Seventeen of these 25 (68 per cent) were recatheterized, and 11 of the 17 (65 per cent) had moderate-to-severe aortic incompetence on angiography. Eight patients (18 per cent) have undergone reoperation and 9 more (20 per cent) will have to be reoperated upon soon. Although the aortic valve gradient and left ventricular stroke pressure were reduced in all obstructive types after surgery, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure significantly increased and cardiac index decreased after valvotomy. Cardiomegaly and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities were present in 45 and 66 per cent, respectively, of all postoperative patients. Although 93 per cent of patients may be expected to survive and 82 per cent be reoperation free at 10 years, further surgery thereafter becomes increasingly common. Timely relief of obstruction prevents sudden death and produces excellent symptomatic improvement, but the operation is only palliative. Development of a reliable pediatric valve and ventriculo-aortic conduit may encourage earlier and more aggressive therapy.

Association of irradiation with neoplasia in children and adolescents.

Editorial1 March 1956ASSOCIATION OF IRRADIATION WITH NEOPLASIA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTSJOHN M. DENNIS, M.D.JOHN M. DENNIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-44-3-579 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince Friedlander1 irradiated the enlarged thymus gland of an infant with status lymphaticus in 1907 with excellent symptomatic improvement, irradiation of enlarged thymus glands has been a common practice in this country, particularly between 1930 and 1950. Recently, reports have begun to stress the occurrence of malignancy in those children and adolescents who have had radiation for thymic enlargement and other benign conditions during infancy and early childhood.2, 3, 4, 5Radiation as a possible etiologic factor in carcinoma of the thyroid gland in children and adolescents was first suggested by Duffy and Fitzgerald2in 1950. In a series of...1 Friedlander A: Status lymphaticus and enlargement of the thymus with a report of a case successfully treated by the x-ray, Arch. Pediat. 24: 409, 1907. Google Scholar2 DuffyFitzgerald BJPJ: Thyroid cancer in childhood and adolescence. Report of twenty-eight cases, Cancer 3: 1018, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3 SimpsonHempelmannFuller CLLHLM: Neoplasia in children treated with x-rays in infancy for thymic enlargement, Radiology 64: 840, 1955. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4 Clark DE: Association of irradiation with cancer of the thyroid in children and adolescents, J. A. M. A. 159: 1007, 1955. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5 Dameshek W: The outlook for the eventual control of leukemia, New England J. Med. 250: 131, 1954. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6 WarrenAlvizouriColcock SMBP: Carcinoma of the thyroid in children and adolescents, Cancer 6: 1139, 1953. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7 ContiPatton EAGD: Study of the thymus in 7, 400 consecutive newborn infants, Am. J. Obst. and Gynec. 56: 884, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8 Doniach I: The effect of radioactive iodine alone and in combination with methylthiouracil upon tumor production in the rat's thyroid gland, Brit. J. Cancer 7: 181, 1953. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9 QuimbyWerner EHSC: Late radiation effects in roentgen therapy for hyperthyroidism. Possible bearing on the use of radioactive iodine, J. A. M. A. 140: 1046, 1949. CrossrefGoogle Scholar10 DaileyLindsayMiller MESER: Histologic lesions in thyroid gland of patients receiving radioiodine for hyperthyroidism, J. Clin. Endocrinol. 13: 1513, 1953. CrossrefGoogle Scholar11 NorrisPollock WJWF: Nodular goiters in children, Am. J. Surg. 90: 345, 1955. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12 RawsonMoney RWWL: In Recent progress in hormone research, Gregory Pincus, Editor, Academic Press 4: 397, 1949. Google Scholar13 Cooke JV: The occurrence of leukemia, Blood 9: 340, 1954. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar14 Ulrich H: Incidence of leukemia in radiologist, New England J. Med. 234: 45, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar15 March HC: Leukemia in radiologists in a 20 year period, Am. J. M. Sc. 220: 282, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar16 KaplanBrown HSMB: Protection against radiation induced lymphoma development by shielding and partial-body irradiation of mice, Cancer Res. 12: 441, 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar17 FolleyBorgesYamawaki JHWT: Incidence of leukemia in survivors of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, Am. J. Med. 13: 311, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar18 NagaredaKaplan CSHS: The effect of hypophysectomy and x-irradiation on lymphoid organs and on the induction of lymphoid tumors in C57BL mice, J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 16: 139, 1955. MedlineGoogle Scholar19 DubilierBurnettDotterSteinberg WHWCTI: Radiation hazard during angiocardiography, Am. J. Roentgenol. 70: 441, 1953. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTumors and HormonesDoes irradiation of infants and children cause cancer of the thyroid?Clinical Pathologic Conference* 1 March 1956Volume 44, Issue 3Page: 579-583KeywordsAdolescentsChildrenInfantsThymusThyroid Issue Published: 1 March 1956 PDF DownloadLoading ...